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Proceedings of the 26th Euromicro Conference. EUROMICRO 2000. Informatics: Inventing the Future最新文献

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A universal framework for managing metadata in the distributed Dragon Slayer system 在分布式屠龙者系统中管理元数据的通用框架
H. Wedde, J. Siepmann
In the multimedia field, metadata are becoming increasingly important for efficiently cataloguing the abundant flood of information. (Metadata are data on information structures.) The number of electronic data files made accessible by metadata increases rapidly, however at the present retrieving textual, audio, video and/or mixed data files through metadata is definitely restricted. In particular, there is only a limited number of metadata formats at hand. Nevertheless, within the framework of testbeds, some efforts have been made not only to develop retrieval systems adjusted to the respective field of application, but also to unite several metadata formats into one system in order to obtain better search results. This paper describes specifications for developing an attribute service which, as part of the "Dragon Slayer" distributed file system, is intended to offer a uniform platform for different metadata formats, and to offer efficient information metadata retrieval. Via the interface provided by the Dragon Slayer file system, the user can assign metadata to files and reference them via these metadata. For each metadata format used, an external meta module is incorporated into the file system which, depending on its format, manages and searches for metadata in a database, according to their format.
在多媒体领域,元数据对海量信息的有效编目变得越来越重要。(元数据是关于信息结构的数据。)元数据可访问的电子数据文件数量迅速增加,但目前通过元数据检索文本、音频、视频和/或混合数据文件显然受到限制。特别是,手头只有有限的元数据格式。然而,在测试平台的框架内,人们不仅努力开发适应各自应用领域的检索系统,而且还努力将几种元数据格式统一到一个系统中,以获得更好的搜索结果。本文描述了开发属性服务的规范,该服务作为“屠龙者”分布式文件系统的一部分,旨在为不同的元数据格式提供统一的平台,并提供高效的信息元数据检索。通过Dragon Slayer文件系统提供的接口,用户可以为文件分配元数据,并通过这些元数据引用文件。对于所使用的每种元数据格式,都将一个外部元模块合并到文件系统中,该文件系统根据其格式管理和搜索数据库中的元数据。
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引用次数: 3
Constant coefficient multiplication in FPGA structures FPGA结构中的常系数乘法
K. Wiatr, E. Jamro
Investigates different architectures implementing bit-parallel constant-coefficient multiplication in FPGA structures. First, multiplierless multiplication (MM) architectures employing canonic sign digit (CSD) and sub-structure sharing methods are addressed, and a novel algorithm for the conversion from two's-complement to CSD representation is presented. In the second part of this paper, lookup table-based multiplication (LM) is investigated. Correspondingly, the usage of different memory modules and finding the optimal combination of the memory and adders are considered. The LM architecture also considers reduction of the address width for each memory cell and the possibility of memory sub-structure sharing. Finally, implementation results for the Xilinx XC4000 and Virtex families are presented. As a result, MM generally surpasses the LM architecture. However, the actual choice between these two architectures is coefficient- and input parameter-dependent.
研究在FPGA结构中实现位并行常系数乘法的不同架构。首先,研究了采用正则符号数(CSD)和子结构共享方法的无乘数乘法(MM)体系结构,并提出了一种从二补表示到CSD表示的新算法。本文的第二部分研究了基于查找表的乘法(LM)。相应的,考虑了不同存储模块的使用以及寻找存储器和加法器的最佳组合。LM架构还考虑了减少每个存储单元的地址宽度和内存子结构共享的可能性。最后给出了Xilinx XC4000和Virtex系列的实现结果。因此,MM通常优于LM体系结构。然而,这两种体系结构之间的实际选择取决于系数和输入参数。
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引用次数: 48
Digital teaching, learning and program supports: an examination of developments for students in higher education 数字化教学、学习和项目支持:高等教育学生发展的考察
B. McClelland
While there has been a great deal of activity in the exploration of learning situations, especially with the development of computer aided learning, the introduction of holistic views of learning situations can be useful. In particular, one current approach is that of supported Web based learning systems to complement traditional teaching. This paper focuses on recent work at LBS on one undergraduate module, which with one other has served to provide a rationale for a Web-based teaching, learning and support environment for academic staff and students. The approach has enabled us to explore module/programme support development possibilities on the Web from academic, quality and commercial perspectives as well as the cybernetic and evolutionary nature of learning. It has also enabled us to explore student attitudes and perceptions to the technology, the learning strategies adopted by students, and relate it to student learning styles and approaches to study. The emphases in studying this system are appropriateness in terms of pedagogy, quality of content and presentation, technology fit. There is appeal to students, flexibility as a delivery platform, cost benefits and external commercial possibilities. The development process for academics has been mapped and cost benefits of the Web site recorded, in order to develop the strategy of a Web supported teaching and learning environment, coupled with a suitable support mechanism, for staff and students at Liverpool Business School.
虽然在学习情境的探索方面已经有了大量的活动,特别是随着计算机辅助学习的发展,引入学习情境的整体观点可能是有用的。特别是,当前的一种方法是支持基于Web的学习系统来补充传统教学。本文重点介绍了伦敦商学院最近在一个本科模块上的工作,该模块与其他模块一起为学术人员和学生提供了基于网络的教学、学习和支持环境的基本原理。这种方法使我们能够从学术、质量和商业角度,以及学习的控制论和进化本质,探索网络上模块/程序支持开发的可能性。它还使我们能够探索学生对技术的态度和看法,学生采用的学习策略,并将其与学生的学习风格和学习方法联系起来。研究该系统的重点是教学方法的适宜性、内容质量和表现形式的适宜性、技术的适宜性。它对学生有吸引力,作为交付平台的灵活性,成本效益和外部商业可能性。为了为利物浦商学院的教职员工和学生制定一个网络支持的教学和学习环境战略,以及一个合适的支持机制,学术界的发展过程已经被绘制出来,并记录了网站的成本效益。
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引用次数: 3
Deriving the optimal structure of N-version software under resource requirements and cost/timing constraints 在资源需求和成本/时间约束下,推导出n版本软件的最优结构
I. Kovalev, K. Großpietsch
The paper presents an approach to systematically derive the optimal structure of fault-tolerant software for safety-critical control processes, with respect to resource requirements and cost- and timing constraints. For the modelling of the control process, a graph model description is used; basic static distributed scheduling and allocation decisions for the tasks are performed and task computation times are defined. Adaptive optimization techniques are used to derive the optimal solution for the given requirements. The application of the method in practice is illustrated by the example of a software system for spacecraft control.
本文提出了一种基于资源需求、成本和时间约束,系统地推导出安全关键控制过程容错软件的最优结构的方法。对于控制过程的建模,采用图模型描述;执行任务的基本静态分布式调度和分配决策,并定义任务计算时间。采用自适应优化技术推导给定需求的最优解。以航天器控制软件系统为例,说明了该方法在实际中的应用。
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引用次数: 11
An improved column compatibility approach for partition based functional decomposition 基于分区的功能分解的改进的列兼容性方法
V. Muthukumar, R. Bignall, H. Selvaraj
The paper deals with the problem of generating compatible pairs of a k-block partition P(B)=(B/sub 1/, B/sub 2/, ..., B/sub k/), where B is the bound set. Compatible and incompatible pairs of block partitions of P(B) are generated by a partition calculus based approach called the Block Compatible Approach. The compatible block partitions generate a compatibility graph that can be solved using clique partition algorithms. The incompatible block partitions form an incompatibility graph, which can be solved using a graph colouring algorithm or maximum independent set (MIS) partition algorithm.
本文研究了k块分区P(B)=(B/sub 1/, B/sub 2/,…)的相容对的生成问题。, B/下标k/),其中B是界集。P(B)的兼容和不兼容的块分区对是由一种基于分区演算的方法生成的,这种方法称为块兼容方法。兼容的块分区生成一个可以使用团分区算法求解的兼容性图。不兼容块划分形成一个不兼容图,可采用图着色算法或最大独立集划分算法求解。
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引用次数: 3
Application of design style in evolutionary multi-level networks synthesis 设计风格在进化多层次网络综合中的应用
T. Luba, C. Moraga, S. Yanushkevich, V. Shmerko, J. Kolodziejczyk
Considers the evolutionary design of logical networks from the computer-aided design (CAD) point of view. Scanning the space of all possible network solutions by a scanning window is the the crucial point of an evolutionary paradigm. This is the basis for the implementation of CAD methods in order to improve recently obtained results on the evolutionary approach for network synthesis. Firstly, we introduce the concept of a target design style in evolutionary network synthesis and show that it is closely related to the CAD problem of multi-level network design over a fixed library of cells. Secondly, because the network search space is partitionable, we use the technique of switching function decomposition. Therefore, independent parallel processing of subspaces via genetic algorithms (GAs) is possible. Moreover, since GAs are inherently parallel, we achieve massively parallel processing. The experimental data demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach and large improvements over recently obtained results.
从计算机辅助设计(CAD)的角度考虑逻辑网络的进化设计。通过扫描窗口扫描所有可能的网络解的空间是进化范式的关键点。这是实现CAD方法的基础,以改进最近在网络综合的进化方法上获得的结果。首先,我们在进化网络合成中引入了目标设计风格的概念,并指出它与基于固定单元库的多层次网络设计CAD问题密切相关。其次,由于网络搜索空间是可分割的,我们采用了切换函数分解技术。因此,通过遗传算法对子空间进行独立并行处理是可能的。此外,由于GAs本质上是并行的,因此我们实现了大规模并行处理。实验数据证明了该方法的有效性,并且比最近获得的结果有了很大的改进。
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引用次数: 6
Using cost of software quality for a process improvement initiative 将软件质量成本用于过程改进计划
Onur Demirörs, Özkan Yildiz, A. S. Güceglioglu
Process improvement in the manufacturing sector traditionally starts with calculation of: cost of quality. The cost of quality calculation enables identification of the weakest links of the process that requires immediate attention, prioritization of improvement tasks and establishment of a baseline for these tasks. In the software field, process improvement initiatives usually leave out the cost of quality calculations. The authors report on a case study concerning the utilization of cost of software quality as an initiator for software process improvement in a public software development organization.
传统上,制造业的工艺改进始于质量成本的计算。质量成本计算能够识别需要立即注意的过程中最薄弱的环节,确定改进任务的优先次序,并为这些任务建立基线。在软件领域,过程改进计划通常忽略了质量计算的成本。作者报告了一个案例研究,关于在一个公共软件开发组织中利用软件质量成本作为软件过程改进的发起者。
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引用次数: 13
Partitioning and placement for multi-FPGA systems using genetic algorithms 使用遗传算法的多fpga系统的划分和放置
J. Hidalgo, J. Lanchares, R. Hermida
One of the most important and difficult tasks in multi-FPGA systems design is partitioning. The main problems are related to the I/O pins and logic capacity of FPGAs. The number of pins available is a critical problem, because FPGA devices have such a reduced number of them compared with their logic capacity. In addition we must reserve some of the pins to interconnect parts of the circuit placed on non-adjacent FPGAs. Most of the previous works have been adapted from other VLSI areas, and hence, they disregard the specific features of these kind of circuit. A new method for solving the partitioning and placement problem in multi-FPGA systems is presented. We use graph theory to describe the circuit, then a classical genetic algorithm (GA) is applied with a problem-specific encoding. The algorithm preserves the original structure of the circuit and by means of a fuzzy technique it evaluates the I/O-pins consumption due to direct and indirect connections between FPGAs. We have used the Partitioning93 benchmarks described with the Xilinx Netlist Format (XNF). The results obtained show how genetic algorithms are capable of accomplishing successfully the partitioning and placement tasks while respecting the board constraints.
在多fpga系统设计中,最重要也是最困难的任务之一就是分区。主要问题与fpga的I/O引脚和逻辑容量有关。可用引脚的数量是一个关键问题,因为FPGA设备的引脚数量与其逻辑容量相比是如此之少。此外,我们必须保留一些引脚来连接放置在非相邻fpga上的电路部分。以前的大部分工作都是改编自其他VLSI领域,因此,他们忽视了这类电路的具体特征。提出了一种解决多fpga系统中划分与放置问题的新方法。首先利用图论对电路进行描述,然后采用经典的遗传算法对问题进行编码。该算法保留了电路的原始结构,并通过模糊技术评估fpga之间直接和间接连接导致的I/ o引脚消耗。我们使用了Xilinx Netlist Format (XNF)描述的Partitioning93基准测试。结果表明,遗传算法能够成功地完成分区和放置任务,同时尊重板的约束。
{"title":"Partitioning and placement for multi-FPGA systems using genetic algorithms","authors":"J. Hidalgo, J. Lanchares, R. Hermida","doi":"10.1109/EURMIC.2000.874634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURMIC.2000.874634","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important and difficult tasks in multi-FPGA systems design is partitioning. The main problems are related to the I/O pins and logic capacity of FPGAs. The number of pins available is a critical problem, because FPGA devices have such a reduced number of them compared with their logic capacity. In addition we must reserve some of the pins to interconnect parts of the circuit placed on non-adjacent FPGAs. Most of the previous works have been adapted from other VLSI areas, and hence, they disregard the specific features of these kind of circuit. A new method for solving the partitioning and placement problem in multi-FPGA systems is presented. We use graph theory to describe the circuit, then a classical genetic algorithm (GA) is applied with a problem-specific encoding. The algorithm preserves the original structure of the circuit and by means of a fuzzy technique it evaluates the I/O-pins consumption due to direct and indirect connections between FPGAs. We have used the Partitioning93 benchmarks described with the Xilinx Netlist Format (XNF). The results obtained show how genetic algorithms are capable of accomplishing successfully the partitioning and placement tasks while respecting the board constraints.","PeriodicalId":138250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 26th Euromicro Conference. EUROMICRO 2000. Informatics: Inventing the Future","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115438099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
A technology mapping algorithm for PAL-based devices using multi-output function graphs 基于pal的多输出函数图的技术映射算法
D. Kania
The objective of the technology mapping method presented in this paper is to cover a multiple-output function by a minimal number of PAL (programmable array logic) based logic blocks included in CPLDs (complex programmable logic devices). According to this method, product terms included in a logic block can be shared by several functions. The developed algorithms, implemented within the PALDec system, have been used for partitioning the benchmark circuits due to implementation by means of the PAL-based logic blocks with the restricted number of terms. The results are compared to the classical technology mapping method and synthesis of benchmarks executed by means of MACHXL and MAX+PLUS II software.
本文提出的技术映射方法的目标是通过包含在cpld(复杂可编程逻辑器件)中的基于PAL(可编程阵列逻辑)的逻辑块的最小数量来覆盖多输出功能。根据这种方法,包含在一个逻辑块中的产品项可以被多个函数共享。所开发的算法在PALDec系统内实现,由于采用基于pal的逻辑块实现,具有有限的项数,因此已用于划分基准电路。将结果与传统的技术映射方法和利用MACHXL和MAX+PLUS II软件执行的基准综合进行了比较。
{"title":"A technology mapping algorithm for PAL-based devices using multi-output function graphs","authors":"D. Kania","doi":"10.1109/EURMIC.2000.874627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURMIC.2000.874627","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the technology mapping method presented in this paper is to cover a multiple-output function by a minimal number of PAL (programmable array logic) based logic blocks included in CPLDs (complex programmable logic devices). According to this method, product terms included in a logic block can be shared by several functions. The developed algorithms, implemented within the PALDec system, have been used for partitioning the benchmark circuits due to implementation by means of the PAL-based logic blocks with the restricted number of terms. The results are compared to the classical technology mapping method and synthesis of benchmarks executed by means of MACHXL and MAX+PLUS II software.","PeriodicalId":138250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 26th Euromicro Conference. EUROMICRO 2000. Informatics: Inventing the Future","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115770810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Performance oriented partitioning for time-multiplexed FPGA's 面向性能的时复用FPGA分区
P. Andersson, K. Kuchcinski
Time-multiplexing is a promising method to reduce the cost of FPGA based systems. It means execution of logic in consecutive steps with reconfiguration taking place between these steps. The use of time-multiplexing makes it possible to reduce the size of FPGAs but requires a new step in the design flow. The circuit has to be divided into sequential steps, partitions. In this paper we present an algorithm which partitions sequential circuits for time-multiplexing. The algorithm is based on list scheduling. Our experiments show that the algorithm is fast. It is able to partition a design with 4000 nodes in less than 4 seconds. The generated partitions have small size overhead, up to 3.2%, while no time overhead is allowed, besides the necessary reconfiguration time.
时间复用是一种很有前途的降低FPGA系统成本的方法。它意味着在连续的步骤中执行逻辑,并在这些步骤之间进行重新配置。时间复用的使用可以减小fpga的尺寸,但需要在设计流程中迈出新的一步。电路必须被分成连续的步骤,分区。本文提出了一种时序电路的分频算法。该算法基于列表调度。实验结果表明,该算法运行速度快。它能够在不到4秒的时间内对具有4000个节点的设计进行分区。生成的分区具有较小的大小开销(最多3.2%),除了必要的重新配置时间外,不允许有时间开销。
{"title":"Performance oriented partitioning for time-multiplexed FPGA's","authors":"P. Andersson, K. Kuchcinski","doi":"10.1109/EURMIC.2000.874616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURMIC.2000.874616","url":null,"abstract":"Time-multiplexing is a promising method to reduce the cost of FPGA based systems. It means execution of logic in consecutive steps with reconfiguration taking place between these steps. The use of time-multiplexing makes it possible to reduce the size of FPGAs but requires a new step in the design flow. The circuit has to be divided into sequential steps, partitions. In this paper we present an algorithm which partitions sequential circuits for time-multiplexing. The algorithm is based on list scheduling. Our experiments show that the algorithm is fast. It is able to partition a design with 4000 nodes in less than 4 seconds. The generated partitions have small size overhead, up to 3.2%, while no time overhead is allowed, besides the necessary reconfiguration time.","PeriodicalId":138250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 26th Euromicro Conference. EUROMICRO 2000. Informatics: Inventing the Future","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123999090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
期刊
Proceedings of the 26th Euromicro Conference. EUROMICRO 2000. Informatics: Inventing the Future
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