Manju Pandey, H. Subedi, Nirmal Lamichhane, Greta Pandey, Binuma Shrestha
Gonadal dysgenesis includes variety of clinical condition due to abnormalities of sex chromosomes. The most frequent of this condition is Turner’s syndrome, affecting 1 in every 2000 to 2500 live births. Gonadoblastoma is a benign lesion mostly detected in individuals with dysgenetic gonads with Y chromosome and has potential for malignant transformation; or may be associated with malignant germ cell tumors, most commonly dysgerminoma or occasionally immature teratoma, endodermal sinus tumor, embryonal carcinoma, or choriocarcinoma. We report a 22-year-old girl with primary amenorrhea and physical stigmas of Turner’s syndrome presented with huge abdominopelvic mass and abdominal pain. She underwent laparotomy with TAH with BSO with appendectomy with omentectomy with resection of portion of terminal ileum with ileoileal anastomosis with resection of sigmoid colon with colorectal anastomosis and right pelvic lymph node dissection. Patient had anastomotic site leak with sepsis with multi organ dysfunction syndrome and could not be revived. Final histopathology was consistent with endodermal sinus tumor in right ovary and gonadoblastoma in left ovary. Her karyotype analysis revealed 45, X0. Endodermal sinus tumor is a highly malignant gem cell tumor with poor prognosis. Gonadoblastoma associated with endodermal sinus tumor in Turner’s syndrome is very rare and challenging for the clinical management.
{"title":"Right ovarian Endodermal sinus tumor and left ovarian Gonadoblastoma in a young female of Turner’s syndrome: a case report.","authors":"Manju Pandey, H. Subedi, Nirmal Lamichhane, Greta Pandey, Binuma Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.60283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.60283","url":null,"abstract":"Gonadal dysgenesis includes variety of clinical condition due to abnormalities of sex chromosomes. The most frequent of this condition is Turner’s syndrome, affecting 1 in every 2000 to 2500 live births. Gonadoblastoma is a benign lesion mostly detected in individuals with dysgenetic gonads with Y chromosome and has potential for malignant transformation; or may be associated with malignant germ cell tumors, most commonly dysgerminoma or occasionally immature teratoma, endodermal sinus tumor, embryonal carcinoma, or choriocarcinoma. We report a 22-year-old girl with primary amenorrhea and physical stigmas of Turner’s syndrome presented with huge abdominopelvic mass and abdominal pain. She underwent laparotomy with TAH with BSO with appendectomy with omentectomy with resection of portion of terminal ileum with ileoileal anastomosis with resection of sigmoid colon with colorectal anastomosis and right pelvic lymph node dissection. Patient had anastomotic site leak with sepsis with multi organ dysfunction syndrome and could not be revived. Final histopathology was consistent with endodermal sinus tumor in right ovary and gonadoblastoma in left ovary. Her karyotype analysis revealed 45, X0. Endodermal sinus tumor is a highly malignant gem cell tumor with poor prognosis. Gonadoblastoma associated with endodermal sinus tumor in Turner’s syndrome is very rare and challenging for the clinical management.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139207367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Panday, Sandip Kumar Mandal, Suman Gnawali, Nitu Sharma, G. D. Adhikari, Ajay Kumar Yadav
Objective:To evaluate the role of bronchial artery MDCTA in bronchial artery embolization in the treatment of haemoptysis patients. Methods: 46 patients treated with bronchial artery embolization for haemoptysis was included in the study at 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University. They were classified into 2 groups, Group A-Preoperative CTA and Group B -Simple DSA. Group A (n=28) is those with preoperative CTA examination performed, while group B (n=18) is those who performed DSA directly without preoperative CTA. The results of CTA and DSA, technical and clinical outcome compared and analyzed. Results: 48 bleeding arteries were identified in group A while 24 bleeding arteries were identified in group B. These arteries were embolized successfully. In the group A total fluoroscopy time, total operative time, and contrast dose were shorter than group B respectively (8.42± 2.82; 28.34± 5.61; 27.86± 6.42 VS. 18.46± 10.34; 40.27±16.32; 62.59±19.48). Conclusion: Bronchial artery CTA can objectively evaluate haemoptysis associated with vascular origin, number and its shape and it can reduce the operative time and reduce the radiation exposure to doctors and patients too, it increase the success rate of haemoptysis interventional therapy guidance has wide clinical application value
{"title":"Role of MDCTA in Bronchial Artery Embolization in patients with Hemoptysis","authors":"S. Panday, Sandip Kumar Mandal, Suman Gnawali, Nitu Sharma, G. D. Adhikari, Ajay Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.60027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.60027","url":null,"abstract":"Objective:To evaluate the role of bronchial artery MDCTA in bronchial artery embolization in the treatment of haemoptysis patients. Methods: 46 patients treated with bronchial artery embolization for haemoptysis was included in the study at 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University. They were classified into 2 groups, Group A-Preoperative CTA and Group B -Simple DSA. Group A (n=28) is those with preoperative CTA examination performed, while group B (n=18) is those who performed DSA directly without preoperative CTA. The results of CTA and DSA, technical and clinical outcome compared and analyzed. Results: 48 bleeding arteries were identified in group A while 24 bleeding arteries were identified in group B. These arteries were embolized successfully. In the group A total fluoroscopy time, total operative time, and contrast dose were shorter than group B respectively (8.42± 2.82; 28.34± 5.61; 27.86± 6.42 VS. 18.46± 10.34; 40.27±16.32; 62.59±19.48). Conclusion: Bronchial artery CTA can objectively evaluate haemoptysis associated with vascular origin, number and its shape and it can reduce the operative time and reduce the radiation exposure to doctors and patients too, it increase the success rate of haemoptysis interventional therapy guidance has wide clinical application value","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139227894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gastric sarcoma is rare, accounting for 1-3% of all gastric neoplasms. WHO has published a new classification of soft tissue tumors and a group of undifferentiated round cell sarcomas, including CIC-rearranged sarcoma has been added. CIC-rearranged sarcoma has not been reported till date. We report a case of CIC-rearranged gastric sarcoma which was managed with chemotherapy and multivisceral resection.
{"title":"Primary CIC-rearranged Gastric sarcoma: A rare diagnosis","authors":"Saroj Dhungana, Binay Thakur, Nikesh Bhandari, Shashank Shrestha, Ashish Kharel, Deewash Neupane","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.60021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.60021","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric sarcoma is rare, accounting for 1-3% of all gastric neoplasms. WHO has published a new classification of soft tissue tumors and a group of undifferentiated round cell sarcomas, including CIC-rearranged sarcoma has been added. CIC-rearranged sarcoma has not been reported till date. We report a case of CIC-rearranged gastric sarcoma which was managed with chemotherapy and multivisceral resection.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139222883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are significant complications following abdominal cancer surgery, resulting in patient discomfort, prolonged hospitalization, and increased healthcare costs. Despite efforts to mitigate their occurrence, SSIs remain a challenge in healthcare settings, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, microbiological patterns, and impact of SSIs in patients undergoing open abdominal cancer surgery at a tertiary cancer hospital in Nepal. Results: A total of 206 patients were included in the study, with an SSI incidence of 35.4%. Superficial SSIs accounted for 87.7% of cases, while 12.2% were deep or organ/space infections. The study explored various risk factors, including patient demographics, wound classification, surgical type, and preoperative conditions, and although certain factors showed associations, none reached statistical significance. Notably, longer surgical duration was linked to a higher risk of SSIs. Patients with SSIs experienced significantly longer hospital stays compared to those without SSIs. The predominant pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Citrobacter freundii, many of which displayed multidrug resistance. Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for tailored prevention strategies, prudent antibiotic use, and enhanced infection control measures in this high-risk population undergoing abdominal cancer surgery.
{"title":"Surgical site infection following abdominal cancer surgery: a retrospective study in a tertiary care cancer hospital","authors":"Shashank Shrestha, Binay Thakur, Ming Yang, Zhenpin Sun, Ashish Kharel, Deewash Neupane","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.60022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.60022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are significant complications following abdominal cancer surgery, resulting in patient discomfort, prolonged hospitalization, and increased healthcare costs. Despite efforts to mitigate their occurrence, SSIs remain a challenge in healthcare settings, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, microbiological patterns, and impact of SSIs in patients undergoing open abdominal cancer surgery at a tertiary cancer hospital in Nepal. Results: A total of 206 patients were included in the study, with an SSI incidence of 35.4%. Superficial SSIs accounted for 87.7% of cases, while 12.2% were deep or organ/space infections. The study explored various risk factors, including patient demographics, wound classification, surgical type, and preoperative conditions, and although certain factors showed associations, none reached statistical significance. Notably, longer surgical duration was linked to a higher risk of SSIs. Patients with SSIs experienced significantly longer hospital stays compared to those without SSIs. The predominant pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Citrobacter freundii, many of which displayed multidrug resistance. Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for tailored prevention strategies, prudent antibiotic use, and enhanced infection control measures in this high-risk population undergoing abdominal cancer surgery.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139221788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deep Lamichhane, Suraj Suwal, Resham Rana, Rishikesh Narayan Shrestha
Background: De-functioning ileostomy (DS) has been shown to reduce rate of anastomotic leak after left colon and rectal cancer resection and can avoid consequences of leak with its morbidity and possible mortality. Externalisation of bowel is not easily appreciated; patients always inquire about the timing of closure and not all stomas are closed. The aim of the study is to assess the timing of stoma closure and the reasons for stoma becoming permanent. Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for left colon and rectal cancer with de-functioning stoma from April 2019 to May 2022 in single unit of Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, were assessed regarding timing of stoma closure. We have made a policy of stoma closure after completion of adjuvant therapy. De-functioning stoma that was not reversed at follow up were assessed regarding reason for it becoming permanent. Results: Forty-two patients underwent de-functioning stoma during the study period; 30 after rectal resection, 2 after pouch creation, 6 after anterior resection and 4 after left hemicolectomy. Twenty-eight (77%) stomas were closed, 5 are receiving adjuvant treatment. Closure was not done in 8 patients; 5 due to recurrence of disease; 1 due to patient wish, 2 deaths occurred prior to closure, one due to COVID-19 and another due to acute myocardial infraction. One patient with multiorgan resection died within 30 days of surgery due to other medical cause. The median time of stoma closure after completion of adjuvant treatment is 8 weeks, IQR (7-10). Patients had to stay with stoma for a median period of 6months, IQR (5-8). The median time for discharge after stoma reversal is 9 days, IQR (7-10). There were 4 Grade II Clavien-Dindo complications after stoma closure. Conclusion: Seventy- seven percent of patients with DS underwent closure in our series. Recurrence was the most common cause for it becoming permanent.
{"title":"Fate of de-functioning ileostomy after left colon and rectal cancer resection: observation from a single unit of a cancer hospital.","authors":"Deep Lamichhane, Suraj Suwal, Resham Rana, Rishikesh Narayan Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.60156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.60156","url":null,"abstract":"Background: De-functioning ileostomy (DS) has been shown to reduce rate of anastomotic leak after left colon and rectal cancer resection and can avoid consequences of leak with its morbidity and possible mortality. Externalisation of bowel is not easily appreciated; patients always inquire about the timing of closure and not all stomas are closed. The aim of the study is to assess the timing of stoma closure and the reasons for stoma becoming permanent. Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for left colon and rectal cancer with de-functioning stoma from April 2019 to May 2022 in single unit of Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, were assessed regarding timing of stoma closure. We have made a policy of stoma closure after completion of adjuvant therapy. De-functioning stoma that was not reversed at follow up were assessed regarding reason for it becoming permanent. Results: Forty-two patients underwent de-functioning stoma during the study period; 30 after rectal resection, 2 after pouch creation, 6 after anterior resection and 4 after left hemicolectomy. Twenty-eight (77%) stomas were closed, 5 are receiving adjuvant treatment. Closure was not done in 8 patients; 5 due to recurrence of disease; 1 due to patient wish, 2 deaths occurred prior to closure, one due to COVID-19 and another due to acute myocardial infraction. One patient with multiorgan resection died within 30 days of surgery due to other medical cause. The median time of stoma closure after completion of adjuvant treatment is 8 weeks, IQR (7-10). Patients had to stay with stoma for a median period of 6months, IQR (5-8). The median time for discharge after stoma reversal is 9 days, IQR (7-10). There were 4 Grade II Clavien-Dindo complications after stoma closure. Conclusion: Seventy- seven percent of patients with DS underwent closure in our series. Recurrence was the most common cause for it becoming permanent.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139215476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chin Bahadur Pun Magar, Greta Pandey, S. Uprety, Ishan Dhungana, N. Jha
Introduction: Immunohistochemistry test is used to characterize intracellular proteins or various cell surfaces in all tissues. It is used to solve diagnostic problems or for determining prognosis and response to therapy in breast pathology. ER, PR and HER2 are well established biomarkers for breast cancer prognosis and for guiding treatment. Materials and methods: This is retrospective study at Department of Pathology of B P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal effective from 15 April 2020 to 14 April 2021. All the data were retrieved and analyzed. Results: Total 205 breast cancer cases were analyzed, among them 198 cases were females accounting 96.5 % and 7 cases were males accounting 3.5 %. Altogether 125 (60.9%) cases had immunohistochemistry panel of ER, PR and HER2 tests done. 48% cases were ER positive, 42.4% cases were PR positive, 34.4% were HER2 positive and 9.9% cases were triple negative. Conclusion: Breast cancer is more common in females than in males. Most common affected age group was 41-50 years. Most common histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma NST. In order to improve breast cancer outcomes and survival, early diagnosis, immunohistochemistry hormone analysis and screening tests should be done.
{"title":"Immunohistochemical Analysis of Breast Cancer at BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital Nepal","authors":"Chin Bahadur Pun Magar, Greta Pandey, S. Uprety, Ishan Dhungana, N. Jha","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.59997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.59997","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Immunohistochemistry test is used to characterize intracellular proteins or various cell surfaces in all tissues. It is used to solve diagnostic problems or for determining prognosis and response to therapy in breast pathology. ER, PR and HER2 are well established biomarkers for breast cancer prognosis and for guiding treatment. Materials and methods: This is retrospective study at Department of Pathology of B P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal effective from 15 April 2020 to 14 April 2021. All the data were retrieved and analyzed. Results: Total 205 breast cancer cases were analyzed, among them 198 cases were females accounting 96.5 % and 7 cases were males accounting 3.5 %. Altogether 125 (60.9%) cases had immunohistochemistry panel of ER, PR and HER2 tests done. 48% cases were ER positive, 42.4% cases were PR positive, 34.4% were HER2 positive and 9.9% cases were triple negative. Conclusion: Breast cancer is more common in females than in males. Most common affected age group was 41-50 years. Most common histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma NST. In order to improve breast cancer outcomes and survival, early diagnosis, immunohistochemistry hormone analysis and screening tests should be done.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139224437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samyam Parajuli, D. Gautam, Anil Karki, Dilip Karmacharya, Amar Shrestha, Bijay Neupane, Greta Pandey, Kamana Chalise, Subash Devkota
Background: Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC), including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), are on the rise. This study provides a detailed examination of PTC cases in a tertiary care cancer hospital in Nepal, aiming to understand its clinical characteristics and treatment patterns. We conducted a retrospective analysis of PTC, including demographics, features of tumor, and treatment modalities. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study assessed cases of PTC from January 2022 to December 2022. Patient data were collected and analyzed, focusing on demographics, tumor attributes, and treatment approaches. Results: Among 105 patients, females were predominant (female-to-male ratio 5.2:1), and ethnic diversity was observed. Most patients were from Lumbini Pradesh. The mean age was 40.78 years. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed Bethesda VI as the most common classification. Primary treatment involved total thyroidectomy (76.25%). Classical PTC was the major histopathological variant (78.1%). Tumors were frequently located in the right lobe (55.25%). Unifocal tumors were prevalent (74.28%), with an average size of 2.74 cm. Lymph node metastasis occurred in 49.5% of patients. Intermediate-risk patients constituted the majority (53.5%). Conclusion: This study offers crucial insights into PTC's clinical spectrum in Nepal, aiding in tailored patient care strategies. The findings contribute to informed decision-making for enhanced treatment outcomes.
{"title":"Clinicopathological profile of Papillary thyroid carcinoma in a tertiary cancer hospital in Nepal","authors":"Samyam Parajuli, D. Gautam, Anil Karki, Dilip Karmacharya, Amar Shrestha, Bijay Neupane, Greta Pandey, Kamana Chalise, Subash Devkota","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.60034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.60034","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC), including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), are on the rise. This study provides a detailed examination of PTC cases in a tertiary care cancer hospital in Nepal, aiming to understand its clinical characteristics and treatment patterns. We conducted a retrospective analysis of PTC, including demographics, features of tumor, and treatment modalities. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study assessed cases of PTC from January 2022 to December 2022. Patient data were collected and analyzed, focusing on demographics, tumor attributes, and treatment approaches. Results: Among 105 patients, females were predominant (female-to-male ratio 5.2:1), and ethnic diversity was observed. Most patients were from Lumbini Pradesh. The mean age was 40.78 years. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed Bethesda VI as the most common classification. Primary treatment involved total thyroidectomy (76.25%). Classical PTC was the major histopathological variant (78.1%). Tumors were frequently located in the right lobe (55.25%). Unifocal tumors were prevalent (74.28%), with an average size of 2.74 cm. Lymph node metastasis occurred in 49.5% of patients. Intermediate-risk patients constituted the majority (53.5%). Conclusion: This study offers crucial insights into PTC's clinical spectrum in Nepal, aiding in tailored patient care strategies. The findings contribute to informed decision-making for enhanced treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139216186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Greta Pandey, R. Bhatta, Suraj Upreti, Ishan Dhungana, Bishow Ram Paudel
Background: Breast cancer is one of the commonest cancer in females globally. The scenario in Nepal is also similar. Breast cancers are now not only limited to older age group but younger females are also visiting hospital with breast malignancies. An increase in trend of breast cancer in young females have been noticed. They are reported to have a more aggressive clinical and pathological features. Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective study of breast cancers in mastectomy specimen with focus on young females of less than or equal to forty years of age. The data collection period was from January 1st to December 31st 2021. Data were collected from the records of department of pathology. All those cases of post neoadjuvant chemotherapy with no residual masses microscopically and cases of male breast carcinoma were excluded. Results: A total of 273 cases of mastectomies were analyzed. 75 cases were from patients of ≤40 years of age and 198 belonged to age group of >40 years. Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type and histological (Nottingham Histological score) grade of Grade 2 was common in both groups. However grade 3 was more prevalent in younger group. Left breast was most frequent laterality for the cancer. Perineural invasion was found more in older females. Conclusion: Breast cancer is no longer a disease of older females only. More and more cases are being diagnosed at younger age group and they are more aggressive in them. Hence there is a greater need to spread awareness regarding breast cancer in the younger population as well.
{"title":"Clinicopathological profile of breast cancer in young females at tertiary cancer center in Nepal","authors":"Greta Pandey, R. Bhatta, Suraj Upreti, Ishan Dhungana, Bishow Ram Paudel","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.59996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.59996","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is one of the commonest cancer in females globally. The scenario in Nepal is also similar. Breast cancers are now not only limited to older age group but younger females are also visiting hospital with breast malignancies. An increase in trend of breast cancer in young females have been noticed. They are reported to have a more aggressive clinical and pathological features. Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective study of breast cancers in mastectomy specimen with focus on young females of less than or equal to forty years of age. The data collection period was from January 1st to December 31st 2021. Data were collected from the records of department of pathology. All those cases of post neoadjuvant chemotherapy with no residual masses microscopically and cases of male breast carcinoma were excluded. Results: A total of 273 cases of mastectomies were analyzed. 75 cases were from patients of ≤40 years of age and 198 belonged to age group of >40 years. Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type and histological (Nottingham Histological score) grade of Grade 2 was common in both groups. However grade 3 was more prevalent in younger group. Left breast was most frequent laterality for the cancer. Perineural invasion was found more in older females. Conclusion: Breast cancer is no longer a disease of older females only. More and more cases are being diagnosed at younger age group and they are more aggressive in them. Hence there is a greater need to spread awareness regarding breast cancer in the younger population as well.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139217272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laxmi Neupane, Hari Prasad Upadhyay, Nirmal Lamichhane
Introduction: The number of older adults is increasing day by day. This fact implies important health challenges. Frailty level in older adults having cancer is a globally important health issue. The concept of frailty has become gradually more accepted as one of the most important factors particularly in patients with cancer who are receiving treatment. The objective of the study was to find out the frailty index among older adults with cancer admitted for surgery at BPKMCH, Bharatpur, Nepal. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 111 older adults. Nonprobability purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. Data were collected by face-to-face interview method using Carolina Frailty Index (CFI) developed from a cancer-specific geriatric assessment. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS-20, p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The age of the respondents ranged from 60 to 87 years with mean + SD: 67.46+6.11. Most common site of cancer was gastrointestinal system (47.7%) and the most prevalent co- morbidities in this study were diabetes mellitus (19.8%) and high blood pressure (18.0%). Based on the CFI score, 82.0% were robust, 11.7% were pre-frail and 6.3% were frail. Increasing age (P=0.033) and ethnicity (P=0. 042) were associated with frailty. Conclusion: CFI is a practical way to define oncologic frailty. Though it is only a descriptive study, frailty index revealed by this study would provide valuable baseline information for further researchers.
{"title":"Frailty Index among Older Adults with Cancer at B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal","authors":"Laxmi Neupane, Hari Prasad Upadhyay, Nirmal Lamichhane","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.60033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.60033","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The number of older adults is increasing day by day. This fact implies important health challenges. Frailty level in older adults having cancer is a globally important health issue. The concept of frailty has become gradually more accepted as one of the most important factors particularly in patients with cancer who are receiving treatment. The objective of the study was to find out the frailty index among older adults with cancer admitted for surgery at BPKMCH, Bharatpur, Nepal. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 111 older adults. Nonprobability purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. Data were collected by face-to-face interview method using Carolina Frailty Index (CFI) developed from a cancer-specific geriatric assessment. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS-20, p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The age of the respondents ranged from 60 to 87 years with mean + SD: 67.46+6.11. Most common site of cancer was gastrointestinal system (47.7%) and the most prevalent co- morbidities in this study were diabetes mellitus (19.8%) and high blood pressure (18.0%). Based on the CFI score, 82.0% were robust, 11.7% were pre-frail and 6.3% were frail. Increasing age (P=0.033) and ethnicity (P=0. 042) were associated with frailty. Conclusion: CFI is a practical way to define oncologic frailty. Though it is only a descriptive study, frailty index revealed by this study would provide valuable baseline information for further researchers.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139221633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. D. Adhikari, Sandip Kumar Mandal, Suman Gnawali, Gyan B Shrestha, Nitu Sharma, Ajay Kumar Yadav
Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a very rare and aggressive mesenchymal sarcoma subtype which represents less than 1% of soft tissue sarcomas (STS). According to the origin of the site, there are two types of ES: distal-type epithelioid sarcoma and proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma. The clinical diagnosis of ES mainly is confirmed by histopathology examination followed by immunohistochemistry. Radical excisional surgery is the best treatment option for epithelioid sarcoma. According to TNM staging, the treatment option will vary from surgery to surgery accompanied with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Here in, we presented a 36-year-old man had non-healing ulcer in left frontotemporal scalp extending to involve left orbit. Histopathological confirmed epithelioid sarcoma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Head and Neck revealed that there was mass in left frontotemporal scalp measuring 6.7 X 5.7 X 2.6 cm extending to zygomatic region and left orbit D/D malignant mass/sarcoma with bilateral (B/L) sinusitis. After that patient undergone for Wide Local excision (WLE) surgery on 11th September 2022. Adjuvant Radiation Therapy (RT) 6000 cGy radiation dose in 30 fractions (#) which was 200 cGy per fraction (#) were given during 22nd September to 10th November 2022 due to local advancement of disease. Patient was asked to follow up after 6 weeks after completion of RT. After 6 weeks of surgery, the patient was undergone for MRI and report revealed normal study.
{"title":"Primary Epithelioid Sarcoma of Frontotemporal Scalp: a Rare Case Report with Recent Literature Review","authors":"G. D. Adhikari, Sandip Kumar Mandal, Suman Gnawali, Gyan B Shrestha, Nitu Sharma, Ajay Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.3126/njc.v7i1.60032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njc.v7i1.60032","url":null,"abstract":"Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a very rare and aggressive mesenchymal sarcoma subtype which represents less than 1% of soft tissue sarcomas (STS). According to the origin of the site, there are two types of ES: distal-type epithelioid sarcoma and proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma. The clinical diagnosis of ES mainly is confirmed by histopathology examination followed by immunohistochemistry. Radical excisional surgery is the best treatment option for epithelioid sarcoma. According to TNM staging, the treatment option will vary from surgery to surgery accompanied with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Here in, we presented a 36-year-old man had non-healing ulcer in left frontotemporal scalp extending to involve left orbit. Histopathological confirmed epithelioid sarcoma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Head and Neck revealed that there was mass in left frontotemporal scalp measuring 6.7 X 5.7 X 2.6 cm extending to zygomatic region and left orbit D/D malignant mass/sarcoma with bilateral (B/L) sinusitis. After that patient undergone for Wide Local excision (WLE) surgery on 11th September 2022. Adjuvant Radiation Therapy (RT) 6000 cGy radiation dose in 30 fractions (#) which was 200 cGy per fraction (#) were given during 22nd September to 10th November 2022 due to local advancement of disease. Patient was asked to follow up after 6 weeks after completion of RT. After 6 weeks of surgery, the patient was undergone for MRI and report revealed normal study.","PeriodicalId":133249,"journal":{"name":"Nepalese Journal of Cancer","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139216125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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