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Proceedings of the 26th Euromicro Conference. EUROMICRO 2000. Informatics: Inventing the Future最新文献

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A universal framework for managing metadata in the distributed Dragon Slayer system 在分布式屠龙者系统中管理元数据的通用框架
H. Wedde, J. Siepmann
In the multimedia field, metadata are becoming increasingly important for efficiently cataloguing the abundant flood of information. (Metadata are data on information structures.) The number of electronic data files made accessible by metadata increases rapidly, however at the present retrieving textual, audio, video and/or mixed data files through metadata is definitely restricted. In particular, there is only a limited number of metadata formats at hand. Nevertheless, within the framework of testbeds, some efforts have been made not only to develop retrieval systems adjusted to the respective field of application, but also to unite several metadata formats into one system in order to obtain better search results. This paper describes specifications for developing an attribute service which, as part of the "Dragon Slayer" distributed file system, is intended to offer a uniform platform for different metadata formats, and to offer efficient information metadata retrieval. Via the interface provided by the Dragon Slayer file system, the user can assign metadata to files and reference them via these metadata. For each metadata format used, an external meta module is incorporated into the file system which, depending on its format, manages and searches for metadata in a database, according to their format.
在多媒体领域,元数据对海量信息的有效编目变得越来越重要。(元数据是关于信息结构的数据。)元数据可访问的电子数据文件数量迅速增加,但目前通过元数据检索文本、音频、视频和/或混合数据文件显然受到限制。特别是,手头只有有限的元数据格式。然而,在测试平台的框架内,人们不仅努力开发适应各自应用领域的检索系统,而且还努力将几种元数据格式统一到一个系统中,以获得更好的搜索结果。本文描述了开发属性服务的规范,该服务作为“屠龙者”分布式文件系统的一部分,旨在为不同的元数据格式提供统一的平台,并提供高效的信息元数据检索。通过Dragon Slayer文件系统提供的接口,用户可以为文件分配元数据,并通过这些元数据引用文件。对于所使用的每种元数据格式,都将一个外部元模块合并到文件系统中,该文件系统根据其格式管理和搜索数据库中的元数据。
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引用次数: 3
Constant coefficient multiplication in FPGA structures FPGA结构中的常系数乘法
K. Wiatr, E. Jamro
Investigates different architectures implementing bit-parallel constant-coefficient multiplication in FPGA structures. First, multiplierless multiplication (MM) architectures employing canonic sign digit (CSD) and sub-structure sharing methods are addressed, and a novel algorithm for the conversion from two's-complement to CSD representation is presented. In the second part of this paper, lookup table-based multiplication (LM) is investigated. Correspondingly, the usage of different memory modules and finding the optimal combination of the memory and adders are considered. The LM architecture also considers reduction of the address width for each memory cell and the possibility of memory sub-structure sharing. Finally, implementation results for the Xilinx XC4000 and Virtex families are presented. As a result, MM generally surpasses the LM architecture. However, the actual choice between these two architectures is coefficient- and input parameter-dependent.
研究在FPGA结构中实现位并行常系数乘法的不同架构。首先,研究了采用正则符号数(CSD)和子结构共享方法的无乘数乘法(MM)体系结构,并提出了一种从二补表示到CSD表示的新算法。本文的第二部分研究了基于查找表的乘法(LM)。相应的,考虑了不同存储模块的使用以及寻找存储器和加法器的最佳组合。LM架构还考虑了减少每个存储单元的地址宽度和内存子结构共享的可能性。最后给出了Xilinx XC4000和Virtex系列的实现结果。因此,MM通常优于LM体系结构。然而,这两种体系结构之间的实际选择取决于系数和输入参数。
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引用次数: 48
Digital teaching, learning and program supports: an examination of developments for students in higher education 数字化教学、学习和项目支持:高等教育学生发展的考察
B. McClelland
While there has been a great deal of activity in the exploration of learning situations, especially with the development of computer aided learning, the introduction of holistic views of learning situations can be useful. In particular, one current approach is that of supported Web based learning systems to complement traditional teaching. This paper focuses on recent work at LBS on one undergraduate module, which with one other has served to provide a rationale for a Web-based teaching, learning and support environment for academic staff and students. The approach has enabled us to explore module/programme support development possibilities on the Web from academic, quality and commercial perspectives as well as the cybernetic and evolutionary nature of learning. It has also enabled us to explore student attitudes and perceptions to the technology, the learning strategies adopted by students, and relate it to student learning styles and approaches to study. The emphases in studying this system are appropriateness in terms of pedagogy, quality of content and presentation, technology fit. There is appeal to students, flexibility as a delivery platform, cost benefits and external commercial possibilities. The development process for academics has been mapped and cost benefits of the Web site recorded, in order to develop the strategy of a Web supported teaching and learning environment, coupled with a suitable support mechanism, for staff and students at Liverpool Business School.
虽然在学习情境的探索方面已经有了大量的活动,特别是随着计算机辅助学习的发展,引入学习情境的整体观点可能是有用的。特别是,当前的一种方法是支持基于Web的学习系统来补充传统教学。本文重点介绍了伦敦商学院最近在一个本科模块上的工作,该模块与其他模块一起为学术人员和学生提供了基于网络的教学、学习和支持环境的基本原理。这种方法使我们能够从学术、质量和商业角度,以及学习的控制论和进化本质,探索网络上模块/程序支持开发的可能性。它还使我们能够探索学生对技术的态度和看法,学生采用的学习策略,并将其与学生的学习风格和学习方法联系起来。研究该系统的重点是教学方法的适宜性、内容质量和表现形式的适宜性、技术的适宜性。它对学生有吸引力,作为交付平台的灵活性,成本效益和外部商业可能性。为了为利物浦商学院的教职员工和学生制定一个网络支持的教学和学习环境战略,以及一个合适的支持机制,学术界的发展过程已经被绘制出来,并记录了网站的成本效益。
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引用次数: 3
Deriving the optimal structure of N-version software under resource requirements and cost/timing constraints 在资源需求和成本/时间约束下,推导出n版本软件的最优结构
I. Kovalev, K. Großpietsch
The paper presents an approach to systematically derive the optimal structure of fault-tolerant software for safety-critical control processes, with respect to resource requirements and cost- and timing constraints. For the modelling of the control process, a graph model description is used; basic static distributed scheduling and allocation decisions for the tasks are performed and task computation times are defined. Adaptive optimization techniques are used to derive the optimal solution for the given requirements. The application of the method in practice is illustrated by the example of a software system for spacecraft control.
本文提出了一种基于资源需求、成本和时间约束,系统地推导出安全关键控制过程容错软件的最优结构的方法。对于控制过程的建模,采用图模型描述;执行任务的基本静态分布式调度和分配决策,并定义任务计算时间。采用自适应优化技术推导给定需求的最优解。以航天器控制软件系统为例,说明了该方法在实际中的应用。
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引用次数: 11
Using cost of software quality for a process improvement initiative 将软件质量成本用于过程改进计划
Onur Demirörs, Özkan Yildiz, A. S. Güceglioglu
Process improvement in the manufacturing sector traditionally starts with calculation of: cost of quality. The cost of quality calculation enables identification of the weakest links of the process that requires immediate attention, prioritization of improvement tasks and establishment of a baseline for these tasks. In the software field, process improvement initiatives usually leave out the cost of quality calculations. The authors report on a case study concerning the utilization of cost of software quality as an initiator for software process improvement in a public software development organization.
传统上,制造业的工艺改进始于质量成本的计算。质量成本计算能够识别需要立即注意的过程中最薄弱的环节,确定改进任务的优先次序,并为这些任务建立基线。在软件领域,过程改进计划通常忽略了质量计算的成本。作者报告了一个案例研究,关于在一个公共软件开发组织中利用软件质量成本作为软件过程改进的发起者。
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引用次数: 13
A technology mapping algorithm for PAL-based devices using multi-output function graphs 基于pal的多输出函数图的技术映射算法
D. Kania
The objective of the technology mapping method presented in this paper is to cover a multiple-output function by a minimal number of PAL (programmable array logic) based logic blocks included in CPLDs (complex programmable logic devices). According to this method, product terms included in a logic block can be shared by several functions. The developed algorithms, implemented within the PALDec system, have been used for partitioning the benchmark circuits due to implementation by means of the PAL-based logic blocks with the restricted number of terms. The results are compared to the classical technology mapping method and synthesis of benchmarks executed by means of MACHXL and MAX+PLUS II software.
本文提出的技术映射方法的目标是通过包含在cpld(复杂可编程逻辑器件)中的基于PAL(可编程阵列逻辑)的逻辑块的最小数量来覆盖多输出功能。根据这种方法,包含在一个逻辑块中的产品项可以被多个函数共享。所开发的算法在PALDec系统内实现,由于采用基于pal的逻辑块实现,具有有限的项数,因此已用于划分基准电路。将结果与传统的技术映射方法和利用MACHXL和MAX+PLUS II软件执行的基准综合进行了比较。
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引用次数: 18
Partitioning and placement for multi-FPGA systems using genetic algorithms 使用遗传算法的多fpga系统的划分和放置
J. Hidalgo, J. Lanchares, R. Hermida
One of the most important and difficult tasks in multi-FPGA systems design is partitioning. The main problems are related to the I/O pins and logic capacity of FPGAs. The number of pins available is a critical problem, because FPGA devices have such a reduced number of them compared with their logic capacity. In addition we must reserve some of the pins to interconnect parts of the circuit placed on non-adjacent FPGAs. Most of the previous works have been adapted from other VLSI areas, and hence, they disregard the specific features of these kind of circuit. A new method for solving the partitioning and placement problem in multi-FPGA systems is presented. We use graph theory to describe the circuit, then a classical genetic algorithm (GA) is applied with a problem-specific encoding. The algorithm preserves the original structure of the circuit and by means of a fuzzy technique it evaluates the I/O-pins consumption due to direct and indirect connections between FPGAs. We have used the Partitioning93 benchmarks described with the Xilinx Netlist Format (XNF). The results obtained show how genetic algorithms are capable of accomplishing successfully the partitioning and placement tasks while respecting the board constraints.
在多fpga系统设计中,最重要也是最困难的任务之一就是分区。主要问题与fpga的I/O引脚和逻辑容量有关。可用引脚的数量是一个关键问题,因为FPGA设备的引脚数量与其逻辑容量相比是如此之少。此外,我们必须保留一些引脚来连接放置在非相邻fpga上的电路部分。以前的大部分工作都是改编自其他VLSI领域,因此,他们忽视了这类电路的具体特征。提出了一种解决多fpga系统中划分与放置问题的新方法。首先利用图论对电路进行描述,然后采用经典的遗传算法对问题进行编码。该算法保留了电路的原始结构,并通过模糊技术评估fpga之间直接和间接连接导致的I/ o引脚消耗。我们使用了Xilinx Netlist Format (XNF)描述的Partitioning93基准测试。结果表明,遗传算法能够成功地完成分区和放置任务,同时尊重板的约束。
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引用次数: 15
Design reuse by modularity: a scalable dynamical (re)configurable multiprocessor system 模块化设计重用:一个可伸缩的动态(可重构)多处理器系统
R. Drechsler, Nicole Drechsler, E. Mackensen, Tobias Schubert, B. Becker
We present a scalable, low cost multiprocessor system, which is used in the area of measurement, regulation, controlling and soft computing. The system is an example of extremely modular hardware/software design. Modular in this context means that we can easily change or optimize individually the components in the system for a given problem. One of the most important aspects of our multiprocessor system is the fact that the user can dynamically change the communication topology by software 'on-the-fly'. Thus, the hardware can be (re)configured during operation in less than 1 ms. By this, the CPUs in the multiprocessor system can communicate directly without any invention of another processor preventing the typical bottleneck in parallel systems. First applications have been implemented in an embedded controller for a vote counting machine, with emphasis on high data security and high throughput.
我们提出了一种可扩展的、低成本的多处理器系统,用于测量、调节、控制和软计算领域。该系统是一个极端模块化硬件/软件设计的例子。在这种情况下,模块化意味着我们可以轻松地针对给定问题单独更改或优化系统中的组件。我们的多处理器系统最重要的一个方面是,用户可以通过软件动态地改变通信拓扑结构。因此,硬件可以在不到1毫秒的时间内在操作期间进行(重新)配置。通过这种方式,多处理器系统中的cpu可以直接通信,而无需另一个处理器的发明,从而避免了并行系统中的典型瓶颈。第一个应用程序已经实现在一个嵌入式控制器的计票机,重点是高数据安全性和高吞吐量。
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引用次数: 4
Performance oriented partitioning for time-multiplexed FPGA's 面向性能的时复用FPGA分区
P. Andersson, K. Kuchcinski
Time-multiplexing is a promising method to reduce the cost of FPGA based systems. It means execution of logic in consecutive steps with reconfiguration taking place between these steps. The use of time-multiplexing makes it possible to reduce the size of FPGAs but requires a new step in the design flow. The circuit has to be divided into sequential steps, partitions. In this paper we present an algorithm which partitions sequential circuits for time-multiplexing. The algorithm is based on list scheduling. Our experiments show that the algorithm is fast. It is able to partition a design with 4000 nodes in less than 4 seconds. The generated partitions have small size overhead, up to 3.2%, while no time overhead is allowed, besides the necessary reconfiguration time.
时间复用是一种很有前途的降低FPGA系统成本的方法。它意味着在连续的步骤中执行逻辑,并在这些步骤之间进行重新配置。时间复用的使用可以减小fpga的尺寸,但需要在设计流程中迈出新的一步。电路必须被分成连续的步骤,分区。本文提出了一种时序电路的分频算法。该算法基于列表调度。实验结果表明,该算法运行速度快。它能够在不到4秒的时间内对具有4000个节点的设计进行分区。生成的分区具有较小的大小开销(最多3.2%),除了必要的重新配置时间外,不允许有时间开销。
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引用次数: 4
Behavioral specification of a circuit using SyncCharts: a case study 使用同步图的电路行为规范:一个案例研究
C. André, Marie-Agnès Peraldi-Frati
The authors propose a high-level description of the behavior of digital systems. Behaviors are specified with a graphical synchronous model: "SyncCharts". SyncCharts supports hierarchical descriptions, concurrency and preemption. It is fully compatible with the programming environment of the Esterel synchronous language and can generate output formats understandable by synthesis tools. Thanks to the mathematical semantics of the model, the correctness of the design can be formally established. Taking the example of a non-trivial binary encoder/decoder, we show how our approach makes the design easier, without loss of rigour or efficiency.
作者提出了数字系统行为的高级描述。行为是通过一个图形同步模型“SyncCharts”来指定的。SyncCharts支持分层描述、并发和抢占。它与Esterel同步语言的编程环境完全兼容,并能生成合成工具可理解的输出格式。由于模型的数学语义,可以正式确定设计的正确性。以一个重要的二进制编码器/解码器为例,我们展示了我们的方法如何使设计更容易,而不会损失严谨性或效率。
{"title":"Behavioral specification of a circuit using SyncCharts: a case study","authors":"C. André, Marie-Agnès Peraldi-Frati","doi":"10.1109/EURMIC.2000.874620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURMIC.2000.874620","url":null,"abstract":"The authors propose a high-level description of the behavior of digital systems. Behaviors are specified with a graphical synchronous model: \"SyncCharts\". SyncCharts supports hierarchical descriptions, concurrency and preemption. It is fully compatible with the programming environment of the Esterel synchronous language and can generate output formats understandable by synthesis tools. Thanks to the mathematical semantics of the model, the correctness of the design can be formally established. Taking the example of a non-trivial binary encoder/decoder, we show how our approach makes the design easier, without loss of rigour or efficiency.","PeriodicalId":138250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 26th Euromicro Conference. EUROMICRO 2000. Informatics: Inventing the Future","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129234684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
期刊
Proceedings of the 26th Euromicro Conference. EUROMICRO 2000. Informatics: Inventing the Future
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