Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.05.035
Roberto Rivera-Martínez, Atenas Tapia-Rodríguez, D. K. Figueroa-Figueroa, Alfredo Ruiz-Orta, J. F. Ramírez-Dávila
Introduction: Copturus aguacatae is one of the most important pests of avocado plantations in Estado de México. The presence of this insect represents a risk for avocado production.Objectives: To study the spatial behavior of adult population of C. aguacatae using geostatistical techniques in avocado plantations in Estado de México. Methodology: A total of 400 7-year-old cv. Hass trees were selected and georeferenced in the municipalities of Temascaltepec and Tenancingo, Estado de México. Adult insects of C. aguacataewere collected using sticky traps baited with a commercial adhesive. For geostatistical analysis, experimental semivariograms were performed and fitted with theoretical models using the Variowin program. Infected surface maps were generated with the ordinary kriging technique, and graphical representation was provided with the Surfer 16 software.Results: The spatial behavior of the insect is observed in clusters within the plots. In some months, infestations were distributed over 100 % of the surface, but with variable population densities. These results can improve pest detection and sampling programs, as well as control measures on specific areas of infestation.Study limitations: No insects during some sampling periods.Originality: Use of geostatistical methods as a tool to know the spatial distribution of pests in the avocado plantations in Mexico.Conclusions: Including geostatistical methods in the management of C. aguacatae can help avocado growers, because it it provides a more precise knowledge of their spatial behavior.
简介:牛油果黄蛉是墨西哥墨西哥州牛油果种植园最重要的害虫之一。这种昆虫的存在对鳄梨的生产构成了威胁。目的:利用地统计学技术研究姆萨姆西州鳄梨人工林中鳄梨成年种群的空间行为。方法:共400份7岁的cv。哈斯树在Temascaltepec和Tenancingo, Estado de m xico市进行了选择和地理参考。采用粘捕法，以商用黏胶为诱饵，采集了瓜桔成虫。为了进行地质统计分析，使用Variowin程序进行了实验半变异图，并与理论模型拟合。使用普通克里格技术生成感染面图，并使用Surfer 16软件进行图形表示。结果:在样地内观察到昆虫的空间行为。在某些月份，虫害分布超过100%的地表，但种群密度变化。这些结果可以改进害虫检测和抽样程序，以及对特定虫害区域的控制措施。研究局限:在一些采样期间没有发现昆虫。创意:利用地质统计学方法作为工具来了解墨西哥鳄梨种植园害虫的空间分布。结论:将地统计学方法应用于牛油果的管理中，可以为牛油果种植者提供更精确的空间行为知识。
{"title":"Spatial distribution of Copturusaguacatae in avocado plantations in central Mexico","authors":"Roberto Rivera-Martínez, Atenas Tapia-Rodríguez, D. K. Figueroa-Figueroa, Alfredo Ruiz-Orta, J. F. Ramírez-Dávila","doi":"10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.05.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.05.035","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Copturus aguacatae is one of the most important pests of avocado plantations in Estado de México. The presence of this insect represents a risk for avocado production.Objectives: To study the spatial behavior of adult population of C. aguacatae using geostatistical techniques in avocado plantations in Estado de México. Methodology: A total of 400 7-year-old cv. Hass trees were selected and georeferenced in the municipalities of Temascaltepec and Tenancingo, Estado de México. Adult insects of C. aguacataewere collected using sticky traps baited with a commercial adhesive. For geostatistical analysis, experimental semivariograms were performed and fitted with theoretical models using the Variowin program. Infected surface maps were generated with the ordinary kriging technique, and graphical representation was provided with the Surfer 16 software.Results: The spatial behavior of the insect is observed in clusters within the plots. In some months, infestations were distributed over 100 % of the surface, but with variable population densities. These results can improve pest detection and sampling programs, as well as control measures on specific areas of infestation.Study limitations: No insects during some sampling periods.Originality: Use of geostatistical methods as a tool to know the spatial distribution of pests in the avocado plantations in Mexico.Conclusions: Including geostatistical methods in the management of C. aguacatae can help avocado growers, because it it provides a more precise knowledge of their spatial behavior.","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"965 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134630328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2021.10.115
Eduardo Flores-Gallegos, E. Olvera-González, Nivia Escalante-García, D. Alaniz-Lumbreras, R. Ivanov-Tsonchev, A. Lara-Herrera
Introduction: The recent development of UV LEDs has allowed us to investigate the germicidal effect with different wavelengths in the UV spectrum including type A.Objective: To develop and evaluate a UV-A LED irradiation system at an emission peak of 374 nm, controlled through an automatic routine, and integrated into a semi-industrial mechatronic system designed for fresh products disinfectionMethodology: Fresh products (garlic, serrano pepper, and tomato) were used to evaluate the benefits and functionality of the System. The irradiation doses established for the experiment were 7.9, 23.7, 47.4 and 71.1 J·cm-2. The temperature of each product was monitored throughout the treatment. Results: The maximum germicidal effect in garlic, serrano pepper, and tomato was 1.25, 1.05 and 1.24 Log, respectively with a dose of 71.1 J·cm-2. The irradiation emission does not present secondary effects on the weight and color of each fresh product. Obtaining maximum values of 40, 41.9 and 38.3 °C in garlic, serrano pepper, and tomato, respectively in temperature. Study limitations: The high time required for disinfection due to the low efficiency of UV-A LEDs.Originality: The system was designed and developed for the agro-industrial sector considering that it can be inserted as a process within the production line. Ensuring the safety of food is possible to control the doses and irradiation time of each product.Conclusions: These results allow us to use UV-A as an alternative method for the disinfection of fresh produce.
导读:紫外LED的最新发展使我们能够研究包括a型在内的紫外光谱中不同波长的杀菌效果。目的:开发和评估在374nm发射峰处的UV- a LED辐照系统，通过自动程序控制，并集成到用于新鲜产品消毒的半工业机电系统中。使用新鲜产品(大蒜、塞拉诺辣椒和番茄)来评估该系统的效益和功能。实验确定的辐照剂量分别为7.9、23.7、47.4和71.1 J·cm-2。在整个处理过程中监测每种产品的温度。结果:当剂量为71.1 J·cm-2时，大蒜、辣椒和番茄的杀菌效果分别为1.25、1.05和1.24 Log。辐照辐射不会对每个新鲜产品的重量和颜色产生二次影响。大蒜、塞拉诺辣椒和番茄的温度最大值分别为40、41.9和38.3°C。研究局限:UV-A led效率低，消毒时间长。独创性:该系统是为农业工业部门设计和开发的，考虑到它可以作为生产线内的一个过程插入。通过控制每一种产品的剂量和辐照时间，可以保证食品的安全。结论:这些结果使我们可以使用UV-A作为新鲜农产品消毒的替代方法。
{"title":"Based UV-A LEDs food disinfection mechatronic system","authors":"Eduardo Flores-Gallegos, E. Olvera-González, Nivia Escalante-García, D. Alaniz-Lumbreras, R. Ivanov-Tsonchev, A. Lara-Herrera","doi":"10.5154/r.inagbi.2021.10.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.inagbi.2021.10.115","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The recent development of UV LEDs has allowed us to investigate the germicidal effect with different wavelengths in the UV spectrum including type A.Objective: To develop and evaluate a UV-A LED irradiation system at an emission peak of 374 nm, controlled through an automatic routine, and integrated into a semi-industrial mechatronic system designed for fresh products disinfectionMethodology: Fresh products (garlic, serrano pepper, and tomato) were used to evaluate the benefits and functionality of the System. The irradiation doses established for the experiment were 7.9, 23.7, 47.4 and 71.1 J·cm-2. The temperature of each product was monitored throughout the treatment. Results: The maximum germicidal effect in garlic, serrano pepper, and tomato was 1.25, 1.05 and 1.24 Log, respectively with a dose of 71.1 J·cm-2. The irradiation emission does not present secondary effects on the weight and color of each fresh product. Obtaining maximum values of 40, 41.9 and 38.3 °C in garlic, serrano pepper, and tomato, respectively in temperature. Study limitations: The high time required for disinfection due to the low efficiency of UV-A LEDs.Originality: The system was designed and developed for the agro-industrial sector considering that it can be inserted as a process within the production line. Ensuring the safety of food is possible to control the doses and irradiation time of each product.Conclusions: These results allow us to use UV-A as an alternative method for the disinfection of fresh produce.","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124914239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.02.020
S. Fuentes, Carlos Fuentes, C. Chávez
Introduction: The Richards equation or a simplification, such as the Green and Ampt equation, is mainly used to describe the flow of water in the soil. The Richards equation produces accurate results, but lacks general analytical solutions, so the Green and Ampt equation is used as an intermediate way of modeling the phenomenon by maintaining physical-mathematical bases in the representation.Objective: To optimize the parameters of saturated hydraulic conductivity and wetting front suction of the Green and Ampt equation by means of a nonlinear optimization algorithm, and to validate the solution to optimize the parameters as a function of soil textures.Methodology: The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was used to estimate the infiltration parameters of the Green and Ampt equation, and the initial pair of values was taken according to soil texture.Results: This model was used to calculate the hydraulic conductivity parameters at saturation and wetting front suction.Study limitations: A homogeneous soil column and a constant initial moisture content were considered for the whole column.Originality: The optimization algorithm was oriented to keep the parameter values within the range established in the textural classes.Conclusions: An optimization algorithm was implemented to estimate the parameters Ksand hfby solving the Green and Ampt equation, which included code performance review and experimental validation with infiltration tests.
{"title":"Parameter optimization of Green and Ampt equation using a nonlinear algorithm","authors":"S. Fuentes, Carlos Fuentes, C. Chávez","doi":"10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.02.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.02.020","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Richards equation or a simplification, such as the Green and Ampt equation, is mainly used to describe the flow of water in the soil. The Richards equation produces accurate results, but lacks general analytical solutions, so the Green and Ampt equation is used as an intermediate way of modeling the phenomenon by maintaining physical-mathematical bases in the representation.Objective: To optimize the parameters of saturated hydraulic conductivity and wetting front suction of the Green and Ampt equation by means of a nonlinear optimization algorithm, and to validate the solution to optimize the parameters as a function of soil textures.Methodology: The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was used to estimate the infiltration parameters of the Green and Ampt equation, and the initial pair of values was taken according to soil texture.Results: This model was used to calculate the hydraulic conductivity parameters at saturation and wetting front suction.Study limitations: A homogeneous soil column and a constant initial moisture content were considered for the whole column.Originality: The optimization algorithm was oriented to keep the parameter values within the range established in the textural classes.Conclusions: An optimization algorithm was implemented to estimate the parameters Ksand hfby solving the Green and Ampt equation, which included code performance review and experimental validation with infiltration tests.","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127354556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.06.060
Hernán Celaya-Michel, C. Hinojo-Hinojo, E. Sánchez-Villalba, M. Barrera-Silva
Introduction: The Sonoran desert shows degradation, risk of desertification and loss of biodiversity. A typical plant of the area is the Mexican ironwood (Olneya tesota), with ecological, economic and social importance.Objectives: To evaluate germination, survival and growth of Mexican ironwood seeds sown in degraded soil, conserved soil, agricultural soil and nursery in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.Methodology: Annual experiments were carried out from 2017 to 2019, with 1 450 Mexican ironwood seeds sown directly in degraded and conserved arid soils, and in soil patches (bare, with grasses, undertree, in accumulation zones and with herbivory protections). The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions of humidity, nursery and irrigated agricultural soil.Results: Seed germination was 0 to 20 % in degraded soils, with zero annual survival. The application of irrigation and herbivory protection led higher germination (16 to 78 %) and annual survival (0 to 50 %). Annual survival in patches of conserved soil ranged from 0 to 30. The highest germination (84 %), annual survival (74 %) and annual growth (84.7 cm) were observed in agricultural soil and drip irrigation.Limitations of the study: The results correspond to three years of evaluations.Originality: There are no detailed studies on the limitations of establishing ironwood plants.Conclusions: Netting protection increases germination, survival and height of ironwood plants in degraded soils. It is possible to initiate ironwood forest plantations on agricultural land with drip irrigation.
{"title":"Olneya tesota plantations under different growing conditions in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico","authors":"Hernán Celaya-Michel, C. Hinojo-Hinojo, E. Sánchez-Villalba, M. Barrera-Silva","doi":"10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.06.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.inagbi.2022.06.060","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Sonoran desert shows degradation, risk of desertification and loss of biodiversity. A typical plant of the area is the Mexican ironwood (Olneya tesota), with ecological, economic and social importance.Objectives: To evaluate germination, survival and growth of Mexican ironwood seeds sown in degraded soil, conserved soil, agricultural soil and nursery in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.Methodology: Annual experiments were carried out from 2017 to 2019, with 1 450 Mexican ironwood seeds sown directly in degraded and conserved arid soils, and in soil patches (bare, with grasses, undertree, in accumulation zones and with herbivory protections). The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions of humidity, nursery and irrigated agricultural soil.Results: Seed germination was 0 to 20 % in degraded soils, with zero annual survival. The application of irrigation and herbivory protection led higher germination (16 to 78 %) and annual survival (0 to 50 %). Annual survival in patches of conserved soil ranged from 0 to 30. The highest germination (84 %), annual survival (74 %) and annual growth (84.7 cm) were observed in agricultural soil and drip irrigation.Limitations of the study: The results correspond to three years of evaluations.Originality: There are no detailed studies on the limitations of establishing ironwood plants.Conclusions: Netting protection increases germination, survival and height of ironwood plants in degraded soils. It is possible to initiate ironwood forest plantations on agricultural land with drip irrigation.","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127838231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2021.02.035
Augusto Omar Villa-Camacho, R. Ontiveros-Capurata, O. Ruiz-Alvarez, Alberto González-Sanchez, José Antonio Quevedo-Tiznado, Laura Maleni Ordoñez-Hernández
Introduction: Evapotranspiration is key in the management of arid agricultural areas. In Chihuahua, the volume of irrigation water is based on reference evapotranspiration (ETo) calculated with empirical methods and extrapolated to the cropped area, which is inaccurate. The alternative is to calculate ETo variation by spatial interpolation. Objective: To analyze the spatio-temporal variation of ETo using empirical methods and spatial interpolation in Chihuahua, Mexico. Methodology: Records from 33 meteorological stations from 1960-2013 and seven ETo estimation methods were used. The results were compared with the Penman-Monteith method, modified by FAO (PMMF), ANOVA analysis (P ≤ 0.05), and homogeneous ETo surfaces built from the point values by spatial interpolation. Results: The Hargreaves method (R2 = 0.91, RMSE = 1.16 and ME = -0.69 mm-day-1) had a smaller bias with respect to PMMF. ETo values ranged from 2.5 to 7.1 mm-day-1 in a west-east direction, with maximum values at low elevations and minimum values at high elevations, which showed the influence of the Sierra Madre Occidental on ETo. This characteristic was most noticeable in the warm months (June to September). Limitations of the study: The use of estimated data needs field validation. Originality: The ETo estimation with seven empirical methods and one spatial interpolation method to extrapolate values to areas with scarce meteorological data. Conclusions: The Hargreaves method allows estimating the spatio-temporal variation of ETo in large extensions and areas with limited meteorological information.
{"title":"Spatio-temporal variation of reference evapotranspiration from empirical methods in Chihuahua, Mexico","authors":"Augusto Omar Villa-Camacho, R. Ontiveros-Capurata, O. Ruiz-Alvarez, Alberto González-Sanchez, José Antonio Quevedo-Tiznado, Laura Maleni Ordoñez-Hernández","doi":"10.5154/R.INAGBI.2021.02.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/R.INAGBI.2021.02.035","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Introduction:</strong> Evapotranspiration is key in the management of arid agricultural areas. In Chihuahua, the volume of irrigation water is based on reference evapotranspiration (ET<sub>o</sub>) calculated with empirical methods and extrapolated to the cropped area, which is inaccurate. The alternative is to calculate ET<sub>o</sub> variation by spatial interpolation.</br> <strong>Objective:</strong> To analyze the spatio-temporal variation of ET<sub>o</sub> using empirical methods and spatial interpolation in Chihuahua, Mexico.</br> <strong>Methodology:</strong> Records from 33 meteorological stations from 1960-2013 and seven ET<sub>o</sub> estimation methods were used. The results were compared with the Penman-Monteith method, modified by FAO (PMMF), ANOVA analysis (P ≤ 0.05), and homogeneous ET<sub>o</sub> surfaces built from the point values by spatial interpolation.</br> <strong>Results:</strong> The Hargreaves method (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.91, RMSE = 1.16 and ME = -0.69 mm-day<sup>-1</sup>) had a smaller bias with respect to PMMF. ET<sub>o</sub> values ranged from 2.5 to 7.1 mm-day<sup>-1</sup> in a west-east direction, with maximum values at low elevations and minimum values at high elevations, which showed the influence of the Sierra Madre Occidental on ET<sub>o</sub>. This characteristic was most noticeable in the warm months (June to September).</br> <strong>Limitations of the study:</strong> The use of estimated data needs field validation.</br> <strong>Originality:</strong> The ET<sub>o</sub> estimation with seven empirical methods and one spatial interpolation method to extrapolate values to areas with scarce meteorological data.</br> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The Hargreaves method allows estimating the spatio-temporal variation of ET<sub>o</sub> in large extensions and areas with limited meteorological information.</br>","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114858076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2018.06.012
F. Rojano, Christopher Y. Choi, X. Ortiz, R. Collier
Introduction: In desert climates, high temperatures can cause heat stress on dairy farms. Aviable alternative to this problem is to develop a network of water pipes connected to heat exchangers (HEs) that operate as a conductive cooling system. Objective: To propose a water supply system connected to a series of HEs, installed under bedding in a dairy barn freestall system, and analyze heat transfer along a large-scale water pipe network. Methodology: The EPANET water quality module was used to design the system. Temperature predictions were validated with experimental data from a network of four HE pipes installed under the bedding. A network was then designed to supply water to 1 000 HEs in order tocalculate the efficiency of the system for a real dairy farm. Results: Insulations with values of 0.095 and 0.0475 W∙m-1∙°C-1 increased the cooling capacity of water-carrying pipes by 7 and 12 %, respectively. Increasing the flow rates from 1 to 7 L∙min-1 increased the cooling capacity; however, the cooling efficiency decreased by at least 12 %. Study limitations: A validation was performed on a section of the pipe network and a simulation for the entire network. Originality:V EPANET was implemented for a mass and heat balance in a pipe network supplying water to HEs. Conclusion: The conductive cooling system is viable in areas with a desert climate and its efficiency depends on the level of thermal insulation and flow in the pipe network.
{"title":"Development of a water pipe network serving as a conductive cooling system applied to dairy farms","authors":"F. Rojano, Christopher Y. Choi, X. Ortiz, R. Collier","doi":"10.5154/r.inagbi.2018.06.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.inagbi.2018.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In desert climates, high temperatures can cause heat stress on dairy farms. Aviable alternative to this problem is to develop a network of water pipes connected to heat exchangers (HEs) that operate as a conductive cooling system. Objective: To propose a water supply system connected to a series of HEs, installed under bedding in a dairy barn freestall system, and analyze heat transfer along a large-scale water pipe network. Methodology: The EPANET water quality module was used to design the system. Temperature predictions were validated with experimental data from a network of four HE pipes installed under the bedding. A network was then designed to supply water to 1 000 HEs in order tocalculate the efficiency of the system for a real dairy farm. Results: Insulations with values of 0.095 and 0.0475 W∙m-1∙°C-1 increased the cooling capacity of water-carrying pipes by 7 and 12 %, respectively. Increasing the flow rates from 1 to 7 L∙min-1 increased the cooling capacity; however, the cooling efficiency decreased by at least 12 %. Study limitations: A validation was performed on a section of the pipe network and a simulation for the entire network. Originality:V EPANET was implemented for a mass and heat balance in a pipe network supplying water to HEs. Conclusion: The conductive cooling system is viable in areas with a desert climate and its efficiency depends on the level of thermal insulation and flow in the pipe network.","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117252218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.06.014
Gerardo Núñez-González, Domingo Velázquez-Pérez, Francisco Javier Pelayo-Cortés, Pedro Barboza-Jiménez
{"title":"Analysis of reference evapotranspiration behavior during the rainy season at five weather stations in the Lerma-Chapala basin","authors":"Gerardo Núñez-González, Domingo Velázquez-Pérez, Francisco Javier Pelayo-Cortés, Pedro Barboza-Jiménez","doi":"10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.06.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120949234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2019.01.005
J. C. Cuevas-Bernardino, C. Pérez-Alonso, R. Nieto-Ángel, E. Aguirre-Mandujano
The use of O/W emulsions with well-functioning wall materials, such as whey protein and pectin from different origins, allows stabilization and protection of bioactive ingredients. The HP-protein interaction allowed the formation of thicker physical barriers, with high MEE and adequate morphology, which can stabilize GSO against oxidation processes. The GSO’s MEE was influenced by the TS content and the type of pectin used. The emulsions with hawthorn pectin from accessions 55 and 100, with 40 % TS, had the highest viscosities in the whole shear rate range. The EWPC-HP100,3:1 treatment produced microcapsules with the highest MEE (71.29 %) and the smallest emulsion droplet diameter (d3,2 = 1.45 μm). Generally, a reduction in droplet size is associated with greater stability for possible use in food matrices. The morphology of the capsules was affected by the type of biopolymer and the concentration of the wall materials. Microcapsules with HP100 had spherical particles with smaller dents on the outer surface than those formulated with CP
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Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.03.003
Elí Gaiska Salomón-Guzmán, Colegio de Postgraduados, L. A. Ibáñez-Castillo, Jacinta Palerm-Viqueira
Introduction: There is a traditional irrigation system in Mexico called entarquinamiento (spate irrigation), which falls into the flood irrigation category, also known as cajas de agua (literally water boxes). Certain effects generated by traditional irrigation systems are intentional and others not entirely. Objective: To demonstrate that spate irrigation systems generate unintended effects such as flood control, in a 100-year return period, in the presence of maximum floods. Methodology: A hydrological analysis was carried out for two scenarios: 1) current situation (water boxes operating) and 2) hypothetical situation (boxes for this purpose are suppressed or disused). Within the hydrological model, with the HEC-HMS program, the methodologies of the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) of the United States (runoff curve number and unit hydrograph) and a design storm of 167.8 mm were considered. Flood routing in channels was performed using the Muskingum method. Results: With the current situation, the flow rate generated at the box system outlet was 0 m·s, which is the product of the partial storage of the runoff, while with the hypothetical situation, the maximum flow rate becomes 535.5 m·s. Study limitations: The efficiency of the water box system as an irrigation technique was not evaluated. Originality: There are few hydrological studies that demonstrate quantitative benefits of traditional irrigation techniques. Conclusions: The operating water box system functions as a reservoir. If the boxes were removed, a runoff would be generated that would flood agricultural and urban areas.
简介:墨西哥有一种传统的灌溉系统，叫做entarquinamiento(洪灌)，它属于洪水灌溉的范畴，也被称为cajas de agua(字面意思是水箱)。传统灌溉系统产生的某些影响是有意的，而另一些则并非完全如此。目的:证明在100年的回复期，在最大洪水存在的情况下，洪水灌溉系统会产生意想不到的影响，如洪水控制。方法:对两种情况进行了水文分析:1)当前情况(水箱运行)和2)假设情况(用于此目的的水箱被抑制或废弃)。在水文模型中，使用HEC-HMS程序，考虑了美国土壤保持服务(SCS)的方法(径流曲线数和单位水文曲线)和167.8 mm的设计风暴。使用Muskingum方法实现了通道中的洪水路由。结果:在当前情况下，箱形系统出口产生的流量为0 m·s，这是径流部分储存的产物，而在假设情况下，最大流量为535.5 m·s。研究局限:水箱系统作为一种灌溉技术的效率没有被评估。原创性:很少有水文研究证明传统灌溉技术的定量效益。结论:运行水箱系统具有水库功能。如果这些盒子被移走，将产生的径流将淹没农业和城市地区。
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Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2017.12.018
E. R. Jesús, M. A. Aguilar-Méndez, P. López-Perea, J. Guzmán-Mendoza, V. Hernández-Martínez, Nathaly Quiroz-Reyes, M. A. Cruz-Hernández, Marineth Ortiz-Balderas, Colegio de Postgraduados
{"title":"Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous tejocote extracts as reducing and passivating agent","authors":"E. R. Jesús, M. A. Aguilar-Méndez, P. López-Perea, J. Guzmán-Mendoza, V. Hernández-Martínez, Nathaly Quiroz-Reyes, M. A. Cruz-Hernández, Marineth Ortiz-Balderas, Colegio de Postgraduados","doi":"10.5154/R.INAGBI.2017.12.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/R.INAGBI.2017.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127183697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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