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Soil moisture depletion rates on sunflower yield 土壤水分耗竭率对向日葵产量的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2021.09.105
M. Inzunza-Ibarra, I. Sánchez-Cohen, Sergio Iván Jiménez-Jiménez, Ernesto A. Catalán-Valencia, M. Marcial-Pablo
ntroduction: Optimizing the irrigation water resource is essential due to its scarcity, so it is therefore important to consider efficient crops such as sunflower. Objective: To estimate the sunflower grain yield at different levels of available soil moisture depletion to estimate water use efficiency (WUE) of the crop under different water conditions. Methodology: Seven treatments resulting from four soil moisture levels (40, 60, 60, 80 and 100 % of available soil moisture [ASM] and two periods of sunflower growth (from emergence to the beginning of flowering [first stage] and from flowering to physiological maturity [second stage]). Results: The highest grain yield (5.5 t·ha-1) and WUE of (0.922 kg·m-3) were recorded in the 60-60 % ASM treatment in the first and second stages of sunflower development, and by consuming 62.8 cm of water. Limitations of the study: The results should not be extrapolated to conditions outside the study levels. Originality: To generate research methodologies to quantify, in a more realistic way, the relationship of yields with crop water requirements. Conclusions: The highest WUE in sunflower (0.922 kg·m-3) was recorded when it consumed 31.4 and 28.12 cm of water, with 58.8 and 60.5 % of ASM in the first and second stages, respectively, which was similar to the 60-60 % treatment.
导读:由于灌溉水资源的稀缺性,优化灌溉水资源至关重要,因此考虑向日葵等高效作物是很重要的。目的:估算不同土壤有效水分枯竭水平下向日葵籽粒产量,以估算不同水分条件下作物水分利用效率(WUE)。方法:根据4种土壤水分水平(40%、60%、60%、80%和100%有效土壤水分[ASM])和向日葵生长的两个阶段(从出苗到开始开花[第一阶段]和从开花到生理成熟[第二阶段])进行7个处理。结果:在向日葵发育的第一、第二阶段,60 ~ 60%的ASM处理在耗水量为62.8 cm时,籽粒产量最高(5.5 t·ha-1),水分利用效率最高(0.922 kg·m-3)。研究的局限性:研究结果不应外推到研究水平以外的情况。独创性:产生研究方法,以更现实的方式量化产量与作物需水量之间的关系。结论:向日葵水分利用效率(WUE)在消耗水分31.4 cm和28.12 cm时最高(0.922 kg·m-3),一期和二期ASM分别为58.8%和60.5%,与60- 60%处理相似。
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引用次数: 1
Forage yield and quality of three rainfed crops in four-row and six-row seedbeds using different fertilization methods 不同施肥方式对三种旱作作物四行和六行苗床牧草产量和品质的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2020.10.070
Esteban Salvador Osuna-Ceja, J. Pimentel-López, Miguel Ángel Martínez-Gamiño, B. Figueroa-Sandoval
Introduction: In the temperate-semiarid region of Aguascalientes, Mexico, most of the rural population depends on rainfed agriculture related to the family milk production system. Objective: To evaluate the effect of different fertilization practices on forage yield and quality of three rainfed crops in four- and six-row seedbeds. Methodology: Five fertilization treatments were evaluated: T1) control (no fertilization), T2) chemical fertilization (40-40-00 kg·ha-1 of N-P-K), T3) mixture (28-40-00 kg·ha-1 and 26 kg of zeolite), T4) organic fertilizer (5 t·ha-1 of bovine manure) and T5) mycorrhiza (inoculation with 350 g·ha-1 of mycorrhizal substrate). Maize and sunflowers were planted in four rows, and sorghum in six rows. A randomized complete block design with four replicates was used. Results: Dry matter yield in relation to the control, in T2, T3 and T4 was 100, 84 and 26 % for maize, 123, 177 and 67 % for sunflowers, and 52, 49 and 91 % for sorghum, respectively. T5 was higher compared to T1, but without statistical difference. Forage quality of the three crops showed no increase, except for crude protein in T2 and T3. Limitations of the study: Results correspond to a single cycle (spring-summer). Originality: Good agronomic practices for forage production were established. Conclusions: Agronomic practices (minimum tillage, in situ rainwater harvesting, sowing methods and fertilization) generate a positive effect on yield and forage quality in rainfed crops.
简介:在墨西哥阿瓜斯卡连特斯的温带半干旱地区,大多数农村人口依靠与家庭牛奶生产系统相关的雨养农业。目的:评价不同施肥方式对三种旱作作物四行和六行苗床牧草产量和品质的影响。方法:对5种施肥处理进行评价:T1)对照(不施肥),T2)化学施肥(N-P-K 40-40-00 kg·ha-1), T3)混合施肥(28-40-00 kg·ha-1加沸石26 kg), T4)有机肥(牛粪5 t·ha-1)和T5)菌根(接种菌根底物350 g·ha-1)。玉米和向日葵分成四行,高粱分成六行。采用随机完全区组设计,共4个重复。结果:玉米在T2、T3和T4的干物质产量分别为100、84和26%,向日葵为123、177和67%,高粱为52、49和91%。T5高于T1,但无统计学差异。除粗蛋白质外,3种作物的饲料品质在T2和T3期均无显著提高。研究的局限性:结果只对应一个周期(春夏)。原创性:建立了牧草生产的良好农艺规范。结论:农艺措施(少耕、就地雨水收集、播种方法和施肥)对旱作作物的产量和饲料质量产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
Physicochemical and antifungal properties of active gelatin-carboxymethylcellulose films with coconut shell extract 椰壳提取物活性明胶-羧甲基纤维素膜的理化及抗真菌性能
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2021.09.110
Maria Fernanda Vargas-Torrico, E. V. Borries-Medrano, S. Valle-Guadarrama, M. A. Aguilar-Méndez
Introduction: The formulation of bioactive packaging represents an innovative alternative to control the development of microorganisms affecting the shelf life of foods. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a coconut shell extract added to gelatincarboxymethylcellulose biopolymeric films on their physicochemical and antifungal properties to determine their potential use as packaging material for fruit and vegetable products. Methodology: Gelatin-carboxymethylcellulose films were prepared with different concentrations of coconut shell extract and their thickness, mechanical (puncture force and tensile strength), physical (water vapor permeability) and microstructural properties, color, FTIR, UV light transmittance, opacity and in vitro antifungal activity were determined. Results: Changes in mechanical, physical and microstructural properties were observed depending on the concentration of the extract. The color was modified by the effect of the extract, with higher opacity and lower light transmittance as its concentration increased. Intermolecular interactions between the biopolymers and the extract components were observed in the FTIR spectra. In vitro tests showed inhibitory capacity on the growth of Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus stolonifer. Limitations of the study: The effect of the coconut shell additive only applies to the extraction conditions used. Originality: There are no studies supporting the antifungal capacity of coconut shell extract added to biopolymer films. Conclusions: Active gelatin-carboxymethylcellulose films with antifungal activity were reported. The physical and structural properties of the films make them suitable for use as packaging material for fruit and vegetable products.
生物活性包装的配方代表了一种创新的替代方案,以控制影响食品保质期的微生物的发展。目的:研究椰壳提取物对明胶羧甲基纤维素生物聚合物薄膜理化性能和抗真菌性能的影响,以确定其作为果蔬制品包装材料的潜力。方法:用不同浓度的椰壳提取物制备明胶-羧甲基纤维素薄膜,测定其厚度、机械(穿刺力和拉伸强度)、物理(水蒸气渗透性)和微观结构性能、颜色、FTIR、UV透光率、不透明度和体外抗真菌活性。结果:观察到不同浓度提取物的机械、物理和显微结构性质的变化。随着提取物浓度的增加,其不透明度增大,透光率降低。在FTIR光谱中观察到生物聚合物与提取物组分之间的分子间相互作用。对黑曲霉和匍匐茎霉的生长均有抑制作用。本研究的局限性:椰子壳添加剂的效果仅适用于所使用的提取条件。原创性:没有研究支持椰子壳提取物添加到生物聚合物薄膜的抗真菌能力。结论:报道了具有抗真菌活性的明胶-羧甲基纤维素膜。薄膜的物理和结构特性使其适合用作水果和蔬菜制品的包装材料。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of a mathematical model to predict growth and nitrogen content in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions 温室条件下番茄生长和氮含量预测数学模型的评价
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.06.013
José A. Mancilla-Morales, Colegio de Postgraduados, M. Tornero-Campante, I. López-Cruz
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引用次数: 1
Modeling of soil water to ensure a suitable depth and spacing of subsurface drip irrigation for alfalfa 模拟土壤水分,确保苜蓿地下滴灌的合适深度和间距
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2018.02.002
R. Reyes-Esteves, D. Slack
{"title":"Modeling of soil water to ensure a suitable depth and spacing of subsurface drip irrigation for alfalfa","authors":"R. Reyes-Esteves, D. Slack","doi":"10.5154/r.inagbi.2018.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/r.inagbi.2018.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128706220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Agronomic behavior of piquin pepper ecotypes under photoselective covers 光选择覆盖下胡椒生态型的农艺行为
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.05.011
José Rafael Paredes-Jácome, R. Mendoza-Villarreal, M. A. Pérez-Rodríguez, V. Robledo-Torres, S. Moreno-Limón
{"title":"Agronomic behavior of piquin pepper ecotypes under photoselective covers","authors":"José Rafael Paredes-Jácome, R. Mendoza-Villarreal, M. A. Pérez-Rodríguez, V. Robledo-Torres, S. Moreno-Limón","doi":"10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.05.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":132972,"journal":{"name":"Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125651280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Analysis of the NASA-POWER system for estimating reference evapotranspiration in the Comarca Lagunera, Mexico NASA-POWER系统估算墨西哥Comarca Lagunera参考蒸散量的分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2021.03.050
Sergio Iván Jiménez-Jiménez, W. Ojeda-Bustamante, M. Inzunza-Ibarra, M. Marcial-Pablo
Introduction: The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM) is one of the most solid and commonly used methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo); however, it requires meteorological data that are not always available, so an alternative is the use of reanalysis data. Objective: To estimate the error that the NASA-POWER (NP) system data can generate in the ETo of the Comarca Lagunera, Mexico. Methodology: Daily and decadal average ETo were estimated in five different ways. In each case, a different method was used to estimate ETo (FAO-56 PM or Hargreaves and Samani [HS]) and a different meteorological data source (measured, NP data or combination of both). Results: NP data can be used to provide temperature, solar radiation and relative humidity variables, but not wind speed. The NP data overestimate the measured ETo, an RMSE of 1.15 and 0.89 mm∙d-1 was found for daily and decadal periods, respectively. Limitations of the study: A grid error analysis could not be carried out because the number of stations is limited. Originality: The use of reanalysis data to estimate ETo has not been analyzed locally. Conclusion: When measured data are not available, NP data and the HS equation can be used. When using the FAO-56 PM method and NP data, the in situ wind speed must be available.
FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM)是估算参考蒸散量(ETo)最可靠和最常用的方法之一;然而,它需要的气象数据并不总是可用的,因此另一种选择是使用再分析数据。目的:评估NASA-POWER (NP)系统数据在墨西哥Comarca Lagunera的ETo中可能产生的误差。方法:用五种不同的方法估计每日和十年平均ETo。在每种情况下,使用了不同的方法来估算ETo (FAO-56 PM或Hargreaves和Samani [HS])和不同的气象数据源(测量数据、NP数据或两者的组合)。结果:NP数据可以提供温度、太阳辐射和相对湿度变量,但不能提供风速。NP数据高估了测量到的ETo,日周期和年周期的RMSE分别为1.15和0.89 mm∙d-1。研究的局限性:由于台站数量有限,无法进行网格误差分析。原创性:使用再分析数据来估计ETo尚未在本地进行分析。结论:在没有实测数据的情况下,可以采用NP数据和HS方程。当使用FAO-56 PM方法和NP数据时,必须有现场风速。
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引用次数: 2
Regional management of the environment in a zenith greenhouse with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) 天顶温室环境的计算流体动力学(CFD)区域管理
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2018.04.007
Jorge Flores-Velázquez, Manuel Vega-García
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引用次数: 6
Hydrologic modeling to measure the impact of climate change in the Yaqui River basin 测量气候变化对雅岐河流域影响的水文模拟
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/r.inagbi.2021.02.040
Alejandro Cruz-González, I. Sánchez-Cohen, M. Macias-Corral, M. Velásquez-Valle, Trejo Ricardo Trejo-Calzada
Objective: To model and analyze the behavior of surface runoff in the Yaqui river basin under climate change scenarios. Methodology: Representative concentration pathways (RCP) of three sub-basins (La Angostura, El Novillo and El Oviachic) were shown using hydrologic modeling with SWAT, where the simulated variable was surface runoff. Results: A change in water availability of -67 % is expected in La Angostura for the period 2021-2040 (RCP2.6) and an increase of 60 % from 2041-2060 (RCP8.5), in El Novillo a decrease of 65 % is predicted for the period 2061-2080 (RCP4. 5) and a 42 % increase from 2061-2080 (RCP2.6), and in El Oviachic a 63 % decrease is predicted for the period 2041-2060 (RCP2.6 and 4.5) and a 47 % increase from 2041-2060 (RCP4.5). Limitations: Veracity and impact of basins studies depend on quality hydro-climatic information of unrestricted availability. Originality: The impact of climate change on the availability of water for agricultural use in the Yaqui River basin was projected. In addition, there is a technological platform for planning processes. Conclusions: The data collected can be used to generate adaptation and mitigation strategies for efficient water use in the basin and to propose long-term sustainable management alternatives.
目的:建立气候变化情景下雅岐河流域地表径流特征模型并进行分析。方法:利用SWAT水文模型显示了三个子流域(La Angostura、El Novillo和El Oviachic)的代表性浓度路径(RCP),其中模拟变量为地表径流。结果:La Angostura在2021-2040年期间(RCP2.6)的水可用性变化预计为- 67%,比2041-2060年增加60% (RCP8.5), El Novillo在2061-2080年期间预计减少65% (RCP4)。在El Oviachic,预计2041-2060年期间(RCP2.6和4.5)减少63%,2041-2060年期间(RCP4.5)增加47%。局限性:流域研究的准确性和影响取决于不受限制的高质量水文气候信息。独创性:预测了气候变化对雅桂河流域农业用水的影响。此外,还有一个规划过程的技术平台。结论:收集的数据可用于制定适应和减缓战略,以实现流域的高效用水,并提出长期可持续的管理替代方案。
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引用次数: 0
Nutrient balance in maize cropping systems and challenges for their sustainability 玉米种植系统的养分平衡及其可持续性挑战
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5154/R.INAGBI.2017.11.017
D. Flores-Sánchez, Colegio de Postgraduados, Hermilio Navarro-Garza, M. A. Pérez-Olvera
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas
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