International Dairy Journal最新文献_第8页

Investigating the role of pre-acidification process in modulating buffering capacity and lactic acid bacteria viability in ultrafiltered milk 研究预酸化过程在调节超滤牛奶缓冲能力和乳酸菌活力中的作用

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106460

Hosam-Eddin M. El-Garhi, Hassan Abdelbaky, Nahla Abobakr, Wedad A. Metry, Azza M.A. Ibrahim

Pre-acidification of ultrafiltered (UF) milk has been proposed as a strategy to overcome its intrinsically high buffering capacity (BC) and enhance lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation. In this study, fresh cow milk (FCM), UF milk without acidification (UFM), and UF milk pre-acidified to pH 6.0 with lactic (UFL), acetic (UFA), or citric (UFC) acids were inoculated (1 % v/v) with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, or Streptococcus thermophilus and incubated at strain-specific optimal temperatures for 8 h. Kinetic parameters, TA%, pH, pH change rate (ΔpH), and strain viable count (SVC), were measured at 0, 2, 4, and 8 h. Multivariate analyses (principal component analysis PCA and K-means clustering) were performed to elucidate the combined effects of pre-acidification and incubation time on LAB activity. Results showed that pre-acidified treatments (UFL, UFA, UFC) began with significantly higher TA% and lower pH than UFM and FCM, and exhibited markedly greater increases in TA%, larger ΔpH, and higher SVC over 8 h. UFM maintained near-constant pH and minimal ΔpH, confirming its strong BC. PCA revealed that the PC1 explained over 94 % of variance in each kinetic parameter, with pre-acidified samples (especially at 4–8 h) and FCM diverging sharply from UFM along the acidification axis. K-means clustering consistently grouped samples by incubation time and treatment: early timepoints and UFM clustered together, while late timepoints of pre-acidified samples formed distinct high-acidification clusters. These findings demonstrate that pre-acidification of UF milk effectively reduces its BC, accelerates pH decline, and promotes LAB growth, offering a practical approach to optimize acidification kinetics of UF milk in the production of fermented dairy products, particularly hard and semi-hard cheeses.

超滤乳的预酸化是克服其固有的高缓冲能力（BC）和促进乳酸菌（LAB）发酵的一种策略。本研究以乳酸（UFL）、乙酸（UFA）或柠檬酸（UFC）预酸化至pH 6.0的鲜牛奶（FCM）、未酸化的UF牛奶（UFM）和预酸化至pH 6.0的UF牛奶（1% v/v）分别接种嗜酸乳杆菌、德布鲁克氏乳杆菌亚种。并在菌株特定的最佳温度下孵育8小时。分别在0、2、4和8小时测量动力学参数、TA%、pH、pH变化率（ΔpH）和菌株活菌计数（SVC）。通过多元分析（主成分分析PCA和K-means聚类）来阐明预酸化和孵育时间对LAB活性的联合影响。结果表明，与UFM和FCM相比，预酸化处理（UFL、UFA、UFC）开始时TA%明显更高，pH值明显更低，并且在8小时内TA%的增加幅度更大，ΔpH更大，SVC更高。UFM保持了接近恒定的pH值和最小的ΔpH，证实了其强BC。PCA显示，PC1解释了每个动力学参数超过94%的方差，预酸化样品（特别是在4-8 h）和FCM沿着酸化轴与UFM急剧偏离。K-means聚类一致地根据孵育时间和处理对样品进行分组：早期时间点和UFM聚在一起，而预酸化样品的晚期时间点形成不同的高酸化簇。这些研究结果表明，UF牛奶的预酸化可以有效地降低其BC，加速pH下降，促进LAB生长，为优化发酵乳制品，特别是硬和半硬奶酪生产中UF牛奶的酸化动力学提供了一种实用的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Real-time PCR assay for quantitative detection of cow milk adulterants in camel milk 实时荧光定量PCR法定量检测驼奶中牛奶掺假物

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106454

Soumyabrato Saha , Basanti Jyotsana , Ved Prakash , Sagar Ashok Khulape , Swagatika Priyadarsini , Rakesh Ranjan , Ramesh Kumar Dedar , Jyoti Roy Choudhuri

Camel milk is unique in composition with various nutritional and therapeutic properties. The exceptional health benefits of camel milk are compromised by adulteration undermining its quality and effectiveness. Our present study was aimed to develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method for identification and quantitative detection of cow milk mixed in camel milk.DNA was extracted from milk in various concentrations, from 1 to 100 % of cows’ milk mixed in camel milk samples. Self designed primers targeting Cytochrome b gene fragment were successfully amplified in both the species in conventional PCRand real-time PCR methods showing primer specificity. The limit of detection (LOD) of cow milk present in camel milk was found to be 1 % in both the PCR and real-time PCR assays. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for cow and camel milk was 1.5x10⁻⁵ ng/μL and 2x10⁻⁵ ng/μL respectively. Present study indicated that the real-time PCR technique is a sensitive and rapid method for quantitative detection of its adulteration with cow milk and its authentication.

骆驼奶是独特的成分，具有各种营养和治疗特性。骆驼奶的特殊健康益处被掺假损害了其质量和有效性。本研究旨在建立一种基于实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）的方法，用于鉴别和定量检测混合在骆驼奶中的牛奶。DNA是从不同浓度的牛奶中提取的，从1%到100%的牛奶混合在骆驼奶样本中。采用常规PCR和实时PCR方法成功地扩增了针对细胞色素b基因片段的引物，显示了引物的特异性。骆驼奶中牛奶的检出限（LOD）在PCR和实时PCR分析中均为1%。牛、驼奶的定量限分别为1.5 × 10−5 ng/μL和2 × 10−5 ng/μL。本研究表明，实时荧光定量PCR技术是一种灵敏、快速的牛奶掺假定量检测方法。

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引用次数: 0

Gastrointestinal stability, antimicrobial retention, and gut microbiota modulation by bovine lactoferrin: An integrated in vitro and vivo study 牛乳铁蛋白的胃肠稳定性、抗菌滞留和肠道微生物群调节：一项综合的体外和体内研究

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106456

Nannan Wang , Tingting Cai , Xia Liu , Hua Chen , Wanping Zhu

Lactoferrin, a multifunctional glycoprotein, exhibits diverse biological activities including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, demonstrating significant potential for development in food and biomedical industries. However, the stability of lactoferrin in the gastrointestinal and its effect on gut microbiota have not been elucidated, which hindered its clinical translation. This study systematically investigated the degradation dynamics of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) under simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and acidic conditions via Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), while evaluating the antibacterial efficacy of its hydrolysates against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in vitro. Furthermore, degradation dynamics of bLF and modulation of gut microbiota were further investigated in vivo. BLF was rapidly degraded completely in SGF. The stability of bLF was affected by both protease activity and pH conditions, with pH exerting a dominant effect on degradation dynamics. Susceptible degradation of bLF occurred with increasing acidity, which was relatively stable at pH > 3, partially degraded at pH = 2, almost completely degraded at pH = 1, and proteases synergistically promote the degradation of bLF. Notably, hydrolysates of bLF retained potent antibacterial activity of H. pylori, the values of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were 1.25–2.5 mg/mL. In vivo bLF is significant degraded in the gastrointestinal after 0.5 h of administration and almost completely degraded after 1 h. In addition, gut microbiota analysis via 16s rRNA sequencing revealed no impact on Alpha diversity, but significant altered Beta diversity, with dynamic regulation the abundance of Bacteroides, which decreased at 7 d and increased at 14 d. These findings reveal the degradation characteristics of bLF, validates the antimicrobial potential of its hydrolysates, and highlights its bidirectional modulation of gut microbiota, which provide a scientific foundation for application of bLF in the field of functional food and medical treatment.

乳铁蛋白是一种多功能糖蛋白，具有多种生物活性，包括抗菌、抗炎和免疫调节等特性，在食品和生物医药行业具有重要的开发潜力。然而，乳铁蛋白在胃肠道中的稳定性及其对肠道微生物群的影响尚未阐明，这阻碍了其临床转化。本研究采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）技术，系统研究了牛乳铁蛋白（bLF）在模拟胃液（SGF）和酸性条件下的降解动态，同时评价了其水解产物对幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）的体外抗菌效果。此外，还进一步研究了bLF在体内的降解动力学和肠道菌群的调节。在SGF中，BLF被迅速完全降解。蛋白酶活性和pH条件共同影响bLF的稳定性，其中pH对降解动力学起主导作用。随着酸度的增加，bLF的敏感降解发生，pH = 3时相对稳定，pH = 2时部分降解，pH = 1时几乎完全降解，蛋白酶协同促进bLF的降解。值得注意的是，bLF水解产物对幽门螺杆菌具有较强的抑菌活性，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）为1.25 ~ 2.5 mg/mL。在体内，bLF在给药0.5 h后在胃肠道中显著降解，1 h后几乎完全降解。此外，通过16s rRNA测序的肠道微生物群分析显示，对α多样性没有影响，但β多样性显著改变，并动态调节拟杆菌的丰度，在7 d时减少，在14 d时增加。这些发现揭示了bLF的降解特性，验证了其水解产物的抗菌潜力。并强调其对肠道菌群的双向调节作用，为其在功能食品和医疗领域的应用提供科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of milk heat treatment on bioactive components of dairy milk 牛奶热处理对牛奶生物活性成分的影响

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106455

Xueqing Chen , Le Xu , Qinqin Qiao , Yufeng Du , Yangdong Zhang , Jianping Wu , Qingbiao Xu

Milk contains numerous bioactive components contributing to its health benefits. As raw milk undergoes processing, the impact of heat treatments on bioactive substances is crucial. This review outlines milk components with their bioactive functions, summarizes common milk thermal processing methods, including LTLT, HTST, and UHT pasteurization. It further compares changes in their activity under different heat treatments. Providing a theoretical basis for developing functional dairy products. Additionally, novel milk processing techniques such as microwave heating, ultra-high pressure homogenization, and turbulent-flow ultraviolet treatment are introduced. The findings indicate that heat treatment causes denaturation of proteins and enzymes, while UHT processing damages milk fat, in contrast to pasteurization, which shows no significant effect. Compared to other methods, pasteurization induces less damage to bioactive substances in dairy products.

牛奶含有许多有益健康的生物活性成分。由于原料奶经过加工，热处理对生物活性物质的影响是至关重要的。本文综述了牛奶成分及其生物活性，总结了常用的牛奶热处理方法，包括LTLT、HTST和UHT巴氏杀菌。进一步比较了它们在不同热处理条件下活性的变化。为开发功能性乳制品提供理论依据。此外，还介绍了新的牛奶加工技术，如微波加热、超高压均质和湍流紫外线处理。研究结果表明，热处理会导致蛋白质和酶变性，而UHT处理会损害乳脂，而巴氏灭菌则没有明显的影响。与其他方法相比，巴氏灭菌法对乳制品中生物活性物质的损害较小。

引用次数: 0

Exploring the multifaceted potential of goat milk: Nutritional, processing, and commercial applications 探索羊奶的多方面潜力：营养、加工和商业应用

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106447

Shubham Mishra , Sudhanshu Kannaujia , Aryama Dipt , Shalini Singh , Sunil Meena , Raj Kumar Duary , Kamalesh Kumar Meena

Goat milk (GM) is gaining attention as a nutritious, functional alternative to cow milk. This review explores the nutritional composition, processing technologies, and commercial potential. GM offers high digestibility, balanced protein and fat content, and a rich micronutrient profile, along with functional properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects. Breed variations influencing quality are discussed, as well as traditional and innovative processing methods. Emerging nonthermal technologies like high-pressure processing, ultrasonication, and membrane filtration to enhance product quality, safety, and shelf life. The growing global market for GM-based products, including cheese, yogurt, and infant formula, is examined, with an emphasis on value-added options addressing specific health needs. Rising health awareness and demand for functional dairy alternatives are driving expansion in India and worldwide. This review highlights the need for further research to optimize the nutritional and industrial applications of GM, positioning it as a promising component of the evolving global dairy sector.

羊奶（转基因）作为一种营养丰富、功能完善的牛奶替代品正受到人们的关注。本文综述了其营养成分、加工技术和商业潜力。转基因食品具有高消化率、均衡的蛋白质和脂肪含量、丰富的微量营养素，以及抗氧化、抗菌和抗炎等功能特性。讨论了品种变异对质量的影响，以及传统和创新的加工方法。新兴的非热技术，如高压处理、超声波和膜过滤，以提高产品质量、安全性和保质期。研究了包括奶酪、酸奶和婴儿配方奶粉在内的转基因产品日益增长的全球市场，重点是解决特定健康需求的增值选择。不断提高的健康意识和对功能性乳制品替代品的需求正在推动印度和全球的扩张。这篇综述强调需要进一步研究以优化转基因的营养和工业应用，并将其定位为不断发展的全球乳制品行业的一个有前途的组成部分。

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引用次数: 0

Milk-derived Extracellular Vesicles: Tiny Messengers with Big Impacts on Human Health 乳源性细胞外囊泡：对人体健康有重大影响的微小信使

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106452

Sepideh Zununi Vahed , Bahram Pourghassem Gargari , Jaleh Barar , Seyyedeh Mina Hejazian , Mohammadreza Ardalan , Yalda Rahbar Saadat

Beyond its nutritional value, milk serves as a sophisticated signaling medium that promotes postnatal health through bioactive extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes. These membrane-bound particles, present in both human and animal milk, are critically involved in immune modulation and intercellular communication through transferring a diverse array of molecular components, including proteins, antigens, lipids, metabolites, various RNAs, and DNA fragments. Recent studies highlight their therapeutic potential in preventing and managing different conditions. Additionally, EVs show promise as vehicles for targeted drug delivery, enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Despite their potential, challenges persist in standardizing isolation methods and conducting large-scale clinical studies. This review explores state-of-the-art research on milk-derived EVs, emphasizing their benefits for human health and future directions for clinical translation.

除了其营养价值，牛奶还作为一种复杂的信号介质，通过生物活性的细胞外囊泡(ev)/外泌体促进产后健康。这些膜结合颗粒存在于人和动物的牛奶中，通过传递多种分子成分（包括蛋白质、抗原、脂质、代谢物、各种rna和DNA片段），在免疫调节和细胞间通讯中起着至关重要的作用。最近的研究强调了它们在预防和管理不同疾病方面的治疗潜力。此外，电动汽车有望作为靶向药物递送的载体，提高治疗效果。尽管它们具有潜力，但在使分离方法标准化和开展大规模临床研究方面仍然存在挑战。本文综述了乳源性ev的最新研究，强调了其对人类健康的益处和临床转化的未来方向。

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Comprehensive characterization of butter fermented with region-specific starter cultures 区域特定发酵剂发酵黄油的综合特性

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106453

Melike Ciniviz, Lutfiye Yilmaz-Ersan

This study investigated the strain-dependent effects of co-culturing region-specific Lactobacillaceae (L. casei, L. paracasei, and L. rhamnosus) with a conventional starter on the techno-functional properties of butter during storage. The incorporation of L. paracasei enhanced Lactobacillaceae viability on MRS agar (8.27 log CFU g⁻¹; p < 0.01), suppressed yeast-mold growth (1.29 log CFU g⁻¹; p < 0.01), and yielded the highest whiteness index (82.48; p < 0.01). L. rhamnosus was characterized by the highest firmness (6130.23 g; p < 0.01) and adhesiveness (−1807.87 g s; p < 0.01) values. Sensory analysis revealed that L. paracasei promoted creaminess and brightness, while L. rhamnosus enriched mouthfeel and sweetness perception. The experimental design involved examining the quality characteristics of butter samples inoculated with autochthonous strains, as well as a traditional starter culture, at various storage days (1st, 30th, 60th, and 90th day). The findings revealed strain-specific technological-functional and sensory improvements, demonstrating that autochthonous strains hold promising potential for the development of value-added butter products.

本研究研究了区域特异性乳酸菌科（干酪乳杆菌科、副干酪乳杆菌科和鼠李糖乳杆菌科）与常规发酵剂共培养对黄油储存过程中技术功能特性的菌株依赖效应。副干酪乳杆菌的掺入提高了MRS琼脂上乳酸杆菌科的活力（8.27 log CFU g−1;p < 0.01），抑制了酵母菌的生长（1.29 log CFU g−1;p < 0.01），并产生了最高的白度指数（82.48;p < 0.01）。鼠李糖的硬度（6130.23 g; p < 0.01）和粘附性（- 1807.87 g s; p < 0.01）值最高。感官分析结果表明，副干酪乳杆菌能提高乳脂和亮度，而鼠李糖则能增强口感和甜味。实验设计包括检测接种了本地菌株和传统发酵剂的黄油样品在不同储存天数（第1天、第30天、第60天和第90天）的质量特性。这些发现揭示了菌株特异性的技术功能和感官改进，表明本土菌株在开发增值黄油产品方面具有很大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Identification of caseinophosphopeptides generated through in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion of Beaufort cheese” [Int. Dairy J. 129–134, 0958–6946] “通过体外胃肠道消化博福特奶酪产生的酪蛋白磷酸肽的鉴定”的勘误表[j]。[j] .农业科学与技术，2009,29 - 29。

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106423

Isabelle Adt , Coralie Dupas , Rachel Boutrou , Samia Dhahri , Nadia Oulahal , Claude Noel , Daniel Mollé , Thierry Jouvet , Pascal Degraeve

引用次数: 0

Milk fermented with Limosilactobacillus fermentum LBF 433 and Lacticaseibacillus casei LBC 237 in co-culture as a source of safe anti-inflammatory peptides: From peptidomics to in vivo immune effects 用发酵乳酸杆菌LBF 433和干酪乳杆菌LBC 237共同培养发酵的牛奶作为安全抗炎肽的来源：从肽组学到体内免疫效应

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106450

Emyr Hiago Bellaver , Ingrid Militão da Costa , Eduarda Eliza Redin , Liziane Schittler Moroni , Larissa Cunico , Larissa Elen Hirt Bourckhardt , Bruno Giorgio de Oliveira Cécere , Aleksandro Schafer da Silva , Aniela Pinto Kempka

This study investigated the generation of anti-inflammatory bioactive peptides through whole milk fermentation using a co-culture of L. casei LBC 237 and L. fermentum LBF 433. A total of 730 peptides were identified by NanoLC-MS/MS and analyzed through peptidomics and in silico screening. Physicochemical parameters such as molecular weight, hydrophobicity, isoelectric point, and residue composition were assessed, revealing that peptides ranging from 971.09 to 1835.19 Da with moderate hydrophobicity (∼50 %) shared structural similarities with selective COX-2 inhibitors. Terminal analysis showed a predominance of hydrophobic residues at the N-terminal and basic residues at the C-terminal, suggesting favorable conformations for COX-2 binding. Ten peptides were prioritized based on predicted anti-inflammatory activity and safety, including in silico predictions of toxicity, hemolytic potential, and allergenicity. These candidates were evaluated through molecular docking against two structural models of human COX-2 (active and aspirin-acetylated forms). Six peptides demonstrated interactions with key catalytic residues (Arg120, Tyr355, Tyr385, Ser530) in the unbound conformation, suggesting potential for competitive inhibition. In vivo assays in dogs and cats showed significant increases in serum IgA and IgG levels without hematological or biochemical alterations, supporting the overall safety and immunomodulatory potential of the fermented product in mammalian models. These findings provide a basis for future in vitro and clinical studies to assess its translational relevance. The integration of in silico and in vivo analyses underscores the potential of LAB-fermented milk as a natural source of anti-inflammatory peptides.

本研究采用干酪乳杆菌LBC 237和发酵乳杆菌LBF 433共培养的方法，对全脂乳发酵产生抗炎活性肽进行了研究。通过NanoLC-MS/MS鉴定了730个肽段，并通过肽组学和硅筛选对其进行了分析。对分子量、疏水性、等电点和残基组成等理化参数进行了评估，结果显示，在971.09 - 1835.19 Da范围内具有中等疏水性（~ 50%）的肽与选择性COX-2抑制剂具有结构相似性。末端分析显示，n端以疏水残基为主，c端以碱性残基为主，表明其构象有利于COX-2的结合。根据预测的抗炎活性和安全性，包括毒性、溶血潜能和致敏性的计算机预测，对10种肽进行了优先排序。这些候选物通过分子对接对人类COX-2的两种结构模型（活性和阿司匹林乙酰化形式）进行评估。6种多肽与未结合构象中的关键催化残基（Arg120, Tyr355, Tyr385, Ser530）相互作用，表明可能存在竞争性抑制作用。对狗和猫的体内实验显示，血清IgA和IgG水平显著升高，没有血液学或生化改变，这支持了发酵产品在哺乳动物模型中的总体安全性和免疫调节潜力。这些发现为未来的体外和临床研究提供了基础，以评估其翻译相关性。硅和体内分析的整合强调了实验室发酵乳作为抗炎肽天然来源的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Unique miRNAs of bovine milk extracellular vesicles and their plausible role in regulating intricate pathways of milk consumers: A bioinformatics study 牛奶细胞外囊泡的独特mirna及其在调节牛奶消费者复杂途径中的合理作用：一项生物信息学研究

IF 3.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Dairy Journal

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2025.106451

Priyanka Goyal, Mansi Joshi, Roshan Mohiddin, Suneel Kumar Onteru, Dheer Singh

Over the years, tiny vesicles or extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bovine milk have procured significant recognition for their potential role in intercellular communication and therapeutics, strengthened by the presence of regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) as their cargo molecules. These miRNAs can enter the milk consumer's or human body via EVs that protect them from degradation, potentially influencing their genes and cellular pathways affecting immunity, metabolism, or even disease processes. However, till date, none of the reports have specifically mentioned any bovine milk EVs-specific miRNAs and their plausible role in cross-species communication. In this study, we discovered 12 miRNAs unique to bovine milk EVs using a computational approach, and the selected miRNAs were found to affect 1933 human genes that are enriched in pathways linked to diseases like cancer. Likewise, the enrichment analysis of distinct clusters identified by the PPI network highlights the therapeutic importance of these unique miRNAs in cancer, inflammatory diseases, neurological disorders, and immunodeficiencies. Network analysis also identified key hub targets linked to pathways like HIF-1 signaling, cancer, etc. The findings suggest that the identified miRNAs and various biological pathways being regulated by them could provide valuable insights into the potential physiological functionality of bovine milk EVs and ultimately bovine milk in humans. Furthermore, the study provides a robust framework for future experimental studies to explore the effect of milk EVs on various pathophysiological processes in humans or milk consumers.

多年来，来自牛奶的微小囊泡或细胞外囊泡（ev）因其在细胞间通讯和治疗中的潜在作用而获得了重要的认可，并因其作为货物分子的调节性microrna （mirna）的存在而得到加强。这些mirna可以通过ev进入牛奶消费者或人体，从而保护它们免受降解，潜在地影响它们的基因和影响免疫、代谢甚至疾病过程的细胞途径。然而，到目前为止，没有一篇报道特别提到任何牛奶ev特异性mirna及其在跨物种交流中的合理作用。在这项研究中，我们使用计算方法发现了牛乳ev特有的12种mirna，并发现所选择的mirna影响1933种人类基因，这些基因在与癌症等疾病相关的途径中富集。同样，由PPI网络识别的不同簇的富集分析强调了这些独特的mirna在癌症、炎症性疾病、神经系统疾病和免疫缺陷中的治疗重要性。网络分析还确定了与HIF-1信号、癌症等通路相关的关键枢纽靶点。研究结果表明，鉴定出的mirna及其调控的各种生物学途径可以为了解牛奶ev的潜在生理功能以及最终对人类牛奶的潜在生理功能提供有价值的见解。此外，该研究为未来的实验研究提供了一个强有力的框架，以探索牛奶ev对人类或牛奶消费者各种病理生理过程的影响。

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引用次数: 0