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2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)最新文献

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DRSim: A cyber physical simulator for Demand Response systems DRSim:需求响应系统的网络物理模拟器
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687960
T. Wijaya, Dipyaman Banerjee, T. Ganu, D. Chakraborty, S. Battacharya, Thanasis G. Papaioannou, D. Seetharam, K. Aberer
Demand Response (DR) is a mechanism in which electricity consumers alter their demand in response to power grid's supply and economic conditions. DR programs have the potential to improve resource efficiency, sustainability, grid reliability and economic viability by providing tighter alignment between demand and supply. However, implementing DR program is a non-trivial task as it requires good knowledge of electricity consumption preferences, economic models and contextual factors. Developing such knowledge through real world studies can be expensive and be time consuming. As a result, utility companies have been finding it complicated to analyze potential viability and return on investments of DR programs for various `what-if' scenarios. To address this problem, we present DRSim - a cyber-physical simulator that allows utility companies to study demand side participation aspects of communities with various practical scenarios. DRSim is based on the principles of agent-oriented modeling of users' behavior and context. It is able to model the emergent behavior of a community based on real data traces that contain partial information about the environment. DRSim is a highly extensible framework to accommodate new data sources, new analytical functionalities and evolve its modeling power. Feasibility experiments show the modeling and analysis potential of DRSim in practical settings.
需求响应是指电力消费者根据电网供应和经济条件改变需求的一种机制。DR项目通过提供更紧密的供需关系,有可能提高资源效率、可持续性、电网可靠性和经济可行性。然而,实施DR计划是一项艰巨的任务,因为它需要对电力消费偏好、经济模型和环境因素有很好的了解。通过现实世界的研究来发展这样的知识既昂贵又耗时。因此,公用事业公司发现,在各种“假设”情景下,分析DR项目的潜在可行性和投资回报非常复杂。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了DRSim——一个网络物理模拟器,允许公用事业公司在各种实际场景下研究社区的需求方参与方面。DRSim基于面向代理的用户行为和上下文建模原则。它能够基于包含有关环境的部分信息的真实数据跟踪对社区的紧急行为进行建模。DRSim是一个高度可扩展的框架,以适应新的数据源,新的分析功能和发展其建模能力。可行性实验证明了DRSim在实际环境中的建模和分析潜力。
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引用次数: 22
SECPSIM: A Training Simulator for cyber-power infrastructure security SECPSIM:网络电力基础设施安全培训模拟器
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687934
Ceeman Vellaithurai, A. Srivastava, S. Zonouz
Trustworthy critical power grid infrastructures require suitable cyber and power security protection efforts. Expert system operators play a crucial role in protecting complex power-grid networks; however, inefficient training of system operators regarding potential cyber attacks and physical security threats can potentially result in malicious compromises and catastrophic consequences. In this paper, we present SECPSIM, a user-friendly framework based on mathematical models of corrective control actions against various intrusions and failure scenarios. Our experimental results show that SECPSIM can help in learning and provide appropriate corrective cyber-physical control actions efficiently, and provide inexperienced individuals with an effective tutorial user interface.
值得信赖的关键电网基础设施需要适当的网络和电力安全保护措施。专家系统操作员在保护复杂电网中起着至关重要的作用;然而,针对潜在的网络攻击和物理安全威胁对系统操作员进行低效的培训,可能会导致恶意的妥协和灾难性的后果。在本文中,我们提出了SECPSIM,这是一个基于针对各种入侵和故障场景的纠正控制动作的数学模型的用户友好框架。实验结果表明,SECPSIM可以有效地帮助学习和提供适当的纠正性网络物理控制行动,并为没有经验的个人提供有效的教程用户界面。
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引用次数: 8
Dynamic modeling and resilience for power distribution 电力分配的动态建模与弹性
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687938
Yun Wei, C. Ji, F. Galvan, Stephen Couvillon, George Orellana
Resilience of power distribution is pertinent to the energy grid under severe weather. This work develops an analytical formulation for large-scale failure and recovery of power distribution induced by severe weather. A focus is on incorporating pertinent characteristics of topological network structures into spatial temporal modeling. Such characteristics are new notations as dynamic failure- and recovery-neighborhoods. The neighborhoods quantify correlated failures and recoveries due to topology and types of components in power distribution. The resulting model is a multi-scale non-stationary spatial temporal random process. Dynamic resilience is then defined based on the model. Using the model and large-scale real data from Hurricane Ike, unique characteristics are identified: The failures follow the 80/20 rule where 74.3% of the total failures result from 20.7% of failure neighborhoods with up to 72 components “failed” together. Thus the hurricane caused a large number of correlated failures. Unlike the failures, the recoveries follow 60/90 rule: 59.3% of recoveries resulted from 92.7% of all neighborhoods where either one component alone or two together recovered. Thus about 60% recoveries were uncorrelated and required individual restorations. The failure and recovery processes are further studied through the resilience metric to identify the least resilient regions and time durations.
电网在恶劣天气条件下的配电弹性是电网的重要问题。本文提出了一种针对恶劣天气引起的大规模配电故障和恢复的分析公式。重点是将拓扑网络结构的相关特征纳入时空建模。这些特征是动态失效邻域和恢复邻域的新符号。邻域量化了由于拓扑结构和配电元件类型导致的相关故障和恢复。所得模型是一个多尺度非平稳时空随机过程。然后根据模型定义动态弹性。使用模型和飓风艾克的大规模真实数据,确定了独特的特征:失效遵循80/20规则,其中74.3%的总失效是由20.7%的失效邻域导致的,其中多达72个组件“失效”在一起。因此,飓风造成了大量相关的失效。与失败不同,回收率遵循60/90规则:59.3%的回收率来自92.7%的邻域,其中一个成分单独或两个成分一起回收。因此,大约60%的恢复是不相关的,需要单独恢复。通过弹性度量进一步研究故障和恢复过程,以确定弹性最小的区域和持续时间。
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引用次数: 17
A comparative study of high renewables penetration electricity grids 可再生能源高渗透率电网的比较研究
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687932
Jay Taneja, Virginia Smith, D. Culler, C. Rosenberg
Electricity grids are transforming as renewables proliferate, yet operational concerns due to fluctuations in renewables sources could limit the ultimate potential for high penetrations of renewables. In this paper, we compare three electricity grids - California, Germany, and Ontario - studying the effects of relative cost of solar and wind generation on the selection of the renewables mix, and examine the resulting excess generation. We then observe the effects of the renewables mix and the use of baseload energy generation on the limits to renewables penetration, quantifying what proportion of delivered energy can be provided by renewables. Our study shows that the optimal renewables mix, from the perspective of minimizing total cost of generation, is highly dependent on the relative costs of technology, and that above a certain penetration rate, different for each grid, the optimal mix must contain both solar and wind generation.
随着可再生能源的激增,电网正在转型,但由于可再生能源的波动,运营方面的担忧可能会限制可再生能源的高渗透率的最终潜力。在本文中,我们比较了三个电网——加利福尼亚、德国和安大略——研究了太阳能和风能发电的相对成本对可再生能源组合选择的影响,并检查了由此产生的过剩发电量。然后,我们观察了可再生能源组合和基本负荷能源发电的使用对可再生能源渗透限制的影响,量化了可再生能源提供的交付能源的比例。我们的研究表明,从发电总成本最小化的角度来看,最优的可再生能源组合高度依赖于技术的相对成本,并且在一定的渗透率以上,每个电网不同,最优的组合必须同时包含太阳能和风能发电。
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引用次数: 8
Blind topology identification for power systems 电力系统的盲拓扑辨识
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687939
Xiao Li, H. Poor, A. Scaglione
In this paper, the blind topology identification problem for power systems only using power injection data at each bus is considered. As metering becomes widespread in the smart grid, a natural question arising is how much information about the underlying infrastructure can be inferred from such data. The identifiability of the grid topology is studied, and an efficient learning algorithm to estimate the grid Laplacian matrix (i.e., the graph equivalent of the grid admittance matrix) is proposed. Finally, the performance of our algorithm for the IEEE-14 bus system is demonstrated, and the consistency of the recovered graph with the true graph associated with the underlying power grid is shown in simulations.
本文研究了仅利用各母线上的功率注入数据的电力系统的盲拓扑识别问题。随着计量在智能电网中的普及,一个自然的问题是,从这些数据中可以推断出多少关于底层基础设施的信息。研究了网格拓扑的可辨识性,提出了一种估计网格拉普拉斯矩阵(即网格导纳矩阵的图等价)的高效学习算法。最后,对该算法在IEEE-14总线系统中的性能进行了验证,并通过仿真验证了恢复图与底层电网关联的真图的一致性。
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引用次数: 47
Stabilizing hybrid data traffics in cyber physical systems with case study on smart grid 网络物理系统中混合数据流量的稳定——以智能电网为例
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687986
Husheng Li, Zhu Han, J. Song
In many cyber physical systems such as smart grids, communications are of key importance for controlling or optimizing the operation of physical dynamics. It is possible that the realtime measurement traffic for controlling the physical dynamics overlays delay-tolerant queuing data flows such as Internet service in the same communication infrastructure. The scheduling of the hybrid system is then important for the performance of both realtime control and data throughput. To balance both controls of the physical dynamics and queuing dynamics, they are integrated within the same framework of stochastic optimization, which is solved using approximate algorithm. The proposed algorithm is then applied in the context of smart grids and is demonstrated to achieve good performance over simple scheduling algorithms that are not aware of the physical dynamics state.
在许多网络物理系统如智能电网中,通信对于控制或优化物理动力学的运行至关重要。控制物理动态的实时测量流量有可能在同一通信基础设施中覆盖可容忍延迟的排队数据流(如Internet服务)。因此,混合系统的调度对实时控制和数据吞吐量的性能都很重要。为了平衡物理动力学和排队动力学的控制,将它们集成在同一个随机优化框架中,并使用近似算法求解。然后将该算法应用于智能电网的环境中,并证明该算法比不了解物理动态状态的简单调度算法实现了良好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Cloud motion estimation for short term solar irradiation prediction 短期太阳辐照预报的云运动估计
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6688040
Hao Huang, Jin Xu, Zhenzhou Peng, Shinjae Yoo, Dantong Yu, D. Huang, Hong Qin
Variability of solar energy is the most significant issue for integrating solar energy into the power Grid. There are pressing demands to develop methods to accurately estimate cloud motion that directly affects the stability of solar power output.We propose a solar prediction system that can detect cloud movements from the TSI (total sky imager) images, and then estimate the future cloud position over solar panels and subsequent solar irradiance fluctuations incurred by cloud transients. The experiment studies show that our proposed approach significantly improves the quality of cloud motion estimation within a time window (up to a few minutes) that is sufficient for grid operators to take actions to mitigate the solar power volatility.
太阳能的变异性是太阳能并网过程中最重要的问题。目前迫切需要开发方法来准确估计直接影响太阳能输出稳定性的云的运动。我们提出了一个太阳预测系统,该系统可以从TSI(全天空成像仪)图像中检测云的运动,然后估计未来太阳板上的云位置和云瞬变引起的后续太阳辐照度波动。实验研究表明,我们提出的方法在一个时间窗口(最多几分钟)内显著提高了云运动估计的质量,这足以让电网运营商采取行动来减轻太阳能的波动。
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引用次数: 49
Smart Eagle - A bird's-eye view on heterogeneous networks for commercial and industrial sites 智能鹰-对商业和工业站点异构网络的鸟瞰图
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687984
B. Scheidegger, Y. Pignolet, E. Ferranti
IT infrastructures in commercial and industrial sites are recently undergoing an evolution, which requires them to integrate large numbers of heterogeneous devices, often using multi-protocol networks. One of the driver of this evolution is represented by a recent trend in the energy sector, where local sites are encouraged to build their own microgrids. Furthermore, the lowering costs of sites automation and monitoring systems are making their adoption by industrial and commercial sites much easier to justify.In order to make the most out of these innovations, the communication between all the players of these systems is vital, and a constant monitoring of it essential. However, despite the importance of the data network, there exist currently no vendor-independent analysis and management tools tailored for such networks, usually comprised of various, sometimes very different, network types. Therefore, we present Smart Eagle, a distributed network analysis and monitoring tool capable of dealing with building automation and low-rate wireless personal area networks. We introduce the architecture of Smart Eagle, and report on our experience in taking measurements on an existing site management communication network. In particular, we were able to gather meaningful measurements from both IEEE 802.15.4 and KNX networks, without intervening on existing devices or on the underlying network infrastructure.
商业和工业场所中的IT基础设施最近正在经历一场演变,这需要它们集成大量异构设备,通常使用多协议网络。推动这一演变的因素之一是能源行业最近的一种趋势,即鼓励当地站点建立自己的微电网。此外,站点自动化和监控系统的成本降低,使它们更容易被工业和商业站点采用。为了最大限度地利用这些创新,这些系统中所有参与者之间的沟通至关重要,并且必须对其进行持续监控。然而,尽管数据网络很重要,但目前还没有为这种网络量身定制的独立于供应商的分析和管理工具,这些网络通常由各种网络类型组成,有时非常不同。因此,我们提出了智能鹰,一个分布式网络分析和监控工具,能够处理楼宇自动化和低速率无线个人区域网络。我们介绍了Smart Eagle的架构,并报告了我们在现有站点管理通信网络上进行测量的经验。特别是,我们能够从IEEE 802.15.4和KNX网络中收集有意义的测量数据,而无需干预现有设备或底层网络基础设施。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of the behavior of electric vehicle charging stations with renewable generations 具有可再生代的电动汽车充电站行为分析
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687948
Woongsup Lee, Lin Xiang, R. Schober, V. Wong
In this paper, we study the competitive interactions between electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) with renewable electricity generation facilities (REGFs). As electric vehicles (EVs) become more popular, there will be a competition between neighboring EVCSs to attract more EVs. Therefore, an EVCS is likely to set its electricity price by taking into account the competition with neighboring EVCSs, such that its revenue is maximized. We model the competitive interactions between EVCSs by using game theory. In this paper, we show that the game played by EVCSs is a supermodular game and there exists a unique pure Nash equilibrium for best response algorithms with arbitrary initial policy. Simulation results confirm the convergence of the game between EVCSs. The results also verify that it is beneficial for both EVs and EVCSs to have REGFs and all EVCSs will have REGFs in the long run.
本文研究了电动汽车充电站与可再生能源发电设施之间的竞争互动。随着电动汽车(ev)越来越受欢迎,邻近的evcs之间将会展开竞争,以吸引更多的电动汽车。因此,EVCS可能会考虑与邻近EVCS的竞争来制定电价,从而使其收益最大化。本文运用博弈论对evcs之间的竞争相互作用进行了建模。本文证明了evcs的博弈是一个超模博弈,并且对于具有任意初始策略的最佳响应算法存在唯一的纯纳什均衡。仿真结果证实了evcs之间博弈的收敛性。研究结果还证实,拥有regf对电动汽车和evcs都是有益的,从长远来看,所有evcs都将拥有regf。
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引用次数: 15
Intelligent meter placement for power quality estimation in smart grid 面向智能电网电能质量评估的智能电表安置
Pub Date : 2013-12-19 DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6688015
Sardar Ali, Kyle Weston, D. Marinakis, Kui Wu
Power quality is a crucial component of power grid reliability. Due to the high cost of measurement devices, the monitoring of power quality is non-trivial. Our objective is to deploy measurement devices on suitable power links to reduce the uncertainty of power quality estimation on non-monitored power links. To realize our objective, we first model the power grid network as a data-driven network. Using entropy-based measurements and Bayesian network models, we propose different algorithms which identify the most suitable power links for power meter placement. Our proposed solution is efficient, and has the potential to significantly reduce the uncertainty of power quality values on non-monitored power links.
电能质量是电网可靠性的重要组成部分。由于测量设备的高成本,电能质量的监测是非常重要的。我们的目标是在合适的电源链路上部署测量设备,以减少非监控电源链路上电能质量估计的不确定性。为了实现我们的目标,我们首先将电网网络建模为数据驱动网络。利用基于熵的测量和贝叶斯网络模型,我们提出了不同的算法来确定最适合功率计放置的电源链路。我们提出的解决方案是高效的,并且有可能显著减少非监控电源链路上电能质量值的不确定性。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)
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