Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.17
Nandeesh Ganiga, R. Bhatia, Kavita Dubey, R. Arora, K. Singh, S. Panwar, H. Bollinedi, Sarika .
The apetalous form of male sterility, controlled by a single recessive gene (msms), is widely used for F1 hybridseed production in marigold (Tagetes spp.). Maintenance of this form of male sterility through conventionalmethods is a highly labour-intensive and costly task. Hence, we have developed a viable in vitro regenerationprotocol for rapid multiplication in three apetalous male sterile lines of marigold, MS-5, MS-7, and MS-8. Theeffect of Thidiazuron (TDZ) was assessed on in vitro establishment of apetalous male sterile lines using shoottipexplants. The modified MSm medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l TDZ and 0.2 mg/l NAA was found suitablefor culture establishment from shoot tip explants. We have also assessed the efficiency of two cytokinins,TDZ and Kinetin (KIN), for rapid multiplication of male sterile lines of marigold. The culture media, genotypesand their interactions significantly influenced the shoot proliferation of marigold. Our findings have revealedthe superiority of kinetin over TDZ in inducing quality shoots during in vitro proliferation phase. The highestproliferation of quality shoots was obtained on modified MSm medium enriched with 0.5 mg/l kinetin and 0.1mg/l NAA. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of IBA was found effective for the inductionof quality roots in all the tested genotypes of marigold. Among the three male sterile lines of marigold, MS-5exhibited better in vitro establishment, proliferation and rooting abilities over the MS-7 and MS-8 lines. Thedeveloped protocol can be efficiently utilized for rapid in vitro mass multiplication of apetalous male sterilelines of marigold.
{"title":"Protocol for in vitro regeneration and rapid mass multiplication of apetalous male sterile lines of marigold","authors":"Nandeesh Ganiga, R. Bhatia, Kavita Dubey, R. Arora, K. Singh, S. Panwar, H. Bollinedi, Sarika .","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"The apetalous form of male sterility, controlled by a single recessive gene (msms), is widely used for F1 hybridseed production in marigold (Tagetes spp.). Maintenance of this form of male sterility through conventionalmethods is a highly labour-intensive and costly task. Hence, we have developed a viable in vitro regenerationprotocol for rapid multiplication in three apetalous male sterile lines of marigold, MS-5, MS-7, and MS-8. Theeffect of Thidiazuron (TDZ) was assessed on in vitro establishment of apetalous male sterile lines using shoottipexplants. The modified MSm medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l TDZ and 0.2 mg/l NAA was found suitablefor culture establishment from shoot tip explants. We have also assessed the efficiency of two cytokinins,TDZ and Kinetin (KIN), for rapid multiplication of male sterile lines of marigold. The culture media, genotypesand their interactions significantly influenced the shoot proliferation of marigold. Our findings have revealedthe superiority of kinetin over TDZ in inducing quality shoots during in vitro proliferation phase. The highestproliferation of quality shoots was obtained on modified MSm medium enriched with 0.5 mg/l kinetin and 0.1mg/l NAA. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of IBA was found effective for the inductionof quality roots in all the tested genotypes of marigold. Among the three male sterile lines of marigold, MS-5exhibited better in vitro establishment, proliferation and rooting abilities over the MS-7 and MS-8 lines. Thedeveloped protocol can be efficiently utilized for rapid in vitro mass multiplication of apetalous male sterilelines of marigold.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76158361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.4
Reena Prusty, O. Awasthi, S. Singh, C. Bharadwaj
This study was carried out for standardization of a reliable protocol by using different explants (epicotyl,cotyledon, and root), plant bioregulators (PBRs), and carbon sources on indirect embryogenesis during 2019-2022. Among the treatments tested, T4 (MS + 2,4-D (1.5 mg L-1) + BAP (1.0 mg L-1) + ME (500 mg L-1)) proved bestfor callusing (90.89 %), callus fresh weight (0.83 g), turgid weight (0.84 g) and dry weight (0.08 g) as comparedto others. In terms of callusing (83.72%), callus fresh weight (0.67 g), turgid weight (0.68 g), dry weight (0.05g) and callus water content (11.28 %), explants epicotyl (E) showed its superiority over others. Similarly, thetreatment combination T4 × E surpassed others in callusing potential. Embryogenesis (59.09%) and germination(33.61%) were best in T7 (MS + BAP (2 mg L-1) + NAA (0.1 mg L-1) + ME (500 mg L-1)). Among the different carbonsources, 5% glycerol supplemented with T7 proved best in inducing the highest number of somatic embryos/callus mass (73.26), embryogenesis (65.27%), and plantlet formation (68.77%). The standardized protocol canbe used for indirect embryogenesis for different genotypes of sweet orange.
{"title":"Indirect somatic embryogenesis in sweet orange cv. “Mosambi”","authors":"Reena Prusty, O. Awasthi, S. Singh, C. Bharadwaj","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out for standardization of a reliable protocol by using different explants (epicotyl,cotyledon, and root), plant bioregulators (PBRs), and carbon sources on indirect embryogenesis during 2019-2022. Among the treatments tested, T4 (MS + 2,4-D (1.5 mg L-1) + BAP (1.0 mg L-1) + ME (500 mg L-1)) proved bestfor callusing (90.89 %), callus fresh weight (0.83 g), turgid weight (0.84 g) and dry weight (0.08 g) as comparedto others. In terms of callusing (83.72%), callus fresh weight (0.67 g), turgid weight (0.68 g), dry weight (0.05g) and callus water content (11.28 %), explants epicotyl (E) showed its superiority over others. Similarly, thetreatment combination T4 × E surpassed others in callusing potential. Embryogenesis (59.09%) and germination(33.61%) were best in T7 (MS + BAP (2 mg L-1) + NAA (0.1 mg L-1) + ME (500 mg L-1)). Among the different carbonsources, 5% glycerol supplemented with T7 proved best in inducing the highest number of somatic embryos/callus mass (73.26), embryogenesis (65.27%), and plantlet formation (68.77%). The standardized protocol canbe used for indirect embryogenesis for different genotypes of sweet orange.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87888660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.5
N. Sharma, R. Sharma, A. Dubey
Interspecific hybridization between canker-tolerant Konkan Seedless lemon (C. limon Burm) andcommercially grown Kagzi lime (C. aurantifolia Swingle) is significantly impeded by the occurrence of nucellarembryony. Hence, the objective of our work was to enhance hybrid seedlings’ recovery and to confirm theirhybridity through polymorphic SSR markers. Results revealed quite a satisfactory germination (< 58%) from allthe stages of embryos and media used, but younger and oldest embryos produced more than 87% germinationon all three media tested. MS medium supplemented with 500 mg l-1 malt extract plus 1.5 mg l-1 GA3 and 20μll-1NAA proved better for the survival of plantlets, obtained from the culture of either aged or younger embryos,though it was highest in plantlets, obtained from the culture of 80-90 days old embryos. The seedlings obtainedfrom culture 80-90 old embryos (DAP or days after pollination) on MS medium supplemented with 500 mg l-1malt extract plus 1.5 mg l-1 GA3 and 20μl l-1 NAA had the highest root and shoot length at 30 days after culture(DAC). SSR loci CCSM4 and CAC-33 expressed the highest polymorphism, showing their ability to distinguishthe hybrids of Konkan Seedless (lemon) × Kagzi lime (acid lime) .
{"title":"Production and verification of lemon × acid lime hybrid populations via embryo rescue","authors":"N. Sharma, R. Sharma, A. Dubey","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Interspecific hybridization between canker-tolerant Konkan Seedless lemon (C. limon Burm) andcommercially grown Kagzi lime (C. aurantifolia Swingle) is significantly impeded by the occurrence of nucellarembryony. Hence, the objective of our work was to enhance hybrid seedlings’ recovery and to confirm theirhybridity through polymorphic SSR markers. Results revealed quite a satisfactory germination (< 58%) from allthe stages of embryos and media used, but younger and oldest embryos produced more than 87% germinationon all three media tested. MS medium supplemented with 500 mg l-1 malt extract plus 1.5 mg l-1 GA3 and 20μll-1NAA proved better for the survival of plantlets, obtained from the culture of either aged or younger embryos,though it was highest in plantlets, obtained from the culture of 80-90 days old embryos. The seedlings obtainedfrom culture 80-90 old embryos (DAP or days after pollination) on MS medium supplemented with 500 mg l-1malt extract plus 1.5 mg l-1 GA3 and 20μl l-1 NAA had the highest root and shoot length at 30 days after culture(DAC). SSR loci CCSM4 and CAC-33 expressed the highest polymorphism, showing their ability to distinguishthe hybrids of Konkan Seedless (lemon) × Kagzi lime (acid lime) .","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85303088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.6
N. Lal, Awtar Singh, S. Singh, Abhay Kumar, S. Pandey, V. Nath
Twenty nine quantitative phenological traits were used to assess the morphological diversity among30 Indianlitchi genotypes. Coefficients of variation for length and width of panicle, number of primary and secondarydichasia, maximum length of primary and secondary dichasia, maximum and minimum distance between twoprimary dichasia and origin of number of primary dichasia (primary branches on panicle) from same point,filament length, length and diameter of anther, number of fruits/cluster and yield/ plant were more than 20%.The number of secondary dichasia was highly correlated with the length of stigma. Similarly, number of fruitsper cluster and yield, and fruit weight and thickness of pedicle were also correlated. Genotypes were dividedinto two main groups which corresponding to the size of the panicle and yield. Cluster-I contained genotypesof comparatively small panicle with lower yield, while cluster-II is composed of larger panicle with higheryield. From variability analysis, length and width of panicle, number of secondary dichasia, maximum lengthof primary dichasia, length of male flower, stamen length, thickness of pedicle, number of fruits/cluster andfruit weight were identified as important traits for identifying high-yielding genotypes.
{"title":"Morphological diversity in litchi based on phenological traits","authors":"N. Lal, Awtar Singh, S. Singh, Abhay Kumar, S. Pandey, V. Nath","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty nine quantitative phenological traits were used to assess the morphological diversity among30 Indianlitchi genotypes. Coefficients of variation for length and width of panicle, number of primary and secondarydichasia, maximum length of primary and secondary dichasia, maximum and minimum distance between twoprimary dichasia and origin of number of primary dichasia (primary branches on panicle) from same point,filament length, length and diameter of anther, number of fruits/cluster and yield/ plant were more than 20%.The number of secondary dichasia was highly correlated with the length of stigma. Similarly, number of fruitsper cluster and yield, and fruit weight and thickness of pedicle were also correlated. Genotypes were dividedinto two main groups which corresponding to the size of the panicle and yield. Cluster-I contained genotypesof comparatively small panicle with lower yield, while cluster-II is composed of larger panicle with higheryield. From variability analysis, length and width of panicle, number of secondary dichasia, maximum lengthof primary dichasia, length of male flower, stamen length, thickness of pedicle, number of fruits/cluster andfruit weight were identified as important traits for identifying high-yielding genotypes.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"332 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76590510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.1
N. Perveen, M. Dinesh, M. Sankaran, R. Venugopalan
Polyembryonic mango genotypes are considered the best resources for developing rootstocks owing tothe production of uniform, true-to-type nucellar seedlings with the deep tap root systems. However, their use inbreeding programmes is often limited by a narrow genetic base due to maternal inheritance. Hence, enhancementin or creation of variability for traits of interest becomes a pre-requisite, if rootstock breeding in mango has tobe undertaken. In this study, we attempted to induce variability in polyembryonic mango genotypes, Bappakkai,Nekkare and Kurukkan by treating their kernels with different doses of gamma rays ranging from 15 to 35 Gy.The results revealed delayed germination and a decrease in germination percentage with increasing dosageof gamma irradiation. The lethal dose (LD50) values for gamma radiation were determined, based on the seedgermination percentage using Probit analysis values, which were 22.39 Gy, 19.95 Gy, and 19.95 Gy for Bappakai,Nekkare and Kurukkan, respectively. Other traits like the number of seedlings emerging per kernel, plant height,inter-nodal length, and the number of leaves showed a gradual decrease in their mean values with increasingirradiation dosage. The results suggest the effectiveness of induced mutation in bringing about variability intraits like plant height for developing dwarf rootstocks to be used in high-density planting.
{"title":"Mutagenic-sensitivity and variability in the putative mutants of polyembryonic mango genotypes","authors":"N. Perveen, M. Dinesh, M. Sankaran, R. Venugopalan","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Polyembryonic mango genotypes are considered the best resources for developing rootstocks owing tothe production of uniform, true-to-type nucellar seedlings with the deep tap root systems. However, their use inbreeding programmes is often limited by a narrow genetic base due to maternal inheritance. Hence, enhancementin or creation of variability for traits of interest becomes a pre-requisite, if rootstock breeding in mango has tobe undertaken. In this study, we attempted to induce variability in polyembryonic mango genotypes, Bappakkai,Nekkare and Kurukkan by treating their kernels with different doses of gamma rays ranging from 15 to 35 Gy.The results revealed delayed germination and a decrease in germination percentage with increasing dosageof gamma irradiation. The lethal dose (LD50) values for gamma radiation were determined, based on the seedgermination percentage using Probit analysis values, which were 22.39 Gy, 19.95 Gy, and 19.95 Gy for Bappakai,Nekkare and Kurukkan, respectively. Other traits like the number of seedlings emerging per kernel, plant height,inter-nodal length, and the number of leaves showed a gradual decrease in their mean values with increasingirradiation dosage. The results suggest the effectiveness of induced mutation in bringing about variability intraits like plant height for developing dwarf rootstocks to be used in high-density planting.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"07 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86012554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.12
Sidakmeet Singh, Monika Gupta, H. Rattanpal, G. Singh, N. Kaur
Fruit drop is a major constraint for the production of kinnow mandarin. The present investigation comparedthe physical, biochemical and anatomical dynamics taking place in abscised and non-abscised fruit pedicelsof Kinnow mandarin at physiological and pathological fruit drop stages. The pedicel parameters (length, girthand weight) were higher in non-abscised than the abscised fruits. The activities of polygalacturonase (4.01μg D-glucose released g-1 FW min-1) and cellulase (4.34 μg D-glucose released g-1 FW min-1) enzymes weresignificantly low in non-abscised as compared to abscised fruit pedicels. The transverse sections of nonabscisedhealthy fruit pedicels revealed intact phloem and long xylem vessels in the vascular tissue. However,pedicels of abscised fruits showed degradation of cells and formation of the abscission zone. Fruit pedicelparameters had positive correlation with mineral nutrients, total soluble sugars and total soluble proteins,however, non-abscised fruit pedicels were negatively correlated with cell wall degrading enzymes. The fruitpedicel health has been found important and positively associated with the diminution in physiological andpathological fruit abscission in kinnow mandarin.
{"title":"Studies on fruit pedicel concerning fruitlet abscission in kinnow mandarin","authors":"Sidakmeet Singh, Monika Gupta, H. Rattanpal, G. Singh, N. Kaur","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Fruit drop is a major constraint for the production of kinnow mandarin. The present investigation comparedthe physical, biochemical and anatomical dynamics taking place in abscised and non-abscised fruit pedicelsof Kinnow mandarin at physiological and pathological fruit drop stages. The pedicel parameters (length, girthand weight) were higher in non-abscised than the abscised fruits. The activities of polygalacturonase (4.01μg D-glucose released g-1 FW min-1) and cellulase (4.34 μg D-glucose released g-1 FW min-1) enzymes weresignificantly low in non-abscised as compared to abscised fruit pedicels. The transverse sections of nonabscisedhealthy fruit pedicels revealed intact phloem and long xylem vessels in the vascular tissue. However,pedicels of abscised fruits showed degradation of cells and formation of the abscission zone. Fruit pedicelparameters had positive correlation with mineral nutrients, total soluble sugars and total soluble proteins,however, non-abscised fruit pedicels were negatively correlated with cell wall degrading enzymes. The fruitpedicel health has been found important and positively associated with the diminution in physiological andpathological fruit abscission in kinnow mandarin.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87253425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.7
S. Devi, A. Munshi, S. S. Dey, T. Behera, Chellapilla Bhardwaj, K. Gaikwad, A. Bhowmik, A. Nagar
Gene effects associated with earliness and yield-related traits offer an advantage in the selection ofappropriate breeding strategies to bring improvement of fruit yield in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Therefore,a generation mean analysis study was conducted to investigate the gene effects present in traits like plantheight, days to first female flower, number of female flower-bearing nodes, number of lateral branches, daystook to first fruit harvest, fruit length fruit and fruit width using three cross combinations viz., Pusa Barkha ×Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6, Pusa Uday × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 and Punjab Naveen × PusaParthenocarpic Cucumber-6. All six generations P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC2P2 were developed. Scaling testresults indicated that the simple additive-dominance model is inefficient to describe gene effects in all threecrosses and interallelic interactions are present for all traits under study. Additive gene effects were significantin at least one cross out of three crosses for all traits under study except the number of lateral branches and fruitwidth. In cross Punjab Naveen × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6, a significant negative dominant gene effectwas recorded for days to the first female flower and days took to first fruit harvest which indicates earliness inthis cross combination. For the number of female flower-bearing nodes, significant positive dominant effectswere present in cross combinations of Pusa Barkha × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 and Pusa Uday × PusaParthenocarpic Cucumber-6. For fruit length, Punjab Naveen × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 combinationpossessed significant additive gene effect which can be tapped through a simple selection procedure
{"title":"Generation mean analysis of earliness and fruit yield related traits in Cucumber","authors":"S. Devi, A. Munshi, S. S. Dey, T. Behera, Chellapilla Bhardwaj, K. Gaikwad, A. Bhowmik, A. Nagar","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Gene effects associated with earliness and yield-related traits offer an advantage in the selection ofappropriate breeding strategies to bring improvement of fruit yield in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Therefore,a generation mean analysis study was conducted to investigate the gene effects present in traits like plantheight, days to first female flower, number of female flower-bearing nodes, number of lateral branches, daystook to first fruit harvest, fruit length fruit and fruit width using three cross combinations viz., Pusa Barkha ×Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6, Pusa Uday × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 and Punjab Naveen × PusaParthenocarpic Cucumber-6. All six generations P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC2P2 were developed. Scaling testresults indicated that the simple additive-dominance model is inefficient to describe gene effects in all threecrosses and interallelic interactions are present for all traits under study. Additive gene effects were significantin at least one cross out of three crosses for all traits under study except the number of lateral branches and fruitwidth. In cross Punjab Naveen × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6, a significant negative dominant gene effectwas recorded for days to the first female flower and days took to first fruit harvest which indicates earliness inthis cross combination. For the number of female flower-bearing nodes, significant positive dominant effectswere present in cross combinations of Pusa Barkha × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 and Pusa Uday × PusaParthenocarpic Cucumber-6. For fruit length, Punjab Naveen × Pusa Parthenocarpic Cucumber-6 combinationpossessed significant additive gene effect which can be tapped through a simple selection procedure","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85671250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.9
V. Bidaramali, T. Bhutia, A. K. Sureja, A. Munshi, Amrita Das, B. G, G. S., T. Behera, S. S. Dey
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a major Cucurbitaceous vegetable crop widely grown in tropical andsubtropical regions of the world. Downy mildew is the most damaging disease in cucumber worldwide causingsignificant yield loss. The wide diversity in terms of different economically important traits including severityto downy mildew infestation is available in Indian-originated germplasm. To investigate the genetic inheritanceof cucumber downy mildew disease resistance, one resistant genotype (DC-70) from India was crossed with acontrasting susceptible genotype (DC-773). The parents and their progenies were evaluated in both field andnet house conditions for downy mildew disease resistance. Field condition data were recorded 4-times from30 days until the plants die. The lower leaf surface was inoculated 20-25 days after sowing at the seedlingstage by spraying the inoculum. The proportion of infection was recorded 4-times from 8-days to 65-daysafter inoculation, and the per cent disease index and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) werecalculated from these proportions. Based on the PDI and AUDPC, it was established that resistance to downymildew in the genotype, DC-70 was controlled by a major gene. Additive-dominance model fits the segregationdata and the additive effect was significant. Finally, the downy mildew disease inheritance pattern indicatedthat it is controlled by a single recessive gene in DC-70, which can be successfully introgressed into desiredelite genotypes to facilitate the downy mildew resistance breeding programme.
{"title":"Genetics of downy mildew resistance in indigenous cucumber germplasm","authors":"V. Bidaramali, T. Bhutia, A. K. Sureja, A. Munshi, Amrita Das, B. G, G. S., T. Behera, S. S. Dey","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a major Cucurbitaceous vegetable crop widely grown in tropical andsubtropical regions of the world. Downy mildew is the most damaging disease in cucumber worldwide causingsignificant yield loss. The wide diversity in terms of different economically important traits including severityto downy mildew infestation is available in Indian-originated germplasm. To investigate the genetic inheritanceof cucumber downy mildew disease resistance, one resistant genotype (DC-70) from India was crossed with acontrasting susceptible genotype (DC-773). The parents and their progenies were evaluated in both field andnet house conditions for downy mildew disease resistance. Field condition data were recorded 4-times from30 days until the plants die. The lower leaf surface was inoculated 20-25 days after sowing at the seedlingstage by spraying the inoculum. The proportion of infection was recorded 4-times from 8-days to 65-daysafter inoculation, and the per cent disease index and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) werecalculated from these proportions. Based on the PDI and AUDPC, it was established that resistance to downymildew in the genotype, DC-70 was controlled by a major gene. Additive-dominance model fits the segregationdata and the additive effect was significant. Finally, the downy mildew disease inheritance pattern indicatedthat it is controlled by a single recessive gene in DC-70, which can be successfully introgressed into desiredelite genotypes to facilitate the downy mildew resistance breeding programme.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"442 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82881934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.16
G. Choudhary, L. Bairwa, O. Garhwal, S. Bairwa, Manju Netwal, P. K. Kaswan, M. Chopra, R. Choudhary
Delayed transplanting and insufficient nutrient application are the major factors responsible for reducedonion yield. Proper planting time is critical for getting optimal bulb yield. Selection of right cultivar is one of themost important variables in getting higher growth and yield attributes for a particular agro-climatic condition. Anexperiment was conducted to determine the effect of transplanting date, cultivar and zinc application method onyield, yield attributes and economics of onion. Results were found to be significant for all the yield attributes,yield and economics of onion. Transplanting on 01st January significantly increased the average bulb weight(81.10 g), equatorial diameter (5.58 cm), polar diameter (4.52 cm), total bulb yield (387.42 q/ha), net return (Rs367963/ha) and B:C ratio (3.84) in a pooled analysis. Among the cultivars, significantly higher average bulbweight (79.37 g), equatorial diameter (5.48 cm), polar diameter (4.42 cm), total bulb yield (387.95 q/ha), net return(Rs 368680/ha) and B:C ratio (3.83) were recorded in Bhima Shakti. In zinc application methods, significantlyhigher average bulb weight (79.68 g), equatorial diameter (5.50 cm), polar diameter (4.42 cm), total bulb yield(386.67 q/ha), net return (Rs 364973/ha) and B:C ratio (3.78) were recorded with foliar spray of zinc sulphate @0.5 per cent at 30 & 45 DAT. The reduced neck thickness (0.70, 0.73 & 0.72 cm) was recorded on 01st Januarytransplanting, Bhima Shakti cultivar and foliar spray of zinc sulphate @ 0.5 per cent at 30 & 45 DAT, respectively.
{"title":"Effect of transplanting dates, cultivars and zinc on yield and economics of onion in semi-arid conditions in Rajasthan","authors":"G. Choudhary, L. Bairwa, O. Garhwal, S. Bairwa, Manju Netwal, P. K. Kaswan, M. Chopra, R. Choudhary","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Delayed transplanting and insufficient nutrient application are the major factors responsible for reducedonion yield. Proper planting time is critical for getting optimal bulb yield. Selection of right cultivar is one of themost important variables in getting higher growth and yield attributes for a particular agro-climatic condition. Anexperiment was conducted to determine the effect of transplanting date, cultivar and zinc application method onyield, yield attributes and economics of onion. Results were found to be significant for all the yield attributes,yield and economics of onion. Transplanting on 01st January significantly increased the average bulb weight(81.10 g), equatorial diameter (5.58 cm), polar diameter (4.52 cm), total bulb yield (387.42 q/ha), net return (Rs367963/ha) and B:C ratio (3.84) in a pooled analysis. Among the cultivars, significantly higher average bulbweight (79.37 g), equatorial diameter (5.48 cm), polar diameter (4.42 cm), total bulb yield (387.95 q/ha), net return(Rs 368680/ha) and B:C ratio (3.83) were recorded in Bhima Shakti. In zinc application methods, significantlyhigher average bulb weight (79.68 g), equatorial diameter (5.50 cm), polar diameter (4.42 cm), total bulb yield(386.67 q/ha), net return (Rs 364973/ha) and B:C ratio (3.78) were recorded with foliar spray of zinc sulphate @0.5 per cent at 30 & 45 DAT. The reduced neck thickness (0.70, 0.73 & 0.72 cm) was recorded on 01st Januarytransplanting, Bhima Shakti cultivar and foliar spray of zinc sulphate @ 0.5 per cent at 30 & 45 DAT, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78130144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.15
D. Mandal, R. Pal, A. Mohanty
Sclerotium rot of chilli caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the most devastating soil-borne diseases whichposes a problem for the successful cultivation of the crop. The present field investigation was carried out forthe biological management of Sclerotium rot of chilli during rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21. It was foundthat all the modules were effective to reduce the incidence of the disease. Among the biological modules, seedtreatment with T. viride + P. fluorescens @ 10.0 g/kg of seed and soil application of T. viride and P. fluorescens @2.5kg/ha and soil application of neem cake @ 5 q/ha + drenching with T. viride and P. fluorescens @10 g/l of watereach twice at 10 days interval starting from 30 DAT was most effective in reducing the incidence of the diseaseby 56.2% and increasing the fruit yield by 66.7% in comparison to untreated control. The treatment also improvedsoil microbial status and achieved the highest plant growth promotion in terms of plant height and leaf numberand maximum B:C ratio of 2.26.
{"title":"Biological management of Sclerotium rot of chilli","authors":"D. Mandal, R. Pal, A. Mohanty","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Sclerotium rot of chilli caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the most devastating soil-borne diseases whichposes a problem for the successful cultivation of the crop. The present field investigation was carried out forthe biological management of Sclerotium rot of chilli during rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21. It was foundthat all the modules were effective to reduce the incidence of the disease. Among the biological modules, seedtreatment with T. viride + P. fluorescens @ 10.0 g/kg of seed and soil application of T. viride and P. fluorescens @2.5kg/ha and soil application of neem cake @ 5 q/ha + drenching with T. viride and P. fluorescens @10 g/l of watereach twice at 10 days interval starting from 30 DAT was most effective in reducing the incidence of the diseaseby 56.2% and increasing the fruit yield by 66.7% in comparison to untreated control. The treatment also improvedsoil microbial status and achieved the highest plant growth promotion in terms of plant height and leaf numberand maximum B:C ratio of 2.26.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76695636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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