International Journal of Analytical Chemistry最新文献

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/9694425.].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/5415922.].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2023/2587551.].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/7207020.].

A topological index is a real number that is obtained from a chemical graph's structure. Determining the physiochemical and biological characteristics of a variety of medications is useful since it more accurately represents the theoretical characteristics of organic molecules. This is accomplished using degree-based topological indices. The QSPR research has improved the structural understanding of the physiochemical properties of fungicides. Thirteen fungicides are examined for some of their physiochemical properties, and a QSPR model is built using nine of the drugs' topological indices. Here, we examine the degree to which the topological indices and physiochemical attributes are connected. To do this, we create networks connecting each of the topological indices to the properties of fungicides and computationally construct topological indices of the drugs mentioned above. According to this QSPR model, the melting point, boiling point, flash point, complexity, surface tension, etc. of fungicides are strongly connected. It was discovered that the topological indices (TIs) applied to the fungicides more accurately represent their theoretical features and show a strong correlation with their physical attributes.

Water is essential for daily activities and maintaining human well-being. However, in many less-developed countries, including Ethiopia, the lack of a well-developed wastewater treatment system leads to contaminated surface water. This poses significant risks to human health. To address this problem, wastewater can be treated using locally available materials such as wood ash and cement as chemical coagulants. The objective of this study was to treat wastewater using these materials. The study involved analyzing a 20-liter sample of wastewater from the Awetu River in Jimma City, Ethiopia. The materials used for the treatment included wood ash, cement, and lemon. Various doses of cement and wood ash were prepared and added to the wastewater. The results showed that 5 g was the optimum dosage for effectively treating the wastewater. The treated water at the optimum dosage exhibited significant improvements in turbidity, total dissolved solids, conductivity, and color, meeting drinking water criteria. Overall, the study concludes that locally available materials such as wood ash and cement can be successfully utilized as chemical coagulants for wastewater treatment. This approach offers a viable solution for improving water quality and reducing the risk of waterborne diseases.

In this study, a simple, inexpensive, selective, and fast salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) technique coupled with high-pressure liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was developed for the extraction, preconcentration, and analysis of trace level seven multiclass pesticide residues in pasteurized and raw cow milk samples. The significant factors that affect the extent to which the target analytes are extracted, such as the type of extraction solvent and its volume, the type and concentration of salting-out salts, the pH of the solution, and the extraction time, have been investigated. Under optimum conditions, the correlation coefficient (r²) was obtained within a range of 0.9982-0.9997 for a broad linear range concentration of 2-1500 ng·mL^-1. Reliable sensitivity was achieved with limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) ranging from 0.58-2.56 ng·mL^-1 and 1.95-8.51 ng·mL^-1, respectively. While precision with interday and intraday in terms of relative standard deviations (RSDs) was observed in the range of 1.97 - 7.88% and 4.52 - 8.04%, respectively. The results of the precision studies reveal that good repeatability and reproducibility (RSDs <9) were achieved, thus showing a low variability extraction of the developed method. Finally, the proposed and validated approach was effectively used to extract and determine pesticide residues in real milk matrices; however, the target analytes were not detected in all samples.

Uterine adenosarcoma (UA) is an uncommon mixed tumor containing a benign to at most mildly atypical epithelial component and a sarcoma-like stroma, usually a low-grade, stromal component, with rare heterogeneous elements. Currently, tumor etiology is largely unknown. To better understand the gene mutations in UA, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology analysis was performed. This study showed that two low-grade UAs with heterologous components had ATRX gene frameshift mutation, and one patient had a MED12 missense mutation. Copy number amplification genes were mainly observed on chromosome 12q^13-15. In this study, PIK3/AKT/PTEN pathway mutations were found to be common in adenosarcoma. In addition, a rare BCORL1-PRR14L fusion mutation was also identified. These findings provide a basis for future research into these molecular changes in tumorigenesis and targeted therapy.

An ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of tenacissoside G, tenacissoside H, and tenacissoside I in rat plasma. The rat plasma was treated with liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate. The determination was performed on the UPLC HSS T3 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1% formic acid) and gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Electrospray (ESI) positive ion mode detection and multireaction monitoring (MRM) quantitative analysis were performed. A total of 36 rats were given tenacissoside G, tenacissoside H, and tenacissoside I, respectively, orally (5 mg/kg) and intravenously (1 mg/kg), with 6 rats in each group, to evaluate the pharmacokinetic difference of tenacissoside G, tenacissoside H, and tenacissoside I in rats. The calibration curves showed good linearity in the range of 5-2000 ng/mL, where r was greater than 0.99. The results of precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability met the requirements of biological sample detection methods. The established UPLC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of tenacissoside G, tenacissoside H, and tenacissoside I, and the bioavailability was 22.9%, 89.8%, and 9.4%, respectively.

Secondary metabolites are hidden gems in mushrooms. Understanding these secondary metabolites' biological and pharmacological effects can be aided by identifying them. The purpose of this work was to profile the mycochemical components of the extracts of Auricularia auricula judae, Microporus xanthopus, Termitomyces umkowaani, Trametes elegans, and Trametes versicolor to comprehend their biological and pharmacological capabilities. Mushroom samples were collected from Kenya's Arabuko-Sokoke and Kakamega National Reserved Forests and identified using morphological and molecular techniques. Chloroform, 70% ethanol, and hot water solvents were used to extract the mycochemical components. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the chloroform, 70% ethanol, and hot water extracts of all the species examined. A total of 51 compounds were isolated from all extracts and classified as carboxylic acids, esters, phenols, fatty acids, alcohol, epoxides, aldehydes, fatty aldehydes, isoprenoid lipids, and steroids. Tetracosamethyl-cyclododecasiloxane (18.90%), oleic acid (72.90%), phenol, 2, 6-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-, and methylcarbamate (26.56%) were all found in high concentrations in A. auricular judae, M. xanthopus, T. umkowaani, T. elegans, and T. versicolor, respectively. Fatty acids make up the majority of the compounds isolated from the T. elegans chloroform extract and the T. umkowaani 70% ethanol extract, respectively. Particularly, these fatty acids play crucial roles in the anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, anticancer, and antibiofilm formation activities. These bioactive elements indicate that the extracts of five wild mushrooms may be reliable sources of secondary metabolites for therapeutic development. Therefore, additional research is required to comprehend the usefulness of these chemicals in many functional areas and to improve the present understanding of macrofungi.