International journal of dental hygiene最新文献

Objectives: To investigate oral problems experienced by patients with eating disorder (ED).

Methods: A cross-sectional study where ED patients (n = 48) at two Swedish specialised clinics filled out a questionnaire about perceived oral health problems and habits, and specific behaviours related to ED.

Results: The majority exhibited poor eating and drinking habits, f.i. drinking light drinks (63%), and most of them were on medication (71%). The most common problems were hypersensitive teeth (three out of five) and perceived dryness of the mouth (almost four out of five). Likewise, pain in the teeth (38%) and the jaws (46%) was frequent. About one-third had been binge eating and/or vomiting in recent weeks and these behaviours were associated with pain in the teeth and snacking. Almost two out of three participants were concerned about informing their dentist or dental hygienist about their vomiting.

Conclusions: The ED patients in this study experienced oral problems and exhibited many risk behaviours regarding oral health. Both dental staff and ED staff who meet ED patients should be aware of the risk of oral health problems and preventive measures should be taken.

Aim: To investigate Dental Hygienists' (DHs) and Dental Therapists' (DTs) current undergraduate and postgraduate education with regard to the treatment of head and neck cancer (HANC) in Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) departments in the United Kingdom.

Methods: A purposive sample of DHs and DTs, who were employed, or had been previously employed, in OMFS departments in the United Kingdom were asked to complete an online questionnaire about their education in the care and management of patients with HANC. The questionnaire was sent to members of the British Society of Dental Hygiene and Therapy (BSDHT), and the British Association of Dental Therapy (BADT) and was also posted via online forums.

Results: The questionnaire received 55 responses (response rate 83%): 54 female respondents and 1 male. Thirty-one (56%) respondents had not undertaken any HANC training. However, on starting work in an OMFS department, nine (16%) respondents reported being provided with HANC training.

Conclusion: The results suggest that the UK review and standardise the provision of HANC training in the DH and DT educational curricula. Furthermore, it is recommended that the DH and DT curricula, at both undergraduate and postgraduate level, should include psychology training.

Objectives: To consider teamworking in dentistry, focusing especially on the role of dental hygienists (DHs) and dental therapists (DTs) as part of the dental team.

Methods: A narrative review of studies that have investigated teamworking in periodontology and dentistry in general together with consideration of examples of relevant regulatory and governmental policy documents.

Results: The inclusion of DHs and DTs as key members of the dental team yields significant patient benefits in terms of access to care (particularly among under-served populations), efficient and effective treatment and improved healthcare outcomes for patients. However, barriers can exist to full implementation of effective working in dental teams, including both systemic and regulatory barriers, as well as attitudinal barriers. Furthermore, DHs and DTs are not always working to their full scope of practice, thereby limiting the care that these team members can provide. Mutual respect between dental team members, high-quality communication and a common ethos and shared clinical standards are all essential for effective teamworking. DHs and DTs have a clear role to play in achieving sustainable improvements in oral and dental health for patient populations globally.

Conclusion: Full and effective integration of DHs and DTs into healthcare teams will benefit not only the dental team, but also healthcare systems and patient populations, via more effective teamworking, improved access to care and enhanced treatment outcomes.

Objectives: We aimed to develop a predictive model for chewing difficulty using the EuroQol-5 dimension measure (EQ-5D).

Methods: We included 6643 individuals aged ≥ 65 years (mean age: 72.6 ± 4.96 years; women: 3761 [56.6%]) who had completed the sixth (2013-2015) and seventh (2016-2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The participants were further divided into young-old (65-74 years) and old-old (≥ 75 years) adults. Data from the sixth KNHANES were used to establish an internal validation model (overall, young-old and old-old adult populations were 3472, 2271 and 1201, respectively). Data from the seventh KNHANES were used to establish an external validation model (overall, young-old and old-old adult populations were 3171, 1879 and 1292 participants, respectively). We evaluated chewing difficulty using the EQ-5D (Model 1) and comparative models, subjective oral health status indicators (SOHSI) and objective oral health status indicators (OOHSI).

Results: Compared with SOHSI and OOHSI, EQ-5D showed similar predictive utility for chewing difficulty in both the internal and external validation models.

Conclusions: Effect sizes, quantified using Cohen's d, indicated that EQ-5D parameters had a moderate impact on the prediction accuracy for chewing difficulties.

Aim: This in vitro study compared the effect of two commercially available silver diamine fluoride (SDF) products on dentinal tubule (DT) occlusion and dentin permeability.

Methods: Sixty-six dentin discs (1.0 mm thick) were divided equally into six groups: acid-etched with no treatment (negative control-NC), etched and sealed with nail varnish (positive control-PC), non-etched and treated with Advantage Arrest (AA), non-etched and treated with Topamine (TP), etched and treated with AA, and etched and treated with TP. Eight specimens from each group were tested for permeability using the dye percolation method. The remaining three samples from each group were assessed for dentinal tubule occlusion, depth of SDF penetration, and elemental analysis using a scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) system. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were used to analyze the results.

Results: TP exhibited lower (p < 0.05) dye percolation compared to AA. While both SDF materials showed a statistically similar (p > 0.05) penetration depth in the DT, none of them had the ability to completely occlude all the DTs. AA exhibited more silver and fluoride ion deposition on etched dentin than TP, and both materials showed a similar increase in the deposition of Ca and P compared to NC.

Conclusions: Whereas the effectiveness of dentin tubule (DT) occlusion varies based on the material used, both tested SDF products exhibit the capability to seal dentinal tubules, decrease dentin permeability, and promote dentin remineralization. These findings suggest their potential advantage in managing dentin hypersensitivity.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of chewing sugarless gum (SG) after water-rinsing in removing retained Oreo chocolate cookies (CC) from occlusal surfaces of teeth with and without fissure-sealant (FS).

Methods: A prospective study was performed on healthy children receiving prophylaxis at the paediatric-dentistry department. Immediately afterward, they chewed two CC. The occlusal surfaces of their posterior teeth were photographed 3 times: after 10 min, after 1 min of water-rinsing and after 4 min of chewing SG. An independent dentist screened all photos for the presence (partial or complete) or the absence of retained CC.

Results: Participants included 28 children 7-14-year-old, with 100 primary and 214 permanent molars, of which, 150 teeth had FS. After chewing two CC, 290 (92.4%) teeth had retained CC. Water-swishing removed all, partial or none of the CC in 23%, 72.4% and 4.6% of the teeth, respectively. The effectiveness of chewing SG in completely removing retained CC was significantly higher than water-rinsing (p < 0.001), OR = 43.83, Cramer's V value = 0.871, suggesting a very strong correlation. The presence of FS raised the probability of completely removing retained CC after SG or water-rinsing (p < 0.001, OR = 107.7 and 25.9), with Cramer's V = 0.66 and 0.57, respectively, means a very strong association, as compared to teeth without (For both p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Chewing gum for 4 min was significantly more effective than water-rinsing for 1 min in removing retained CC. Moreover, FS considerably decreased the probability of retained CC on occlusal surfaces and increased the effectiveness of SG in removing it.

Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy performed by senior dental students.

Methods: Electronic records of patients treated by senior dental students at the comprehensive care clinic in King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Patients diagnosed with gingivitis or periodontitis who had undergone at least one session of scaling and root planing were included in this study. The following periodontal parameters were assessed: BOP, PI, PD and number of residual pockets.

Results: A total of 618 patients were included in this study (60.2% females and 39.8% males). BOP reduced from a median of 40% (IQR: 26.0%-62.0%) at baseline to 13% (IQR: 9.0%-20.3%) at re-evaluation in the gingivitis group (p < 0.0005). Similarly, a significant reduction in BOP, from 45% (IQR: 28.0%-64.3%) at baseline to 14% (IQR: 9.0%-21.5%) after phase I therapy, was observed in the periodontitis group (p > 0.001). In both groups, 31%-32% of patients had BOP < 10 at re-evaluation. PD of ≥ 5 mm was observed in 50.8% of patients with periodontitis at baseline; however, 38% of these patients had no residual pockets at re-evaluation.

Conclusion: NSPT performed by senior dental students was effective in improving the periodontal status of the patients. Both gingivitis and periodontitis patients showed significant improvement in BOP and PI. Approximately, 32% of patients showed a reduction in BOP suggestive of a bleeding score associated with periodontal health. Moreover, patients diagnosed with periodontitis exhibited a significant reduction in the number of sites with deep probing (≥ 5).

Objective: To determine how differences in abrasiveness (RDA) influence cleaning capabilities of toothpastes.

Methods: For this in vitro trial, 60 bovine dentin samples were prepared and divided into six groups (G1-G6; n = 10). Groups G1-G5 were arranged in order from low to high toothpaste abrasiveness (G1: RDA: 12, G2: RDA: 29, G3: RDA: 43, G4: RDA: 71, and G5: RDA: 143). Samples in group G6 were used as a negative control and later brushed with pure artificial saliva. In preparation for testing, the dentin samples were stained with a black tea mixture. The respective toothpastes were mixed with artificial saliva in a 1:2 ratio to produce a toothpaste slurry. The samples were brushed for a total of 25 min (with measurement intervals at 2-, 5-, 10-, and 25-min) using a manual toothbrush in an automated brushing machine. The cleaning efficacy of the toothpastes was determined using photographs connected to a planimeter computer program and statistically evaluated.

Results: Analysis of the median cleaning efficacy values showed that the toothpastes with a higher abrasiveness achieved a greater cleaning effect at each time point. All toothpastes showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in their cleaning efficacy (taking into account the median, interquartile range (IQR), minimum and maximum values) after 25 min of brushing.

Conclusions: With increasing RDA value, the cleaning efficiency of the toothpastes tested rises. However, a doubling of the RDA value does not necessarily elicit a twofold increase in cleaning effect.

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of using a faecal occult blood test (FOBT) kit as a screening tool for periodontal disease. Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate the test's sensitivity and specificity while exploring the influence of factors like age, sex and the number of teeth on its performance.

Methods: A prospective observational case-control study involving 150 participants divided into three groups on the basis of the basic periodontal examination index: healthy (n = 21), gingivitis (n = 52) and periodontitis (n = 77). Salivary occult blood tests were conducted using the Onsite FOB-Hi Rapid Test. Descriptive and analytical statistical analyses were performed using Fisher's exact test and chi-square tests.

Results: The FOBT kit demonstrated a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 100%. The number of teeth significantly influenced test results (p value = 0.021, chi-square). Age (p value = 0.09, chi-square) and sex (p value = 0.213, chi-square) did not significantly impact the test's performance.

Conclusion: The FOBT kit demonstrates high sensitivity (91.3%) and specificity (100%) as a screening tool for periodontal disease. Its affordability and global availability make it suitable for detecting periodontal disease across different age groups, sexes and numbers of teeth.

Background: Dentists are at greater risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) which can be caused by repetitive movements, improper posture and long working hours. If ergonomic principles are applied in the field of dentistry, they help to prevent occupational ergonomic health hazards and provides more comfort to the dentist and patient.

Objective: To obtain information regarding dental ergonomics practice of dentists in Indonesia and its related factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a purposive sampling method via Google Form to 231 dentists in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia from November to December 2022. The questionnaire consisted of 34 items divided into five sections; socio-demographic, job characteristics, knowledge of dental ergonomics, attitude towards dental ergonomics and the practice of dentists regarding dental ergonomics. Bivariate analysis was conducted using Pearson Chi-square Test.

Result: 76.2% dentists have poor dental ergonomics practice. There is a significant relationship (p-value < 0.05) between the practice of dental ergonomics and age group, years of practical experience and level of knowledge.

Conclusion: Most Indonesian dentists (76.2%) still lack of dental ergonomics practice. Age, duration of work experience and ergonomic dental practice knowledge are significantly correlated.