Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240369
Abhijit Biswas, Krishnan Ramasubramanian
Health promotion methodology of digital-homeopathy is very useful to achieve and maintain near zero disease-levels in the various organs and the immune, endocrine and nervous systems of any human being, for all health-conscious persons, who want to continue sincerely with the preventive medicines of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy, and occasional gas-discharge-visualization (GDV) check-up, as may be necessary. The methodology of evolved-homeopathy utilizes medicines of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy for prevention and cure, according to the first fundamental-principle of cure (“prevention is better than cure”). True “nipping in the bud” of any disease from a patient’s body is possible only when the treatment starts based not on a patient’s perception of symptom(s) but on a whole-body diagnostic chart generated by a sophisticated device like the GDV scanner. Based on the experience of the persons who are utilizing the side-effect free preventive and curative medicines of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy for preventing and curing problems of various organs and systems, to achieve near zero disease-level, it is clear that the methodology of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy for health promotion, is very effective. It seems evident that for the sincere followers of the three fundamental-principles of cure as detailed below, health promotion methodology of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy, is very beneficial. When the condition of near zero disease-levels in the various organs and systems of a person’s body, is achieved, about 20-years age-reduction is felt along with improvement of physical and mental stamina and increment in longevity.
{"title":"Digital homeopathy, the method of comprehensive digital medicine leads to health promotion by curing diseases of various organs, as well as of immune, endocrine and nervous systems, of human body","authors":"Abhijit Biswas, Krishnan Ramasubramanian","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240369","url":null,"abstract":"Health promotion methodology of digital-homeopathy is very useful to achieve and maintain near zero disease-levels in the various organs and the immune, endocrine and nervous systems of any human being, for all health-conscious persons, who want to continue sincerely with the preventive medicines of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy, and occasional gas-discharge-visualization (GDV) check-up, as may be necessary. The methodology of evolved-homeopathy utilizes medicines of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy for prevention and cure, according to the first fundamental-principle of cure (“prevention is better than cure”). True “nipping in the bud” of any disease from a patient’s body is possible only when the treatment starts based not on a patient’s perception of symptom(s) but on a whole-body diagnostic chart generated by a sophisticated device like the GDV scanner. Based on the experience of the persons who are utilizing the side-effect free preventive and curative medicines of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy for preventing and curing problems of various organs and systems, to achieve near zero disease-level, it is clear that the methodology of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy for health promotion, is very effective. It seems evident that for the sincere followers of the three fundamental-principles of cure as detailed below, health promotion methodology of digital-homeopathy and evolved-homeopathy, is very beneficial. When the condition of near zero disease-levels in the various organs and systems of a person’s body, is achieved, about 20-years age-reduction is felt along with improvement of physical and mental stamina and increment in longevity.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"33 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240364
Arjun G. Shah, Gaurav S. Chaudhary, Anuradha P. Mahto, Aamna Maniyar, Akash Chheda, K. Jagiasi
Distal hereditary neuropathies (dHMN) are hereditary neuromuscular disorders characterized by predominant distal motor neuropathy, leading to muscle atrophy, with a striking preservation of the sensory nervous system. While there is occasional overlap with Charcot-Marie-tooth disease (CMT) and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS), these conditions typically represent distinct entities with better prognosis. Numerous gene defects are associated with dHMN, and on-going research continues to unveil novel mutations. Among these, the mutation in the sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 gene (SIGMAR1) has been identified across diverse populations. SIGMAR1 encodes a non-opioid endoplasmic reticulum protein present in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, playing a crucial role in neuronal survival and maintenance. Notably, SIGMAR1 gene mutations are linked to two distinct motor neuron disease phenotypes: fALS and dHMN. This signifies the broad impact of SIGMAR1 mutations on the neurogenetic landscape, contributing to the understanding of the complex interplay between genetic factors and motor neuron disorders. The continuous discovery of new mutations emphasizes the dynamic nature of research in this field, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms underlying these debilitating conditions.
{"title":"Novel reports of distal hereditary neuropathy due to mutations of SIGMAR 1 from India","authors":"Arjun G. Shah, Gaurav S. Chaudhary, Anuradha P. Mahto, Aamna Maniyar, Akash Chheda, K. Jagiasi","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240364","url":null,"abstract":"Distal hereditary neuropathies (dHMN) are hereditary neuromuscular disorders characterized by predominant distal motor neuropathy, leading to muscle atrophy, with a striking preservation of the sensory nervous system. While there is occasional overlap with Charcot-Marie-tooth disease (CMT) and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS), these conditions typically represent distinct entities with better prognosis. Numerous gene defects are associated with dHMN, and on-going research continues to unveil novel mutations. Among these, the mutation in the sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 gene (SIGMAR1) has been identified across diverse populations. SIGMAR1 encodes a non-opioid endoplasmic reticulum protein present in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, playing a crucial role in neuronal survival and maintenance. Notably, SIGMAR1 gene mutations are linked to two distinct motor neuron disease phenotypes: fALS and dHMN. This signifies the broad impact of SIGMAR1 mutations on the neurogenetic landscape, contributing to the understanding of the complex interplay between genetic factors and motor neuron disorders. The continuous discovery of new mutations emphasizes the dynamic nature of research in this field, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms underlying these debilitating conditions.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"39 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240366
Karun S. Sam, Kunal Chawla, Rishikesh Dessai, Shipra Gulati
A 23-year-old male, with no known co-morbid illnesses, presented with a history of chronic fever and left hip pain of 6-months duration. The persistence of the fever with the progressive worsening of pain despite outpatient management prompted him to seek further evaluation. He was evaluated outside on multiple occasions and was diagnosed with a left sacroiliitis with left gluteal and paraspinal fluid collection 2 months prior, for which he was initiated on empirical anti tubercular treatment (ATT). In view of worsening of symptoms, he presented to our centre where he underwent a curettage and bone grafting of the left SI joint following repeat imaging. Tissue culture grew Cryptococcus neoformans and he was started on liposomal Amphoterecin B with Flucytosine. Patient clinically improved and was discharged on the same regimen. This case report aims shed light on the evidence of primary skeletal cryptococcal infection in an immunocompetent individual.
一名 23 岁的男性患者，无并发症，因长期发热和左髋部疼痛就诊，病程长达 6 个月。尽管接受了门诊治疗，但发热仍持续不退，疼痛逐渐加重，这促使他寻求进一步的评估。他在外面接受了多次评估，2 个月前被诊断为左侧骶髂关节炎，并伴有左侧臀部和脊柱旁积液，为此他开始接受经验性抗结核治疗（ATT）。由于症状恶化，他来到本中心就诊，在复查造影后对左侧骶髂关节进行了刮除和植骨手术。组织培养发现了新生隐球菌，于是开始使用含氟尿嘧啶的安福霉素 B 脂质体。患者的临床症状有所改善，并以相同疗程出院。本病例报告旨在阐明免疫功能正常者原发性骨骼隐球菌感染的证据。
{"title":"Pyrexia of unknown origin in a healthy adult: a case report","authors":"Karun S. Sam, Kunal Chawla, Rishikesh Dessai, Shipra Gulati","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240366","url":null,"abstract":"A 23-year-old male, with no known co-morbid illnesses, presented with a history of chronic fever and left hip pain of 6-months duration. The persistence of the fever with the progressive worsening of pain despite outpatient management prompted him to seek further evaluation. He was evaluated outside on multiple occasions and was diagnosed with a left sacroiliitis with left gluteal and paraspinal fluid collection 2 months prior, for which he was initiated on empirical anti tubercular treatment (ATT). In view of worsening of symptoms, he presented to our centre where he underwent a curettage and bone grafting of the left SI joint following repeat imaging. Tissue culture grew Cryptococcus neoformans and he was started on liposomal Amphoterecin B with Flucytosine. Patient clinically improved and was discharged on the same regimen. This case report aims shed light on the evidence of primary skeletal cryptococcal infection in an immunocompetent individual.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"11 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240367
S. Meenakshisundaram, Subhash Kaul, Sucheta Mudgerikar, U. P. Sharma
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability and the second most common cause of death worldwide. Nearly two-thirds of all strokes represent cerebral ischemia, of which about 15%-30% are of cardioembolic origin. Atrial fibrillation accounts for about 60% of all cardioembolic strokes. Current clinical evidence suggests that oral anticoagulant therapy can prevent around 70% of strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Oral anticoagulation therapy is preferred over antiplatelet therapy in patients with cardioembolic stroke. Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are routinely prescribed oral anticoagulants in patients at risk of stroke; however, there are specific indications where VKA use surpasses NOAC use or there are conditions where NOACs are contraindicated. A group of experts revisited the role of oral anticoagulants in the management of cardioembolic stroke in India with emphasis on VKA, specifically acenocoumarol. This article discusses various aspects of anticoagulation therapy, including the timing of initiation and patient monitoring, in patients with cardioembolic stroke with reference to current clinical evidence and expert opinion based on Indian clinical experience.
中风是导致长期残疾的主要原因，也是全球第二大常见死因。近三分之二的脑卒中为脑缺血，其中约 15%-30%为心源性栓塞。心房颤动约占所有心源性栓塞性脑卒中的 60%。目前的临床证据表明，口服抗凝疗法可以预防约 70% 的心房颤动患者中风。对于心源性栓塞性脑卒中患者，口服抗凝疗法优于抗血小板疗法。维生素 K 拮抗剂（VKA）和非维生素 K 拮抗剂口服抗凝剂（NOAC）是卒中高危患者的常规口服抗凝剂；然而，在一些特定的适应症中，VKA 的使用超过了 NOAC 的使用，或者在某些情况下 NOAC 是禁忌的。一组专家重新审视了口服抗凝剂在印度心源性脑卒中治疗中的作用，重点是 VKA，特别是醋硝香豆素。本文参考当前的临床证据和基于印度临床经验的专家意见，讨论了心肌栓塞性脑卒中患者抗凝治疗的各个方面，包括启动时机和患者监测。
{"title":"Use of acenocoumarol in cardioembolic stroke: an evidence-based review","authors":"S. Meenakshisundaram, Subhash Kaul, Sucheta Mudgerikar, U. P. Sharma","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240367","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability and the second most common cause of death worldwide. Nearly two-thirds of all strokes represent cerebral ischemia, of which about 15%-30% are of cardioembolic origin. Atrial fibrillation accounts for about 60% of all cardioembolic strokes. Current clinical evidence suggests that oral anticoagulant therapy can prevent around 70% of strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Oral anticoagulation therapy is preferred over antiplatelet therapy in patients with cardioembolic stroke. Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are routinely prescribed oral anticoagulants in patients at risk of stroke; however, there are specific indications where VKA use surpasses NOAC use or there are conditions where NOACs are contraindicated. A group of experts revisited the role of oral anticoagulants in the management of cardioembolic stroke in India with emphasis on VKA, specifically acenocoumarol. This article discusses various aspects of anticoagulation therapy, including the timing of initiation and patient monitoring, in patients with cardioembolic stroke with reference to current clinical evidence and expert opinion based on Indian clinical experience.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240360
M. S, K. Kumar M
Background: The effectiveness and safety of silodosin compared to other drugs have been the subject of numerous studies to date, although the findings are debatable. So, this study aims to gather expert opinion on the prescription practice of silodosin for men with lower urinary tract symptoms leading to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods: This cross-sectional, multiple-response questionnaire-based survey, included experts from various states across India with expertise in treating BPH. The study questionnaire, comprising 25 survey items on the management of BPH utilizing silodosin (8 mg) and other drug combinations to gather data via email or an online survey platform. Results: Out of the 55 experts, 76% identified non-specific urinary tract infections as the most prevalent concomitant ailment in BPH patients. The majority of the experts (89.09%) recommended silodosin medication for these patients, and about 58% reported that patients might need to continue silodosin medication for three months. Another major benefit reported was its high selectivity for alpha 1A receptors (34.55%). However, 47% of experts reported retrograde ejaculation as a side effect, and 27% reported orthostatic hypotension. According to nearly 80% of responders, patients with BPH can use silodosin in combination with mirabegron (25/50 mg). A combination of silodosin and dutasteride was favoured by 67% of responders for BPH patients with acute urine retention. Conclusions: The expert consensus has highlighted silodosin as an effective treatment option for LUTS in men with BPH in Indian settings. Silodosin and dutasteride combination were recommended by specialists for BPH patients with acute urine retention.
{"title":"Expert opinion on the prescription practice of silodosin for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia patients in Indian clinical settings","authors":"M. S, K. Kumar M","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240360","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The effectiveness and safety of silodosin compared to other drugs have been the subject of numerous studies to date, although the findings are debatable. So, this study aims to gather expert opinion on the prescription practice of silodosin for men with lower urinary tract symptoms leading to benign prostatic hyperplasia.\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional, multiple-response questionnaire-based survey, included experts from various states across India with expertise in treating BPH. The study questionnaire, comprising 25 survey items on the management of BPH utilizing silodosin (8 mg) and other drug combinations to gather data via email or an online survey platform.\u0000Results: Out of the 55 experts, 76% identified non-specific urinary tract infections as the most prevalent concomitant ailment in BPH patients. The majority of the experts (89.09%) recommended silodosin medication for these patients, and about 58% reported that patients might need to continue silodosin medication for three months. Another major benefit reported was its high selectivity for alpha 1A receptors (34.55%). However, 47% of experts reported retrograde ejaculation as a side effect, and 27% reported orthostatic hypotension. According to nearly 80% of responders, patients with BPH can use silodosin in combination with mirabegron (25/50 mg). A combination of silodosin and dutasteride was favoured by 67% of responders for BPH patients with acute urine retention.\u0000Conclusions: The expert consensus has highlighted silodosin as an effective treatment option for LUTS in men with BPH in Indian settings. Silodosin and dutasteride combination were recommended by specialists for BPH patients with acute urine retention.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240365
Indu Priyadarshini, Akhilesh Thole, K. Hazarika, Manik S. Ghadlinge
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, while uncommon, presents a potentially hazardous condition. It is a drug-induced multi‑system immunological hypersensitivity reaction, characterized by the triad of fever, rash, and internal organ involvement. This is a case report of a 60-year-old Indian female who developed a repeat episode of DRESS syndrome following modified anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT). She had a past history of DRESS syndrome caused by first-line antitubercular drugs. This case report aims to highlight the challenges in managing DRESS syndrome in the context of tuberculosis (TB) treatment, as well as to emphasize the importance of prompt withdrawal of the culprit drugs and immediate initiation of appropriate supportive care. This case report also highlights the high risk of recurrence of DRESS syndrome following the re-administration of the offending medication, especially antitubercular drugs.
{"title":"An observed repeat case of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome with modified anti-tuberculosis therapy: a case report","authors":"Indu Priyadarshini, Akhilesh Thole, K. Hazarika, Manik S. Ghadlinge","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240365","url":null,"abstract":"Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, while uncommon, presents a potentially hazardous condition. It is a drug-induced multi‑system immunological hypersensitivity reaction, characterized by the triad of fever, rash, and internal organ involvement. This is a case report of a 60-year-old Indian female who developed a repeat episode of DRESS syndrome following modified anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT). She had a past history of DRESS syndrome caused by first-line antitubercular drugs. This case report aims to highlight the challenges in managing DRESS syndrome in the context of tuberculosis (TB) treatment, as well as to emphasize the importance of prompt withdrawal of the culprit drugs and immediate initiation of appropriate supportive care. This case report also highlights the high risk of recurrence of DRESS syndrome following the re-administration of the offending medication, especially antitubercular drugs.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240368
Abin Varghese, Kavitha Thilak, Saritha Mary Thomas
Misidentification, mistransfusion, and pre-analytical errors are all regarded as major challenges and risks in safe blood transfusion procedures. To provide a high level of accuracy, traceability, automation, and reliability in blood transfusion services, traditional methods should be upgraded with modern technologies such as block chain technology, machine learning, artificial intelligence (AI), artificial neural networks, algorithm-based learning, and the implementation of radio frequency identification (RFID) and the internet of things (IoT). This technology helps reduce errors, retrieve data, forecast blood demand, reduce blood waste, manage blood storage, and manage workload, ensuring transfusion safety. The technology is still in the initial stages of development and by addressing issues such as data loss, patient data privacy, and cost-effectiveness, the technology will become a revolution in transfusion services.
{"title":"Technological advancements, digital transformation, and future trends in blood transfusion services","authors":"Abin Varghese, Kavitha Thilak, Saritha Mary Thomas","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240368","url":null,"abstract":"Misidentification, mistransfusion, and pre-analytical errors are all regarded as major challenges and risks in safe blood transfusion procedures. To provide a high level of accuracy, traceability, automation, and reliability in blood transfusion services, traditional methods should be upgraded with modern technologies such as block chain technology, machine learning, artificial intelligence (AI), artificial neural networks, algorithm-based learning, and the implementation of radio frequency identification (RFID) and the internet of things (IoT). This technology helps reduce errors, retrieve data, forecast blood demand, reduce blood waste, manage blood storage, and manage workload, ensuring transfusion safety. The technology is still in the initial stages of development and by addressing issues such as data loss, patient data privacy, and cost-effectiveness, the technology will become a revolution in transfusion services.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240357
Ojochenemi Eje Yakubu, John Akighir, C. Imo, Lukas De Jesus Akaangee, Isaac Eleojo Shaibu, Reuben Owuna
Background: Aluminium chloride is a widely distributed element with a well-established toxicity. The study aimed at evaluating ameliorative effects of active fractions and ethanolic fruits extracts of Raphia hookeri on AlCl3-induced toxicity in male rats. The objectives included; determination of liver and kidney function biomarkers, lipid profile, histopathological assessment of the organs. Methods: A total of 110 healthy male rats weighing 180-200 g were grouped into 11 groups of 10 rats each. Group 1: Normal feed and water (normal control). Group 2: AlCl3 only. Group 3: 200 mg/kg b. w of vitamin C. Group 4 and 5: N-hexane fraction at 10 and 20 mg/kg b. w. Group 6 and 7: ethyl acetate fraction at 10 and 20 mg/kg b. w. Group 8 and 9: Aqueous fractions at 10 and 20 mg/kg b. w. Group10 and 11: Ethanol extract at doses of 200 mg/kg b. w and 400 mg/kg b. w. The treatment lasted for 21 days. Results: Results revealed a significant (p˂0.05) decreased in the activities of ALT, AST, ALP, TB, DB and TP. It further revealed a significant (p˂0.05) decrease in urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and chloride. Also, a significant (p˂0.05) decrease in CHOL, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C was observed. Histopathological assessment of the liver and kidney tissues corroborated the observed changes in enzymes activities. Conclusions: The findings demonstrated ameliorative potentials of active fractions and ethanolic fruit extract of Raphia hookeri against hepatic and renal damage induced by AlCl3 in a dose and time dependent manner.
{"title":"Ameliorative effects and histological assessment of active fractions of ethanolic fruits extract of Raphia hookeri on AlCl3 induced toxicity in rats","authors":"Ojochenemi Eje Yakubu, John Akighir, C. Imo, Lukas De Jesus Akaangee, Isaac Eleojo Shaibu, Reuben Owuna","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240357","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aluminium chloride is a widely distributed element with a well-established toxicity. The study aimed at evaluating ameliorative effects of active fractions and ethanolic fruits extracts of Raphia hookeri on AlCl3-induced toxicity in male rats. The objectives included; determination of liver and kidney function biomarkers, lipid profile, histopathological assessment of the organs. \u0000Methods: A total of 110 healthy male rats weighing 180-200 g were grouped into 11 groups of 10 rats each. Group 1: Normal feed and water (normal control). Group 2: AlCl3 only. Group 3: 200 mg/kg b. w of vitamin C. Group 4 and 5: N-hexane fraction at 10 and 20 mg/kg b. w. Group 6 and 7: ethyl acetate fraction at 10 and 20 mg/kg b. w. Group 8 and 9: Aqueous fractions at 10 and 20 mg/kg b. w. Group10 and 11: Ethanol extract at doses of 200 mg/kg b. w and 400 mg/kg b. w. The treatment lasted for 21 days.\u0000Results: Results revealed a significant (p˂0.05) decreased in the activities of ALT, AST, ALP, TB, DB and TP. It further revealed a significant (p˂0.05) decrease in urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and chloride. Also, a significant (p˂0.05) decrease in CHOL, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C was observed. Histopathological assessment of the liver and kidney tissues corroborated the observed changes in enzymes activities.\u0000Conclusions: The findings demonstrated ameliorative potentials of active fractions and ethanolic fruit extract of Raphia hookeri against hepatic and renal damage induced by AlCl3 in a dose and time dependent manner.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"28 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240363
Rashan Kullar, Preeti Tripathi, Kundan Mishra, S. Venkatesan, J. Bhatia
Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a benign condition defined by lymphomononuclear cell proliferation. Symptoms range from a vague constitutional syndrome to fever, rash, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and in rare cases, autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The viruses responsible for this syndrome are EBV (the most prevalent), CMV, HIV, Hepatitis virus, Adenovirus, and others. Because the virus mostly impacts lymphomononuclear cells and the reticuloendothelial system, it may trigger intense lymphoproliferation, leading to uncommon manifestations in peripheral smear. These can be misdiagnoses as leukemia/lymphoma. The clinical profile of a brief history, mild organomegaly, and peripheral smear morphology commonly overlaps. This pitfall in the diagnosis can lead to ineffective treatment. Immunophenotyping by flowcytometry or immunohistochemistry, a mono-spot test, and specific viral ag/ab assays are required for a correct diagnosis. Flowcytometry profiles are not always adequate to rule out neoplastic proliferations. We provide a case study of a young teenage boy who arrived with an abrupt history of low-grade fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cervical lymphadenopathy, elevated leukocyte count, and atypical lymphoid cells on peripheral smear. What was previously thought to be a hematological malignancy was discovered to be a self-limiting acute IM (CMV caused), and the patient was discharged after a brief course of treatment.
{"title":"Role of flowcytometry in atypical lymphocytosis","authors":"Rashan Kullar, Preeti Tripathi, Kundan Mishra, S. Venkatesan, J. Bhatia","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240363","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a benign condition defined by lymphomononuclear cell proliferation. Symptoms range from a vague constitutional syndrome to fever, rash, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and in rare cases, autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The viruses responsible for this syndrome are EBV (the most prevalent), CMV, HIV, Hepatitis virus, Adenovirus, and others. Because the virus mostly impacts lymphomononuclear cells and the reticuloendothelial system, it may trigger intense lymphoproliferation, leading to uncommon manifestations in peripheral smear. These can be misdiagnoses as leukemia/lymphoma. The clinical profile of a brief history, mild organomegaly, and peripheral smear morphology commonly overlaps. This pitfall in the diagnosis can lead to ineffective treatment. Immunophenotyping by flowcytometry or immunohistochemistry, a mono-spot test, and specific viral ag/ab assays are required for a correct diagnosis. Flowcytometry profiles are not always adequate to rule out neoplastic proliferations. We provide a case study of a young teenage boy who arrived with an abrupt history of low-grade fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cervical lymphadenopathy, elevated leukocyte count, and atypical lymphoid cells on peripheral smear. What was previously thought to be a hematological malignancy was discovered to be a self-limiting acute IM (CMV caused), and the patient was discharged after a brief course of treatment.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240358
Huma Afzal Mirza, Nigare Arzoo, Pooja Prajapati
Background: Vitamin D is a lipid-soluble prohormone that is vital for the maintenance of bone and muscle health. Vitamin D deficiency is an unrecognized epidemic, common in all age groups and is associated with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, early labour and pregnancy loss. Methods: Our study was conducted in Batra hospital and medical research centre, New Delhi from October 2018 to May2019. 126 women were taken, of those seen before 20 weeks of pregnancy who received vitamin D3 supplementation comprised of study group and control group were those who came directly for delivery and without vitamin D3 level done. The outcomes measured were vitamin D3 level at 20 weeks, at delivery, in cord blood and clinical outcomes like pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery. Results: Gestational hypertension was seen in 4 (6.3%) of subjects while in control group it was seen in 11 (17.5%), Gestational diabetes was seen in 3 (4.8%) women while it was observed in 10 (15.9%) women of control group. Premature rupture of membranes was seen in 2 (3.2%) women in study group and 8 (12.7%) women of control group. Vitamin D level at the time of delivery in study group was significantly higher than control group (56.84±15.78 versus 18.12±8.97ng/ml). Conclusions: Preterm labor, low birth weight and preeclampsia were uncommon in the subjects and the administered vitamin D3 dose had no adverse effects but more research with larger sample size is strongly urged to assess the safety and effect of vitamin D3 supplementation.
{"title":"A study of safety and efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in pregnancy","authors":"Huma Afzal Mirza, Nigare Arzoo, Pooja Prajapati","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20240358","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D is a lipid-soluble prohormone that is vital for the maintenance of bone and muscle health. Vitamin D deficiency is an unrecognized epidemic, common in all age groups and is associated with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, early labour and pregnancy loss.\u0000Methods: Our study was conducted in Batra hospital and medical research centre, New Delhi from October 2018 to May2019. 126 women were taken, of those seen before 20 weeks of pregnancy who received vitamin D3 supplementation comprised of study group and control group were those who came directly for delivery and without vitamin D3 level done. The outcomes measured were vitamin D3 level at 20 weeks, at delivery, in cord blood and clinical outcomes like pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery.\u0000Results: Gestational hypertension was seen in 4 (6.3%) of subjects while in control group it was seen in 11 (17.5%), Gestational diabetes was seen in 3 (4.8%) women while it was observed in 10 (15.9%) women of control group. Premature rupture of membranes was seen in 2 (3.2%) women in study group and 8 (12.7%) women of control group. Vitamin D level at the time of delivery in study group was significantly higher than control group (56.84±15.78 versus 18.12±8.97ng/ml).\u0000Conclusions: Preterm labor, low birth weight and preeclampsia were uncommon in the subjects and the administered vitamin D3 dose had no adverse effects but more research with larger sample size is strongly urged to assess the safety and effect of vitamin D3 supplementation.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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