A. Sebak, S. H. Bakry, S. Alshebeili, H. Fathallah, S. Al-Ajlan
{"title":"Case Study: KACST Technology Innovation Centers (TICs): The Case of the TIC in Radio Frequency and Photonics for the e-Society","authors":"A. Sebak, S. H. Bakry, S. Alshebeili, H. Fathallah, S. Al-Ajlan","doi":"10.5172/impp.2014.3557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/impp.2014.3557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86773930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper considers how the social proximity of research and finance systems has changed since the industrial revolution. It describes social capital accumulation around agriculture in global networks focused on trade, aid and the environment before assessing how the trajectories of these networks are likely to impact Australia's rural research system. Better alignment of existing repositories of social capital will be required if Australia is to retain a leading position in international agricultural research.
{"title":"Social capital and investment in agriculture: three networks converge with implications for Australia’s rural research system","authors":"K. Fairley-Grenot","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.V16I3.4851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.V16I3.4851","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers how the social proximity of research and finance systems has changed since the industrial revolution. It describes social capital accumulation around agriculture in global networks focused on trade, aid and the environment before assessing how the trajectories of these networks are likely to impact Australia's rural research system. Better alignment of existing repositories of social capital will be required if Australia is to retain a leading position in international agricultural research.","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80436680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research Note: The U.S. Advanced Manufacturing Initiative: Will it be Implemented as an Innovation – or Industrial – Policy?","authors":"Thomas A. Hemphill","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.V16I1.2854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.V16I1.2854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77591269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:普通表格; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} Automakers have been emphasized as an important knowledge source of a vehicle parts supplier. However, when the knowledge of automakers can be used more effectively is not clear. Thus, theoretic instructions for suppliers’ strategic decision on the use of this important knowledge in different situations are lacking. To reveal the different effects of suppliers using automakers’ knowledge in different situations, in this paper, we distinguish situations based on two criteria: ① the nature of inventions (i.e., exploitation and exploration) and ② the level of suppliers’ knowledge-creating capability. Using the US automobile manufacturing industry as the sample, we explored the characteristics of using the automakers’ knowledge in vehicle parts suppliers’ knowledge-creating activities in different situations. We find that automakers’ knowledge is most useful in the exploitative invention or for suppliers with a lower level of creation capability. This result reveals that the automakers’ knowledge is a preliminary element in suppliers’ invention; that is, it can support conventional inventions for weak suppliers.
{"title":"THE USE OF AUTOMAKERS’ KNOWLEDGE IN THE COMPONENTS SUPPLIER’S INNOVATIONS: DIFFERENT EFFECTS IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS","authors":"Yan Lin, Yan Chen","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.V16I1.2965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.V16I1.2965","url":null,"abstract":"Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 \u0000st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } \u0000 /* Style Definitions */ \u0000 table.MsoNormalTable \u0000 {mso-style-name:普通表格; \u0000 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; \u0000 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; \u0000 mso-style-noshow:yes; \u0000 mso-style-parent:\"\"; \u0000 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; \u0000 mso-para-margin:0cm; \u0000 mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; \u0000 mso-pagination:widow-orphan; \u0000 font-size:10.0pt; \u0000 font-family:\"Times New Roman\"; \u0000 mso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\"; \u0000 mso-ansi-language:#0400; \u0000 mso-fareast-language:#0400; \u0000 mso-bidi-language:#0400;} \u0000 Automakers have been emphasized as an important knowledge source of a vehicle parts supplier. However, when the knowledge of automakers can be used more effectively is not clear. Thus, theoretic instructions for suppliers’ strategic decision on the use of this important knowledge in different situations are lacking. To reveal the different effects of suppliers using automakers’ knowledge in different situations, in this paper, we distinguish situations based on two criteria: ① the nature of inventions (i.e., exploitation and exploration) and ② the level of suppliers’ knowledge-creating capability. Using the US automobile manufacturing industry as the sample, we explored the characteristics of using the automakers’ knowledge in vehicle parts suppliers’ knowledge-creating activities in different situations. We find that automakers’ knowledge is most useful in the exploitative invention or for suppliers with a lower level of creation capability. This result reveals that the automakers’ knowledge is a preliminary element in suppliers’ invention; that is, it can support conventional inventions for weak suppliers.","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90908337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Firms’ applying of the inter- and intra-organizational knowledge transfers is critical for product innovation in emerging economies. Based on the institutional theory, this research examines the contingencies of firms’ inter- and intra- organizational transferred knowledge applying across different types of firms and geographic regions. The empirical results generally confirmed the proposed research hypotheses, supporting the proposition that the positive effect of firms’ inter- and intra- organizational knowledge transfers on product innovation is stronger in developed region. Moreover, comparing with privately owned enterprises and state-owned enterprises, foreign invested enterprises would benefit more from intra-organizational knowledge transfer and benefit less from inter-organizational knowledge transfer.
{"title":"The institutional framework of inter- and intra-organizational transferred knowledge applying","authors":"Yu Gao, A. Page, Shanxing Gao, Yin Zhou, Wei Yang","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.V16I1.3392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.V16I1.3392","url":null,"abstract":"Firms’ applying of the inter- and intra-organizational knowledge transfers is critical for product innovation in emerging economies. Based on the institutional theory, this research examines the contingencies of firms’ inter- and intra- organizational transferred knowledge applying across different types of firms and geographic regions. The empirical results generally confirmed the proposed research hypotheses, supporting the proposition that the positive effect of firms’ inter- and intra- organizational knowledge transfers on product innovation is stronger in developed region. Moreover, comparing with privately owned enterprises and state-owned enterprises, foreign invested enterprises would benefit more from intra-organizational knowledge transfer and benefit less from inter-organizational knowledge transfer.","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81756768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper aims to develop a new theory to explain the iceberg phenomenon that has emerged in recent years, in which some small firms prosper while large ones fade away ; this has especially occurred with those firms in the mature stage of the industry life cycle and is in contrast to a well-known phenomenon, the Matthew effect. In this paper, several concepts and theories are taken into account to construct a theoretical framework, including the resource-based theory, the resource-dependency theory, and theories of the diffusion of innovation, and dynamic capability. A n experimental research design is developed to verify four hypotheses. Based on the results, a theory of innovation resource synergy is confirmed , which sheds light on phenomenon mentioned above. Implications for managers of both large and small firms are provided, as are suggestions for future research .
{"title":"Innovation Theory: A Theory of Innovation Resource Synergy","authors":"I. Chen, Jui-Kuei Chen","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.V15I3.1529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.V15I3.1529","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aims to develop a new theory to explain the iceberg phenomenon that has emerged in recent years, in which some small firms prosper while large ones fade away ; this has especially occurred with those firms in the mature stage of the industry life cycle and is in contrast to a well-known phenomenon, the Matthew effect. In this paper, several concepts and theories are taken into account to construct a theoretical framework, including the resource-based theory, the resource-dependency theory, and theories of the diffusion of innovation, and dynamic capability. A n experimental research design is developed to verify four hypotheses. Based on the results, a theory of innovation resource synergy is confirmed , which sheds light on phenomenon mentioned above. Implications for managers of both large and small firms are provided, as are suggestions for future research .","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81948646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), founded in 1906, is an agency of the US Department of Health and Human Services, an executive department of the United States Government and responsible for regulating and supervising prescription and over-the-counter drugs, vaccines, and biopharmaceuticals. The FDAs Center for Drug Evaluation and Research is responsible for approving three types of ethical drugs: new drugs ('new drug applications' or 'biologics licensing applications'), generic drugs and over-the-counter drugs. A drug that is approved by the FDA is deemed 'safe and effective when used as directed'. While the FDA deserves greater scrutiny of its drug regulatory review process (amended under the FDA Modernization Act of 1997) as it pertains to the approval of drugs for gravely ill patients, criticism of the agency's overall safety record has less to do with the reduction of approvals of new drugs over the last decade than an evolution in the pharmaceutical industry business model, one based on a different allocation of R&D financial investment in drug product development portfolios. From an innovation strategy vantage point, many pharmaceutical companies are now re-focusing R&D efforts on commercial capabilities, thus recognizing that incremental innovation, in the form of drug reformulations, or new drug indications, in the form of repurposed drugs, strategically complements the occasionally successful 'blockbuster' drug.
{"title":"The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and New Drug Approvals: A Safety vs. Innovation Paradox?","authors":"Thomas A. Hemphill","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.V15I3.1356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.V15I3.1356","url":null,"abstract":"The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), founded in 1906, is an agency of the US Department of Health and Human Services, an executive department of the United States Government and responsible for regulating and supervising prescription and over-the-counter drugs, vaccines, and biopharmaceuticals. The FDAs Center for Drug Evaluation and Research is responsible for approving three types of ethical drugs: new drugs ('new drug applications' or 'biologics licensing applications'), generic drugs and over-the-counter drugs. A drug that is approved by the FDA is deemed 'safe and effective when used as directed'. While the FDA deserves greater scrutiny of its drug regulatory review process (amended under the FDA Modernization Act of 1997) as it pertains to the approval of drugs for gravely ill patients, criticism of the agency's overall safety record has less to do with the reduction of approvals of new drugs over the last decade than an evolution in the pharmaceutical industry business model, one based on a different allocation of R&D financial investment in drug product development portfolios. From an innovation strategy vantage point, many pharmaceutical companies are now re-focusing R&D efforts on commercial capabilities, thus recognizing that incremental innovation, in the form of drug reformulations, or new drug indications, in the form of repurposed drugs, strategically complements the occasionally successful 'blockbuster' drug.","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90487312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing the Relative Efficiency of Innovative Activities with Uncertainty: The Case of Korean Electronic Equipment Industry","authors":"Hye-Seon Moon","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.2012.1287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.2012.1287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82740810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Patterns of Innovation in Digital Content Services: The Case of App Store Applications","authors":"S. Zeng, Xuemei Xie, C. Tam","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.2012.1923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.2012.1923","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75785229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An analysis of 303 faculty members from six universities, two each from northern, central, and southern Taiwan , indicates that a manager’s visionary leadership moderates the link between employees who are neurotic and their perceived innovative interaction. As hypothesized, the findings reveal that managers who demonstrate visionary leadership can effectively improve neurotic employees’ perceived innovative interaction in the workplace, whereas without such visionary leadership, neurotic employees will perceive a reduction in innovative interaction in conjunction with increased anxiety.
{"title":"Research Note: Don’t Worry, I’m With You: Can Visionary Leadership Release Neurotic Employees for More Perceived Innovative Interactions?","authors":"I. Chen","doi":"10.5172/IMPP.V15I2.1259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5172/IMPP.V15I2.1259","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of 303 faculty members from six universities, two each from northern, central, and southern Taiwan , indicates that a manager’s visionary leadership moderates the link between employees who are neurotic and their perceived innovative interaction. As hypothesized, the findings reveal that managers who demonstrate visionary leadership can effectively improve neurotic employees’ perceived innovative interaction in the workplace, whereas without such visionary leadership, neurotic employees will perceive a reduction in innovative interaction in conjunction with increased anxiety.","PeriodicalId":13564,"journal":{"name":"Innovation-management Policy & Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88922792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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