M. el-Darouti, D. Halim, R. Hegazy, H. Gawdat, M. Fawzy, Amira M. Tawdy
Goeckerman technique (GT) has been used effectively as a therapeutic modality for psoriasis as evidenced by clinical improvement of lesions as well as long remission period. Follow up biopsies of responding cases of psoriasis revealed marked depletion of lymphocytes when compared to pre-treatment biopsies. Accordingly we hypothesized that modified Geockerman technique can deplete epidermotropic as well as upper dermal lymphocytes in early stage mycosis fungoides (MF) lesions. This study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of modified GT (in which UVA is used instead of UVB) in the management of early stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma to that of photochemotherapy [psoralen and UVA (PUVA)]. Thirty patients diagnosed with early stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (MF, stages: Ia, Ib and IIa) were recruited in the current work. All patients were randomly assigned to treatment by either modified GT (Group A, n=15) or photochemotherapy (psoralen and UVA [PUVA], Group B, n=15). All patients were assessed on clinical and histopathological basis at baseline and after cessation of therapy (after 3 months). The results were analysed using Mann Whitney U, Chi square (c2 ), McNemar and Exact tests. Both therapeutic modalities (modified GT and PUVA) yielded comparable results with insignificant difference either clinically or histopathologically (p-value = 0.833 and 0.958, respectively). Modified Goeckerman technique represents a potentially effective and safe therapeutic alternative to PUVA for early stage MF.
{"title":"Modified Goeckerman Technique: A New Therapeutic Modality for Early Stage Mycosis Fungoides: a pilot study","authors":"M. el-Darouti, D. Halim, R. Hegazy, H. Gawdat, M. Fawzy, Amira M. Tawdy","doi":"10.14800/ICS.1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.1081","url":null,"abstract":"Goeckerman technique (GT) has been used effectively as a therapeutic modality for psoriasis as evidenced by clinical improvement of lesions as well as long remission period. Follow up biopsies of responding cases of psoriasis revealed marked depletion of lymphocytes when compared to pre-treatment biopsies. Accordingly we hypothesized that modified Geockerman technique can deplete epidermotropic as well as upper dermal lymphocytes in early stage mycosis fungoides (MF) lesions. This study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of modified GT (in which UVA is used instead of UVB) in the management of early stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma to that of photochemotherapy [psoralen and UVA (PUVA)]. Thirty patients diagnosed with early stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (MF, stages: Ia, Ib and IIa) were recruited in the current work. All patients were randomly assigned to treatment by either modified GT (Group A, n=15) or photochemotherapy (psoralen and UVA [PUVA], Group B, n=15). All patients were assessed on clinical and histopathological basis at baseline and after cessation of therapy (after 3 months). The results were analysed using Mann Whitney U, Chi square (c2 ), McNemar and Exact tests. Both therapeutic modalities (modified GT and PUVA) yielded comparable results with insignificant difference either clinically or histopathologically (p-value = 0.833 and 0.958, respectively). Modified Goeckerman technique represents a potentially effective and safe therapeutic alternative to PUVA for early stage MF.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85716699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sensing of invading DNA virus genomes appear to be triggered by a number of host cell DNA sensors depending on their subcellular localization which stimulate innate anti-viral responses such as the activation of type-I interferons (IFNs) and/or inflammasomes resulting in the production of inflammatory IL-1β and IL-18 cytokines. With growing understanding of diverse identities whether these proteins function alone or with other host cell molecules and the post-translational modifications affecting their functions are under intense investigations. Nuclear resident IFI16 have been shown to sense the episomal DNA genomes of herpes viruses resulting in the induction of IFI16-inflammasome and/or interferon responses. Here, we highlight our recent finding regarding the role of cellular BRCA1, a transcription factor and DNA damage response protein, forming a distinct complex with IFI16 to regulate the nuclear innate sensing of herpes viral DNA and subsequent IFI16-ASC-procaspase-1 inflammasome complex formation and distribution to the cytoplasm leading into caspase-1 and IL-1β production. BRCA1 is also responsible for the cytoplasmic IFI16-STING signalosome activation and induction of IFN-β during de novo KSHV and HSV-1 infection. Our concurrent studies have also revealed that the histone acetyl transferase p300 mediated acetylation of nuclear IFI16 is a dynamic post-genome recognition event responsible for Ran dependent nuclear to cytoplasmic trafficking of IFI16 during herpesvirus infection. This post-translational modification is essential for IFI16-ASC interaction and inflammasome activation as well as for the association with STING in the cytoplasm resulting in IRF-3 phosphorylation, nuclear pIRF-3 localization and interferon-β production. Collectively, these comprehensive studies highlight that BRCA1 plays a hitherto unidentified immunomodulatory role to facilitate the anti-viral functions of IFI16 and acetylation of nuclear IFI16 is a necessary post-translational modification for innate responses during herpesvirus infection. These studies open up a new understanding of virus-host interplay, viral genome sensing and host innate anti-viral defense mechanisms.
{"title":"BRCA1-regulated nuclear innate sensing of Herpesviral genome by IFI16 and IFI16’s acetylation is critical for its cytoplasmic trafficking and induction of innate responses","authors":"D. Dutta, M. A. Ansari, B. Chandran","doi":"10.14800/ICS.1076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.1076","url":null,"abstract":"Sensing of invading DNA virus genomes appear to be triggered by a number of host cell DNA sensors depending on their subcellular localization which stimulate innate anti-viral responses such as the activation of type-I interferons (IFNs) and/or inflammasomes resulting in the production of inflammatory IL-1β and IL-18 cytokines. With growing understanding of diverse identities whether these proteins function alone or with other host cell molecules and the post-translational modifications affecting their functions are under intense investigations. Nuclear resident IFI16 have been shown to sense the episomal DNA genomes of herpes viruses resulting in the induction of IFI16-inflammasome and/or interferon responses. Here, we highlight our recent finding regarding the role of cellular BRCA1, a transcription factor and DNA damage response protein, forming a distinct complex with IFI16 to regulate the nuclear innate sensing of herpes viral DNA and subsequent IFI16-ASC-procaspase-1 inflammasome complex formation and distribution to the cytoplasm leading into caspase-1 and IL-1β production. BRCA1 is also responsible for the cytoplasmic IFI16-STING signalosome activation and induction of IFN-β during de novo KSHV and HSV-1 infection. Our concurrent studies have also revealed that the histone acetyl transferase p300 mediated acetylation of nuclear IFI16 is a dynamic post-genome recognition event responsible for Ran dependent nuclear to cytoplasmic trafficking of IFI16 during herpesvirus infection. This post-translational modification is essential for IFI16-ASC interaction and inflammasome activation as well as for the association with STING in the cytoplasm resulting in IRF-3 phosphorylation, nuclear pIRF-3 localization and interferon-β production. Collectively, these comprehensive studies highlight that BRCA1 plays a hitherto unidentified immunomodulatory role to facilitate the anti-viral functions of IFI16 and acetylation of nuclear IFI16 is a necessary post-translational modification for innate responses during herpesvirus infection. These studies open up a new understanding of virus-host interplay, viral genome sensing and host innate anti-viral defense mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77929257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. F. Pereira, F. Chiba, M. S. Mattera, D. H. Sumida
Apical periodontitis (AP) is an immunoinflammatory process characterized by the participation of different cell types such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, osteoclasts, and macrophages that are important sources of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Studies have found that localized inflammation in different tissues can eventually lead to systemic disorders. However, the mechanisms involved in these changes are not fully understood. It is known that high concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, derived from oral inflammation are associated with decreased insulin signal and insulin resistance, which are important risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review aims to discuss the role of proinflammatory cytokines and the mechanisms involved in the development of insulin resistance in AP models.
{"title":"Apical periodontitis, inflammation and insulin resistance","authors":"R. F. Pereira, F. Chiba, M. S. Mattera, D. H. Sumida","doi":"10.14800/ICS.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.1055","url":null,"abstract":"Apical periodontitis (AP) is an immunoinflammatory process characterized by the participation of different cell types such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, osteoclasts, and macrophages that are important sources of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Studies have found that localized inflammation in different tissues can eventually lead to systemic disorders. However, the mechanisms involved in these changes are not fully understood. It is known that high concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, derived from oral inflammation are associated with decreased insulin signal and insulin resistance, which are important risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review aims to discuss the role of proinflammatory cytokines and the mechanisms involved in the development of insulin resistance in AP models.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88927080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Roncati, A. Manenti, T. Pusiol, F. Piscioli, G. Barbolini
The lymphocytic inflammation inside the neoplastic tissue is widely considered expression of immunological reaction and a prognostic factor. This aspect has been not yet considered in carcinoid tumours and this has been the aim of our study. Our researches have been performed on 20 surgical specimens of carcinoid tumours, including gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonary cases. By immunological techniques, we have studied the presence of B, T and NK lymphocytes inside and around the neoplastic tissue. In carcinoid tumours of our series, the tissue immunological response is independent from their anatomical location. The stromal component, neo-lymphoangiogenesis and macrophage infiltration are always scant or absent. Different subtypes of lymphocytes (CD4+ T-helper, CD8+ T-cytotoxic, CD20+ B) can be present inside the proper neoplastic tissue with the same percentage and not organized in lymphatic centres, or in tertiary lymphatic organs. The lymphocytic inflammation can be quantified into three grades: brisk, not brisk or absent. It has been found independent from the mitotic count and perineural invasion, but it is inversely correlated with the presence of hepatic or lymphatic metastases. The scant presence of immunological reaction represents a tumour immuno-tolerance, likely secondary to an intrinsic histological compatibility, or to the local signaling of suppressor molecular mechanisms. On the contrary, a brisk lymphocytic infiltrate can be interpreted as a host reaction, secondary to a tissue incompatibility or to the release of pro-inflammatory molecules. This immunological aspect of carcinoid tumours deserves to be considered as a significative parameter for the metastatic risk.
{"title":"The lymphocytic inflammation correlates with metastatic risk in carcinoid tumours","authors":"L. Roncati, A. Manenti, T. Pusiol, F. Piscioli, G. Barbolini","doi":"10.14800/ICS.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.1049","url":null,"abstract":"The lymphocytic inflammation inside the neoplastic tissue is widely considered expression of immunological reaction and a prognostic factor. This aspect has been not yet considered in carcinoid tumours and this has been the aim of our study. Our researches have been performed on 20 surgical specimens of carcinoid tumours, including gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonary cases. By immunological techniques, we have studied the presence of B, T and NK lymphocytes inside and around the neoplastic tissue. In carcinoid tumours of our series, the tissue immunological response is independent from their anatomical location. The stromal component, neo-lymphoangiogenesis and macrophage infiltration are always scant or absent. Different subtypes of lymphocytes (CD4+ T-helper, CD8+ T-cytotoxic, CD20+ B) can be present inside the proper neoplastic tissue with the same percentage and not organized in lymphatic centres, or in tertiary lymphatic organs. The lymphocytic inflammation can be quantified into three grades: brisk, not brisk or absent. It has been found independent from the mitotic count and perineural invasion, but it is inversely correlated with the presence of hepatic or lymphatic metastases. The scant presence of immunological reaction represents a tumour immuno-tolerance, likely secondary to an intrinsic histological compatibility, or to the local signaling of suppressor molecular mechanisms. On the contrary, a brisk lymphocytic infiltrate can be interpreted as a host reaction, secondary to a tissue incompatibility or to the release of pro-inflammatory molecules. This immunological aspect of carcinoid tumours deserves to be considered as a significative parameter for the metastatic risk.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86049394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Substance P is a neuropeptide belonging to the tachykinins family involved in the regulation of inflammation and pain transmission. New evidence is emerging about the role of this neurotransmitter and its role in pain feeling during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this brief review was to describe the role of substance P in pain transmission.
{"title":"Substance P and pain in Orthodontics: A brief Review","authors":"A. Mangano, G. M. Abbate, L. Levrini","doi":"10.14800/ICS.1027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.1027","url":null,"abstract":"Substance P is a neuropeptide belonging to the tachykinins family involved in the regulation of inflammation and pain transmission. New evidence is emerging about the role of this neurotransmitter and its role in pain feeling during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this brief review was to describe the role of substance P in pain transmission.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89104738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefania Goncalves, E. Bas, S. Angeli, J. A. Chiossone-Kerdel
Scaffolds are routinely used in the middle ear to provide support after tympanic membrane and ossicular chain reconstruction, to provide hemostasis or to promote tissue regeneration. Its permanence within a body cavity will depend upon several factors, such as the scaffold composition and the surgical procedure to be performed. Autologous grafts (i.e. temporalis fascia, cartilage, perichondrium) are considered the gold standard for tympanic membrane repair. Autologous grafts are associated with donor site morbidity, multiple incisions and increased surgical time. Recently, many alternatives to autologous grafts have become available including allografts (Allo Derm™), xenografts and synthetic materials. Scaffolds can also be characterized by their reabsorption rates and host reaction, and these differences can be exploited to serve different purposes during surgery. While some of these materials have been attributed healing enhancement properties, other materials have been associated with adverse effects, mainly aberrant scarring. A descriptive review of the most commonly used scaffolds in otologic surgery, current research highlights and future applications are discussed. //
{"title":"Research Highlight: Biomaterials in Otologic Surgery","authors":"Stefania Goncalves, E. Bas, S. Angeli, J. A. Chiossone-Kerdel","doi":"10.14800/ICS.950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.950","url":null,"abstract":"Scaffolds are routinely used in the middle ear to provide support after tympanic membrane and ossicular chain reconstruction, to provide hemostasis or to promote tissue regeneration. Its permanence within a body cavity will depend upon several factors, such as the scaffold composition and the surgical procedure to be performed. Autologous grafts (i.e. temporalis fascia, cartilage, perichondrium) are considered the gold standard for tympanic membrane repair. Autologous grafts are associated with donor site morbidity, multiple incisions and increased surgical time. Recently, many alternatives to autologous grafts have become available including allografts (Allo Derm™), xenografts and synthetic materials. Scaffolds can also be characterized by their reabsorption rates and host reaction, and these differences can be exploited to serve different purposes during surgery. While some of these materials have been attributed healing enhancement properties, other materials have been associated with adverse effects, mainly aberrant scarring. A descriptive review of the most commonly used scaffolds in otologic surgery, current research highlights and future applications are discussed. //","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78562199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiju Cheng, Fang Wan, Yong Hu, Minxia Wu, Juan Du, M. Cheng
Background: To investigate the therapeutic property for Danshen in the development of COPD using SD rats as animal model. Methods: a total of 30 rats were consecutively exposed in cigarette smoke for three months, and the Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected followed sacrifice. These rats were randomly divided five groups determined by the approaches of treatment (COPD group: smoke+ Sodium Chloride 0.2ml/100g; Control: only exposed to ambient air+ Sodium Chloride 0.2ml/100g; A, B and C groups: smoke+Danshen 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 ml/100g respectively). The level of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, and the total white blood cell (WBC) and percentage of differential WBC were measured. Results: In contrast with the sections from COPD group, lesions in lung were slighter in A, B and C groups. Compared with control group, the levels of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α gradually decreased from COPD, A and B group. However, no differences on IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α were detected between B and C group (all P values was larger than 0.05). Conclusion: Danshen showed a preventive therapeutic potential on lung inflammation
{"title":"Compound injection of Danshen root suppresses cigarettes smoking-induced lung inflammation: a SD rat model","authors":"Yiju Cheng, Fang Wan, Yong Hu, Minxia Wu, Juan Du, M. Cheng","doi":"10.14800/ICS.994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.994","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To investigate the therapeutic property for Danshen in the development of COPD using SD rats as animal model. Methods: a total of 30 rats were consecutively exposed in cigarette smoke for three months, and the Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected followed sacrifice. These rats were randomly divided five groups determined by the approaches of treatment (COPD group: smoke+ Sodium Chloride 0.2ml/100g; Control: only exposed to ambient air+ Sodium Chloride 0.2ml/100g; A, B and C groups: smoke+Danshen 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 ml/100g respectively). The level of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, and the total white blood cell (WBC) and percentage of differential WBC were measured. Results: In contrast with the sections from COPD group, lesions in lung were slighter in A, B and C groups. Compared with control group, the levels of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α gradually decreased from COPD, A and B group. However, no differences on IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α were detected between B and C group (all P values was larger than 0.05). Conclusion: Danshen showed a preventive therapeutic potential on lung inflammation","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90710540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Camara, S. Ramdany, A. Diallo, Y. Tao, Q. Qi, Ende Zhao, O. Balde, A. B. Barry, Sadamoudou Traore, Jingfang Cheng, Zhi-Yong Wang, L. Tao, Heshui Wu, Chun-you Wang
This study describes the relative risk factors, etiology and treatment option of recurrent acute pancreatitis. The data of 71 patients with acute recurrent pancreatitis were retrospectively studied from January 2010 to December 2014. Of 71 patients, 41 were male and 30 were female with a sex ratio of 1.4:1 with a mean age of 49 years. Their age ranged from 14 to 85 years. After reviewing the clinical data, the risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis. The etiology was investigated in each case using specialized laboratory analysis, ERCP, EUS and MRCP. Their pain was labeled severe, moderate and mild by using the Analgesic Ladder by World Health Organization. Subsequent to the investigation reports, therapeutic ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy were performed. Of the 71 patients, 52 cases were biliary pancreatitis, 13 were idiopathic pancreatitis, 3 were alcohol induced pancreatitis and 3 were hyperlipidemia pancreatitis. The univariate analysis showed easy recurrence with obstructive jaundice, hepatic function injury and local complication of pancreas (P=0.016< 0.05 P= 0.003<0.05 and P= 0.024< 0.05 correspondingly). Multivariate analysis showed no single factor related to recurrence. Upon definition of etiology, there were 33 cases of common bile duct stones, 14 cases of pancreatic duct stones, 5 cases of gallbladder stones, 3 cases of pancreas divisum, 2 cases of ampullary tumor, 4 cases of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, 6 cases of chronic pancreatitis, 1 cases of post liver transplant complication and 3 cases of duodenal diverticulum. The 71 patients performed ERCP followed by either endoscopic sphincterotomy in 69 cases or endoscopic resection in 2 cases. The procedure was curative and successfully performed. A complication rate of 2.8% with no mortality was observed. Post-therapy, a decline in pain intensity was observed in 56 cases of the patients. ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy has a curative effect in diverse etiology of acute recurrent pancreatitis.
{"title":"Acute Recurrent Pancreatitis; Relative Risk Factors, Etiology ,Diagnosis Procedure And Treatment In the Pancreatic disease Institute of Wuhan Union Hospital Of China","authors":"S. Camara, S. Ramdany, A. Diallo, Y. Tao, Q. Qi, Ende Zhao, O. Balde, A. B. Barry, Sadamoudou Traore, Jingfang Cheng, Zhi-Yong Wang, L. Tao, Heshui Wu, Chun-you Wang","doi":"10.14800/ICS.931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.931","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes the relative risk factors, etiology and treatment option of recurrent acute pancreatitis. The data of 71 patients with acute recurrent pancreatitis were retrospectively studied from January 2010 to December 2014. Of 71 patients, 41 were male and 30 were female with a sex ratio of 1.4:1 with a mean age of 49 years. Their age ranged from 14 to 85 years. After reviewing the clinical data, the risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis. The etiology was investigated in each case using specialized laboratory analysis, ERCP, EUS and MRCP. Their pain was labeled severe, moderate and mild by using the Analgesic Ladder by World Health Organization. Subsequent to the investigation reports, therapeutic ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy were performed. Of the 71 patients, 52 cases were biliary pancreatitis, 13 were idiopathic pancreatitis, 3 were alcohol induced pancreatitis and 3 were hyperlipidemia pancreatitis. The univariate analysis showed easy recurrence with obstructive jaundice, hepatic function injury and local complication of pancreas (P=0.016< 0.05 P= 0.003<0.05 and P= 0.024< 0.05 correspondingly). Multivariate analysis showed no single factor related to recurrence. Upon definition of etiology, there were 33 cases of common bile duct stones, 14 cases of pancreatic duct stones, 5 cases of gallbladder stones, 3 cases of pancreas divisum, 2 cases of ampullary tumor, 4 cases of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, 6 cases of chronic pancreatitis, 1 cases of post liver transplant complication and 3 cases of duodenal diverticulum. The 71 patients performed ERCP followed by either endoscopic sphincterotomy in 69 cases or endoscopic resection in 2 cases. The procedure was curative and successfully performed. A complication rate of 2.8% with no mortality was observed. Post-therapy, a decline in pain intensity was observed in 56 cases of the patients. ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy has a curative effect in diverse etiology of acute recurrent pancreatitis.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76165544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. L. Sommer, Pesaresi Martina, Cristina Martín‐Granados, M. Delibegović
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is best known for its role in insulin and leptin signalling. Its ability to directly dephosphorylate the insulin receptor (IR) has made it a prime target for the development of anti-diabetic drugs. In recent times the role of PTP1B has been substantially expanded from a simple regulator of insulin signalling to a complex and dynamic regulator of multiple signalling pathways including the Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signalling, thus providing a link between metabolism and inflammation. Here, we review the inflammation associated with obesity and diabetes and the role that PTP1B may play in the development and regulation of this inflammation. We will discuss the role of PTP1B in both the innate and adaptive immune system and how the development of tissue specific knock out models have allowed us to delineate this complex system. Finally, we discuss how this new knowledge may allow us to develop safe and effective treatments for a multitude of conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), autoimmunity, and chronic inflammation.
{"title":"Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in the immune system","authors":"S. L. Sommer, Pesaresi Martina, Cristina Martín‐Granados, M. Delibegović","doi":"10.14800/ICS.965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.965","url":null,"abstract":"Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is best known for its role in insulin and leptin signalling. Its ability to directly dephosphorylate the insulin receptor (IR) has made it a prime target for the development of anti-diabetic drugs. In recent times the role of PTP1B has been substantially expanded from a simple regulator of insulin signalling to a complex and dynamic regulator of multiple signalling pathways including the Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signalling, thus providing a link between metabolism and inflammation. Here, we review the inflammation associated with obesity and diabetes and the role that PTP1B may play in the development and regulation of this inflammation. We will discuss the role of PTP1B in both the innate and adaptive immune system and how the development of tissue specific knock out models have allowed us to delineate this complex system. Finally, we discuss how this new knowledge may allow us to develop safe and effective treatments for a multitude of conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), autoimmunity, and chronic inflammation.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86629035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liver is the central organ to metabolize almost all drugs and foreign substances so drug -induced liver injury is a potential complication of nearly every medication that is prescribed. In this randomized open-label clinical trial we have compared Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) versus Silymarin effectiveness and tolerability in anticonvulsant induced hypertransaminasemia in children. Silymarin is an antioxidant and UDCA is a primary bile salt with hepatoprotective effects. 54 children aged between 4mo-14yr with anticonvulsant induced hypertransaminasemia were randomized based on block randomization in two groups; they were recruited over two year (2012 to 2014) from Valiasr hospital pediatric neurology clinic, a referral and public educational center. Other common causes of hepatitis and anatomic anomalies were excluded before randomization. Any patient with viral, autoimmune or metabolic evidences or transaminases levels under twice the upper normal limits or without parents' consent was excluded from study. None of patients were suffered from functional liver failure. We used UDCA (with commercial name of Ursobil) capsule 250 mg in dose of 10-15 mg/kg/day once a day and silymarin (with commercial name of Livergol) 70 mg tablet in dose of 5 mg/kg/day once a day for one month and followed our patients for another month. 46 patients (25 boys and 21 girls) completed two months trial and follow up. Pre intervention transaminases quantities were similar in both groups. After one month trial transaminases decreased in both groups significantly (P< 0.05) except for γGT in UDCA group. Normalization of transaminases (AST and ALT less than 40 IU/l) was occurred in 3 patients in silymarin group and 5 patients in UDCA group. Comparing between UDCA and silymarin, ALT changes were better in silymarin group (P= 0.017). Both of them were tolerated well and no known side effects of them seen. Keywords: Drug induced hepatitis-Silymarin-Ursodeoxycholic acid
{"title":"Comparison between Ursodeoxycholic acid and Silymarin in Anticonvulsive drugs induced Hypertransaminasemia","authors":"M. Asgarshirazi, M. Shariat, S. Mousavi","doi":"10.14800/ICS.971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.971","url":null,"abstract":"Liver is the central organ to metabolize almost all drugs and foreign substances so drug -induced liver injury is a potential complication of nearly every medication that is prescribed. In this randomized open-label clinical trial we have compared Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) versus Silymarin effectiveness and tolerability in anticonvulsant induced hypertransaminasemia in children. Silymarin is an antioxidant and UDCA is a primary bile salt with hepatoprotective effects. 54 children aged between 4mo-14yr with anticonvulsant induced hypertransaminasemia were randomized based on block randomization in two groups; they were recruited over two year (2012 to 2014) from Valiasr hospital pediatric neurology clinic, a referral and public educational center. Other common causes of hepatitis and anatomic anomalies were excluded before randomization. Any patient with viral, autoimmune or metabolic evidences or transaminases levels under twice the upper normal limits or without parents' consent was excluded from study. None of patients were suffered from functional liver failure. We used UDCA (with commercial name of Ursobil) capsule 250 mg in dose of 10-15 mg/kg/day once a day and silymarin (with commercial name of Livergol) 70 mg tablet in dose of 5 mg/kg/day once a day for one month and followed our patients for another month. 46 patients (25 boys and 21 girls) completed two months trial and follow up. Pre intervention transaminases quantities were similar in both groups. After one month trial transaminases decreased in both groups significantly (P< 0.05) except for γGT in UDCA group. Normalization of transaminases (AST and ALT less than 40 IU/l) was occurred in 3 patients in silymarin group and 5 patients in UDCA group. Comparing between UDCA and silymarin, ALT changes were better in silymarin group (P= 0.017). Both of them were tolerated well and no known side effects of them seen. Keywords: Drug induced hepatitis-Silymarin-Ursodeoxycholic acid","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74668027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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