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Treatment with lipoxin A4 improves influenza A infection outcome, induces macrophage reprogramming, anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive responses. 用脂毒素 A4 治疗可改善甲型流感感染结果,诱导巨噬细胞重编程、抗炎和促复原反应。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01939-9
Flavia Rago, Eliza Mathias Melo, Leigh M Miller, Alexis M Duray, Franciel Batista Felix, Juliana Priscila Vago, Ana Paula de Faria Gonçalves, Ana Luiza Pessoa Mendonça Angelo, Geovanni D Cassali, Monica de Gaetano, Eoin Brennan, Benjamin Owen, Patrick Guiry, Catherine Godson, John F Alcorn, Mauro Martins Teixeira

Introduction: Influenza A is a virus from the Orthomixoviridae family responsible for high lethality rates and morbidity, despite clinically proven vaccination strategies and some anti-viral therapies. The eicosanoid Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) promotes the resolution of inflammation by decreasing cell recruitment and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, but also for inducing activation of apoptosis, efferocytosis, and macrophage reprogramming.

Objective: Here, we evaluated whether a synthetic lipoxin mimetic, designated AT-01-KG, would improve the course of influenza A infection in a murine model.

Method: Mice were infected with influenza A/H1N1 and treated with AT-01-KG (1.7 μg/kg/day, i.p.) at day 3 post-infection.

Results: AT-01-KG attenuated mortality, reducing leukocyte infiltration and lung damage at day 5 and day 7 post-infection. AT-01-KG is a Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 (designated FPR2/3 in mice) agonist, and the protective responses were not observed in fpr2/3 -/- animals. In mice treated with LXA4 (50 μg/kg/day, i.p., days 3-6 post-infection), at day 7, macrophage reprogramming was observed, as seen by a decrease in classically activated macrophages and an increase in alternatively activated macrophages in the lungs. Furthermore, the number of apoptotic cells and cells undergoing efferocytosis was increased in the lavage of treated mice. Treatment also modulated the adaptive immune response, increasing the number of T helper 2 cells (Th2) and regulatory T (Tregs) cells in the lungs of the treated mice.

Conclusion: Therefore, treatment with a lipoxin A4 analog was beneficial in a model of influenza A infection in mice. The drug decreased inflammation and promoted resolution and beneficial immune responses, suggesting it may be useful in patients with severe influenza.

导言:甲型流感是一种来自正粘病毒科的病毒,尽管有临床验证的疫苗接种策略和一些抗病毒疗法,但其致死率和发病率仍然很高。类二十碳素脂氧素 A4(LXA4)通过减少细胞募集和促炎细胞因子的释放来促进炎症的缓解,同时还能诱导激活细胞凋亡、排泄和巨噬细胞重编程:方法:小鼠感染甲型 H1N1 流感,并在感染后第 3 天接受 AT-01-KG(1.7 μg/kg/天,静脉注射)治疗:结果:AT-01-KG可降低死亡率,减少感染后第5天和第7天的白细胞浸润和肺损伤。AT-01-KG 是一种甲酰肽受体 2(小鼠称为 FPR2/3)激动剂,在 fpr2/3 -/- 动物中未观察到保护性反应。用 LXA4(50 μg/kg/天,肌注,感染后第 3-6 天)治疗的小鼠,在第 7 天观察到巨噬细胞重编程,表现为肺部经典活化巨噬细胞减少,替代活化巨噬细胞增加。此外,经处理的小鼠灌洗液中的凋亡细胞和流出细胞数量增加。治疗还调节了适应性免疫反应,增加了治疗小鼠肺中 T 辅助 2 细胞(Th2)和调节性 T 细胞(Tregs)的数量:因此,用脂毒素 A4 类似物治疗甲型流感感染模型小鼠是有益的。结论:因此,用脂毒素 A4 类似物治疗甲型流感感染模型小鼠是有益的,这种药物能减轻炎症,促进炎症消退和有益的免疫反应,这表明它可能对重症流感患者有用。
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引用次数: 0
Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist RC-3095 inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-accelerated atherosclerosis by suppressing inflammatory responses in endothelial cells and macrophages. 胃泌素释放肽受体拮抗剂 RC-3095 通过抑制内皮细胞和巨噬细胞的炎症反应,抑制牙龈卟啉菌脂多糖加速动脉粥样硬化。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01934-0
Hyun-Joo Park, Mi-Kyoung Kim, Yeon Kim, Hyung Joon Kim, Hae Ryoun Park, Soo-Kyung Bae, Moon-Kyoung Bae

Objective: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), one of the major periodontopathogens, is associated with the progression and exacerbation of atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist, RC-3095, could attenuate P. gingivalis LPS-induced inflammatory responses in endothelial cells and macrophages, as well as atherosclerosis in an ApoE-/- mouse model treated with P. gingivalis LPS.

Methods: The effect of RC-3095 on P. gingivalis LPS-induced endothelial inflammation was examined using HUVECs and rat aortic endothelium. THP-1 cells were polarized into M1 macrophages by exposure to P. gingivalis LPS, with or without RC-3095. The effect of RC-3095 on atherosclerosis progression was assessed in high-fat-fed male ApoE-/- mice through injections of P. gingivalis LPS, RC-3095, or a combination of both.

Results: RC-3095 significantly reduced P. gingivalis LPS-induced leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and aortic endothelium by suppressing NF-κB-dependent expressions of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. In addition, RC-3095 inhibited the P. gingivalis LPS-induced polarization of M1 macrophages by blocking the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Moreover, RC-3095 decreased the area of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-/- mice, which was accelerated by P. gingivalis LPS injection, and lowered the expressions of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the aortic tissue of mice with atherosclerosis.

Conclusions: RC-3095 can alleviate P. gingivalis LPS-induced endothelial inflammation, macrophage polarization, and atherosclerosis progression, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic approach for periodontal pathogen-associated atherosclerosis.

目的:牙龈卟啉单胞菌(P:牙龈卟啉单胞菌(P. gingivalis)是主要的牙周致病菌之一,与动脉粥样硬化的进展和恶化有关。在这项研究中,我们旨在探讨胃泌素释放肽受体拮抗剂 RC-3095 能否减轻牙龈弧菌 LPS 诱导的内皮细胞和巨噬细胞炎症反应,以及载脂蛋白E-/-小鼠模型中的动脉粥样硬化:方法:使用 HUVECs 和大鼠主动脉内皮细胞研究 RC-3095 对牙龈脓毒性 LPS 诱导的内皮炎症的影响。将 THP-1 细胞暴露于 P. gingivalis LPS,加入或不加入 RC-3095 将其极化为 M1 巨噬细胞。通过注射 P. gingivalis LPS、RC-3095 或两者的组合,评估 RC-3095 对高脂雄性载脂蛋白 E-/- 小鼠动脉粥样硬化进展的影响:结果:RC-3095 通过抑制 ICAM-1 和 VCAM-1 的 NF-κB 依赖性表达,明显降低了牙龈脓肿 LPS 诱导的白细胞对内皮细胞和主动脉内皮的粘附。此外,RC-3095 还能通过阻断 MAPK 和 NF-κB 信号通路,抑制牙龈脓肿 LPS 诱导的 M1 巨噬细胞极化。此外,RC-3095 还能减少 ApoE-/- 小鼠动脉粥样硬化病变的面积,而 P. gingivalis LPS 注射会加速动脉粥样硬化病变的面积,并降低动脉粥样硬化小鼠主动脉组织中 ICAM-1 和 VCAM-1 的表达:结论:RC-3095能缓解牙龈脓毒性球菌LPS诱导的内皮炎症、巨噬细胞极化和动脉粥样硬化进展,表明它有可能成为牙周病原体相关动脉粥样硬化的一种治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Cynarin inhibits microglia-induced pyroptosis and neuroinflammation via Nrf2/ROS/NLRP3 axis after spinal cord injury. 脊髓损伤后,仙鹤草苷可通过Nrf2/ROS/NLRP3轴抑制小胶质细胞诱导的脓毒症和神经炎症。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01945-x
Bin Zhang, Jiasheng Yu, Lei Bao, Dongqian Feng, Yong Qin, Daobo Fan, Xin Hong, Yongyi Chen

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) elicits excess neuroinflammation and resident microglial pyroptosis, leading further terrible neurological collapse and locomotor dysfunction. However, the current clinical therapy is useless and a feasible treatment is urgent to be explored. Cynarin is a natural component in artichoke playing anti-inflammatory and anti-aging roles in hepatoprotection and cardioprotection, but it is unclear that the pharmacologic action and underlying mechanism of Cynarin in neuropathy.

Methods: Using the SCI mouse model and the BV2 cell line, we here investigated whether Cynarin reduces neuroinflammation and pyroptosis to promote neurological recovery after SCI.

Results: Our results showed that treatment with Cynarin reduces the level of neuroinflammation and microglial pyroptosis. Moreover, the mice treated with Cynarin exhibited lower level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death, less damage of neurohistology and better locomotor improvement of hindlimbs than the untreated mice and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-inhibited mice. Mechanically, Cynarin inhibited the assembly of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome by Nrf2-dependent expression to attenuate microglial pyroptosis and neuroinflammation.

Conclusions: To sum up, the current study suggested that administration of Cynarin is a promising compound for anti-neuroinflammation and anti-pyroptosis after SCI. It may be an efficient Nrf2 activator and a NLRP3 inhibitor for microglia in neuropathies.

背景:脊髓损伤(SCI)会引起过度的神经炎症和常驻小胶质细胞热解,进一步导致可怕的神经功能衰竭和运动功能障碍。然而,目前的临床疗法毫无用处,迫切需要探索一种可行的治疗方法。洋蓟素是洋蓟中的一种天然成分,具有抗炎、抗衰老、保肝、保心等作用,但洋蓟素在神经病变中的药理作用和内在机制尚不清楚:方法:我们利用 SCI 小鼠模型和 BV2 细胞系,研究 Cynarin 是否能减轻神经炎症和脓毒症,从而促进 SCI 后的神经功能恢复:结果:我们的研究结果表明,Cynarin 可降低神经炎症和小胶质细胞脓毒症水平。此外,与未经治疗的小鼠和核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2(Nrf2)抑制小鼠相比,Cynarin 治疗小鼠的活性氧(ROS)和细胞死亡水平较低,神经组织学损伤较小,后肢运动能力改善较好。Cynarin通过Nrf2依赖性表达抑制了NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)炎性小体的组装,从而减轻了小胶质细胞的脓毒症和神经炎症:综上所述,目前的研究表明,Cynarin 是一种具有抗神经炎症和抗脊髓损伤后嗜脓细胞增多作用的化合物。它可能是一种有效的 Nrf2 激活剂和神经病变中小胶质细胞的 NLRP3 抑制剂。
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引用次数: 0
Trained immunity of synovial macrophages is associated with exacerbated joint inflammation and damage after Staphylococcus aureus infection. 滑膜巨噬细胞的训练免疫与金黄色葡萄球菌感染后关节炎症和损伤加剧有关。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01946-w
Peter Silva Rocha, Adryan Aparecido Silva, Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior, Amanda Dias Braga, Thaiane Pinto Moreira, Mauro Martins Teixeira, Flávio Almeida Amaral

Objectives: Investigate whether and which synoviocytes would acquire trained immunity characteristics that could exacerbate joint inflammation following a secondary Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and S. aureus were separately or double injected (21 days of interval) into the tibiofemoral joint cavity of male C57BL/6 mice. At different time points after these stimulations, mechanical nociception was analyzed followed by the analysis of signs of inflammation and damage in the affected joints. The trained immunity markers, including the glycolytic and mTOR pathway, were analyzed in whole tissue or isolated synoviocytes. A group of mice was treated with Rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor before LPS or S. aureus stimulation.

Results: The double LPS - S. aureus hit promoted intense joint inflammation and damage compared to single joint stimulation, including markers in synoviocyte activation, production of proinflammatory cytokines, persistent nociception, and bone damage, despite not reducing the bacterial clearance. The double LPS - S. aureus hit joints increased the synovial macrophage population expressing CX3CR1 alongside triggering established epigenetic modifications associated with trained immunity events in these cells, such as the upregulation of the mTOR signaling pathway (p-mTOR and HIF1α) and the trimethylation of histone H3. Mice treated with Rapamycin presented reduced CX3CR1+ macrophage activation, joint inflammation, and bone damage.

Conclusions: There is a trained immunity phenotype in CX3CR1+ synovial macrophages that contributes to the exacerbation of joint inflammation and damage during septic arthritis caused by S. aureus.

目的:研究滑膜细胞是否会获得训练有素的免疫特性,从而在继发金黄色葡萄球菌感染后加剧关节炎症:研究滑膜细胞是否以及哪些滑膜细胞会获得训练有素的免疫特性,从而在继发金黄色葡萄球菌感染后加剧关节炎症:方法:在雄性C57BL/6小鼠的胫股关节腔内分别或同时注射脂多糖(LPS)和金黄色葡萄球菌(间隔21天)。在这些刺激后的不同时间点,对机械痛觉进行分析,然后分析受影响关节的炎症和损伤迹象。在整个组织或分离的滑膜细胞中分析了训练有素的免疫标记物,包括糖酵解和 mTOR 通路。一组小鼠在接受 LPS 或金黄色葡萄球菌刺激前使用了 mTOR 抑制剂雷帕霉素:结果:与单关节刺激相比,LPS - 金黄色葡萄球菌双重刺激会加剧关节炎症和损伤,包括滑膜细胞活化、促炎细胞因子的产生、持续痛觉和骨损伤,尽管细菌清除率并没有降低。LPS - 金黄色葡萄球菌双击关节增加了表达 CX3CR1 的滑膜巨噬细胞数量,同时引发了与这些细胞中训练有素的免疫事件相关的既定表观遗传修饰,如 mTOR 信号通路(p-mTOR 和 HIF1α)的上调和组蛋白 H3 的三甲基化。使用雷帕霉素治疗的小鼠减少了CX3CR1+巨噬细胞的活化、关节炎症和骨损伤:结论:在由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的化脓性关节炎期间,CX3CR1+滑膜巨噬细胞中存在一种训练有素的免疫表型,有助于关节炎症和损伤的加重。
{"title":"Trained immunity of synovial macrophages is associated with exacerbated joint inflammation and damage after Staphylococcus aureus infection.","authors":"Peter Silva Rocha, Adryan Aparecido Silva, Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior, Amanda Dias Braga, Thaiane Pinto Moreira, Mauro Martins Teixeira, Flávio Almeida Amaral","doi":"10.1007/s00011-024-01946-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00011-024-01946-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Investigate whether and which synoviocytes would acquire trained immunity characteristics that could exacerbate joint inflammation following a secondary Staphylococcus aureus infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and S. aureus were separately or double injected (21 days of interval) into the tibiofemoral joint cavity of male C57BL/6 mice. At different time points after these stimulations, mechanical nociception was analyzed followed by the analysis of signs of inflammation and damage in the affected joints. The trained immunity markers, including the glycolytic and mTOR pathway, were analyzed in whole tissue or isolated synoviocytes. A group of mice was treated with Rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor before LPS or S. aureus stimulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The double LPS - S. aureus hit promoted intense joint inflammation and damage compared to single joint stimulation, including markers in synoviocyte activation, production of proinflammatory cytokines, persistent nociception, and bone damage, despite not reducing the bacterial clearance. The double LPS - S. aureus hit joints increased the synovial macrophage population expressing CX3CR1 alongside triggering established epigenetic modifications associated with trained immunity events in these cells, such as the upregulation of the mTOR signaling pathway (p-mTOR and HIF1α) and the trimethylation of histone H3. Mice treated with Rapamycin presented reduced CX3CR1<sup>+</sup> macrophage activation, joint inflammation, and bone damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a trained immunity phenotype in CX3CR1<sup>+</sup> synovial macrophages that contributes to the exacerbation of joint inflammation and damage during septic arthritis caused by S. aureus.</p>","PeriodicalId":13550,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stored RBC transfusions leads to the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in anemic murine neonates. 储存的红细胞输血会导致贫血小鼠新生儿出现全身炎症反应综合征。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01936-y
Balamurugan Ramatchandirin, Marie Amalie Balamurugan, Suneetha Desiraju, Yerin Chung, Boguslaw S Wojczyk, Krishnan MohanKumar

Objective: RBC transfusions (RBCT) are life-saving treatment for premature and critically ill infants. However, the procedure has been associated with the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and potentially multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in neonates. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of RBCT-related SIRS in severely anemic murine neonates.

Methods: C57BL/6 (WT), TLR4-/- and myeloid-specific triggered myeloid receptor-1 (trem1)-/- mouse pups were studied in 4 groups (n = 6 each): (1) naïve controls, (2) transfused control, (3) anemic (hematocrit 20-24%) and (4) anemic with RBC transfused using our established murine model of phlebotomy-induced anemia (PIA) and RBC transfusion. Plasma was measured for quantifying inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP2 and LIX) using a Luminex assay. In vitro studies included (i) sensitization by exposing the cells to a low level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 500 ng/ml) and (ii) trem1-siRNA transfection with/without plasma supernatant from stored RBC to assess the acute inflammatory response through trem1 by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting.

Results: Anemic murine pups developed cytokine storm within 2 h of receiving stored RBCs, which increased until 6 h post-transfusion, as compared to non-anemic mice receiving stored RBCTs ("transfusion controls"), in a TLR4-independent fashion. Nonetheless, severely anemic pups had elevated circulating endotoxin levels, thereby sensitizing circulating monocytes to presynthesize proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP2, LIX) and express trem1. Silencing trem1 expression in Raw264.7 cells mitigated both endotoxin-associated presynthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and the RBCT-induced release of inflammatory cytokines. Indeed, myeloid-specific trem1-/- murine pups had significantly reduced evidence of SIRS following RBCTs.

Conclusion: Severe anemia-associated low-grade inflammation sensitizes monocytes to enhance the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and trem1. In this setting, RBCTs further activate these monocytes, thereby inducing SIRS. Inhibiting trem1 in myeloid cells, including monocytes, alleviates the inflammatory response associated with the combined effects of anemia and RBCTs in murine neonates.

目的:输注红细胞(RBCT)是早产儿和重症婴儿的救命疗法。然而,该过程与新生儿全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)和潜在的多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的发生有关。本研究旨在探讨严重贫血的小鼠新生儿发生与 RBCT 相关的 SIRS 的机制:方法:将 C57BL/6(WT)、TLR4-/- 和髓系特异性触发髓系受体-1(trem1)-/- 小鼠幼崽分为 4 组(每组 n = 6)进行研究:(1)天真对照组;(2)输血对照组;(3)贫血组(血细胞比容 20-24%);(4)使用我们已建立的小鼠抽血诱发贫血(PIA)和输注 RBC 的贫血组。使用 Luminex 检测法测量血浆中的炎症细胞因子(IFN-γ、IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、MIP-1α、MIP-1β、MIP2 和 LIX)。体外研究包括:(i) 将细胞暴露于低浓度的脂多糖(LPS;500 ng/ml),使细胞致敏;(ii) 转染 trem1-siRNA,同时转染/不转染储存的 RBC 的血浆上清,通过 qRT-PCR 和免疫印迹来评估通过 trem1 引起的急性炎症反应:与接受储存的 RBCT 的非贫血小鼠("输血对照组")相比,贫血小鼠幼崽在接受储存的 RBC 后 2 小时内出现细胞因子风暴,这种风暴一直持续到输血后 6 小时,与 TLR4 无关。尽管如此,严重贫血幼鼠的循环内毒素水平升高,从而使循环单核细胞敏感,预先合成促炎细胞因子(IFN-γ、IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、MIP-1α、MIP-1β、MIP2、LIX)并表达 trem1。抑制 Raw264.7 细胞中 trem1 的表达可减轻内毒素相关的促炎细胞因子的预合成和 RBCT 诱导的炎性细胞因子的释放。事实上,髓系特异性 trem1-/- 小鼠幼崽在 RBCT 后出现 SIRS 的证据明显减少:结论:与严重贫血相关的低度炎症会使单核细胞变得敏感,从而促进促炎细胞因子和 trem1 的合成。在这种情况下,RBCT 会进一步激活这些单核细胞,从而诱发 SIRS。抑制包括单核细胞在内的骨髓细胞中的 trem1 可减轻小鼠新生儿因贫血和 RBCTs 的共同作用而产生的炎症反应。
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引用次数: 0
Inhibition of glycolytic reprogramming suppresses innate immune-mediated inflammation in experimental amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 抑制糖酵解重编程可抑制实验性肌萎缩侧索硬化症中先天性免疫介导的炎症。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01935-z
Lewis Yu, Nancy Wu, Okmi Choi, Khoa Dinh Nguyen

Background: Innate immune activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, metabolic pathways that govern this bioenergetically demanding process in ALS remains elusive. Here we investigated whether and how immunometabolic transformation of innate immune cells contributes to disease progression in an experimental model of this neurodegenerative disease.

Methods: We utilized multidimensional flow cytometry and integrative metabolomics to characterize the immunometabolic phenotype of circulating and spinal cord innate immune cells in the B6SJL-Tg(SOD1*G93A)1Gur/J model of ALS (SOD1-G93A) at various disease stages (before vs. after the onset of motor dysfunction). Behavioral and survival analyses were also conducted to determine the impact of an energy-regulating compound on innate immune cell metabolism, inflammation, and disease development.

Results: Temporally coordinated accumulation of circulating inflammatory Ly6C + monocytes and spinal cord F4/80 + CD45hi infiltrates precedes the onset of motor dysfunction in SOD1-G93A mice. Subsequent metabolomic analysis reveals that this phenomenon is accompanied by glycolytic reprogramming of spinal cord inflammatory CD11b + cells, comprising both resident F4/80 + CD45low microglia and F4/80 + CD45hi infiltrates. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of glycolysis by ZLN005, a small molecule activator of Ppargc1a, restrains inflammatory glycolytic activation of spinal cord CD11b + cells, enhances motor function, and prolongs survival in SOD1-G93A mice.

Conclusions: These observations suggest that modulation of inflammatory glycolytic reprogramming of innate immune cells may represent a promising therapeutic approach in ALS.

背景:先天性免疫激活与肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(ALS)的发病机制有关。然而,管理 ALS 中这一需要大量生物能的过程的代谢途径仍未确定。在此,我们研究了先天性免疫细胞的免疫代谢转化是否以及如何在这种神经退行性疾病的实验模型中导致疾病进展:方法:我们利用多维流式细胞术和综合代谢组学表征了B6SJL-Tg(SOD1*G93A)1Gur/J ALS(SOD1-G93A)模型中循环和脊髓先天性免疫细胞在不同疾病阶段(运动功能障碍发生之前和之后)的免疫代谢表型。此外还进行了行为和生存分析,以确定能量调节化合物对先天性免疫细胞代谢、炎症和疾病发展的影响:结果:在SOD1-G93A小鼠运动功能障碍发生之前,循环炎性Ly6C +单核细胞和脊髓F4/80 + CD45hi浸润的时间协调积累。随后的代谢组学分析表明,这一现象伴随着脊髓炎症 CD11b + 细胞的糖酵解重编程,包括常驻的 F4/80 + CD45low 小胶质细胞和 F4/80 + CD45hi 浸润。此外,Ppargc1a 的小分子激活剂 ZLN005 对糖酵解的药理抑制抑制了脊髓 CD11b + 细胞的炎症性糖酵解激活,增强了 SOD1-G93A 小鼠的运动功能并延长了存活时间:这些观察结果表明,调节先天性免疫细胞的炎性糖酵解重编程可能是治疗 ALS 的一种很有前景的方法。
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引用次数: 0
A novel molecular classification based on efferocytosis-related genes for predicting clinical outcome and treatment response in acute myeloid leukemia. 基于流出细胞相关基因的新型分子分类法,用于预测急性髓性白血病的临床结果和治疗反应。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01938-w
Fangmin Zhong, Fangyi Yao, Qin Bai, Jing Liu, Xiaolin Li, Bo Huang, Xiaozhong Wang

Background: Previous studies have shown that macrophage-mediated efferocytosis is involved in immunosuppression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the regulatory role of efferocytosis in AML remains unclear and needs further elucidation.

Methods: We first identified the key efferocytosis-related genes (ERGs) based on the expression matrix. Efferocytosis-related molecular subtypes were obtained by consensus clustering algorithm. Differences in immune landscape and biological processes among molecular subtypes were further evaluated. The efferocytosis score model was constructed to quantify molecular subtypes and evaluate its value in prognosis prediction and treatment decision-making in AML.

Results: Three distinct efferocytosis-related molecular subtypes were identified and divided into immune activation, immune desert, and immunosuppression subtypes based on the characteristics of the immune landscape. We evaluated the differences in clinical and biological features among different molecular subtypes, and the construction of an efferocytosis score model can effectively quantify the subtypes. A low efferocytosis score is associated with immune activation and reduced mutation frequency, and patients have a better prognosis. A high efferocytosis score reflects immune exhaustion, increased activity of tumor marker pathways, and poor prognosis. The prognostic predictive value of the efferocytosis score model was confirmed in six AML cohorts. Patients exhibiting high efferocytosis scores may derive therapeutic benefits from anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, whereas those with low efferocytosis scores tend to exhibit greater sensitivity towards chemotherapy. Analysis of treatment data in ex vivo AML cells revealed a group of drugs with significant differences in sensitivity between different efferocytosis score groups. Finally, we validated model gene expression in a clinical cohort.

Conclusions: This study reveals that efferocytosis plays a non-negligible role in shaping the diversity and complexity of the AML immune microenvironment. Assessing the individual efferocytosis-related molecular subtype in individuals will help to enhance our understanding of the characterization of the AML immune landscape and guide the establishment of more effective clinical treatment strategies.

背景:先前的研究表明,巨噬细胞介导的流出细胞增多参与了急性髓性白血病(AML)的免疫抑制。然而,流出细胞在急性髓性白血病中的调控作用仍不清楚,需要进一步阐明:方法:我们首先根据表达矩阵确定了与排泄相关的关键基因(ERGs)。方法:我们首先根据表达矩阵确定了与胞吐相关的关键基因(ERGs),然后通过共识聚类算法获得了与胞吐相关的分子亚型。进一步评估了不同分子亚型在免疫格局和生物过程方面的差异。结果发现,有三种截然不同的细胞外增殖相关分子亚型,它们分别是:(1) 细胞外增殖相关分子亚型;(2) 细胞外增殖相关分子亚型;(3) 细胞外增殖相关分子亚型:结果:根据免疫景观的特征,确定了三种不同的与流出相关的分子亚型,并将其分为免疫激活亚型、免疫荒漠亚型和免疫抑制亚型。我们评估了不同分子亚型在临床和生物学特征上的差异,并构建了一个能有效量化亚型的耗竭评分模型。流出率得分低与免疫激活和突变频率降低有关,患者的预后较好。流出率得分高则反映免疫耗竭、肿瘤标志物通路活性增强,预后较差。在六个急性髓细胞性白血病队列中证实了流出细胞增多评分模型的预后预测价值。表现出高流出率评分的患者可能会从抗PD-1免疫疗法中获益,而流出率评分低的患者往往对化疗更敏感。对体内外急性髓细胞治疗数据的分析表明,一组药物在不同细胞外吞噬分数组之间的敏感性存在显著差异。最后,我们在临床队列中验证了模型基因表达:本研究揭示了流出细胞在形成急性髓细胞性白血病免疫微环境的多样性和复杂性方面发挥着不可忽视的作用。评估个体中与流出相关的分子亚型将有助于加深我们对急性髓细胞性白血病免疫环境特征的理解,并指导制定更有效的临床治疗策略。
{"title":"A novel molecular classification based on efferocytosis-related genes for predicting clinical outcome and treatment response in acute myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Fangmin Zhong, Fangyi Yao, Qin Bai, Jing Liu, Xiaolin Li, Bo Huang, Xiaozhong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00011-024-01938-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00011-024-01938-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have shown that macrophage-mediated efferocytosis is involved in immunosuppression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the regulatory role of efferocytosis in AML remains unclear and needs further elucidation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We first identified the key efferocytosis-related genes (ERGs) based on the expression matrix. Efferocytosis-related molecular subtypes were obtained by consensus clustering algorithm. Differences in immune landscape and biological processes among molecular subtypes were further evaluated. The efferocytosis score model was constructed to quantify molecular subtypes and evaluate its value in prognosis prediction and treatment decision-making in AML.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three distinct efferocytosis-related molecular subtypes were identified and divided into immune activation, immune desert, and immunosuppression subtypes based on the characteristics of the immune landscape. We evaluated the differences in clinical and biological features among different molecular subtypes, and the construction of an efferocytosis score model can effectively quantify the subtypes. A low efferocytosis score is associated with immune activation and reduced mutation frequency, and patients have a better prognosis. A high efferocytosis score reflects immune exhaustion, increased activity of tumor marker pathways, and poor prognosis. The prognostic predictive value of the efferocytosis score model was confirmed in six AML cohorts. Patients exhibiting high efferocytosis scores may derive therapeutic benefits from anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, whereas those with low efferocytosis scores tend to exhibit greater sensitivity towards chemotherapy. Analysis of treatment data in ex vivo AML cells revealed a group of drugs with significant differences in sensitivity between different efferocytosis score groups. Finally, we validated model gene expression in a clinical cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals that efferocytosis plays a non-negligible role in shaping the diversity and complexity of the AML immune microenvironment. Assessing the individual efferocytosis-related molecular subtype in individuals will help to enhance our understanding of the characterization of the AML immune landscape and guide the establishment of more effective clinical treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13550,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate critically modulates cardiac GLP-1 receptor's anti-inflammatory effects. 单磷酸环磷酸腺苷对心脏 GLP-1 受体的抗炎作用有重要调节作用。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01950-0
Renee A Stoicovy, Natalie Cora, Arianna Perez, Deepika Nagliya, Giselle Del Calvo, Teresa Baggio Lopez, Emma C Weinstein, Jordana I Borges, Jennifer Maning, Anastasios Lymperopoulos

Background: Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists exert a multitude of beneficial cardiovascular effects beyond control of blood glucose levels and obesity reduction. They also have anti-inflammatory actions through both central and peripheral mechanisms. GLP1R is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), coupling to adenylyl cyclase (AC)-stimulatory Gs proteins to raise cyclic 3`-5`-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in cells. cAMP exerts various anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects via its effectors protein kinase A (PKA) and Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac). However, the precise role and importance of cAMP in mediating GLP1R`s anti-inflammatory actions, at least in the heart, remains to be determined. To this end, we tested the effects of the GLP1R agonist liraglutide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammatory injury in H9c2 cardiac cells, either in the absence of cAMP production (AC inhibition) or upon enhancement of cAMP levels via phosphodiesterase (PDE)-4 inhibition with roflumilast.

Methods & results: Liraglutide dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced apoptosis and increased cAMP levels in H9c2 cells, with roflumilast but also PDE8 inhibition further enhancing cAMP production by liraglutide. GLP1R-stimulated cAMP markedly suppressed the LPS-dependent induction of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-1b, and IL-6 cytokine expression, of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and nuclear factor (NF)-kB activity, of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 levels and activities, and of myocardial injury markers in H9c2 cardiac cells. The effects of liraglutide were mediated by the GLP1R since they were abolished by the GLP1R antagonist exendin(9-39). Importantly, AC inhibition completely abrogated liraglutide`s suppression of LPS-dependent inflammatory injury, whereas roflumilast significantly enhanced the protective effects of liraglutide against LPS-induced inflammation. Finally, PKA inhibition or Epac1/2 inhibition alone only partially blocked liraglutide`s suppression of LPS-induced inflammation in H9c2 cardiac cells, but, together, PKA and Epac1/2 inhibition fully prevented liraglutide from reducing LPS-dependent inflammation.

Conclusions: cAMP, via activation of both PKA and Epac, is essential for GLP1R`s anti-inflammatory signaling in cardiac cells and that cAMP levels crucially regulate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of GLP1R agonists in the heart. Strategies that elevate cardiac cAMP levels, such as PDE4 inhibition, may potentiate the cardiovascular, including anti-inflammatory, benefits of GLP1R agonist drugs.

背景:胰高血糖素样肽(GLP)-1 受体(GLP1R)激动剂除了控制血糖水平和减少肥胖外,还对心血管产生多种有益影响。它们还通过中枢和外周机制发挥抗炎作用。GLP1R 是一种 G 蛋白偶联受体(GPCR),与腺苷酸环化酶(AC)刺激性 Gs 蛋白偶联,以提高细胞中环 3`-5`- 腺苷酸单磷酸(cAMP)的水平。cAMP 通过其效应蛋白激酶 A(PKA)和直接由 cAMP 激活的交换蛋白(Epac)发挥各种抗凋亡和抗炎作用。然而,cAMP 在介导 GLP1R 抗炎作用(至少在心脏中)方面的确切作用和重要性仍有待确定。为此,我们测试了 GLP1R 激动剂利拉鲁肽对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的 H9c2 心脏细胞急性炎症损伤的影响,无论是在没有 cAMP 生成(AC 抑制)的情况下,还是在通过罗氟司特抑制磷酸二酯酶(PDE)-4 提高 cAMP 水平的情况下:利拉鲁肽剂量依赖性地抑制了LPS诱导的细胞凋亡,并提高了H9c2细胞中的cAMP水平,罗氟司特和PDE8抑制进一步增强了利拉鲁肽产生的cAMP。GLP1R刺激的cAMP明显抑制了LPS依赖性诱导的促炎性肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-a、白细胞介素(IL)-1b和IL-6细胞因子的表达、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的表达和核因子(NF)-kB的活性、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2和MMP-9的水平和活性以及H9c2心肌细胞的心肌损伤标志物。利拉鲁肽的作用是由 GLP1R 介导的,因为它们被 GLP1R 拮抗剂 exendin(9-39) 所取消。重要的是,AC抑制完全削弱了利拉鲁肽对LPS依赖性炎症损伤的抑制作用,而罗氟司特则显著增强了利拉鲁肽对LPS诱导的炎症的保护作用。最后,单独的 PKA 抑制或 Epac1/2 抑制只能部分阻断利拉鲁肽对 H9c2 心脏细胞中 LPS 诱导的炎症的抑制作用,但 PKA 和 Epac1/2 联合抑制可完全阻止利拉鲁肽减轻 LPS 依赖性炎症。结论:通过激活 PKA 和 Epac,cAMP 对 GLP1R 在心脏细胞中的抗炎信号转导至关重要,而且 cAMP 水平对 GLP1R 激动剂在心脏中的抗炎功效具有关键性调节作用。提高心脏 cAMP 水平的策略(如抑制 PDE4)可能会增强 GLP1R 激动剂药物对心血管(包括抗炎)的益处。
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引用次数: 0
Olink proteomics and lipidomics analysis of serum from patients infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 对感染非结核分枝杆菌和结核分枝杆菌的患者血清进行 Olink 蛋白质组学和脂质组学分析。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01943-z
Li Wang, Guoling Yang, Liang Guo, Lan Yao, Yidian Liu, Wei Sha

Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infections are difficult to diagnose and treat, significantly burdening global health. The host immune status is generally believed to be associated with the onset and progression of NTM and MTB infections, but its specific impact remains unclear.

Methods: In the present study, proteomics and lipidomics analysis of serum from normal controls (n = 26) and patients with MTB (n = 26), rapidly growing NTM (RGM, n = 15), and slowly growing NTM (SGM, n = 21) were conducted using the Olink technique based on a highly sensitive and specific neighborhood extension assay and the lipidomics technique.

Results: IFN-γ, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL13, etc. were simultaneously upregulated in MTB, RGM, and SGM, while lipids FAHFA 22:3, FAHFA 26:4, FAHFA 24:4, FAHFA 20:5, FAHFA 18:2 simultaneously downregulated. IL8, CCL3, CXCL5, and MCP-2, etc. were simultaneously upregulated in RGM and SGM compared to MTB, as well as PCs, LPCs, PEs, and LPEs. Compared with RGM, IL7, CD27, CCL17, CXCL12, and LPC 28:7-SN2 were downregulated in SGM. Pathway analyses revealed that tuberculosis, sphingolipid signaling pathway, and adipocytokine signaling pathway were regulated at the protein level and metabolite level. Diagnostic panels comprising immune-associated proteins and lipids greatly enhance diagnostic specificity and sensitivity.

Conclusion: This integrated multi-omics analysis provides a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular landscape of NTM and MTB, which may provide molecular targets for specialized therapies.

背景:非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)和结核分枝杆菌(MTB)感染难以诊断和治疗,给全球健康带来沉重负担。一般认为,宿主免疫状态与 NTM 和 MTB 感染的发生和发展有关,但其具体影响仍不清楚:本研究采用基于高灵敏度和特异性邻域延伸测定的 Olink 技术和脂质组学技术,对正常对照组(n = 26)和 MTB 患者(n = 26)、生长迅速的 NTM(RGM,n = 15)和生长缓慢的 NTM(SGM,n = 21)的血清进行了蛋白质组学和脂质组学分析:结果:IFN-γ、CXCL9、CXCL10、CXCL11和CXCL13等在MTB、RGM和SGM中同时上调,而脂质FAHFA 22:3、FAHFA 26:4、FAHFA 24:4、FAHFA 20:5和FAHFA 18:2同时下调。与 MTB 相比,IL8、CCL3、CXCL5 和 MCP-2 等在 RGM 和 SGM 以及 PCs、LPCs、PEs 和 LPEs 中同时上调。与RGM相比,IL7、CD27、CCL17、CXCL12和LPC 28:7-SN2在SGM中下调。通路分析表明,结核、鞘脂信号通路和脂肪细胞因子信号通路在蛋白质水平和代谢物水平受到调控。由免疫相关蛋白和脂质组成的诊断面板大大提高了诊断的特异性和灵敏度:这种多组学综合分析可让人们更全面地了解非淋菌性肺结核和 MTB 的分子图谱,从而为专门疗法提供分子靶点。
{"title":"Olink proteomics and lipidomics analysis of serum from patients infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","authors":"Li Wang, Guoling Yang, Liang Guo, Lan Yao, Yidian Liu, Wei Sha","doi":"10.1007/s00011-024-01943-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00011-024-01943-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infections are difficult to diagnose and treat, significantly burdening global health. The host immune status is generally believed to be associated with the onset and progression of NTM and MTB infections, but its specific impact remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, proteomics and lipidomics analysis of serum from normal controls (n = 26) and patients with MTB (n = 26), rapidly growing NTM (RGM, n = 15), and slowly growing NTM (SGM, n = 21) were conducted using the Olink technique based on a highly sensitive and specific neighborhood extension assay and the lipidomics technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IFN-γ, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL13, etc. were simultaneously upregulated in MTB, RGM, and SGM, while lipids FAHFA 22:3, FAHFA 26:4, FAHFA 24:4, FAHFA 20:5, FAHFA 18:2 simultaneously downregulated. IL8, CCL3, CXCL5, and MCP-2, etc. were simultaneously upregulated in RGM and SGM compared to MTB, as well as PCs, LPCs, PEs, and LPEs. Compared with RGM, IL7, CD27, CCL17, CXCL12, and LPC 28:7-SN2 were downregulated in SGM. Pathway analyses revealed that tuberculosis, sphingolipid signaling pathway, and adipocytokine signaling pathway were regulated at the protein level and metabolite level. Diagnostic panels comprising immune-associated proteins and lipids greatly enhance diagnostic specificity and sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This integrated multi-omics analysis provides a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular landscape of NTM and MTB, which may provide molecular targets for specialized therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13550,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11541342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Calprotectin is regulated by IL-17A and induces steroid hyporesponsiveness in asthma. 钙蛋白受 IL-17A 调节,并诱导哮喘患者对类固醇的低反应性。
IF 4.8 3区 医学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01937-x
Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari, Bushra Mdkhana, Shirin Hafezi, Bariaa A Khalil, Baraa Khalid Al-Sheakly, Hala Halwani, Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari, Rabih Halwani

Background: Calprotectin, a calcium-binding protein, plays a crucial role in inflammation and has been associated with various inflammatory diseases, including asthma. However, its regulation and impact on steroid hyporesponsiveness, especially in severe asthma, remain poorly understood.

Methods: This study investigated the regulation of calprotectin proteins (S100A8 and S100A9) by IL-17 and its role in steroid hyporesponsiveness using in vitro and in vivo models. Calprotectin expression was assessed in primary bronchial fibroblasts from healthy controls and severe asthmatic patients, as well as in mouse models of steroid hyporesponsive lung inflammation induced by house dust mite (HDM) allergen and cyclic-di-GMP (cdiGMP) adjuvant. The effects of IL-17A stimulation on calprotectin expression and steroid response markers in bronchial epithelial and fibroblast cells were examined. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of paquinimod, a calprotectin inhibitor, in mitigating airway inflammation and restoring steroid response signatures in the mouse model was evaluated.

Results: The results demonstrated upregulation of calprotectin expression in asthmatic bronchial fibroblasts compared to healthy controls, as well as in refractory asthma samples compared to non-refractory asthma. IL-17 stimulation induced calprotectin expression and dysregulated glucocorticoid response signatures in lung epithelial and fibroblast cells. Treatment with paquinimod reversed IL-17-induced dysregulation of steroid signatures, indicating the involvement of calprotectin in this process. In the HDM/cdiGMP mouse model, paquinimod significantly attenuated airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, and restored steroid response signatures, whereas dexamethasone showed limited efficacy. Mechanistically, paquinimod inhibited MAPK/ERK and NF-κB pathways downstream of calprotectin, leading to reduced lung inflammation.

Conclusion: These findings highlight calprotectin as a potential therapeutic target regulated by IL-17 in steroid hyporesponsive asthma. Targeting calprotectin may offer a promising approach to alleviate airway inflammation and restore steroid responsiveness in severe asthma. Further investigations are warranted to explore its therapeutic potential in clinical settings and elucidate its broader implications in steroid mechanisms of action.

背景:钙粘蛋白是一种钙结合蛋白,在炎症中起着至关重要的作用,与包括哮喘在内的多种炎症性疾病有关。然而,人们对钙粘蛋白的调控及其对类固醇低反应性的影响,尤其是对重症哮喘的影响仍知之甚少:本研究使用体外和体内模型研究了 IL-17 对钙粘蛋白(S100A8 和 S100A9)的调控及其在类固醇低反应性中的作用。在健康对照组和严重哮喘患者的原发性支气管成纤维细胞中,以及在由屋尘螨(HDM)过敏原和环二-GMP(cdiGMP)佐剂诱导的类固醇低反应性肺部炎症小鼠模型中,对钙蛋白表达进行了评估。研究还考察了 IL-17A 刺激对支气管上皮细胞和成纤维细胞中钙蛋白表达和类固醇反应标记物的影响。此外,还评估了钙蛋白抑制剂帕喹莫德(paquinimod)在减轻气道炎症和恢复小鼠模型类固醇反应特征方面的治疗潜力:结果:研究结果表明,与健康对照组相比,哮喘支气管成纤维细胞中钙蛋白表达上调;与非难治性哮喘相比,难治性哮喘样本中钙蛋白表达上调。IL-17刺激可诱导肺上皮细胞和成纤维细胞中钙蛋白的表达和糖皮质激素反应特征的失调。用帕奎尼莫德治疗可逆转IL-17诱导的类固醇特征失调,表明钙调蛋白参与了这一过程。在 HDM/cdiGMP 小鼠模型中,paquinimod 能显著减轻气道炎症和高反应性,恢复类固醇反应特征,而地塞米松的疗效有限。从机制上讲,paquinimod抑制了钙粘蛋白下游的MAPK/ERK和NF-κB通路,从而减轻了肺部炎症:这些发现强调了钙粘蛋白是类固醇低反应性哮喘中受 IL-17 调控的潜在治疗靶点。以钙蛋白为靶点可能是缓解气道炎症和恢复重症哮喘患者类固醇反应性的一种有前景的方法。还需要进一步研究以探索其在临床环境中的治疗潜力,并阐明其在类固醇作用机制中的广泛影响。
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Inflammation Research
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