International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health最新文献

Objectives: The aim of this study was to record parents' knowledge and attitudes towards bullying experienced by their children and to explore the strategies they choose to manage bullying incidents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The study population consisted of parents of children who have experienced bullying in a primary or secondary school classroom. The "Parents' Strategies to Cope with Bullying" questionnaire was used to collect data. Regarding parents' coping with bullying, the strategy "Support and advice to the child" scored the highest and the strategy "Social support and information" the next highest.

Results: Of the parents, 44.3 % had received some information/education regarding the phenomenon of bullying with the most important source of information being reading. According to the results of multivariate linear regression, mothers more often applied the strategy "social support and information" (Coefficient b=0.9, 95 % CI for b=0.7 to 1.1, p<0.001) and parents with lower educational level more often applied the strategy "avoidance" (Coefficient b=-0.5, 95 % CI for b=-0.8 to -0.2, p=0.004).

Conclusions: School bullying remains a major worldwide phenomenon over time. Although parents choose to support their children, they do not receive information and training on how to manage bullying from a formal institution, making the need for such programs imperative.

Objectives: A negative attitude towards obesity may lead to stigma and thus lower self-esteem in people with obesity of any society. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of a school-based randomized controlled field trial on female adolescents' attitudes and beliefs towards people with obesity.

Methods: This experimental study was conducted among 124 middle school students (control group=62, intervention group=62). Using a cluster random sampling method, four schools were chosen and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The data collection tool was the Attitudes Toward Obese Persons (ATOP) and Beliefs About Obese Persons (BAOP) scales, which were used after validity and reliability processes. The intervention program was developed and implemented following pretest, responses analysis, and educational needs assessment in two sessions (180 min). The follow-ups were performed immediately and two months after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16.0 using independent t-test, chi-square test, repeated measures ANOVA, and ANCOVA at the significance level of 0.05.

Results: The mean BAOP scores of each group before, immediately and two months after the intervention were significantly different between (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the mean ATOP and BAOP scores of the two groups before, immediately, and two months after the intervention (p>0.001).

Conclusions: It seems that beliefs and attitudes regarding obesity as well as discriminatory perceptions towards people with obesity have high firmness and resistance and require innovative and appropriate interventions.

Objectives: Medical profession, a competitive and ever-updating field which requires great commitment, imposes a stressful environment for students. Our study aimed to find the prevalence and factors associated with psychological illness.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was done among medical students in Puducherry. A stratified random sampling strategy was incorporated to achieve a calculated sample size of 384. The presence of anxiety and depression, perceived stress and addiction to the phone were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Smartphone Addiction Scale - short version. Prevalence of anxiety and depression was summarized as a proportion with a 95 % confidence interval (CI). The prevalence ratio (PR) for the factors associated was estimated using log-binomial regression.

Results: With the response from 383 students, the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 39.4 % (95 %CI: 34.5-44.3 %) and 26.6 % (22.2-31.1 %). Perceived stress was moderate in 68.2 % and high in 14 % of students. Higher age (aPR=1.49), female gender (aPR=1.22), tobacco or alcohol use (aPR=1.24), smartphone addiction (aPR=2.09) and high stress (aPR=1.93) were the predictors of anxiety among medical students in our study. Use of tobacco or alcohol (aPR=2.07), smartphone addiction (aPR=1.96) and high stress (aPR=1.72) were the predictors of depression.

Conclusions: Anxiety was more prevalent than depression among the medical students. Use of tobacco or alcohol, smartphone addiction and stress increase the risk of psychological morbidity. Medical training should have a module on coping mechanisms to overcome psychological illness and have better mental well-being.

Objectives: College students are often still relatively young, making their mental health more likely to be overlooked. A healthy lifestyle is considered the key to preventing and controlling mental health problems nowadays. This study aimed to investigate whether health-promoting lifestyle approaches manage mental health among adolescent/young college students.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 187 adolescent/young college students at Babol Medical Science University, Babol, Iran. Characteristic demographics, health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP), and general health questionnaire-28(GHQ-28) were filled out by students. The data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and simple and multiple linear regressions.

Results: The majority of participants were adolescents (66.8%), single (97.9%), and bachelor's students (70.1%). The mean of the HPLP and GHQ scores was 125.09±18.12, and 33.58±10.50, respectively. HPLP was a negative significant predictor of mental health (β = -.261, P= .0001). There was a negative significant association between HPLP dimensions (except physical activity) and mental health. After adjusting for other variables, there was a significant relationship between HPLP with mother occupation (β =.186, P=.038), and mother education (β = -.219, P= .034). Furthermore, gender (β = .175, P= .031), and occupation (β =-.157, P= .040) were predictors of GHQ in adolescent/young college students.

Conclusions: Regarding the health-promoting lifestyle situation among students and its relation with the better mental health, the design and implementation of HPLP education programs is recommended.

Objectives: To assess the impact of health educational intervention on perceptions of menstrual cup usage among female students enrolled in a degree college in Bangalore district.

Methods: An interventional study was conducted among female students studying in a degree college in peri-urban Bangalore. Universal sampling was followed and a prior face validated questionnaire was administered to the students after to assess their perceptions, followed by a health education intervention. The subjects were followed up after a period of one month, to assess the impact of health education in changing their perception towards menstrual cups.

Results: Among 83 study participants with mean age 19.5±0.95 years, post intervention we found a 42 % increase in the total awareness score and a 35 % increase in total attitude score towards menstrual cup use. There was an increase by 36.1 % (p<0.001) among participants who considered menstrual cup better than sanitary napkins. A reduction by 27.7 % (p=0.024) of reported fear of pain and discomfort while using menstrual cup was noted.

Conclusions: There was a significant improvement in the overall awareness about how to use a menstrual cup, advantages, and attitude towards the usage of menstrual cups following the health educational intervention. Health education was found to have a positive impact on perceptions of menstrual cup.

Objectives: According to World Health Organization (WHO),Unhealthy Diet (UD)is a major risk factor for chronic diseases. That's why it is important to study the UD and its associated factors. Our study aimed to describe the dietary behavior of young high school students and determine associated factors of UD.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among students of seven high schools in center-eastern Tunisia during the academic year 2021/2022. Data collection was carried out in April2022 by questionnaires. The questions concerned the socio-demographic characteristics, food habits and physical activity. WHO defined UD as the consumption of less than five fruits and vegetables per day. Data analysis was done using SPSS software.

Results: A total of 740 adolescents were included. The mean age was17±1.16 years with extremes ranging from 14to19 years. Sex-ratio was 0.66. UD was found among 91.6 % of the study population. At multivariate analysis, eating cake (aOR=4.062; CI [1.685-9.795]; p=0.002),eating fried-food (aOR=3.239; CI [1.118-9.385]; p=0.03)and consuming sweets (aOR=3.263; CI [1.666-6.394]; p=0.001)were independent risk factors of UD. In the other hand, regular physical activity (aOR=0.524; CI [0.294-0.936]; p=0.029)and having breakfast regularly (aOR=0.523; CI [0.297-0.923]; p=0.025)were independent protective factors of UD.

Conclusions: The findings of this study showed an alarming prevalence of UD. Therefore, it is mandatory to establish effective strategies to support healthy diets and physical activity among adolescents in order to reduce non-communicable diseases related to UD.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the minimum entrustable professional activity (EPA) supervision levels at which pediatric fellowship program directors (FPDs) would be willing to graduate fellows and the levels deemed necessary for safe and effective practice for each of the common pediatric subspecialty and the four adolescent medicine-specific EPAs.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized survey data from pediatric FPDs in 2017. FPDs indicated the minimum level of supervision (LOS) for fellows at graduation and for safe and effective practice.

Results: 82 percent (23/28) of adolescent medicine FPDs completed the survey. For each EPA, there were differences (p<0.05) between LOS expected for graduation and for safe and effective practice. There was also variability in the level at which FPDs would graduate fellows.

Conclusions: This study summarizes pediatric FPD opinions regarding the minimum levels of supervision required for fellows at the time of graduation as well as the levels deemed necessary for safe and effective practice. The difference between the minimum LOS at which FPDs would graduate a fellow and that deemed appropriate for safe and effective practice, along with variability in minimum LOS for graduation, highlight the need for clearer standards for fellowship graduation as well as more structured early career support for ongoing learning. These data highlight variability in FPD opinion regarding such expectations and both the need to better define desired training outcomes and potential need for post-graduation supervision in clinical practice.