Pub Date : 2023-12-30DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.1
Navya Bhat, D. M R
Manifestation of virus resistance, shelf-life with dwarf stature are important pre-requisites for successful cultivation of papaya in India as it facilitates improved production, productivity and reduced post-harvest loss. One of the methods to create variability is to use mutagens in selected cultivar of papaya. Accordingly, the TILLING-based mutant populations of papaya cv. Arka Prabhath were generated through irradiation of gamma rays ranging from 50 to 500 Gy dosage. In this experiment, the putative mutant populations were evaluated and characterized based on morphological, fruit quality and physiological parameters. Desirable traits such as early flowering, reduced plant height and bearing height, papaya ring spot virus tolerant plants and fruits with extended shelf life were observed in the mutant population. Early flowering and reduced plant height with wide variation was found at 50 Gy wherein the first flowering was on 57 days with 43 cm of plant height in contrast to 80 days in control plants with 79 cm of plant height. Reduced bearing height (40 cm) was observed in 100 Gy with a mean bearing height of 70.65 cm in comparison to control plants (72.97 cm), range being 55 to 115 cm. Further, based on morphological traits twenty-one lines were selected for physiological and fruit quality trait evaluation. Reduction in physiological loss in weight, ethylene evolution rate and respiration rate were observed in the mutant lines treated with 150 Gy dosage. The results advocate the efficacy of gamma induced mutation for developing dwarf cultivar with improved quality and shelf-life of fruits.
{"title":"Evaluation and characterization of TILLING-based putative mutant populations of papaya cv. Arka Prabhath","authors":"Navya Bhat, D. M R","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Manifestation of virus resistance, shelf-life with dwarf stature are important pre-requisites for successful cultivation of papaya in India as it facilitates improved production, productivity and reduced post-harvest loss. One of the methods to create variability is to use mutagens in selected cultivar of papaya. Accordingly, the TILLING-based mutant populations of papaya cv. Arka Prabhath were generated through irradiation of gamma rays ranging from 50 to 500 Gy dosage. In this experiment, the putative mutant populations were evaluated and characterized based on morphological, fruit quality and physiological parameters. Desirable traits such as early flowering, reduced plant height and bearing height, papaya ring spot virus tolerant plants and fruits with extended shelf life were observed in the mutant population. Early flowering and reduced plant height with wide variation was found at 50 Gy wherein the first flowering was on 57 days with 43 cm of plant height in contrast to 80 days in control plants with 79 cm of plant height. Reduced bearing height (40 cm) was observed in 100 Gy with a mean bearing height of 70.65 cm in comparison to control plants (72.97 cm), range being 55 to 115 cm. Further, based on morphological traits twenty-one lines were selected for physiological and fruit quality trait evaluation. Reduction in physiological loss in weight, ethylene evolution rate and respiration rate were observed in the mutant lines treated with 150 Gy dosage. The results advocate the efficacy of gamma induced mutation for developing dwarf cultivar with improved quality and shelf-life of fruits.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cucumber growers suffer significant economic losses due to yield reductions caused by pest such as fruit fly and diseases like powdery mildew, and downy mildew. Therefore, one of the greatest ways to reduce losses caused by these pressures is to grow resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to estimate important genetic parameters to approximate inbred line performance in the F1 generation, and to identify appropriate F1 cross combinations resistant to these biotic stresses. Thirty F1 hybrid combinations were screened, along with 13 parents (ten diverse stable lines and three testers), and a standard check. The genotypes UHF-CUC-11, UHF-CUC-13, UHF-CUC-6, UHF-CUC-15, UHF-CUC-8, Solan Srijan and F1 cross-combinations UHF-CUC-11 × Solan Srijan, UHF-CUC-13 × Solan Srijan, UHF-CUC-6 × K-75, UHF-CUC-15 × Solan Srijan and UHF-CUC-8 × Solan Srijan were found superior for these biotic stresses in the experimental results. Additionally, the predominance of non-additive gene activity due to genetic complementation between parents suggests that heterosis breeding could be helpful in enhancing these features in cucumber. Therefore, the present study's identification of resistant parents and hybrid combinations can be used to introduce the resistance genes into the necessary elite backgrounds of cucumber for the generation of biotic stress resistant varieties/hybrids.
由于果蝇等害虫和白粉病、霜霉病等病害造成减产，黄瓜种植者蒙受了巨大的经济损失。因此，减少这些压力造成的损失的最佳途径之一就是培育抗性品种。本研究的目的是估算 F1 代近交系表现的重要遗传参数，并确定抗这些生物胁迫的适当 F1 杂交组合。研究人员筛选了 30 个 F1 杂交组合、13 个亲本（10 个不同的稳定品系和 3 个测试品系）以及 1 个标准对照。实验结果表明，基因型 UHF-CUC-11、UHF-CUC-13、UHF-CUC-6、UHF-CUC-15、UHF-CUC-8、Solan Srijan 和 F1 杂交组合 UHF-CUC-11 × Solan Srijan、UHF-CUC-13 × Solan Srijan、UHF-CUC-6 × K-75、UHF-CUC-15 × Solan Srijan 和 UHF-CUC-8 × Solan Srijan 在这些生物胁迫方面表现优异。此外，由于亲本间的遗传互补，非加成基因活动占主导地位，这表明杂交育种有助于提高黄瓜的这些特性。因此，本研究对抗性亲本和杂交组合的鉴定可用于将抗性基因引入必要的黄瓜精英背景，以培育抗生物胁迫的品种/杂交种。
{"title":"Development and assessment of biotic stress tolerant cucumber hybrids using land races and commercial varieties","authors":"Reena Kumari, Ramesh Kumar, Rajeev Kumar, Aanchal Chauhan, Kumari Shiwani","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Cucumber growers suffer significant economic losses due to yield reductions caused by pest such as fruit fly and diseases like powdery mildew, and downy mildew. Therefore, one of the greatest ways to reduce losses caused by these pressures is to grow resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to estimate important genetic parameters to approximate inbred line performance in the F1 generation, and to identify appropriate F1 cross combinations resistant to these biotic stresses. Thirty F1 hybrid combinations were screened, along with 13 parents (ten diverse stable lines and three testers), and a standard check. The genotypes UHF-CUC-11, UHF-CUC-13, UHF-CUC-6, UHF-CUC-15, UHF-CUC-8, Solan Srijan and F1 cross-combinations UHF-CUC-11 × Solan Srijan, UHF-CUC-13 × Solan Srijan, UHF-CUC-6 × K-75, UHF-CUC-15 × Solan Srijan and UHF-CUC-8 × Solan Srijan were found superior for these biotic stresses in the experimental results. Additionally, the predominance of non-additive gene activity due to genetic complementation between parents suggests that heterosis breeding could be helpful in enhancing these features in cucumber. Therefore, the present study's identification of resistant parents and hybrid combinations can be used to introduce the resistance genes into the necessary elite backgrounds of cucumber for the generation of biotic stress resistant varieties/hybrids.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amomum subulatum Roxb, also known as large cardamom, is an herbaceous plant cultivated in Sikkim, India for its aromatic seeds with diverse applications in food, beverages, perfumery, and medicine. In this study, we aimed at Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based chemical fingerprinting through analyzing volatile compounds in seeds and assess the relatedness among seven large cardamom cultivars grown in the Sikkim hill region. We examined the phytochemical composition of large cardamom seed extract using GC/MS analysis. The results indicated significant differences in volatile compounds among the cultivars. The major bioactive components unravelled were 1,8-cineole (76.37-90.63%), α-terpineol (1.73-13.40%), α-terpinolene (0.23-11.51%), β-pinene (0.54-4.13%), γ-terpinolene (0.77-4.47%), and α-pinene (0.35-1.86%), which possess notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory as well as antibacterial properties. Principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram analyses revealed similarity of large cardamom cultivar ICRI SKM-1 with ICRI SKM-2 and Seremna while showed close relatedness among the cultivars such as Ramsey, Ramla, and Sawney based on their phytochemical composition. These findings have important implications for large cardamom breeding programme. The findings of this study also elucidated the potentiality of large cardamom seed extracts for commercial applications in various industries, including medicine, food, and cosmetics.
{"title":"GC-MS based chemical fingerprinting large cardamom cultivars of Sikkim","authors":"Dipak Nayak, Bharat Gudade, Supradip Saha, Khusbu Sharma, Suchisree Jha, Bhumika Pradhan, Prananatha Barman, Tarama Chatterjee5, Arup Mandal","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"Amomum subulatum Roxb, also known as large cardamom, is an herbaceous plant cultivated in Sikkim, India for its aromatic seeds with diverse applications in food, beverages, perfumery, and medicine. In this study, we aimed at Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based chemical fingerprinting through analyzing volatile compounds in seeds and assess the relatedness among seven large cardamom cultivars grown in the Sikkim hill region. We examined the phytochemical composition of large cardamom seed extract using GC/MS analysis. The results indicated significant differences in volatile compounds among the cultivars. The major bioactive components unravelled were 1,8-cineole (76.37-90.63%), α-terpineol (1.73-13.40%), α-terpinolene (0.23-11.51%), β-pinene (0.54-4.13%), γ-terpinolene (0.77-4.47%), and α-pinene (0.35-1.86%), which possess notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory as well as antibacterial properties. Principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram analyses revealed similarity of large cardamom cultivar ICRI SKM-1 with ICRI SKM-2 and Seremna while showed close relatedness among the cultivars such as Ramsey, Ramla, and Sawney based on their phytochemical composition. These findings have important implications for large cardamom breeding programme. The findings of this study also elucidated the potentiality of large cardamom seed extracts for commercial applications in various industries, including medicine, food, and cosmetics.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-30DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.2
Rajni Rajan, Muhammad Feza Ahmad, Awadhesh Pal, Kuldeep Pandey
An investigation was carried out to initiate in vitro mutagenesis in banana cv. Grand Naine shoot tip culture. Based on the sensitivity of explants, the lethal dose was estimated using probit analysis. The LD50 dose of gamma irradiation of the banana shoot tip culture was determined to be 39.5 Gy. It was also discovered that the number of new shoots rose with the number of subculture days, with the largest number of shoots recorded at 40 Gy. The study also discovered that when 13 DAS explants were treated with 10 Gy, they recovered the greatest number of shoots. As a result of the negative effects of higher doses of irradiation, it was decided that determining the lethal dose can be very beneficial in reducing population loss. Its further optimization may be effective in developing significant variations with a certain trait of interest.
对香蕉品种 Grand Naine 的芽尖培养进行了体外诱变调查。根据外植体的敏感性，利用概率分析估算了致死剂量。经测定，伽马射线照射香蕉芽尖培养物的半数致死剂量为 39.5 Gy。研究还发现，新芽的数量随着亚培养天数的增加而增加，在 40 Gy 时记录到的新芽数量最多。研究还发现，用 10 Gy 处理 13 DAS 的外植体时，它们恢复的芽数量最多。由于较高剂量的辐照会产生负面影响，因此确定致死剂量对减少种群损失非常有益。进一步优化该剂量可能会有效地开发出具有某种相关性状的显著变异。
{"title":"Assessment of radiation sensitivity and regeneration in shoot tip culture of banana cv. Grand Naine","authors":"Rajni Rajan, Muhammad Feza Ahmad, Awadhesh Pal, Kuldeep Pandey","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation was carried out to initiate in vitro mutagenesis in banana cv. Grand Naine shoot tip culture. Based on the sensitivity of explants, the lethal dose was estimated using probit analysis. The LD50 dose of gamma irradiation of the banana shoot tip culture was determined to be 39.5 Gy. It was also discovered that the number of new shoots rose with the number of subculture days, with the largest number of shoots recorded at 40 Gy. The study also discovered that when 13 DAS explants were treated with 10 Gy, they recovered the greatest number of shoots. As a result of the negative effects of higher doses of irradiation, it was decided that determining the lethal dose can be very beneficial in reducing population loss. Its further optimization may be effective in developing significant variations with a certain trait of interest.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.5
Dharminder Singh, Madhu Bala, Aman Sharma
The research was conducted to induce variations in the chrysanthemum variety ‘Mother Teresa’ in 2020-21. The purpose was to generate and detect the desirable variants concerning altered flower colour, formand flower yield from the treated population. The terminal rooted cuttings were irradiated with different γ-raydoses (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy) using Cobalt 60 (60Co) as the source and evaluated further along with the controlpopulation, i.e. without irradiations. The observations on various morphological and floral parameters wererecorded and compared with the control population (non-irradiated). Marked floral changes about altered flowercolour, shape, form and changes in leaf shape, colour and sizes were observed with higher doses of gammairradiations. Percent flower colour variations were recorded as 4.10% at 10 Gy, 1.56% at 15 Gy and 4.25% at 20Gy dose. The present study, 11 variants were detected with altered flower colour and form with 10 to 20 Gy-raydoses. The study developed an efficient protocol for the induction of mutations using γ-rays in chrysanthemum.
{"title":"Induced mutations in chrysanthemum through gamma rays","authors":"Dharminder Singh, Madhu Bala, Aman Sharma","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted to induce variations in the chrysanthemum variety ‘Mother Teresa’ in 2020-21. The purpose was to generate and detect the desirable variants concerning altered flower colour, formand flower yield from the treated population. The terminal rooted cuttings were irradiated with different γ-raydoses (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy) using Cobalt 60 (60Co) as the source and evaluated further along with the controlpopulation, i.e. without irradiations. The observations on various morphological and floral parameters wererecorded and compared with the control population (non-irradiated). Marked floral changes about altered flowercolour, shape, form and changes in leaf shape, colour and sizes were observed with higher doses of gammairradiations. Percent flower colour variations were recorded as 4.10% at 10 Gy, 1.56% at 15 Gy and 4.25% at 20Gy dose. The present study, 11 variants were detected with altered flower colour and form with 10 to 20 Gy-raydoses. The study developed an efficient protocol for the induction of mutations using γ-rays in chrysanthemum.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.6
None Bolagam Ravikumar, K. K. Dhatt
Estimation of genetic variability assists in determining the contribution of various plant parameters inexhibiting the improvement of genotypes under a specific set of environmental factors. Genetic analysis allows us to clearly understand various morphological, physiological, and genetic traits, in addition to the type and extent of their role in the advancement of cultivars. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate six inbred lines of periwinkle (Vi-15-1, Vi-13-2, Vi-16, Vi-15-2, Vi-29, Vi-14-3), and their cross combinations in the full diallel fashion for ornamentally important characters. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variations for all the parameters in all the inbred lines utilized in the study. The highest broad sense heritability estimates were observed for the number of seeds/follicles (H= 97.77 %) in the parents, whereas plant height had the highest heritability in the cross combinations (H= 98.73%). The high values of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation in parents (PCV=34.41; GCV=34.02) and crosses (PCV=25.49; GCV=24.93) were recorded for thenumber of seeds/follicles. In the present study, moderate to high heritability together with a high percentage of genetic advance was recorded for seeds/follicle, follicle length, primary branches/plant, plant height, internode length and plant spread, suggesting that the additive gene action controlled these characters. Therefore, the results suggested the existence of variability for studied traits in these periwinkle inbred lines, which should be improved in future breeding.
{"title":"Assessment of genetic parameters in periwinkle through diallel analysis","authors":"None Bolagam Ravikumar, K. K. Dhatt","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Estimation of genetic variability assists in determining the contribution of various plant parameters inexhibiting the improvement of genotypes under a specific set of environmental factors. Genetic analysis allows us to clearly understand various morphological, physiological, and genetic traits, in addition to the type and extent of their role in the advancement of cultivars. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate six inbred lines of periwinkle (Vi-15-1, Vi-13-2, Vi-16, Vi-15-2, Vi-29, Vi-14-3), and their cross combinations in the full diallel fashion for ornamentally important characters. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variations for all the parameters in all the inbred lines utilized in the study. The highest broad sense heritability estimates were observed for the number of seeds/follicles (H= 97.77 %) in the parents, whereas plant height had the highest heritability in the cross combinations (H= 98.73%). The high values of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation in parents (PCV=34.41; GCV=34.02) and crosses (PCV=25.49; GCV=24.93) were recorded for thenumber of seeds/follicles. In the present study, moderate to high heritability together with a high percentage of genetic advance was recorded for seeds/follicle, follicle length, primary branches/plant, plant height, internode length and plant spread, suggesting that the additive gene action controlled these characters. Therefore, the results suggested the existence of variability for studied traits in these periwinkle inbred lines, which should be improved in future breeding.","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.3
Harsimran Kamboj, Krishan Kumar, J. S. Brar, Anil Kumar, Parshotam Kumar (PK) Arora
Micro-propagation is a vital technique for round-the-year clonal multiplication of plants. Jamun is anindigenous fruit tree with great pharmacological importance. Two explants viz., shoot tips and nodal explants were cultured from January to May. The shoot regeneration from nodal explants was tested using 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP; 1.0-4.0 mg l-1) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0-0.25 mg l-1), while rooting was investigated with NAA (0.5-2.0 mg l-1). Maximum explant establishment was recorded in May. The nodal explants showed better establishment response (50.0%) than shoot tips (40.7%). The maximum shoot regeneration (72.16%) and earliest evocation response from nodal segments (14.0 days) were obtained with combinations of BAP (2.0 mg l-1) and NAA (0.25 mg l-1). Silver nitrate (AgNO3 @ 3.0 mg l-1) enabled shoot proliferation. Maximum rooting occurred on the medium containing 0.5 mg l-1 NAA. The in vitro plants were hardened on the potting mixture of cocopeat (4): perlite (1): vermiculite (1).
{"title":"Optimization of in vitro propagation of jamun variety Konkan Bahadoli","authors":"Harsimran Kamboj, Krishan Kumar, J. S. Brar, Anil Kumar, Parshotam Kumar (PK) Arora","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-propagation is a vital technique for round-the-year clonal multiplication of plants. Jamun is anindigenous fruit tree with great pharmacological importance. Two explants viz., shoot tips and nodal explants were cultured from January to May. The shoot regeneration from nodal explants was tested using 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP; 1.0-4.0 mg l-1) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0-0.25 mg l-1), while rooting was investigated with NAA (0.5-2.0 mg l-1). Maximum explant establishment was recorded in May. The nodal explants showed better establishment response (50.0%) than shoot tips (40.7%). The maximum shoot regeneration (72.16%) and earliest evocation response from nodal segments (14.0 days) were obtained with combinations of BAP (2.0 mg l-1) and NAA (0.25 mg l-1). Silver nitrate (AgNO3 @ 3.0 mg l-1) enabled shoot proliferation. Maximum rooting occurred on the medium containing 0.5 mg l-1 NAA. The in vitro plants were hardened on the potting mixture of cocopeat (4): perlite (1): vermiculite (1).","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.8
J. K. Soni, None Vishambhar Dayal, S. K. Sunani, Lalramhlimi Bawitlung, Amit Kumar, Ingudam Shakuntala, Sunil Doley
The field study on ginger was carried out at ICAR Research Farm, Mizoram Centre, for three consecutive years (2019-2021). The best selection criteria for crop improvement were determined based on genetic component analyses and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). There exists highly significant variation for all traits due to genotypes based on analysis of variance. The highest extent of variability was recorded in oleoresin content. The magnitude of heritability and genetic gain was moderate to high for LAI, leaves per hill, tillers per plant, fresh weight of clump, rhizomes per plant, dry recovery, total chlorophyll, total phenol content, 6-gingerol and oleoresin content, indicating the additive gene control for which choosing of these traits will be beneficial. The rhizome yield exhibited the highest positive correlation with leaves per hill, followed by LAI and tillers per plant. Direct selection of characters like LAI, fresh weight of clump, rhizomes per plant and 6-gingerol content could be most reliable for yield improvement. Based on PCA and bi-plot figures, LAI, tillers per plant, leavesper hill, rhizomes per plant, fresh weight of clump, and yield of rhizomes contributed mostly to genetic diversity among the ginger genotypes and ‘Bold Nadia’, ‘Bhaise’ and ‘PGS 102’ were identified as the best genotypes possessing optimum combinations of yield and quality traits for exploitation in future programmes under Mizoram condition
{"title":"Improvement of ginger for yield and quality traits under the hill ecosystem of Mizoram","authors":"J. K. Soni, None Vishambhar Dayal, S. K. Sunani, Lalramhlimi Bawitlung, Amit Kumar, Ingudam Shakuntala, Sunil Doley","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"The field study on ginger was carried out at ICAR Research Farm, Mizoram Centre, for three consecutive years (2019-2021). The best selection criteria for crop improvement were determined based on genetic component analyses and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). There exists highly significant variation for all traits due to genotypes based on analysis of variance. The highest extent of variability was recorded in oleoresin content. The magnitude of heritability and genetic gain was moderate to high for LAI, leaves per hill, tillers per plant, fresh weight of clump, rhizomes per plant, dry recovery, total chlorophyll, total phenol content, 6-gingerol and oleoresin content, indicating the additive gene control for which choosing of these traits will be beneficial. The rhizome yield exhibited the highest positive correlation with leaves per hill, followed by LAI and tillers per plant. Direct selection of characters like LAI, fresh weight of clump, rhizomes per plant and 6-gingerol content could be most reliable for yield improvement. Based on PCA and bi-plot figures, LAI, tillers per plant, leavesper hill, rhizomes per plant, fresh weight of clump, and yield of rhizomes contributed mostly to genetic diversity among the ginger genotypes and ‘Bold Nadia’, ‘Bhaise’ and ‘PGS 102’ were identified as the best genotypes possessing optimum combinations of yield and quality traits for exploitation in future programmes under Mizoram condition","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.10
Apoorv Prakash, A. K. Dixit, Rohinish Khurana, Manjeet Singh, A. K. Mahal, G. S. Manes
A tractor-operated hydraulically controlled tree shaker was developed to harvest Aonla (Phyllanthusemblica) and Jamun (Syzygium cumini) fruits. This machine generates vibration to shake fruit trees withprovision to hold the tree trunk up to 2438 mm high. Besides, a collecting basket made of green net with fully opened diameter of 6706 mm has also been developed. Performance assessment of the machine was carried out on Aonla and Jamun fruit trees at two different stroke rates and compared with the traditional method of fruit harvesting. The best results were obtained at stroke rates 1480 ± 8 and 1600 ± 12 rpm for Aonla and Jamun trees, respectively. The average harvest per tree at these stroke rates was 52.99 kg and 12.53 kg for Aonla and Jamun trees, respectively. Mature, immature, and damaged harvested fruits were 78.59%, 5.59% and 15.81%, respectively, for Aonla. In Jamun, the mature, immature, and damaged harvests were 82.34%, 7.10%, and 10.56%, respectively. The overall fuel consumption for harvesting Aonla and Jamun fruits was 5.6 and 6.06 l/h, respectively. For Aonla, the cost of harvesting with the machine was Rs. 5.03/kg, whereas it was Rs. 20.94/kg for jamun. In contrast, the cost of harvesting in the traditional method was Rs. 4.20/kg for Aonla and Rs. 15/kg for Jamun. The cost of operation was higher due to the harvesting of untrained, non-pruned treesand the machine being a functional prototype. The overall saving in labour was 74-80% in Aonla and 75-80% in Jamun fruit harvesting compared to the manual method
{"title":"Tractor-operated hydraulically controlled tree shaker for harvesting fruits","authors":"Apoorv Prakash, A. K. Dixit, Rohinish Khurana, Manjeet Singh, A. K. Mahal, G. S. Manes","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"A tractor-operated hydraulically controlled tree shaker was developed to harvest Aonla (Phyllanthusemblica) and Jamun (Syzygium cumini) fruits. This machine generates vibration to shake fruit trees withprovision to hold the tree trunk up to 2438 mm high. Besides, a collecting basket made of green net with fully opened diameter of 6706 mm has also been developed. Performance assessment of the machine was carried out on Aonla and Jamun fruit trees at two different stroke rates and compared with the traditional method of fruit harvesting. The best results were obtained at stroke rates 1480 ± 8 and 1600 ± 12 rpm for Aonla and Jamun trees, respectively. The average harvest per tree at these stroke rates was 52.99 kg and 12.53 kg for Aonla and Jamun trees, respectively. Mature, immature, and damaged harvested fruits were 78.59%, 5.59% and 15.81%, respectively, for Aonla. In Jamun, the mature, immature, and damaged harvests were 82.34%, 7.10%, and 10.56%, respectively. The overall fuel consumption for harvesting Aonla and Jamun fruits was 5.6 and 6.06 l/h, respectively. For Aonla, the cost of harvesting with the machine was Rs. 5.03/kg, whereas it was Rs. 20.94/kg for jamun. In contrast, the cost of harvesting in the traditional method was Rs. 4.20/kg for Aonla and Rs. 15/kg for Jamun. The cost of operation was higher due to the harvesting of untrained, non-pruned treesand the machine being a functional prototype. The overall saving in labour was 74-80% in Aonla and 75-80% in Jamun fruit harvesting compared to the manual method","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.2
Rajender Kumar, D. C. Dimri, Nikesh Chandra, Jitendra Singh, Shivran ., Sampurna Nand Singh
Analysis of the morphology and ultrastructure of pollen grains using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)has shown to be an effective method for identifying related genotypes of peach. The micromorphology of pollengrains of 15 peach genotypes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was studied. The anther colour ofthe accessions examined differed considerably, varying from red (11 Nos), dark red (Selection-12),creamishwhite (Sharbati Late), purple (Selection-1) and yellow (Selection-2) in colour. All the accessions and cultivarsstudied showed tricolporated pollens. Pant Peach-1 had the longest pollen (48.68 μm), and Sharbati Late hadthe shortest pollens (34.44 μm). The highest pollen width was noticed in IC-360680 (38.64 μm) and minimumin Sharbati Late (24.94 μm). All the peach cultivars displayed striate and tectum perforatum ornamentationregarding the surface features. Striae width ranged between 0.25 μm (Pratap) to 0.55 μm (IC-360680), while thehighest groove width was noted in Pant Peach-1 (0.60 μm) and mi nimum in Selection-2 (0.19 μm).
{"title":"Morphological and anatomical studies of pollen in peaches","authors":"Rajender Kumar, D. C. Dimri, Nikesh Chandra, Jitendra Singh, Shivran ., Sampurna Nand Singh","doi":"10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the morphology and ultrastructure of pollen grains using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)has shown to be an effective method for identifying related genotypes of peach. The micromorphology of pollengrains of 15 peach genotypes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was studied. The anther colour ofthe accessions examined differed considerably, varying from red (11 Nos), dark red (Selection-12),creamishwhite (Sharbati Late), purple (Selection-1) and yellow (Selection-2) in colour. All the accessions and cultivarsstudied showed tricolporated pollens. Pant Peach-1 had the longest pollen (48.68 μm), and Sharbati Late hadthe shortest pollens (34.44 μm). The highest pollen width was noticed in IC-360680 (38.64 μm) and minimumin Sharbati Late (24.94 μm). All the peach cultivars displayed striate and tectum perforatum ornamentationregarding the surface features. Striae width ranged between 0.25 μm (Pratap) to 0.55 μm (IC-360680), while thehighest groove width was noted in Pant Peach-1 (0.60 μm) and mi nimum in Selection-2 (0.19 μm).","PeriodicalId":13449,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Horticulture","volume":"418 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：