Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.4324/9781315678627-84
Phrae Chittiphalangsri, V. Henitiuk
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Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.4324/9781315678627-14
Gillian Lathey
This course is a survey of children’s literature. You will be introduced to authors and texts that have defined children’s literature. You will discuss children’s books and write about how children’s literature shapes and reflects cultural ideas about children and childhood. You will develop knowledge of children’s writers and the history of children’s literature and demonstrate this knowledge in discussions, exams, presentations, and papers.
{"title":"Children’s literature","authors":"Gillian Lathey","doi":"10.4324/9781315678627-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315678627-14","url":null,"abstract":"This course is a survey of children’s literature. You will be introduced to authors and texts that have defined children’s literature. You will discuss children’s books and write about how children’s literature shapes and reflects cultural ideas about children and childhood. You will develop knowledge of children’s writers and the history of children’s literature and demonstrate this knowledge in discussions, exams, presentations, and papers.","PeriodicalId":138438,"journal":{"name":"Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133407091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.4324/9781315678627-15
Sandra L. Halverson
finding shows that the external world was resampled, despite VWM still containing relevant information. We then asked whether increasing the cost of sampling causes participants to load up more information in VWM or, alternatively, to squeeze out more information from VWM (at the cost of making more errors). To manipulate the cost of resampling, we made it more difficult (specifically, more time-consuming) to access the model. We show that with increased cost of accessing the model (which lead to fewer, but longer model inspections), participants could place more items correctly immediately after sampling, and they kept attempting to place items for longer after their first error. These findings demonstrate that participants both encoded more information in VWM and made attempts to squeeze out more information from VWM when sampling became more costly. We argue that human observers constantly evaluate how certain they are of their VWM contents, and only use that VWM content of which their certainty exceeds a context-dependent “action threshold”. This threshold, in turn, depends on the trade-off between the cost of resampling and the benefits of making an action. We argue that considering the interplay between the available VWM contents and a context-dependent action threshold, is key for reconciling the traditional VWM literature with VWM use in our day-to-day behavior.
{"title":"Cognition","authors":"Sandra L. Halverson","doi":"10.4324/9781315678627-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315678627-15","url":null,"abstract":"finding shows that the external world was resampled, despite VWM still containing relevant information. We then asked whether increasing the cost of sampling causes participants to load up more information in VWM or, alternatively, to squeeze out more information from VWM (at the cost of making more errors). To manipulate the cost of resampling, we made it more difficult (specifically, more time-consuming) to access the model. We show that with increased cost of accessing the model (which lead to fewer, but longer model inspections), participants could place more items correctly immediately after sampling, and they kept attempting to place items for longer after their first error. These findings demonstrate that participants both encoded more information in VWM and made attempts to squeeze out more information from VWM when sampling became more costly. We argue that human observers constantly evaluate how certain they are of their VWM contents, and only use that VWM content of which their certainty exceeds a context-dependent “action threshold”. This threshold, in turn, depends on the trade-off between the cost of resampling and the benefits of making an action. We argue that considering the interplay between the available VWM contents and a context-dependent action threshold, is key for reconciling the traditional VWM literature with VWM use in our day-to-day behavior.","PeriodicalId":138438,"journal":{"name":"Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128120852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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