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Plasmonic wideband GST-based switch in the near-infrared region 近红外区域等离子宽带gst开关
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12073
Saman Heidari, Najmeh Nozhat

In this paper, we present a GST-based wideband plasmonic switch. With the excitation of localised surface plasmons and concentration of electric field in the structure, a near-perfect and wideband absorption is achieved. The switch consists of a GST layer, which acts as a Fabry–Perot cavity. Increasing the temperature and changing the state of GST lead to a high difference between the absorption spectra in amorphous and crystalline states in a wide range of wavelength. Therefore, the switch has a high extinction ratio of 13.71 dB at the wavelength of 1343 nm. Also, the response time of the switch is obtained as 46 fs. The structure has near-perfect absorption up to the incident angle of about 20°. Moreover, due to the symmetry of structure, the absorption spectrum is independent of polarisation. To show the validity of simulation results, the analytical method of equivalent circuit model is presented. The proposed polarisation-insensitive switch with high extinction ratio, fast response time and wide bandwidth can be used in photodetectors, plasmonic modulators and logic gates.

本文提出了一种基于gst的宽带等离子体开关。利用局域表面等离子激元的激发和结构内电场的集中,实现了近乎完美的宽带吸收。该开关由GST层组成,充当法布里-珀罗腔。提高温度和改变GST的状态会导致在宽波长范围内非晶态和晶态的吸收光谱之间存在很大差异。因此,该开关在1343 nm波长处具有13.71 dB的高消光比。得到开关的响应时间为46fs。该结构在入射角约为20°时具有近乎完美的吸收。此外,由于结构的对称性,吸收光谱与极化无关。为了验证仿真结果的有效性,提出了等效电路模型的解析方法。该开关具有消光比高、响应时间快、带宽宽等特点,可用于光电探测器、等离子体调制器和逻辑门等器件。
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引用次数: 3
Tungsten disulfide coated side-polished fibre as polarisation state modulator in all-optical system 二硫化钨包覆侧抛光光纤在全光系统中的偏振态调制器
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12072
Zian Cheak Tiu, Sin Jin Tan, Muhamad Zharif Samion, Harith Ahmad, Sulaiman Wadi Harun, Chee Leong Tan

In this work, all-optical polarisation state modulation using a tungsten disulfide (WS2) coated side-polished fibre (SPF) as modulator is experimentally demonstrated. A bulk layer WS2 is exfoliated into a few-layer WS2 thin film using liquid phase exfoliation technique. The few-layer WS2 film is then coated onto a SPF to serve as an optical polarisation state modulator based on the thermo-optic effect. The rotation of the polarised signal light is controlled using a pump laser. Throughout the pump power range of 514.5 mW, the polarisation state of the polarised signal light has rotated ∼70°, with a minor ellipticity fluctuation of <6°. The proposed experiment is carried out on the basis of the photon-modulate-photon principle and achieved all-optical modulation in a fibre laser system.

在这项工作中,实验证明了使用二硫化钨(WS2)涂层侧抛光光纤(SPF)作为调制器的全光偏振状态调制。采用液相剥离技术,将一大块WS2层剥离成几层的WS2薄膜。然后将几层WS2薄膜涂在SPF上,作为基于热光学效应的光偏振状态调制器。偏振信号光的旋转是用泵浦激光器控制的。在514.5 mW的泵浦功率范围内,极化信号的偏振态旋转了~ 70°,椭圆度波动较小,为<6°。该实验基于光子-调制-光子原理,在光纤激光系统中实现了全光调制。
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引用次数: 1
Rotational freedom thin-film solar cell using a reconfigurable nano-antenna with 4-Dimethyl-Amino-N-methyl-4-Stilbazolium Tosylate 采用可重构纳米天线的4-二甲基-氨基- n-甲基-4-甲酰基磺酰基磺酸钠的旋转自由薄膜太阳能电池
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12069
Mohammad Ali Shameli, Mohammad Reza Eskandari, Reza Safian

In this paper, we proposed a new method to realize the rotational freedom of thin-film solar cells. In this method, an array of reconfigurable nano-patches fed by a plasmonic waveguide is integrated inside the solar cell to receive and trap light in the active layer. The reconfigurable nano-antenna is designed to achieve beam steering by bias voltage in the direction of sunlight during the day using 4-Dimethyl-Amino-N-methyl-4-Stilbazolium Tosylate as an active electro-optic material integrated into the plasmonic waveguide. The proposed solar cell is investigated using the finite-difference frequency-domain method and the drift-diffusion equations of COMSOL Multiphysics software at different wavelengths of light and a wide range of angles of incidence for transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) polarizations. The numerical results show increase in the absorption in large wavelengths of sunlight for the thin-film solar cell with nano-antenna, resulting in a short circuit current enhancement of 1.48 and 1.45 for TE and TM polarisations, respectively. Also, another advantage of the proposed reconfigurable structure is maintaining the performance in different angles of incidence, which may open up a new opportunity in solar energy harvesting.

本文提出了一种实现薄膜太阳能电池旋转自由的新方法。在这种方法中,由等离子波导提供的可重构纳米贴片阵列集成在太阳能电池内部,以接收和捕获有源层中的光。可重构纳米天线的设计目的是利用4-二甲基-氨基- n -甲基-4-甲酰基磺酰基酸盐作为集成在等离子波导中的有源电光材料,在白天通过偏置电压在阳光方向上实现光束导向。采用有限差分频域方法和COMSOL Multiphysics软件的漂移-扩散方程,对不同波长的光和宽入射角的横向磁(TM)和横向电(TE)极化进行了研究。数值结果表明,带纳米天线的薄膜太阳能电池对大波长阳光的吸收增加,导致TE极化和TM极化的短路电流分别增强1.48和1.45。此外,该可重构结构的另一个优点是在不同的入射角下保持性能,这可能为太阳能收集开辟新的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Random bit sequence generation from speckle patterns produced with multimode waveguides 从多模波导产生的散斑模式生成随机位序列
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12068
Lília Maria Santos Dias, Tiago Filipe Santos Silvério, Rute Amorim Sá Ferreira, Paulo Sérgio de Brito André

With the rapid development of digital ecosystems, such as mobile applications towards goods/monetary transactions, a new paradigm of data transfer arises, which requires fast and reliable algorithms to generate random numbers. The statistical nature of speckle-based imaging creates an opportunity for these generators to arise as random number generators given the unpredictability and irreproducibility of such patterns. Hence, it is shown that the establishment of an experimental system is able to produce unique speckle patterns for remote cryptographic key storage and distribution, with a potential key rate generation of Gbs.

随着数字生态系统的快速发展,例如针对商品/货币交易的移动应用程序,出现了一种新的数据传输范式,这需要快速可靠的算法来生成随机数。基于散斑的成像的统计性质为这些生成器创造了一个机会,使其成为随机数生成器,因为这些模式具有不可预测性和不可重复性。因此,实验系统的建立能够产生独特的散斑模式,用于远程加密密钥存储和分发,具有潜在的Gbs密钥速率生成。
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引用次数: 1
Design of a hexagonal outlined porous cladding with vacant core photonic crystal fibre biosensor for cyanide detection at THz regime 六方多孔包层空芯光子晶体光纤太赫兹氰化物探测传感器的设计
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12067
Mohammad Rakibul Islam, Ahmed Mujtaba Al Naser, Fatema Zerin Jaba, Fariha Anzum, Abu Nayeem Mohammad Iftekher, Md Rezaul Hoque Khan, Mirza Muntasir Nishat

A hexagonal outlined porous cladding with vacant core photonic crystal fibre (HOPC-VC-PCF) sensor using Zeonex has been presented, which can detect cyanides at the THz regime. Cyanides are incredibly lethal chemicals to humans as they can rapidly cause impairment or even death; such harmful substances must be identified precisely. The proposed model has been analysed at a broad spectrum of THz regimes for three different analytes, and the numerical investigation is performed using the Finite element method (FEM). Simulation results exhibit that at optimum design parameters, extremely high sensitivity of 99.75%, negligible confinement loss of 0.5 × 10−13 cm−1, extremely low and flat dispersion of 0.12 ps THz/cm, and other excellent features were obtained. The performance analysis and the design methodology have been depicted in detail. Due to the simplistic design, fabrication of the model is easily achievable by current technology. The remarkable sensing capabilities will not only make it suited in chemicals analysis but also will play vital roles in other applications as well.

介绍了一种利用Zeonex公司研制的六角形多孔包层空芯光子晶体光纤(HOPC-VC-PCF)传感器,该传感器可以在太赫兹波段探测氰化物。氰化物对人类来说是非常致命的化学物质,因为它们可以迅速造成损害甚至死亡;这些有害物质必须准确地加以鉴别。在三种不同的分析物的太赫兹区广谱上分析了所提出的模型,并使用有限元方法进行了数值研究。仿真结果表明,在最佳设计参数下,获得了99.75%的极高灵敏度、0.5 × 10−13 cm−1的可忽略的约束损耗、0.12 ps THz/cm的极低且平坦的色散等优异特性。详细介绍了系统的性能分析和设计方法。由于简单的设计,模型的制造是很容易实现的,以目前的技术。卓越的传感能力将使其不仅适用于化学分析,而且在其他应用中也将发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 6
Inverse design of a high-quality factor multi-purpose optical biosensor 高质量因子多用途光学生物传感器的反设计
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12066
Majid Mafi, Amir Hosn Esmaile

This paper investigates a high-quality and multi-purposed biosensor with maximum stable output transmittance numerically by using the inverse design method. The proposed biosensor utilises particle swarm optimisation for inverse design which will be a helpful way of designing different kinds of precise sensors in the future. In this research, some parameters are introduced to the optimiser to find the best cavity parameters for developing a high-quality sensor to sense different targets. Many previous studies were on single-goal biosensors, or their quality factor and output spectrum were very low. The proposed sensor can sense different parts of blood components, the amount of glucose in the urine, and tear's glucose for the first time just in one device to the best of our knowledge. Compared to previous works, this structure detects the differences between refractive indexes analytes with a high-quality factor and a high and stable output transmittance spectrum. This structure contains two-dimensional photonic crystal microresonators to provide resonance frequencies in the photonic bandgap. The device works on a window of 1.55 μm with a quality factor equal to 24,000, the sensitivity is 500 nm/RIU (refractive index unit), and the resolution is equal to 4 × 10−5. In this paper, the scaling method, particle swarm optimisation, two-dimensional finite-difference dime domain, and Plane-Wave Expansion methods are utilised.

本文采用反设计方法,对具有最大稳定输出透过率的高质量多用途生物传感器进行了数值研究。所提出的生物传感器利用粒子群优化进行逆向设计,为今后设计不同类型的精密传感器提供了一种有益的方法。在本研究中,将一些参数引入到优化器中,以找到最佳的腔参数,从而开发出高质量的传感器来感知不同的目标。以往的研究多为单目标生物传感器,或其质量因子和输出光谱很低。据我们所知,该传感器首次可以在一个设备中感知血液成分的不同部分,尿液中的葡萄糖量和泪液中的葡萄糖。与以往的工作相比,该结构以高质量的因子和高稳定的输出透射光谱检测被分析物之间的折射率差异。该结构包含二维光子晶体微谐振器,在光子带隙中提供共振频率。该器件工作在1.55 μm的窗口上,质量因子为24000,灵敏度为500 nm/RIU(折射率单位),分辨率为4 × 10−5。本文采用了标度法、粒子群优化法、二维有限差分角域法和平面波展开法。
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引用次数: 0
Sequel to “cubic-quartic optical soliton perturbation with complex Ginzburg–Landau equation by the enhanced Kudryashov's method” “复金兹堡-朗道方程的三次四次光孤子摄动的增强Kudryashov方法续作”
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-02-26 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12065
Ahmed H. Arnous, Anjan Biswas, Abdul H. Kara, Daniela Milovic, Yakup Yıldırım, Hashim M. Alshehri

This paper serves as a sequel to previously reported results on cubic-quartic solitons with complex Ginzburg–Landau equation. This work is with various forms of power law nonlinearity that structures the self-phase modulation. The enhanced Kudryashov's approach gives the soliton solution. The conservation laws are also identified for the models.

本文是先前报道的具有复金兹堡-朗道方程的三次四次孤子的结果的续篇。这项工作是与各种形式的幂律非线性结构的自相位调制。改进的Kudryashov方法给出了孤子解。还确定了模型的守恒定律。
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引用次数: 5
Optimal power allocation in nonlinear MDM-WDM systems using Gaussian noise model 基于高斯噪声模型的非线性MDM-WDM系统最优功率分配
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-20 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12064
Mohammad Ali Amirabadi, Mohammad Hossein Kahaei, S. Alireza Nezamalhosseini, Lawrence R. Chen

Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) using few-mode fibre (FMF) has received increasing attention to address the exponential growth of data traffic in long-haul optical communication systems. Also, combining the MDM with wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is a promising approach for dramatically growing the transmission capacity in such systems. However, a major barrier in this regard is the FMF nonlinear effects, which can significantly reduce the link performance. In this paper, in order to alleviate the FMF nonlinear effects, we focus on power allocation in FMF links by optimizing the input power of each optical WDM channel of each spatial mode, which leads to maximizing the total capacity transmission and also the minimum signal to noise ratio (SNR) margin. The FMF nonlinearity has been already modelled as the Gaussian noise (GN) for which no closed-form formulation has been developed so far. Here, we derive a closed-form GN model for this problem and verify it by comparing with the integral-form GN model and split-step Fourier method. In this approach, an optimal power is independently determined for each channel of each mode by optimizing a capacity maximization and a minimum SNR margin maximization problem in convex forms. The performance of different links including the single mode fibre-WDM, MDM-single channel, and MDM-WDM are compared using computer simulations. These systems are comprehensively investigated in equal/non-equal required SNR as well as flat/non-flat amplifier gain scenarios. It is shown that optimized power allocation to each channel of each mode has a significant enhancement in the minimum SNR margin maximization scheme compared to the best equal power allocation. Furthermore, this improvement is much more in non-equal required SNR and the non-flat amplifier gain scenarios, showing the efficiency of the established approach in practical communication links.

利用少模光纤的模分复用(MDM)技术解决长途光通信系统中数据流量的指数级增长日益受到人们的关注。此外,将MDM与波分复用(wavelength-division multiplexing, WDM)相结合是一种很有前途的方法,可以显著提高此类系统中的传输容量。然而,在这方面的一个主要障碍是FMF非线性效应,它会显著降低链路的性能。为了缓解FMF非线性效应,本文重点研究了FMF链路中的功率分配问题,通过优化每个空间模式下WDM光信道的输入功率,使总传输容量最大化,同时使信噪比(SNR)裕度最小。FMF非线性已被建模为高斯噪声(GN),迄今为止还没有开发出封闭形式的公式。本文推导了该问题的闭型GN模型,并与积分型GN模型和分步傅里叶方法进行了比较验证。该方法通过优化容量最大化问题和最小信噪比余量最大化问题,独立确定每种模式下每个通道的最优功率。通过计算机仿真比较了单模光纤波分复用、单信道光纤波分复用和单信道光纤波分复用的性能。这些系统在等/不等所需信噪比以及平坦/非平坦放大器增益情况下进行了全面研究。结果表明,在最小信噪比裕度最大化方案中,各信道的优化功率分配比最佳等功率分配有显著的增强。此外,在要求信噪比不相等和放大器增益不平坦的情况下,这种改进要大得多,这表明所建立的方法在实际通信链路中的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Ultra-compact and ultra-broadband hybrid plasmonic-photonic vertical coupler with high coupling efficiency, directivity, and polarisation extinction ratio 具有高耦合效率、指向性和极化消光比的超紧凑、超宽带等离子体-光子混合垂直耦合器
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-04 DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12063
Hamed Pezeshki, Amanda J. Wright, Eric C. Larkins

An ultra-compact, ultra-broadband vertical coupler for dense photonic integrated circuits is reported with a 1.07 × 0.62 μm2 wavelength-scale footprint. This hybrid plasmonic-photonic coupler uses a unique two-plane plasmonic nanoantenna array on a silicon-on-insulator waveguide. The in- and out-of-plane interference of the multipole moments and dual-feed nanoantennas results in efficient, unidirectional coupling. Finite-element simulations show that, for a 0.8 μm diameter Gaussian beam, the maximum coupling efficiency (CE) is −3.4 dB across the telecommunication C-, L- and U-bands with a 3-dB bandwidth of 230 nm. The CE is > 9 dB higher than recently reported ultra-compact plasmonic couplers. The maximum directivity and polarisation extinction ratio across the C- to U-bands are 9.2 and 24.1 dB, respectively. Finally, as an out-coupler, it has a vertical directivity of >8.5 dB, enabling its use for vertical optical interconnects between two vertically separated circuits.

报道了一种用于密集光子集成电路的超紧凑、超宽带垂直耦合器,其波长尺度为1.07 × 0.62 μm2。这种混合等离子体-光子耦合器在绝缘体上硅波导上使用独特的双平面等离子体纳米天线阵列。多极矩和双馈纳米天线的面内和面外干扰导致了高效的单向耦合。仿真结果表明,对于直径为0.8 μm的高斯光束,在3db带宽为230 nm的通信C、L和u波段,最大耦合效率(CE)为−3.4 dB。行政长官是>比最近报道的超紧凑型等离子体耦合器高9db。C波段和u波段的最大指向性和极化消光比分别为9.2和24.1 dB。最后,作为外耦合器,它具有8.5 dB的垂直指向性,使其能够用于两个垂直分离电路之间的垂直光互连。
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引用次数: 6
Remote Sensing Image Denoising Algorithm Based on Filtering Method and Matrix Low-Rank Sparse Decomposition 基于滤波法和矩阵低秩稀疏分解的遥感图像去噪算法
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.12677/oe.2022.122006
慧 吕
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引用次数: 0
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Iet Optoelectronics
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