Background: Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor in the urinary system, in which non muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is the most common. The recurrence rate of the patients after operation is high, which has a serious impact on the physical and mental health of the patients. Therefore, how to reduce the recurrence rate of NMIBC patients is the focus of clinical research. Objectives: To study the recurrent factor of NMIBC after surgery for promotion of therapeutic efficacy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of one hundred patients of carcinoma of urinary bladder were consecutively enrolled and data on gender, age, tumor stage, tumor grade, tumor size, tumor configuration, multiplicity, date of surgery, tumor histology, recurrence history, resident area, frequency of tumor recurrence, follow-up history as screening target to analyze by Cox proportional-risk model, and screen dependent factor which can be used to predict tumor recurrent risk after surgery. Results: Tumor size, tumor stage, tumor grade, frequency of tumor recurrence, multiplicity and history of regular follow-up are related to NMIBC recurrence after surgery. Conclusion: Aggregate analysis of these factors can evaluate recurrent risk of NMIBC and it is significant to the therapy of NMIBC.
{"title":"Clinical Research on the Postoperative Recurrence of Non Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer","authors":"Hui Xu, Chang-Li Xu, Jin-qi Song, Ya-nan Zhou","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25642","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor in the urinary system, in which non muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is the most common. The recurrence rate of the patients after operation is high, which has a serious impact on the physical and mental health of the patients. Therefore, how to reduce the recurrence rate of NMIBC patients is the focus of clinical research. \u0000Objectives: To study the recurrent factor of NMIBC after surgery for promotion of therapeutic efficacy. \u0000Methods: Retrospective analysis of one hundred patients of carcinoma of urinary bladder were consecutively enrolled and data on gender, age, tumor stage, tumor grade, tumor size, tumor configuration, multiplicity, date of surgery, tumor histology, recurrence history, resident area, frequency of tumor recurrence, follow-up history as screening target to analyze by Cox proportional-risk model, and screen dependent factor which can be used to predict tumor recurrent risk after surgery. \u0000Results: Tumor size, tumor stage, tumor grade, frequency of tumor recurrence, multiplicity and history of regular follow-up are related to NMIBC recurrence after surgery. \u0000Conclusion: Aggregate analysis of these factors can evaluate recurrent risk of NMIBC and it is significant to the therapy of NMIBC.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126048672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sharma, J. Pariyar, D. Misra, S. Mehta, S. Panthee
Introduction: Gynecological malignancies in pediatric and adolescent group are common. Germ cell tumors and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia are the most frequently found malignancies which are highly chemosensitive. With prompt and appropriate treatment higher cure rate is attainable in such malignancies even in resource constraints country like Nepal. Objective: To study the clinicopathological profile and treatment outcome of gynecological malignancies among pediatric and adolescent group seeking treatment at B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital (BPKMCH), Nepal. Methodology: Descriptive study was done at BPKMCH Nepal. All available case records of pediatric and adolescent girls diagnosed to have gynecological malignancies from 2002 to 2011 were collected and analyzed in terms of age, clinical features, malignancy types, treatment modalities and outcome. Results: Total 60 girls were eligible for the study. There were five patients (8.3%) below five years, 14 (23.3%) between 6-12 years and 41 (68.4%) patients between 13-19 years. Gynecological malignancies observed among the study group were: ovarian cancer in 46 (76.66%), gestational trophoblastic disease in 11 (18.33%), uterine cancer in two (3.33%) and vaginal cancer in one (1.66%). Among the ovarian cancers, 42 had malignant germ cell cancer (91.3%), three had epithelial ovarian cancer (6.5%) and one had juvenile granulose cell tumor. The commonest presentation was abdominal distension and pain in 70%. Onset of symptoms ranged from three days to 730 days (mean 95 days). Early stage disease was noted in 18 (30%) and advanced disease in 42 (70%). Eight (13.33%) underwent fertility sparing surgery only, 21(35%) underwent chemotherapy only and 31(51.66%) underwent multimodality treatment. Twenty (33.33%) defaulted and 40 (66.66%) completed treatment among which progressive disease and mortality was recorded in seven (17.5%) patients and 33 (82.5%) attended cure. Conclusion: Malignant germ cell cancer is the commonest gynecologic malignancy among pediatric and adolescent girls. In country where childhood marriage is still prevalent, GTT is also more common among adolescent girls. Early presentation and prompt appropriate treatment would offer chances of cure even with preservation of fertility.
{"title":"Gynecological malignancies in pediatric and adolescent group: a ten year experience in a national cancer center of Nepal","authors":"K. Sharma, J. Pariyar, D. Misra, S. Mehta, S. Panthee","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25659","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gynecological malignancies in pediatric and adolescent group are common. Germ cell tumors and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia are the most frequently found malignancies which are highly chemosensitive. With prompt and appropriate treatment higher cure rate is attainable in such malignancies even in resource constraints country like Nepal. \u0000Objective: To study the clinicopathological profile and treatment outcome of gynecological malignancies among pediatric and adolescent group seeking treatment at B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital (BPKMCH), Nepal. \u0000Methodology: Descriptive study was done at BPKMCH Nepal. All available case records of pediatric and adolescent girls diagnosed to have gynecological malignancies from 2002 to 2011 were collected and analyzed in terms of age, clinical features, malignancy types, treatment modalities and outcome. \u0000Results: Total 60 girls were eligible for the study. There were five patients (8.3%) below five years, 14 (23.3%) between 6-12 years and 41 (68.4%) patients between 13-19 years. Gynecological malignancies observed among the study group were: ovarian cancer in 46 (76.66%), gestational trophoblastic disease in 11 (18.33%), uterine cancer in two (3.33%) and vaginal cancer in one (1.66%). Among the ovarian cancers, 42 had malignant germ cell cancer (91.3%), three had epithelial ovarian cancer (6.5%) and one had juvenile granulose cell tumor. The commonest presentation was abdominal distension and pain in 70%. Onset of symptoms ranged from three days to 730 days (mean 95 days). Early stage disease was noted in 18 (30%) and advanced disease in 42 (70%). Eight (13.33%) underwent fertility sparing surgery only, 21(35%) underwent chemotherapy only and 31(51.66%) underwent multimodality treatment. Twenty (33.33%) defaulted and 40 (66.66%) completed treatment among which progressive disease and mortality was recorded in seven (17.5%) patients and 33 (82.5%) attended cure. \u0000Conclusion: Malignant germ cell cancer is the commonest gynecologic malignancy among pediatric and adolescent girls. In country where childhood marriage is still prevalent, GTT is also more common among adolescent girls. Early presentation and prompt appropriate treatment would offer chances of cure even with preservation of fertility.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"128 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130009173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thakur Binay, Devkota Mukti, K. Krishna, Sapkota Bishal
Purpose: The study was conducted to compare the analgesic and adverse effect profiles of intravenous infusion of Tramadol and Diclofenac in post-operative pain management. Method: Cancer patients undergoing major surgery were prospectively randomized into two groups of 35 and was entered into single blinded clinical trial. Patients in each arm received either Tramadol (Gr A) or Diclofenac Infusion (Voveran®) (Gr B) for first 48 hours after surgery. Pain intensity was measured based on a 10 point Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). VRS was obtained at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 hrs post-operatively. Result: The mean age was 56.3 and 49.5 years in Gr A and B, respectively (p=.056). Mean length of incision was 16.46 cm and 18.23 cm in Gr A and B, respectively (p=.1). On 0 post-operative day, 14 patients in Gr A and 6 patients in Gr B required accessory analgesics (p=.18). On 1st post-operative day, 2 patients in Gr A and 1 patient in Gr B required accessory analgesics (p=.6). One patient on Tramadol group had nausea post-operatively. Average cost was 471.73 and 227.80 Nepali rupees in Gr A and Gr B, respectively (p=.032). Conclusion: Intravenous infusion of Diclofenac should be considered as a safe and cheaper alternative to Tramadol infusion for pain management after major surgical oncological procedures.
目的:比较静脉滴注曲马多和双氯芬酸在术后疼痛治疗中的镇痛作用和不良反应。方法:将接受重大手术的肿瘤患者前瞻性随机分为两组，每组35例，进行单盲临床试验。每组患者在术后48小时内接受曲马多(Gr A)或双氯芬酸输注(Voveran®)(Gr B)。疼痛强度根据10分口头评定量表(VRS)进行测量。分别于术后6、12、18、24、30、36、42、48小时采集VRS。结果:A组平均年龄56.3岁，B组平均年龄49.5岁(p= 0.056)。A组和B组的平均切口长度分别为16.46 cm和18.23 cm (p= 0.1)。术后第0天，A组14例，B组6例需要辅助镇痛(p= 0.18)。术后第1天，2例A组患者和1例B组患者需要辅助镇痛(p=.6)。曲马多组术后出现恶心1例。A区和B区平均成本分别为471.73和227.80尼泊尔卢比(p= 0.032)。结论:静脉输注双氯芬酸应被视为一种安全、廉价的替代曲马多输注治疗重大肿瘤手术后疼痛的方法。
{"title":"Intravenous Diclofenac vs. Tramadol infusion for Post-operative Pain Management: A Randomized Trial","authors":"Thakur Binay, Devkota Mukti, K. Krishna, Sapkota Bishal","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25649","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study was conducted to compare the analgesic and adverse effect profiles of intravenous infusion of Tramadol and Diclofenac in post-operative pain management. \u0000Method: Cancer patients undergoing major surgery were prospectively randomized into two groups of 35 and was entered into single blinded clinical trial. Patients in each arm received either Tramadol (Gr A) or Diclofenac Infusion (Voveran®) (Gr B) for first 48 hours after surgery. Pain intensity was measured based on a 10 point Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). VRS was obtained at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 hrs post-operatively. \u0000Result: The mean age was 56.3 and 49.5 years in Gr A and B, respectively (p=.056). Mean length of incision was 16.46 cm and 18.23 cm in Gr A and B, respectively (p=.1). On 0 post-operative day, 14 patients in Gr A and 6 patients in Gr B required accessory analgesics (p=.18). On 1st post-operative day, 2 patients in Gr A and 1 patient in Gr B required accessory analgesics (p=.6). One patient on Tramadol group had nausea post-operatively. Average cost was 471.73 and 227.80 Nepali rupees in Gr A and Gr B, respectively (p=.032). \u0000Conclusion: Intravenous infusion of Diclofenac should be considered as a safe and cheaper alternative to Tramadol infusion for pain management after major surgical oncological procedures.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128194225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Sapkota, D. K. Mallik, A. Sapkota, Sunil Dhakal, Roshan Mishra
Background: GB carcinoma is rare cancer worldwide, but is sixth most common cancer among females in Nepal. Burden of GB carcinoma has geographical and ethnic variation. This study mainly focuses on geographical distribution of GB carcinoma, among Nepalese patients visiting BPKMCH. Methods and materials: We conducted a retrospective study approved by Department of GI Surgery, BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal. Datas were collected from Jan 1,2107 to 31st Dec 2017 from medical record sections. Analysis was completed using SPSS. Results: A total number of 340 patients were recorded, comprising 220 patients with malignancy and 115 patients with benign lesions, and remaining 5 patients files could not be traced. Among malignant patients 158 were female, and 62 were male, with male to female ratio (M: F) of 1:2.5. In malignant group, patients from terai were 70%, hilly and Himalayan region were 30%. Conclusion: The data provides clue on burden of GB carcinoma being relatively high in female, and terai region of Nepal.
{"title":"Burden of GB Carcinoma among people from Terai, and Hill/ Himalayan regions of Nepal","authors":"G. Sapkota, D. K. Mallik, A. Sapkota, Sunil Dhakal, Roshan Mishra","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25645","url":null,"abstract":"Background: GB carcinoma is rare cancer worldwide, but is sixth most common cancer among females in Nepal. Burden of GB carcinoma has geographical and ethnic variation. This study mainly focuses on geographical distribution of GB carcinoma, among Nepalese patients visiting BPKMCH. \u0000Methods and materials: We conducted a retrospective study approved by Department of GI Surgery, BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal. Datas were collected from Jan 1,2107 to 31st Dec 2017 from medical record sections. Analysis was completed using SPSS. \u0000Results: A total number of 340 patients were recorded, comprising 220 patients with malignancy and 115 patients with benign lesions, and remaining 5 patients files could not be traced. Among malignant patients 158 were female, and 62 were male, with male to female ratio (M: F) of 1:2.5. In malignant group, patients from terai were 70%, hilly and Himalayan region were 30%. \u0000Conclusion: The data provides clue on burden of GB carcinoma being relatively high in female, and terai region of Nepal.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132290847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the advancement of technology, the inguinal lymph node dissection for penile cancer has developed rapidly. In this paper, the literature published and indexed on CNKI was searched in the past 10 years. The current status of inguinal lymph node dissection for penile cancer was described in terms of surgical trends, timing of surgery, surgical methods, and surgical decision-making.
{"title":"The current status of inguinal lymph node dissection for penile cancer in P R of China","authors":"Jiang-Ping Du, N. Lamichhane","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25658","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancement of technology, the inguinal lymph node dissection for penile cancer has developed rapidly. In this paper, the literature published and indexed on CNKI was searched in the past 10 years. The current status of inguinal lymph node dissection for penile cancer was described in terms of surgical trends, timing of surgery, surgical methods, and surgical decision-making.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114793862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gastric cancer is endemic in China, Japan, Korea, Brazil and Former Soviet Union. Patients are diagnosed usually in locally advanced stage. Endoscopy, PET-CT, Endoscopic ultrasound and staging laparoscopy are the tools for proper evaluation of such patients. Locally advanced gastric cancer (T2-4N0 or T any N+) requires multimodality treatment including surgery. Surgical strategy requires gastrectomy with D2 nodal dissection.
{"title":"Surgical strategy for locally advanced gastric cancer","authors":"Thakur Binay, Devkota Mukti, Bishal Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25643","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric cancer is endemic in China, Japan, Korea, Brazil and Former Soviet Union. Patients are diagnosed usually in locally advanced stage. Endoscopy, PET-CT, Endoscopic ultrasound and staging laparoscopy are the tools for proper evaluation of such patients. Locally advanced gastric cancer (T2-4N0 or T any N+) requires multimodality treatment including surgery. Surgical strategy requires gastrectomy with D2 nodal dissection.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133468603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Pariyar, B. Shrestha, Bc Acharya, K. Sharma, J. Shrestha, S. Shrestha, S. Sundas, S. Panthee
Abstract: Leukaemia during pregnancy is rare, occurring approximately one in every 75,000 to 100,000 pregnancies annually. Chemotherapeutic agents may have harmful effects to the developing baby though leukaemia itself rarely harms the baby. There is no evidence that pregnancy accelerates the progression of disease or affects the outcome. However, treatment dilemmas often occur. Aims: To study the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of leukaemia with pregnancy managed at B. P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital (BPKMCH). Methods: Descriptive study was conducted at BPKMCH. Case records of women with cancer and pregnancy from January 2006 to February 2013 were analyzed regarding their clinical details, treatment, follow-up and feto-maternal outcome. Results: Six women, of 20 to 28 years had leukaemia with pregnancy among which four were chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), one was acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) each. All four cases of CML had conceived while on oral Imatinib; the three case diagnosed in the first trimester opted for immediate termination of pregnancy while the fourth one diagnosed at 22 weeks of pregnancy continued pregnancy and delivered at 34 weeks by emergency caesarean section for severe oligohydramnios. The ALL case diagnosed at 26 weeks of pregnancy wanted termination of pregnancy and immediate induction chemotherapy. The AML case diagnosed at 32 weeks of pregnancy desired to undergo induction chemotherapy with pregnancy but she defaulted treatment and had intrauterine fetal death and died due to postpartum haemorrhage. The baby, delivered to a mother exposed to Imatinib throughout pregnancy, till date has normal growth and development. Five mothers are in remission. Conclusions: Leukaemia with pregnancy, more common in younger women is rare and posed treatment challenges. Definitive treatment should be individualized according to the desire of the pregnant woman and should include a multi- disciplinary team. Termination of pregnancy in favour of definitive chemotherapy to mother is better and easier during the first trimester of pregnancy. Because of teratogenic effects of chemotherapy, effective contraception be used during therapy to prevent pregnancy.
{"title":"Leukaemia with pregnancy managed at B. P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital","authors":"J. Pariyar, B. Shrestha, Bc Acharya, K. Sharma, J. Shrestha, S. Shrestha, S. Sundas, S. Panthee","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25661","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Leukaemia during pregnancy is rare, occurring approximately one in every 75,000 to 100,000 pregnancies annually. Chemotherapeutic agents may have harmful effects to the developing baby though leukaemia itself rarely harms the baby. There is no evidence that pregnancy accelerates the progression of disease or affects the outcome. However, treatment dilemmas often occur. \u0000Aims: To study the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of leukaemia with pregnancy managed at B. P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital (BPKMCH). \u0000Methods: Descriptive study was conducted at BPKMCH. Case records of women with cancer and pregnancy from January 2006 to February 2013 were analyzed regarding their clinical details, treatment, follow-up and feto-maternal outcome. \u0000Results: Six women, of 20 to 28 years had leukaemia with pregnancy among which four were chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), one was acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) each. All four cases of CML had conceived while on oral Imatinib; the three case diagnosed in the first trimester opted for immediate termination of pregnancy while the fourth one diagnosed at 22 weeks of pregnancy continued pregnancy and delivered at 34 weeks by emergency caesarean section for severe oligohydramnios. The ALL case diagnosed at 26 weeks of pregnancy wanted termination of pregnancy and immediate induction chemotherapy. The AML case diagnosed at 32 weeks of pregnancy desired to undergo induction chemotherapy with pregnancy but she defaulted treatment and had intrauterine fetal death and died due to postpartum haemorrhage. The baby, delivered to a mother exposed to Imatinib throughout pregnancy, till date has normal growth and development. Five mothers are in remission. \u0000Conclusions: Leukaemia with pregnancy, more common in younger women is rare and posed treatment challenges. Definitive treatment should be individualized according to the desire of the pregnant woman and should include a multi- disciplinary team. Termination of pregnancy in favour of definitive chemotherapy to mother is better and easier during the first trimester of pregnancy. Because of teratogenic effects of chemotherapy, effective contraception be used during therapy to prevent pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127201016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cb Pun, S. Shrestha, R. Bhatta, G. Pandey, S. Uprety, S. Bastakoti, I. Bhattarai, Zhigang Miao, Chenpeng Wu
Background and Objective: Liquid based cytology was introduced at B P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal, on 29th November 2017. The objective of this study was to compare the results of conventional pap smears over six (6) months periods from 29th May 2017 to 28th November 2017 with the results of liquid based cytology smears over six (6) months periods from 29th November 2017 to 28th May 2018. Methods: This is retrospective study. The results of conventional pap smears over 6 months and the results of liquid based cytology smears over 6 months periods were retrieved and analysed to give overall reporting profiles and compared between the two methods. Results: The percentage of unsatisfactory smears fell 3.9% by conventional pap smears methods where as the percentage of unsatisfactory smears fell 1.2% by liquid based cytology smears. There was an increase in the number of smears reported as dyskaryosis of any grade by liquid based cytology methods. Conclusion: The introduction of liquid based cytology led to improvements in unsatisfactory smear rates and also with significant pick up rates of dyskaryosis were maintained and improved.
{"title":"Comparative analysis between Liquid Based Cytology and Conventional Pap Smears at B P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal","authors":"Cb Pun, S. Shrestha, R. Bhatta, G. Pandey, S. Uprety, S. Bastakoti, I. Bhattarai, Zhigang Miao, Chenpeng Wu","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25660","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Liquid based cytology was introduced at B P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal, on 29th November 2017. The objective of this study was to compare the results of conventional pap smears over six (6) months periods from 29th May 2017 to 28th November 2017 with the results of liquid based cytology smears over six (6) months periods from 29th November 2017 to 28th May 2018. \u0000Methods: This is retrospective study. The results of conventional pap smears over 6 months and the results of liquid based cytology smears over 6 months periods were retrieved and analysed to give overall reporting profiles and compared between the two methods. \u0000Results: The percentage of unsatisfactory smears fell 3.9% by conventional pap smears methods where as the percentage of unsatisfactory smears fell 1.2% by liquid based cytology smears. There was an increase in the number of smears reported as dyskaryosis of any grade by liquid based cytology methods. \u0000Conclusion: The introduction of liquid based cytology led to improvements in unsatisfactory smear rates and also with significant pick up rates of dyskaryosis were maintained and improved.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117280731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Wagle, Yogesh Regmi, S. Shrestha, P. Thapa, Suraj VishowKarma, M. Mandal, Sujan Kandel, Sumit Singh, Deepak Mauni, D. Khanal
Background: Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is associated with significant post-operative pain. Intravenous (iv) paracetamol provides pain relief in most patients who have undergone MRM. It has been observed from previous studies conducted on patients undergoing other surgeries like abdominal surgeries that the analgesic efficacy of iv paracetamol improves when used Pre-emptively. There are no studies done previously on use of iv paracetamol Pre-emptively in MRM. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the post-operative analgesic effects of Pre-emptive intravenous (iv) paracetamol in MRM. Materials and Methods: Following institutional ethics committee approval, fourty American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status I-II patients were assigned in a randomized manner into two groups: Group I received iv paracetamol 1g, in 100mL, 15 minutes before induction and Group II received iv paracetamol 1g, in 100 mL, at the end of the surgery. The time to first analgesic use and the total analgesic consumed in 24 hours was recorded. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores were obtained from all patients at 0, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the end of the Surgery. Results: Time to first analgesic requirement was significantly longer in Group I compared to Group II (p = 0.0329). Rescue analgesic consumption and post-operative VAS pain scores recorded were significantly lower in Group I compared to Group II (p < 0.05) until 24 after surgery. Conclusion: Pre-emptive iv paracetamol in comparison to intra- operative paracetamol, provided effective and reliable post- operative analgesia after modified radical mastectomy.
{"title":"Pre-Emptive Analgesic Effect of Intravenous Paracetamol in Modified radical mastectomy","authors":"B. Wagle, Yogesh Regmi, S. Shrestha, P. Thapa, Suraj VishowKarma, M. Mandal, Sujan Kandel, Sumit Singh, Deepak Mauni, D. Khanal","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25646","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is associated with significant post-operative pain. Intravenous (iv) paracetamol provides pain relief in most patients who have undergone MRM. It has been observed from previous studies conducted on patients undergoing other surgeries like abdominal surgeries that the analgesic efficacy of iv paracetamol improves when used Pre-emptively. There are no studies done previously on use of iv paracetamol Pre-emptively in MRM. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the post-operative analgesic effects of Pre-emptive intravenous (iv) paracetamol in MRM. \u0000Materials and Methods: Following institutional ethics committee approval, fourty American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status I-II patients were assigned in a randomized manner into two groups: Group I received iv paracetamol 1g, in 100mL, 15 minutes before induction and Group II received iv paracetamol 1g, in 100 mL, at the end of the surgery. The time to first analgesic use and the total analgesic consumed in 24 hours was recorded. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores were obtained from all patients at 0, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the end of the Surgery. \u0000Results: Time to first analgesic requirement was significantly longer in Group I compared to Group II (p = 0.0329). Rescue analgesic consumption and post-operative VAS pain scores recorded were significantly lower in Group I compared to Group II (p < 0.05) until 24 after surgery. \u0000Conclusion: Pre-emptive iv paracetamol in comparison to intra- operative paracetamol, provided effective and reliable post- operative analgesia after modified radical mastectomy.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114734136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. K. Mallik, Wei Hong, Wei Zhu, G. Wei, Lei Shen, Fu Hu Guang, G. Sapkota
Objective: The study in this part was to evaluate the diagnostic value of Breast Specific Gamma Imaging (BSGI) by semi-quantitative method for detection of breast cancer. Methods: 400 patients with indeterminate breast tumors that underwent BSGI were enrolled in this study. All included lesions were confirmed by postoperative pathology. BSGI evaluation was based on the visual interpretation and semi-quantitative parameters of the higher tumor to non-lesion (T/N) value of CC and MLO. Compared with pathological results, the optimal visual analysis and the value of T/N were calculated through ROC curve analysis. Independent t-test and Pearson linear correlation were applied for statistical analysis. Results: Tumor to non-lesion (T/N) ratio was available for 279 out of 400 patients. This population comprised 203 patients with malignant and 74 patients with benign lesion. ROC analysis showed critical value of T/N= 1.91, AUC is 0.83 (standard error=0.014, 95% confidence interval); BSGI sensitivity is 83.71% and specificity is 76%. T/N ratio for invasive and non-invasive cancers are 2.70± 0.88, and 2.09±0.44 respectively; the difference between two have statistical significance (t=3.32, P=0.001). Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) grade I, grade II, and grade III have T/N ratio of 2.33±0.94, 2.38±0.80, 2.89±0.89 respectively. The T/N differences between grade I and grade II have no statistical significance (t=0.12, P=0.89). The T/N differences between grade I and grade III have no statistical significance (t=1.56, P=0.12). The T/N differences between grade II and grade III have statistical significance (t=3.69, P<0.001). T/N value for tumor size <1cm and >1cm were 1.97±0.79 and 2.46±0.88 respectively; the difference between two have statistical significance (t=3.27, P=0.001). Conclusion: The semi-quantitative index of T/N correlates with clinico-pathological characteristics of tumor like: size, grade, and invasiveness of breast cancer, and at certain level can be helpful to determine patient’s prognosis.
{"title":"Diagnostic value of Breast Specific Gamma Imaging with semiquantitative index (T/N) in Breast Cancer Diagnosis","authors":"D. K. Mallik, Wei Hong, Wei Zhu, G. Wei, Lei Shen, Fu Hu Guang, G. Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/njc.v2i1.25648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25648","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study in this part was to evaluate the diagnostic value of Breast Specific Gamma Imaging (BSGI) by semi-quantitative method for detection of breast cancer. \u0000Methods: 400 patients with indeterminate breast tumors that underwent BSGI were enrolled in this study. All included lesions were confirmed by postoperative pathology. BSGI evaluation was based on the visual interpretation and semi-quantitative parameters of the higher tumor to non-lesion (T/N) value of CC and MLO. Compared with pathological results, the optimal visual analysis and the value of T/N were calculated through ROC curve analysis. Independent t-test and Pearson linear correlation were applied for statistical analysis. \u0000Results: Tumor to non-lesion (T/N) ratio was available for 279 out of 400 patients. This population comprised 203 patients with malignant and 74 patients with benign lesion. ROC analysis showed critical value of T/N= 1.91, AUC is 0.83 (standard error=0.014, 95% confidence interval); BSGI sensitivity is 83.71% and specificity is 76%. T/N ratio for invasive and non-invasive cancers are 2.70± 0.88, and 2.09±0.44 respectively; the difference between two have statistical significance (t=3.32, P=0.001). Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) grade I, grade II, and grade III have T/N ratio of 2.33±0.94, 2.38±0.80, 2.89±0.89 respectively. The T/N differences between grade I and grade II have no statistical significance (t=0.12, P=0.89). The T/N differences between grade I and grade III have no statistical significance (t=1.56, P=0.12). The T/N differences between grade II and grade III have statistical significance (t=3.69, P<0.001). T/N value for tumor size <1cm and >1cm were 1.97±0.79 and 2.46±0.88 respectively; the difference between two have statistical significance (t=3.27, P=0.001). \u0000Conclusion: The semi-quantitative index of T/N correlates with clinico-pathological characteristics of tumor like: size, grade, and invasiveness of breast cancer, and at certain level can be helpful to determine patient’s prognosis.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126163675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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