Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women on a global scale, affecting an average of 2.1 million individuals annually. In addition, several studies have shown that it is often treated using chemotherapy drugs and targeted therapy, but these treatment methods have been reported to have side effects on the cardiovascular system. This indicates that there is a need to develop new and effective strategies to prevent the associated side effects. Therefore, this systematic review aims to obtain cardioprotection strategies to prevent cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or targeted therapy. Methods: Data collection was carried out using the online database PubMed with keywords ((cardioprotection) AND (breast cancer therapy) AND (cardiotoxic) OR (Cardiac dysfunction.)) From the initial search, a total of 150 studies were obtained, while articles that did not meet the eligibility criteria were excluded. Furthermore, the articles were reviewed using full-text reading, leading to the inclusion of nineteen in this systematic review. Results: A total of eleven studies evaluated the effect of cardio-protective drugs on Anthracycline (ANT), and nine assessed Trastuzumab. The results showed that eight studies used Beta-blocker (BB) as cardio-protective strategies, while one, one, three, two, one, one, and one utilized Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), ARB + Beta-blocker, ACE-inhibitor (ACE-I) + Beta-blocker, ACE-I/ARB/BB, spironolactone, statin, and Dexrazoxane (DZR), respectively. In large reports, the risk of CTRCD was reduced by the use of a combination of RAAS inhibitors and Beta-blockers. Furthermore, spironolactone, statins, and DZR mitigated the decrease in LVEF compared to the control group in small studies. Conclusions: Based on the results, chemotherapy decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and induced heart failure. Furthermore, the review showed that a combination of reninangiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors and Beta-blockers reduced CTRCD. Future studies in larger settings were needed to investigate the efficacy of other strategies, such as statins, Spironolactone, exercise, and DZR.
{"title":"A Systematic Review on Cardioprotection Strategies to Prevent Breast Cancer Therapy Cardiotoxicity","authors":"Sidhi Laksono, Nathania Purnomo, Hillary Kusharsamita","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.996","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women on a global scale, affecting an average of 2.1 million individuals annually. In addition, several studies have shown that it is often treated using chemotherapy drugs and targeted therapy, but these treatment methods have been reported to have side effects on the cardiovascular system. This indicates that there is a need to develop new and effective strategies to prevent the associated side effects. Therefore, this systematic review aims to obtain cardioprotection strategies to prevent cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or targeted therapy. Methods: Data collection was carried out using the online database PubMed with keywords ((cardioprotection) AND (breast cancer therapy) AND (cardiotoxic) OR (Cardiac dysfunction.)) From the initial search, a total of 150 studies were obtained, while articles that did not meet the eligibility criteria were excluded. Furthermore, the articles were reviewed using full-text reading, leading to the inclusion of nineteen in this systematic review. Results: A total of eleven studies evaluated the effect of cardio-protective drugs on Anthracycline (ANT), and nine assessed Trastuzumab. The results showed that eight studies used Beta-blocker (BB) as cardio-protective strategies, while one, one, three, two, one, one, and one utilized Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), ARB + Beta-blocker, ACE-inhibitor (ACE-I) + Beta-blocker, ACE-I/ARB/BB, spironolactone, statin, and Dexrazoxane (DZR), respectively. In large reports, the risk of CTRCD was reduced by the use of a combination of RAAS inhibitors and Beta-blockers. Furthermore, spironolactone, statins, and DZR mitigated the decrease in LVEF compared to the control group in small studies. Conclusions: Based on the results, chemotherapy decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and induced heart failure. Furthermore, the review showed that a combination of reninangiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors and Beta-blockers reduced CTRCD. Future studies in larger settings were needed to investigate the efficacy of other strategies, such as statins, Spironolactone, exercise, and DZR.","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"39 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1010
Nur Latifah Alfaina Hidayat, Y. Yenita, D. Khambri
Background: The degree of differentiation and the incidence of lymphovascular infiltration in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) are several determinants of the prognosis and survival of sufferers. This disease has a more aggressive clinical course than other breast cancer phenotypes. Targeted therapy has not been able to improve survival in TNBC patients. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the degree of differentiation and lymphovascular infiltration in Triple Negative Breast Cancer in West Sumatra. Methods: This is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The number of study samples was 44 TNBC patients at the Ropanasuri Special Surgery Hospital, Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital, and RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, Padang, in 2016–2021. The data studied were the degree of differentiation and lymphovascular infiltration from the results of anatomical pathology examination which were analyzed using the Chi Square test. Results: The most histopathological types in TNBC were Invasive Carcinoma Mammae of No Special Type (79,5%) with the most age range of patients over 60 years (43,2%). The majority of the degrees of differentiation found were grade II (75%), lymphovascular infiltration negative category (65,9%), and there was a significant relationship (p < 0,001) between the degree of differentiation and lymphovascular infiltration in TNBC Conclusions: There was a relationship between the degree of differentiation and lymphovascular infiltration in TNBC, namely the higher the histopathological grade of cancer cells, the higher the probability of experiencing lymphovascular infiltration.
背景：三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）的分化程度和淋巴管浸润发生率是患者预后和生存的几个决定因素。与其他乳腺癌表型相比，这种疾病的临床病程更具侵袭性。靶向治疗无法提高 TNBC 患者的生存率。本研究旨在分析西苏门答腊三阴性乳腺癌分化程度与淋巴管浸润之间的关系。研究方法这是一项横断面观察分析研究。研究样本数量为2016-2021年巴东罗帕纳苏里特别外科医院、伊布努-西纳伊斯兰医院和RSUP Dr. M. Djamil的44名TNBC患者。研究数据为解剖病理检查结果中的分化程度和淋巴管浸润情况，并使用Chi Square检验进行分析。研究结果TNBC中最常见的组织病理学类型是无特殊类型的浸润性乳腺癌（79.5%），患者年龄大多在60岁以上（43.2%）。TNBC患者的分化程度大多为II级（75%），淋巴管浸润为阴性（65.9%），分化程度与淋巴管浸润之间存在显著关系（p < 0.001 结论：TNBC患者的分化程度与淋巴管浸润之间存在显著关系（p < 0.001）：TNBC的分化程度与淋巴管浸润之间存在一定关系，即癌细胞的组织病理学分级越高，出现淋巴管浸润的概率就越高。
{"title":"The Relationship between Degree of Differentiation with the Incidence of Lymphovascular Infiltration Triple Negative Breast Cancer in West Sumatera","authors":"Nur Latifah Alfaina Hidayat, Y. Yenita, D. Khambri","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1010","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The degree of differentiation and the incidence of lymphovascular infiltration in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) are several determinants of the prognosis and survival of sufferers. This disease has a more aggressive clinical course than other breast cancer phenotypes. Targeted therapy has not been able to improve survival in TNBC patients. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the degree of differentiation and lymphovascular infiltration in Triple Negative Breast Cancer in West Sumatra. Methods: This is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The number of study samples was 44 TNBC patients at the Ropanasuri Special Surgery Hospital, Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital, and RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, Padang, in 2016–2021. The data studied were the degree of differentiation and lymphovascular infiltration from the results of anatomical pathology examination which were analyzed using the Chi Square test. Results: The most histopathological types in TNBC were Invasive Carcinoma Mammae of No Special Type (79,5%) with the most age range of patients over 60 years (43,2%). The majority of the degrees of differentiation found were grade II (75%), lymphovascular infiltration negative category (65,9%), and there was a significant relationship (p < 0,001) between the degree of differentiation and lymphovascular infiltration in TNBC Conclusions: There was a relationship between the degree of differentiation and lymphovascular infiltration in TNBC, namely the higher the histopathological grade of cancer cells, the higher the probability of experiencing lymphovascular infiltration.","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"58 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: : Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is an uncommon malignancy with a high mortality rate. The disease is commonly found as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), mainly located in the heart or pericardium. PCL is difficult to diagnose due to its unspecific clinical manifestations. Echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) scanning, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can help in diagnosing PCL, but histopathological examination is the gold standard for a definitive diagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the case of malignant cardiac lymphoma and MRI with earlier related literature. Case Presentation: This study reported a case of PCL in 52 years old male who came to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital with intra cardiac tumour and underwent surgery with median sternotomy. CT scan of the chest showed a mass in the left atrial and no significant abnormalities in other organs. Histopathological examination showed the morphologic feature of diffuse monotonous proliferation of atypical large B lymphocytes. The lymphoma diagnosis was supported by immunohistochemistry including CD20, MUM1, and Ki67 positivity. Conclusions: PCL was difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific clinical manifestations. Immunostaining helped to diagnose more specifically and determine the treatment plan. Histologic finding from PCL was mostly Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the prognosis was poor. Therefore, identifying the subtype of DLBCL was important for prognostic.
{"title":"An Assessment of Primary Cardiac Lymphoma: A Rare Case in Indonesia","authors":"Sitti Fatimah Hanum, Endang Sri Roostini Hardjolukito, Budiana Tanurahardja, Aninda Dinar Widiantari, Farida Murtiani","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1038","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: : Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is an uncommon malignancy with a high mortality rate. The disease is commonly found as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), mainly located in the heart or pericardium. PCL is difficult to diagnose due to its unspecific clinical manifestations. Echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) scanning, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can help in diagnosing PCL, but histopathological examination is the gold standard for a definitive diagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the case of malignant cardiac lymphoma and MRI with earlier related literature. Case Presentation: This study reported a case of PCL in 52 years old male who came to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital with intra cardiac tumour and underwent surgery with median sternotomy. CT scan of the chest showed a mass in the left atrial and no significant abnormalities in other organs. Histopathological examination showed the morphologic feature of diffuse monotonous proliferation of atypical large B lymphocytes. The lymphoma diagnosis was supported by immunohistochemistry including CD20, MUM1, and Ki67 positivity. Conclusions: PCL was difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific clinical manifestations. Immunostaining helped to diagnose more specifically and determine the treatment plan. Histologic finding from PCL was mostly Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the prognosis was poor. Therefore, identifying the subtype of DLBCL was important for prognostic.","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"13 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1125
Novan Ardiansyah, Ferry Safriadi
Background: Kidney cancer accounts for 5% and 3% of all malignancies in men and women, respectively, representing the 7th most common cancer in men and the 10th most common cancer in women. In Asia, especially in Indonesia, the incidence of kidney cancer has not been widely reported. Therefore, researchers intend to investigate the characteristics of Kidney Cancer at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, during the period 2015–2019. Methods: This research is a descriptive retrospective study taken from the medical records of patients with kidney cancer in the Department of Urology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital. The study was conducted from June 2019 until all the medical record data for the sample were fulfilled. The data included age, gender, and histopathological findings. Results: From the data collection, it was found that there were a total of 126 patients with kidney cancer, occurring in 83 male patients (65.8%) and 43 female patients (34.2%). The age group 0–10 years dominated the occurrence of kidney cancer, with 32 out of 126 patients (25.4%), followed by the 41–50 age group with 30 patients (23.8%), and the 21–30 age group had the fewest diagnoses of kidney cancer. A total of 78 patients (61.9%) were diagnosed with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC). Clear cell RCC was more common, with 64 cases (50.7%), compared to papillary RCC with 13 cases (10.3%) and Chromophobe RCC with 1 case (0.8%). The most commonly found kidney cancer was Wilm’s tumor, with 33 patients (26.1%), occurring in individuals under 20 years of age. Conclusion: This study found that kidney cancer is more common in males than in females. RCC is the most frequently diagnosed type, with clear cell subtype being predominant, especially in patients over 40 years of age. Wilm’s tumor dominates kidney cancer cases in individuals under 20 years of age.
{"title":"Characteristics of Kidney Cancer Patients At Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung","authors":"Novan Ardiansyah, Ferry Safriadi","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kidney cancer accounts for 5% and 3% of all malignancies in men and women, respectively, representing the 7th most common cancer in men and the 10th most common cancer in women. In Asia, especially in Indonesia, the incidence of kidney cancer has not been widely reported. Therefore, researchers intend to investigate the characteristics of Kidney Cancer at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, during the period 2015–2019. Methods: This research is a descriptive retrospective study taken from the medical records of patients with kidney cancer in the Department of Urology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital. The study was conducted from June 2019 until all the medical record data for the sample were fulfilled. The data included age, gender, and histopathological findings. Results: From the data collection, it was found that there were a total of 126 patients with kidney cancer, occurring in 83 male patients (65.8%) and 43 female patients (34.2%). The age group 0–10 years dominated the occurrence of kidney cancer, with 32 out of 126 patients (25.4%), followed by the 41–50 age group with 30 patients (23.8%), and the 21–30 age group had the fewest diagnoses of kidney cancer. A total of 78 patients (61.9%) were diagnosed with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC). Clear cell RCC was more common, with 64 cases (50.7%), compared to papillary RCC with 13 cases (10.3%) and Chromophobe RCC with 1 case (0.8%). The most commonly found kidney cancer was Wilm’s tumor, with 33 patients (26.1%), occurring in individuals under 20 years of age. Conclusion: This study found that kidney cancer is more common in males than in females. RCC is the most frequently diagnosed type, with clear cell subtype being predominant, especially in patients over 40 years of age. Wilm’s tumor dominates kidney cancer cases in individuals under 20 years of age.","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Verawati Sutedjo, W. Soewondo, Mira Yuniarti, Jeffry Beta Tenggara, D. Erawati
Introduction: Cardiac involvement, particularly myocardial infiltration in primary mediastinal lymphoma, is a rare occurrence with an incidence of only 9% in known cases of primary malignancy. Neoplasm infiltration into the myocardium manifests through direct invasion, hematogenous spread, transvenous invasion through the great veins, or lymphangitic spreading in the mediastinal. Myocardial infiltration in lymphoma presents a grim prognosis and its treatment may be associated with specific risks, such as myocardial rupture. Various imaging modalities may detect cardiac involvement, with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging considered the gold standard. CMR enables clear delineation of myocardial infiltration, making it valuable for local staging, pretreatment planning, and evaluating treatment response. Case Presentation: : A 37-year-old woman patient was diagnosed with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. Mild chest discomfort and shortness of breath were observed 3 months before hospital admission. A thorax CT scan showed a heterogeneous contrast-enhancing mass with a central necrotic area in the anterior mediastinum. Following thoracotomy and tumor debulking, the patient complained of severe crushing chest pain radiating to her back, accompanied by new T wave inversion on ECG and elevated cardiac troponin levels a week after surgery. Coronary angiogram results showed a normal coronary artery. Subsequent cardiac MRI showed tumor infiltration into the anterior pericardial space, as well as the myocardium of the left and right ventricles. Chemotherapy was promptly initiated, resulting in a gradual improvement of symptoms. Conclusions: In this study, we discuss the use of 3D-CRT in the re-irradiation of NPC with its limitation on obtaining optimum dose sculpture compared to more sophisticated and widely spread modalities like IMRT. However, with careful planning, we can still obtain optimum tumor dose, minimize OAR dose, and subsequently late toxicities that come after. We hope that this study can bring hope to centers with limited facilities, and we suggest further studies on reirradiation, especially in OAR dose tolerance guidelines.
导言：心脏受累，尤其是原发性纵隔淋巴瘤的心肌浸润，在已知的原发性恶性肿瘤病例中发病率仅为9%，十分罕见。肿瘤浸润心肌的途径包括直接侵犯、血行播散、经大静脉侵入或纵隔淋巴管播散。淋巴瘤的心肌浸润预后较差，其治疗可能存在特定风险，如心肌破裂。各种成像模式均可检测心脏受累情况，其中心脏磁共振成像（CMR）被认为是金标准。心脏磁共振成像可清晰地描绘心肌浸润，因此对局部分期、预处理计划和评估治疗反应非常有价值。病例介绍： ：一名 37 岁女性患者被诊断患有原发性纵隔大 B 细胞淋巴瘤。入院前 3 个月出现轻微胸部不适和气短。胸部 CT 扫描显示，前纵隔有一个异质对比度增强的肿块，中央有一个坏死区。在进行开胸手术和肿瘤剥离后，患者在术后一周主诉胸口剧烈压痛并向背部放射，同时心电图出现新的 T 波倒置，心肌肌钙蛋白水平升高。冠状动脉造影结果显示冠状动脉正常。随后的心脏磁共振成像显示，肿瘤浸润到了心包前间隙以及左右心室的心肌。化疗立即开始，症状逐渐得到改善。结论：在本研究中，我们讨论了在鼻咽癌再照射中使用 3D-CRT 的问题，与 IMRT 等更先进、更广泛的模式相比，3D-CRT 在获得最佳剂量雕塑方面存在局限性。但是，通过精心策划，我们仍然可以获得最佳的肿瘤剂量，最大限度地减少OAR剂量以及随之而来的晚期毒性。我们希望这项研究能为设备有限的中心带来希望，并建议进一步研究再照射，尤其是在OAR剂量耐受指南方面。
{"title":"Myocardial Infiltration in Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma Detected by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging","authors":"Verawati Sutedjo, W. Soewondo, Mira Yuniarti, Jeffry Beta Tenggara, D. Erawati","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.966","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cardiac involvement, particularly myocardial infiltration in primary mediastinal lymphoma, is a rare occurrence with an incidence of only 9% in known cases of primary malignancy. Neoplasm infiltration into the myocardium manifests through direct invasion, hematogenous spread, transvenous invasion through the great veins, or lymphangitic spreading in the mediastinal. Myocardial infiltration in lymphoma presents a grim prognosis and its treatment may be associated with specific risks, such as myocardial rupture. Various imaging modalities may detect cardiac involvement, with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging considered the gold standard. CMR enables clear delineation of myocardial infiltration, making it valuable for local staging, pretreatment planning, and evaluating treatment response. Case Presentation: : A 37-year-old woman patient was diagnosed with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. Mild chest discomfort and shortness of breath were observed 3 months before hospital admission. A thorax CT scan showed a heterogeneous contrast-enhancing mass with a central necrotic area in the anterior mediastinum. Following thoracotomy and tumor debulking, the patient complained of severe crushing chest pain radiating to her back, accompanied by new T wave inversion on ECG and elevated cardiac troponin levels a week after surgery. Coronary angiogram results showed a normal coronary artery. Subsequent cardiac MRI showed tumor infiltration into the anterior pericardial space, as well as the myocardium of the left and right ventricles. Chemotherapy was promptly initiated, resulting in a gradual improvement of symptoms. Conclusions: In this study, we discuss the use of 3D-CRT in the re-irradiation of NPC with its limitation on obtaining optimum dose sculpture compared to more sophisticated and widely spread modalities like IMRT. However, with careful planning, we can still obtain optimum tumor dose, minimize OAR dose, and subsequently late toxicities that come after. We hope that this study can bring hope to centers with limited facilities, and we suggest further studies on reirradiation, especially in OAR dose tolerance guidelines. ","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1053
B. Dwipoyono, Asri C. Adisasmita, Septyana Choirunisa
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the most formidable lethal malignancies, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 35% for advanced-stage ovarian carcinoma and a 10-year follow-up rate of about 18%. Although several regimens have been evaluated for improvement, relapse remains an inevitable challenge. Recently, specific prognostic factors related to “cell behavior”, including cell proliferation activity such as angiogenesis VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factors) have been recognized. Therefore, this study aims to predict relapse of epithelial ovarian cancer within two years of follow-up based on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) at the mRNA and protein levels. Methods: This study was conducted at “Dharmais” Cancer Hospital (DCH) with a retrospective cohort design in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who received complete treatment. The role of angiogenesis factors on relapse in epithelial ovarian cancer in 2 years of observation was evaluated. Semiquantitative expression analysis of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 (protein) was conducted through the immunohistochemical method using the avidin-biotinperoxidase complex (ABC) method. Meanwhile, the semiquantitative expression of VEGF-A and VEGF-R2 (mRNA level) was carried out using RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription- Polymerase Chain Reaction) - Zyber Green Bioline Kit - method, with specific primers. Results: From 2008 to 2012, only 20 patients were tested for the role of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 on the incidence of relapse within two years of observation. Among the 20 patients examined for VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 expression, 50% remained disease-free for 20 months, resulting in a cumulative disease-free survival probability of 48.1% for the patient. Those with positive VEGF-A expression at the mRNA level had a shorter median disease-free survival time (18 months), with a lower disease-free survival probability. Patients who showed positive VEGFR-2 expression (at the protein level) had a shorter median disease-free survival time, a lower cumulative probability of disease-free survival (DFS), and a greater risk of relapse (3 times) than patients who did not express (negative) VEGFR-2. In addition, the ROC-based analysis was also performed. Conclusions: Expression of both VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 at mRNA and protein levels can be used as a predictor for relapse of epithelial ovarian cancer. This study showed that a positive VEGF-A expression at the mRNA level is associated with a twofold higher risk of relapse, while positive VEGF-R2 expression at the protein level is associated with a threefold shorter risk of relapse than negative expression.
{"title":"The Relapse of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Under 2-Year Post-Treatment Observation Based on VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 Expression","authors":"B. Dwipoyono, Asri C. Adisasmita, Septyana Choirunisa","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1053","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the most formidable lethal malignancies, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 35% for advanced-stage ovarian carcinoma and a 10-year follow-up rate of about 18%. Although several regimens have been evaluated for improvement, relapse remains an inevitable challenge. Recently, specific prognostic factors related to “cell behavior”, including cell proliferation activity such as angiogenesis VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factors) have been recognized. Therefore, this study aims to predict relapse of epithelial ovarian cancer within two years of follow-up based on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) at the mRNA and protein levels. Methods: This study was conducted at “Dharmais” Cancer Hospital (DCH) with a retrospective cohort design in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who received complete treatment. The role of angiogenesis factors on relapse in epithelial ovarian cancer in 2 years of observation was evaluated. Semiquantitative expression analysis of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 (protein) was conducted through the immunohistochemical method using the avidin-biotinperoxidase complex (ABC) method. Meanwhile, the semiquantitative expression of VEGF-A and VEGF-R2 (mRNA level) was carried out using RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription- Polymerase Chain Reaction) - Zyber Green Bioline Kit - method, with specific primers. Results: From 2008 to 2012, only 20 patients were tested for the role of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 on the incidence of relapse within two years of observation. Among the 20 patients examined for VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 expression, 50% remained disease-free for 20 months, resulting in a cumulative disease-free survival probability of 48.1% for the patient. Those with positive VEGF-A expression at the mRNA level had a shorter median disease-free survival time (18 months), with a lower disease-free survival probability. Patients who showed positive VEGFR-2 expression (at the protein level) had a shorter median disease-free survival time, a lower cumulative probability of disease-free survival (DFS), and a greater risk of relapse (3 times) than patients who did not express (negative) VEGFR-2. In addition, the ROC-based analysis was also performed. Conclusions: Expression of both VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 at mRNA and protein levels can be used as a predictor for relapse of epithelial ovarian cancer. This study showed that a positive VEGF-A expression at the mRNA level is associated with a twofold higher risk of relapse, while positive VEGF-R2 expression at the protein level is associated with a threefold shorter risk of relapse than negative expression.","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"11 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1030
Annisa Annisa, Rachma Greta Perdana Putri, Solikhah Solikhah
Background: The microbiota population in breast cancer tissue is known to have a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment supporting developmental ability. Despite a heterogeneous profile, the relationship between microbiota and breast cancer is still not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the major microbiota profile associated with breast cancer and explore potential biological connections Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, the literature review investigated the diverse composition of microbiota profiles in breast cancer patients compared to those in normal conditions. Utilizing the PICO framework, a comprehensive search was conducted on the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases. The searches were restricted to open-access articles from the last 5 years. Additionally, critical appraisals are conducted for quality assessment. Results: A total of 145 articles were identified using the relevant keywords, out of which 17 successfully passed filtering and screening for inclusion in the review. Major microbiota observed in breast cancer patients included firmicutes, proteobacteria, actinobacteria, and bacteroidetes. The microbiota profile was influenced by factors such as cancer subtype, menopausal history, and tumor severity. These microorganisms play a role in the inflammatory response to their metabolite products and modulate hormonal changes, potentially enhancing tumor survival. Conclusions: Generalizing the expression of microbiota profile both in the gut or its tissue might be challenging due to its multifactorial nature, dependent on patient characteristics such as age, menopausal status, BMI, tumor grade, and subtype. The study suggests that the major microbiota that shows increased prevalence in breast cancer include firmicutes, proteobacteria, actinobacteria, bacteroidetes, and blautia, each playing a distinct role in the developmental process.
{"title":"Major Microbiota Profile of Breast Cancer From Faecal Specimen and Cancerous Breast Tissue: A Comprehensive Systematic Review","authors":"Annisa Annisa, Rachma Greta Perdana Putri, Solikhah Solikhah","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1030","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The microbiota population in breast cancer tissue is known to have a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment supporting developmental ability. Despite a heterogeneous profile, the relationship between microbiota and breast cancer is still not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the major microbiota profile associated with breast cancer and explore potential biological connections Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, the literature review investigated the diverse composition of microbiota profiles in breast cancer patients compared to those in normal conditions. Utilizing the PICO framework, a comprehensive search was conducted on the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases. The searches were restricted to open-access articles from the last 5 years. Additionally, critical appraisals are conducted for quality assessment. Results: A total of 145 articles were identified using the relevant keywords, out of which 17 successfully passed filtering and screening for inclusion in the review. Major microbiota observed in breast cancer patients included firmicutes, proteobacteria, actinobacteria, and bacteroidetes. The microbiota profile was influenced by factors such as cancer subtype, menopausal history, and tumor severity. These microorganisms play a role in the inflammatory response to their metabolite products and modulate hormonal changes, potentially enhancing tumor survival. Conclusions: Generalizing the expression of microbiota profile both in the gut or its tissue might be challenging due to its multifactorial nature, dependent on patient characteristics such as age, menopausal status, BMI, tumor grade, and subtype. The study suggests that the major microbiota that shows increased prevalence in breast cancer include firmicutes, proteobacteria, actinobacteria, bacteroidetes, and blautia, each playing a distinct role in the developmental process. ","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"86 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a rare condition among pediatric patients and is often considered the last possible diagnosis in individuals with defecating issues. Therefore, this case report aims to present and elaborate on the identification of pediatric CRC in a center in Indonesia.Case Presentation: An 11-year-old female adolescent presented with obstipation for a week after a series of defecating difficulty episodes spanning the last three months. Furthermore, these difficulties had been progressively worsening over the past two weeks. The patient also reported recurrent colic pain in the abdominal region, but the exact location was unspecified. Positive results of goat-like stool were found for three months, without any observed diarrhea episodes and blood or mucous layer on the stool. A significant weight loss of ±10 kg was reported during the illness period. On physical examination, symmetrical abdominal distention was observed, and colon-in-loop and CT assessment results supported this. These diagnostic measures showed a malignant-suggestive mass ascending to the transverse colon. A right extended hemicolectomy procedure was then carried out as the definitive treatment, accompanied by stoma ileocolostomy to divert defecation. The histopathological analysis on the 4.0 x 4.0 cm intraluminal mass confirmed the presence of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: The identification of chronic constipation among pediatric patients must raise awareness regarding the potential for mechanical bowel obstruction due to a malignant mass, specifically in inpatients.
{"title":"A Case Report of Pediatric Colorectal Carcinoma in an 11-year-old Indonesian","authors":"Iqbal Pahlevi Adeputra Nasution, Erjan Fikri, Raka Dutra Pratama","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.1016","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a rare condition among pediatric patients and is often considered the last possible diagnosis in individuals with defecating issues. Therefore, this case report aims to present and elaborate on the identification of pediatric CRC in a center in Indonesia.Case Presentation: An 11-year-old female adolescent presented with obstipation for a week after a series of defecating difficulty episodes spanning the last three months. Furthermore, these difficulties had been progressively worsening over the past two weeks. The patient also reported recurrent colic pain in the abdominal region, but the exact location was unspecified. Positive results of goat-like stool were found for three months, without any observed diarrhea episodes and blood or mucous layer on the stool. A significant weight loss of ±10 kg was reported during the illness period. On physical examination, symmetrical abdominal distention was observed, and colon-in-loop and CT assessment results supported this. These diagnostic measures showed a malignant-suggestive mass ascending to the transverse colon. A right extended hemicolectomy procedure was then carried out as the definitive treatment, accompanied by stoma ileocolostomy to divert defecation. The histopathological analysis on the 4.0 x 4.0 cm intraluminal mass confirmed the presence of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: The identification of chronic constipation among pediatric patients must raise awareness regarding the potential for mechanical bowel obstruction due to a malignant mass, specifically in inpatients.","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"23 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feranindhya Agiananda, Tiara Nugraeni, H. Diatri, Tiara Aninditha, Profitasari Kusumaningrum
Background: Patients with metastatic spinal tumor are experiencing various symptoms, including neurological deficits that cause distress and affects their quality of life. The vulnerability to distress is influenced by coping strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate factors associated with distress and coping strategies in patients with metastatic spinal tumors at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital from September 2021 to May 2022, factors associated with distress and coping strategies in patients with metastatic spinal tumors were investigated. The analysis included a total of 104 subjects from both outpatient and inpatient settings. Distress levels and areas of concern were assessed using the Distress Thermometer (DT) questionnaire while coping strategies were evaluated through the Coping Orientation to the Problem Experienced (COPE) instrument. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were carried out to assess the relationship between sociodemographic factors, spinal tumor characteristics, specific areas of concern, coping strategies, and distress.Results: The results showed that 57.7% of metastatic spinal tumor patients experienced distress. In the 18-59 age group, motor disorders, sensory disturbances, autonomic disorders, treatment status, problem-focused coping (PFC), emotion-focused coping (EFC), and avoidance coping had significant associations with distress. However, the multivariable analysis showed that EFC (OR = 1.156, 95% CI: 1.024–1.304, p=0.019), avoidance coping (OR = 1.154, 95% CI: 1.005–1.326, p=0.042), and sensory disturbance (OR = 16.001, 95% CI: 1.472–173.960, p=0.023) were identified as risk factors for distress.Conclusions: Patients with metastatic spinal tumors who used emotion-focused coping, avoidance coping, and sensory disturbance faced significant risk factors for distress
{"title":"Factors Influencing Distress and Coping Strategies Among Patients with Metastatic Spinal Tumor at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital","authors":"Feranindhya Agiananda, Tiara Nugraeni, H. Diatri, Tiara Aninditha, Profitasari Kusumaningrum","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.994","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with metastatic spinal tumor are experiencing various symptoms, including neurological deficits that cause distress and affects their quality of life. The vulnerability to distress is influenced by coping strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate factors associated with distress and coping strategies in patients with metastatic spinal tumors at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital from September 2021 to May 2022, factors associated with distress and coping strategies in patients with metastatic spinal tumors were investigated. The analysis included a total of 104 subjects from both outpatient and inpatient settings. Distress levels and areas of concern were assessed using the Distress Thermometer (DT) questionnaire while coping strategies were evaluated through the Coping Orientation to the Problem Experienced (COPE) instrument. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were carried out to assess the relationship between sociodemographic factors, spinal tumor characteristics, specific areas of concern, coping strategies, and distress.Results: The results showed that 57.7% of metastatic spinal tumor patients experienced distress. In the 18-59 age group, motor disorders, sensory disturbances, autonomic disorders, treatment status, problem-focused coping (PFC), emotion-focused coping (EFC), and avoidance coping had significant associations with distress. However, the multivariable analysis showed that EFC (OR = 1.156, 95% CI: 1.024–1.304, p=0.019), avoidance coping (OR = 1.154, 95% CI: 1.005–1.326, p=0.042), and sensory disturbance (OR = 16.001, 95% CI: 1.472–173.960, p=0.023) were identified as risk factors for distress.Conclusions: Patients with metastatic spinal tumors who used emotion-focused coping, avoidance coping, and sensory disturbance faced significant risk factors for distress","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"5 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Haryati, Fidya Rahmadhany Arganita, I. Oktaviyanti
Background:The prognosis for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is greatly improved when treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). In this context, EGFR mutation status should be determined at the diagnosis stage but circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been increasingly used for molecular profiling. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the correlation between the presence of ctDNA before TKI therapy and subsequent clinical outcomes Methods: A total of 18 patients with NSCLC who received EGFR-TKI therapy were enrolled. EGFR mutations were simultaneously identified in tumor samples and plasma ctDNA, as well as information regarding overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Result: These case studies showed that 14 of 18 patients (77.8%) with concordance results detected EGFR-positive mutations on ctDNA examination and histopathology from plasma and tumor samples, respectively. The median PFS was similar at 7.5 months in both groups, while the median OS was shorter in patients with EGFR-detected in ctDNA (17 vs. 25.5 months) after TKI-targeted therapy. Conclusion: The identification of EGFR mutations in plasma ctDNA was a promising, effective, and minimally invasive alternative to tumor biopsy. The existence potentially reflected the disease burden and showed a poor prognosis.
{"title":"Survival of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy Based on EGFR Mutation Status in Tumor and Plasma Samples","authors":"H. Haryati, Fidya Rahmadhany Arganita, I. Oktaviyanti","doi":"10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v17i4.995","url":null,"abstract":"Background:The prognosis for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is greatly improved when treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). In this context, EGFR mutation status should be determined at the diagnosis stage but circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been increasingly used for molecular profiling. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the correlation between the presence of ctDNA before TKI therapy and subsequent clinical outcomes Methods: A total of 18 patients with NSCLC who received EGFR-TKI therapy were enrolled. EGFR mutations were simultaneously identified in tumor samples and plasma ctDNA, as well as information regarding overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Result: These case studies showed that 14 of 18 patients (77.8%) with concordance results detected EGFR-positive mutations on ctDNA examination and histopathology from plasma and tumor samples, respectively. The median PFS was similar at 7.5 months in both groups, while the median OS was shorter in patients with EGFR-detected in ctDNA (17 vs. 25.5 months) after TKI-targeted therapy. Conclusion: The identification of EGFR mutations in plasma ctDNA was a promising, effective, and minimally invasive alternative to tumor biopsy. The existence potentially reflected the disease burden and showed a poor prognosis.","PeriodicalId":13489,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Cancer","volume":"55 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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