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2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)最新文献

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Optimal battery configuration in a residential home with time-of-use pricing 最佳电池配置在住宅与使用时间定价
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687950
Baris Aksanli, T. Simunic
Residential energy consumption shows significant diurnal patterns that can be leveraged by energy storage devices. Batteries can store energy from either local renewable sources or from the grid when the electricity is cheaper, and provide it when the prices are higher. However, batteries are chemical devices and their efficiency and lifetime highly depends on the usage patterns. In this paper, we develop a framework that considers the physical properties of batteries, tests the feasibility of a battery deployment and finds the best battery types and configurations for a particular residential configuration. We validate the outcomes our framework through simulations that are informed by measurements. Our framework shows that up to 43% savings can be obtained with batteries, which may be lower or completely eliminated if the batteries are not used in specific configurations.
住宅能源消耗显示出显著的日模式,可以通过储能设备加以利用。电池既可以储存来自当地可再生能源的能量,也可以在电价较低时储存来自电网的能量,并在电价较高时提供。然而,电池是化学设备,其效率和寿命在很大程度上取决于使用模式。在本文中,我们开发了一个框架,该框架考虑了电池的物理特性,测试了电池部署的可行性,并为特定的住宅配置找到了最佳的电池类型和配置。我们通过通过测量得到的模拟来验证我们的框架的结果。我们的框架显示,使用电池可以节省高达43%的能源,如果电池不在特定配置中使用,可能会更低或完全消除。
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引用次数: 27
Impact study of collaborative implementation models on total cost of ownership of integrated fiber-wireless smart grid communications infrastructures 协同实现模式对集成光纤-无线智能电网通信基础设施总拥有成本的影响研究
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687929
Ramzi Charni, M. Maier
The majority of previous studies give good insight in the overall costs of various communications network architectures but most consider only the vertical integration model. However, it is necessary to take a closer look at the possibilities and gains through collaboration. In this work, we develop a flexible, generic yet comprehensive total cost of ownership (TCO) framework, which calculates the overall costs related to the rollout of smart grid communications networks for different scenarios. Further, we present our novel collaborative implementation model for a shared infrastructure for both broadband access and smart grid communications. In addition, buildings currently shift from a product to a service (i.e., renewable power supply). Thus, our idea is that housing companies will collaborate by offering the positive renewable energy to communications network providers. We study the impact of this model on TCO and compare it with tradionnal vertical integration model. The sensitivity analysis for the key cost parameters is conducted. We also analyze the risk related to renewable energy intermittency.
以往的大多数研究对各种通信网络架构的总体成本给出了很好的见解,但大多数研究只考虑了垂直集成模型。但是,有必要仔细考虑通过合作带来的可能性和收益。在这项工作中,我们开发了一个灵活、通用但全面的总拥有成本(TCO)框架,该框架计算了与不同场景下智能电网通信网络推出相关的总体成本。此外,我们提出了用于宽带接入和智能电网通信的共享基础设施的新型协作实现模型。此外,建筑目前正从一种产品转变为一种服务(即可再生能源供应)。因此,我们的想法是,住房公司将通过向通信网络提供商提供积极的可再生能源来合作。研究了该模型对TCO的影响,并与传统的垂直整合模型进行了比较。对关键成本参数进行了敏感性分析。我们还分析了与可再生能源间歇性相关的风险。
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引用次数: 6
On the scalable collection of metering data in smart grids through message concatenation 智能电网中计量数据的消息拼接可伸缩收集
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687977
B. Karimi, V. Namboodiri, Murtuza Jadliwala
Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) initiatives are a popular tool to incorporate changes for modernizing the electricity grid, reduce peak loads, and meet energy-efficiency targets. There is the looming issue of how to communicate and handle consumer data collected by electric utilities and manage limited communication network resources. Several data relay points are required to collect data distributedly and send them through a communication backhaul. This work studies the smart meter message concatenation (SMMC) problem of how to concatenate multiple small smart metering messages arriving at data concentrator units (DCUs) in order to reduce protocol overhead and thus network utilization. This problem needs to deal with the added constraint that each originating message from its source may have its own stated deadline that must be taken into account during the concatenation process. Six heuristic algorithms are proposed and evaluated to gain a better understanding of the best data volume reduction policies that can be applied at data concentrators of smart grids.
高级计量基础设施(AMI)计划是一种流行的工具,用于整合电网现代化、减少峰值负荷和满足能源效率目标的变化。如何沟通和处理电力公司收集的消费者数据,以及如何管理有限的通信网络资源,这是一个迫在眉睫的问题。需要几个数据中继点来分散地收集数据并通过通信回程发送数据。本文研究了智能电表消息串联(SMMC)问题,即如何将到达数据集中器单元(dcu)的多个小智能电表消息串联起来,以减少协议开销和网络利用率。此问题需要处理附加的约束,即来自其源的每个原始消息可能有自己规定的截止日期,必须在连接过程中加以考虑。提出并评估了六种启发式算法,以更好地理解可应用于智能电网数据集中器的最佳数据量减少策略。
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引用次数: 32
Feedback control scheme with prediction for power line communication channels 电力线通信信道预测反馈控制方案
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687972
Cesar Carrizo, Kentaro Kobayashi, Hiraku Okada, M. Katayama
This paper presents a simple scheme to improve the performance of a system involving a power line to transfer signals to control the motion of a single machine. The feedback loop consists of a power line with its characteristic cyclostationary noise which allows for predictable and virtually error free transmission instants as well as predictable instants of high probability of error. We evaluate the effectiveness of a predictive control scheme adapted to the cyclostationary noise in the power line environment. In other words, we explore the cooperation between the system's physical and application layers to achieve an overall optimization. To rate the performance of our system we evaluate and compare the stability and accuracy of the control in the systems with and without the scheme. As a result, it is confirmed that with the predictive control scheme added to the channel prediction scheme, the periodic instants of low noise can be successfully exploited to send additional data to be used when there is high noise, and therefore optimize the system's performance.
本文提出了一种简单的方案来提高系统的性能,该系统使用电力线来传输信号以控制单个机器的运动。反馈回路由具有循环平稳噪声特性的电力线组成,它允许可预测和几乎无误差的传输瞬间以及高误差概率的可预测瞬间。我们评估了一种适应电力线环境中周期平稳噪声的预测控制方案的有效性。换句话说,我们探索系统物理层和应用层之间的协作,以实现整体优化。为了评价系统的性能,我们评估和比较了在有和没有该方案的系统中控制的稳定性和准确性。结果表明,在信道预测方案中加入预测控制方案,可以成功地利用低噪声的周期性瞬间发送额外的数据供高噪声时使用,从而优化系统性能。
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引用次数: 1
Enabling Demand Response in a computer cluster 在计算机集群中启用需求响应
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687954
Chen Wang, M. Groot
Demand Response(DR) is a method for stimulating end-users to adjust consumption to support the change in the electricity market. DR can be used to improve the stability of power supply including the power generation, transmission and distribution. It can also be used to improve electricity market operation. Furthermore, significant cost savings can be made on the consumer side via the financial incentives in a range of DR programs. As the cloud computing paradigm gains popularity, there is an associated rapid growth of public and private data centers. Data center energy consumption increases significantly. Putting data center energy consumption in the context of power grid becomes important. In this paper, we propose an architecture to integrate data centre computer clusters with a DR service. The resource manager of a cluster can therefore take DR events into account when allocating resources. We particularly focus on resource provisioning for parallel workloads in such a cluster, and propose a DR strategy that is capable of balancing energy savings and user satisfaction.
需求响应(DR)是一种刺激终端用户调整消费以支持电力市场变化的方法。容灾技术可用于提高发电、输电、配电等供电系统的稳定性。它也可以用来改善电力市场运作。此外,通过一系列DR计划中的财政激励措施,消费者方面可以节省大量成本。随着云计算范式的普及,公共和私有数据中心也随之快速增长。数据中心能耗显著增加。将数据中心的能源消耗置于电网的背景下变得非常重要。本文提出了一种集成数据中心计算机集群和容灾服务的体系结构。因此,集群的资源管理器在分配资源时可以考虑容灾事件。我们特别关注这种集群中并行工作负载的资源配置,并提出一种能够平衡能源节约和用户满意度的DR策略。
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引用次数: 4
The potential of smart home sensors in forecasting household electricity demand 智能家居传感器在预测家庭用电需求方面的潜力
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687962
H. Ziekow, C. Goebel, Jens Strüker, H. Jacobsen
The aim of this paper is to quantify the impact of disaggregated electric power measurements on the accuracy of household demand forecasts. Demand forecasting on the household level is regarded as an essential mechanism for matching distributed power generation and demand in smart power grids. We use state-of-the-art forecasting tools, in particular support vector machines and neural networks, to evaluate the use of disaggregated smart home sensor data for household-level demand forecasting. Our investigation leverages high resolution data from 3 private households collected over 30 days. Our key results are as follows: First, by comparing the accuracy of the machine learning based forecasts with a persistence forecast we show that advanced forecasting methods already yield better forecasts, even when carried out on aggregated household consumption data that could be obtained from smart meters (1-7%). Second, our comparison of forecasts based on disaggregated data from smart home sensors with the persistence and smart meter benchmarks reveals further forecast improvements (4-33%). Third, our sensitivity analysis with respect to the time resolution of data shows that more data only improves forecasting accuracy up to a certain point. Thus, having more sensors appears to be more valuable than increasing the time resolution of measurements.
本文的目的是量化分类电力测量对家庭需求预测准确性的影响。家庭层面的需求预测被认为是智能电网中分布式发电与需求匹配的重要机制。我们使用最先进的预测工具,特别是支持向量机和神经网络,来评估分解智能家居传感器数据在家庭需求预测中的使用情况。我们的调查利用了30天内从3个私人家庭收集的高分辨率数据。我们的主要结果如下:首先,通过比较基于机器学习的预测与持久性预测的准确性,我们发现先进的预测方法已经产生了更好的预测,即使是在可以从智能电表获得的汇总家庭消费数据(1-7%)上进行的预测。其次,我们将基于智能家居传感器分类数据的预测与持久性和智能电表基准的预测进行了比较,揭示了进一步的预测改进(4-33%)。第三,我们对数据时间分辨率的敏感性分析表明,更多的数据只能在一定程度上提高预测精度。因此,拥有更多的传感器似乎比增加测量的时间分辨率更有价值。
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引用次数: 47
A formal model for verifying stealthy attacks on state estimation in power grids 一种验证电网状态估计隐形攻击的形式化模型
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687993
M. Rahman, E. Al-Shaer, Md. Ashfaqur Rahman
The power system state estimation is very important for maintaining the power system securely, reliably, and efficiently. An attacker can compromise meters or communication systems and introduce false measurements, which can evade existing bad data detection algorithms and lead to incorrect state estimation. This kind of stealthy attack is well-known as Undetected False Data Injection (UFDI) attack. However, attackers usually have different constraints with respect to knowledge, capabilities, resources, and attack targets. These attack attributes are important to consider in order to know the potential attack vectors. In this paper, we propose a formal model for UFDI attack verification in order to provide security analytics for power grid state estimation. Our model formalizes the grid information and different constraints, particularly with respect to attackers' point of view. The solution to the model provides an attack vector, when it exists, by satisfying the given constraints. We demonstrate our UFDI attack verification model with the help of an example. We evaluated our proposed model by running experiments on different IEEE test systems and we found that our model is very efficient in solving problems with hundreds of buses.
电力系统状态估计是保证电力系统安全、可靠、高效运行的重要手段。攻击者可以破坏仪表或通信系统并引入错误的测量,这可以逃避现有的坏数据检测算法并导致错误的状态估计。这种隐形攻击被称为未检测到的虚假数据注入(UFDI)攻击。然而,攻击者通常在知识、能力、资源和攻击目标方面有不同的约束。为了了解潜在的攻击向量,必须考虑这些攻击属性。本文提出了一种用于UFDI攻击验证的形式化模型,为电网状态估计提供安全分析。我们的模型形式化了网格信息和不同的约束,特别是关于攻击者的观点。该模型的解决方案通过满足给定的约束,提供了一个存在的攻击向量。我们通过一个例子来演示我们的UFDI攻击验证模型。我们通过在不同的IEEE测试系统上运行实验来评估我们提出的模型,我们发现我们的模型在解决数百个总线的问题时非常有效。
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引用次数: 26
An On-line PLC frequency impedance analyzer 在线PLC频率阻抗分析仪
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6688025
C. Kikkert
The development of an On-line PLC frequency impedance analyzer is presented. This analyzer will allow the impedances of power lines, transformers and other loads to be determined at PLC frequencies while they are powered up. This then allows efficient PLC couplers to be designed and PLC communication networks to be analyzed, to ensure that no parts of the network cause data communication failure by presenting short circuits at PLC frequencies to the rest of the network.
介绍了一种在线PLC频率阻抗分析仪的研制。该分析仪将允许电源线,变压器和其他负载在PLC频率上电时确定阻抗。这样就可以设计高效的PLC耦合器并分析PLC通信网络,以确保网络的任何部分都不会通过在PLC频率上向网络的其余部分呈现短路而导致数据通信故障。
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引用次数: 12
A model of demand response energy management system in industrial facilities 工业设施需求响应能源管理系统模型
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687964
Yuemin Ding, S. Hong
Demand response energy management improves the reliability of electrical grids and reduces electricity cost of consumers by shifting part of the demand from peak to off-peak demand periods. On the demand side, industrial facilities consume huge amounts of electricity, highlighting the urgent need to implement demand response energy management. In this study, we propose a general model of demand response energy management systems for industrial facilities. The model consists of model elements, model architecture, and approaches to industrial demand response. The proposed model provides a straightforward means of designing and analyzing demand response systems in industrial facilities and assists in developing standards for such systems. We also present an example of this model applied to a steel manufacturing facility.
需求响应能源管理通过将部分需求从高峰时段转移到非高峰时段,提高了电网的可靠性,降低了消费者的电力成本。在需求侧,工业设施耗电量巨大,迫切需要实施需求响应能源管理。在本研究中,我们提出了工业设施需求响应能源管理系统的一般模型。该模型由模型元素、模型体系结构和工业需求响应方法组成。所建议的模型提供了一种设计和分析工业设施需求响应系统的直接方法,并有助于为这些系统制定标准。最后给出了该模型在某钢厂的应用实例。
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引用次数: 32
A control loop approach for integrating the future decentralized power markets and grids 一种整合未来分散电力市场和电网的控制回路方法
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6688022
Yong Ding, M. A. Neumann, M. Budde, M. Beigl, P. Silva, Lin Zhang
We are facing a restructuring of the power industry towards a smart grid. The vision of the smart grid represents not only the creation of intelligent power supply networks to allow efficient and reliable use of energy resources, but also the redesign of the market structure coupled with it. In order to develop a smart grid-ready power market, the integration of the physical reality of the power grid into the economic market model has been set as the first requirement. To address this problem, we present a feedback control model to interconnect the physical grid and the economic market in a decoupled control loop. Our proposed control loop consists of two subsystems, namely an Optimal Power Flow (OPF)-based physical system and a Continuous Double Auction (CDA)-based economic system. A dynamic coefficient matrix generated by the Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP) algorithm is adopted for the market clearing mechanism to account for the real-time power flow and transmission constraints. Finally, we demonstrate some initial experiments for a feasibility test of the interaction between the proposed physical power system and economic power market.
我们正面临着向智能电网转型的电力行业重组。智能电网的愿景不仅代表了智能供电网络的创建,以实现能源的高效可靠使用,而且还代表了与之相结合的市场结构的重新设计。为了发展智能电网电力市场,将电网的物理现实与经济市场模型相结合是首要要求。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一个反馈控制模型,将物理电网和经济市场连接在一个解耦的控制回路中。我们提出的控制回路由两个子系统组成,即基于最优潮流(OPF)的物理系统和基于连续双拍卖(CDA)的经济系统。市场出清机制采用由位置边际定价(LMP)算法生成的动态系数矩阵来考虑实时潮流和传输约束。最后,我们进行了一些初步实验,以验证所提出的物理电力系统与经济电力市场之间相互作用的可行性。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)
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