Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.14419/ijpt.v10i1.32086
Afaf A. Afify, Z. Hassan, Nehal M. Abd El-Mageed, A. El-Mahmoudy
Hyperlipidemia is an umbrella term that refers to any disorder of elevated level of lipids circulating in the blood; and is considered the most significant risk factor contributing to the prevalence of cardiovascular, hepatic, and other diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible antihyperlipidemic potential Punica granatum mesocarp extract (PGME) in albino rats using high-fat diet model of hyperlipidemia. Forty-two albino rats were utilized in this experiment arranged randomly in seven groups, six rats each, of different treatments. Hyperlipidemia model was induced by incorporating coconut oil (1.5% w/w) and cholesterol (1.5 % w/w) in diet supplied to rats, for 6 weeks (+ve control); test group rats received PGME at escalating doses of 100 or 200 mg/kg, orally, daily for 6 weeks with keeping on high-fat diet; standard group rats received Rosuvastatin at dose of 2 mg/kg, orally, daily for 6 weeks along with high-fat diet; further 2 groups of rats received only PGME at the same dose levels with keeping on normal diet; while rats of -ve control group received only the vehicles of the used agents. Blood samples were picked out at the end of the experimental course for different assays. Clinicochemical analyses revealed that PGME exhibited dose-dependent protection against hyperlipidemia indicated by improved biomarkers, including, lipid profile parameters, namely cholesterol, triacylglycerols and lipoproteins; enzymatic hepatic parameters, namely, AST, ALT, and GGT; and non-enzymatic parameters, namely, total protein, albumin, globulins, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin. The mechanism of the obtained lipid profile improvement of PGME may be based on the phytochemical principals Tannins, Phenolics and Flavonoids, indicated by preliminary detection tests. Data of the present study may suggest PGME as a good natural source for promising antihyperlipidemic remedies. Â
{"title":"Antihyperlipidemic effect of Punica granatum mesocarp extract (PGME) in rats","authors":"Afaf A. Afify, Z. Hassan, Nehal M. Abd El-Mageed, A. El-Mahmoudy","doi":"10.14419/ijpt.v10i1.32086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v10i1.32086","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperlipidemia is an umbrella term that refers to any disorder of elevated level of lipids circulating in the blood; and is considered the most significant risk factor contributing to the prevalence of cardiovascular, hepatic, and other diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible antihyperlipidemic potential Punica granatum mesocarp extract (PGME) in albino rats using high-fat diet model of hyperlipidemia. Forty-two albino rats were utilized in this experiment arranged randomly in seven groups, six rats each, of different treatments. Hyperlipidemia model was induced by incorporating coconut oil (1.5% w/w) and cholesterol (1.5 % w/w) in diet supplied to rats, for 6 weeks (+ve control); test group rats received PGME at escalating doses of 100 or 200 mg/kg, orally, daily for 6 weeks with keeping on high-fat diet; standard group rats received Rosuvastatin at dose of 2 mg/kg, orally, daily for 6 weeks along with high-fat diet; further 2 groups of rats received only PGME at the same dose levels with keeping on normal diet; while rats of -ve control group received only the vehicles of the used agents. Blood samples were picked out at the end of the experimental course for different assays. Clinicochemical analyses revealed that PGME exhibited dose-dependent protection against hyperlipidemia indicated by improved biomarkers, including, lipid profile parameters, namely cholesterol, triacylglycerols and lipoproteins; enzymatic hepatic parameters, namely, AST, ALT, and GGT; and non-enzymatic parameters, namely, total protein, albumin, globulins, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin. The mechanism of the obtained lipid profile improvement of PGME may be based on the phytochemical principals Tannins, Phenolics and Flavonoids, indicated by preliminary detection tests. Data of the present study may suggest PGME as a good natural source for promising antihyperlipidemic remedies.  ","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73068973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-02DOI: 10.14419/ijpt.v10i1.31908
Hanan Sabry Abd El-Shafi Ahmed, Ashraf A. A.Elkomy, Enas A.H. Farag
Background: Ciprofloxacin increased the production of reactive oxygen species, As a result of its intracellular accumulation, which leads to extracellular membrane damage, resulting in the release of apoptotic components into the bloodstream, a condition known as apoptosis.Objective: The goal of this study is to investigate the protective effect of pumpkin seeds oil (PSO), a well-known natural antioxidant against Ciprofloxacin-induced liver and kidney impairment (CPFX[i]).Material and methods: Forty-Four male albino rats weighing approximately 180–200 gm were formed. (n = 10): (1) control saline, (2) PSO [ii] (4ml/kg/day orally for 4 weeks), (3) CPFX (80mg/kg/day orally for 2 weeks), and (4) PSO (4ml/kg/day orally for 4 weeks) + CPFX (80mg/kg/day orally for 2 weeks), starting on the first day of the third week. Finally, Serum and tissue specimens are collected at the conclusion of the experiment for biochemical and histopathological examination. Results: It ended up being found in the CPFX-treated group. ALT [iii], AST [iv], and TNFα[v] levels were all significantly elevated in the serum. While this medication reduced the hepatocellular content of GSH [vi], it increased the tissue content of MDA [vii], which clearly shows oxidative stress Reduced BCL2[viii] levels also indicate the presence of apoptosis. CPFX causes an increase in kidney-specific markers such as creatinine and urea, indicating kidney disease. When PSO was combined with CPFX BAX [ix], MDA, AST, ALT, and TNFα levels were considerably reduced, while GSH and BCL2 levels increased, indicating that PSO has antioxidant action and reduces apoptosis. Additionally, the renal function parameters improved, as seen by lower serum creatinine and urea levels.Conclusion: In rats, employing PSO as a concurrent prophylactic therapy while administering CPFX effectively reduced CPFX-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic damage. PSO could be used as a preventive medication to prevent CPFX-induced cellular damage to the kidneys and liver.  Â
背景:环丙沙星增加活性氧的产生，由于其在细胞内积聚，导致胞外膜损伤，导致凋亡成分释放到血液中，这种情况称为细胞凋亡。目的:探讨南瓜籽油(PSO)对环丙沙星所致肝肾损害(CPFX)的保护作用[i]。材料与方法:取体重约180 ~ 200gm的雄性白化大鼠44只。(n = 10):(1)对照生理盐水，(2)PSO [ii] (4ml/kg/天口服，持续4周)，(3)CPFX (80mg/kg/天口服，持续2周)，(4)PSO (4ml/kg/天口服，持续4周)+ CPFX (80mg/kg/天口服，持续2周)，从第三周第一天开始。最后，在实验结束时采集血清和组织标本进行生化和组织病理学检查。结果:cpfx治疗组均有出现。血清ALT [iii]、AST [iv]、TNFα[v]水平均显著升高。该药物在降低肝细胞GSH含量[vi]的同时，增加了组织MDA含量[vii]，这清楚地表明氧化应激降低的BCL2[viii]水平也表明细胞凋亡的存在。CPFX引起肾脏特异性标志物如肌酐和尿素的增加，表明肾脏疾病。当PSO联合CPFX BAX [ix]时，MDA、AST、ALT和TNFα水平明显降低，GSH和BCL2水平升高，表明PSO具有抗氧化作用，减少细胞凋亡。此外，肾功能参数得到改善，如血清肌酐和尿素水平降低。结论:大鼠在给予CPFX的同时采用PSO进行预防治疗，可有效降低CPFX诱导的氧化应激和细胞凋亡损伤。PSO可作为预防药物，预防cpfx引起的肾、肝细胞损伤。  Â
{"title":"Evaluating the protective impact of pumpkin seeds oil against ciprofloxacin induced hepatorenal toxicity in the male albino rats","authors":"Hanan Sabry Abd El-Shafi Ahmed, Ashraf A. A.Elkomy, Enas A.H. Farag","doi":"10.14419/ijpt.v10i1.31908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v10i1.31908","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ciprofloxacin increased the production of reactive oxygen species, As a result of its intracellular accumulation, which leads to extracellular membrane damage, resulting in the release of apoptotic components into the bloodstream, a condition known as apoptosis.Objective: The goal of this study is to investigate the protective effect of pumpkin seeds oil (PSO), a well-known natural antioxidant against Ciprofloxacin-induced liver and kidney impairment (CPFX[i]).Material and methods: Forty-Four male albino rats weighing approximately 180–200 gm were formed. (n = 10): (1) control saline, (2) PSO [ii] (4ml/kg/day orally for 4 weeks), (3) CPFX (80mg/kg/day orally for 2 weeks), and (4) PSO (4ml/kg/day orally for 4 weeks) + CPFX (80mg/kg/day orally for 2 weeks), starting on the first day of the third week. Finally, Serum and tissue specimens are collected at the conclusion of the experiment for biochemical and histopathological examination. Results: It ended up being found in the CPFX-treated group. ALT [iii], AST [iv], and TNFα[v] levels were all significantly elevated in the serum. While this medication reduced the hepatocellular content of GSH [vi], it increased the tissue content of MDA [vii], which clearly shows oxidative stress Reduced BCL2[viii] levels also indicate the presence of apoptosis. CPFX causes an increase in kidney-specific markers such as creatinine and urea, indicating kidney disease. When PSO was combined with CPFX BAX [ix], MDA, AST, ALT, and TNFα levels were considerably reduced, while GSH and BCL2 levels increased, indicating that PSO has antioxidant action and reduces apoptosis. Additionally, the renal function parameters improved, as seen by lower serum creatinine and urea levels.Conclusion: In rats, employing PSO as a concurrent prophylactic therapy while administering CPFX effectively reduced CPFX-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic damage. PSO could be used as a preventive medication to prevent CPFX-induced cellular damage to the kidneys and liver.   ","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77280969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-18DOI: 10.14419/ijpt.v9i2.31687
Fatma Ehgendy, Rania M. Waheed, S. Ibrahim, E. Said, F. Elsayed
The following study aimed to investigate the hepato and neuro protective efficacy of Lycopine against Cisplatin which induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Twenty Five male Wister rats were used for this experiment they were equally divided into 5 groups (5 rats per group): group (1) served as control group they were injected 1ml saline orally once daily for 20 day, group (2) served as Corn Oil group and they were administrated 1 mL Corn Oil orally once daily for 20 days, group (3) served as Lycopine group and they were administrated (10 mg/kg b.wt) Lycopine orally once daily for 20 days. , group (4) served as Cisplatin treated group and they were injected (6 mg/kg b.wt.) intrapertonialy once at day 10 of experiment and group (5) Lycopine+Cisplatin group and were administrated 10 mg/kg b.wt Lycopine orally once daily for 20 days and injected 6 mg/kg b.wt.) intraperitonialy once at day 10 . Result revealed that Cisplatin induced liver damage indicated by significant increase in liver biomarkers ALP, AlT, AST along with significant decrease in albumin, Moreover marked increase increase in tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA) and Total antioxidant(TAC) and reduce tissue Glutathione reductase(GSH),that indicated oxidative stress Also results revealed up regulation IL-6 and down regulation IL-10 in liver and brain tissue in compared to control group . However, interestingly concurrent adminsteration of the Lycopine orally at dose level of 10mg/kg b.wt for 20 days with Cisplatin can mitigate these toxic effects caused by Cisplatin.So it is concluded that the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of Lycopine moderate the Cisplatin-induced hepato and neurotoxicity.
{"title":"Ameilorative effect of lycopine against cisplatin toxicity in rats","authors":"Fatma Ehgendy, Rania M. Waheed, S. Ibrahim, E. Said, F. Elsayed","doi":"10.14419/ijpt.v9i2.31687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v9i2.31687","url":null,"abstract":"The following study aimed to investigate the hepato and neuro protective efficacy of Lycopine against Cisplatin which induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Twenty Five male Wister rats were used for this experiment they were equally divided into 5 groups (5 rats per group): group (1) served as control group they were injected 1ml saline orally once daily for 20 day, group (2) served as Corn Oil group and they were administrated 1 mL Corn Oil orally once daily for 20 days, group (3) served as Lycopine group and they were administrated (10 mg/kg b.wt) Lycopine orally once daily for 20 days. , group (4) served as Cisplatin treated group and they were injected (6 mg/kg b.wt.) intrapertonialy once at day 10 of experiment and group (5) Lycopine+Cisplatin group and were administrated 10 mg/kg b.wt Lycopine orally once daily for 20 days and injected 6 mg/kg b.wt.) intraperitonialy once at day 10 . Result revealed that Cisplatin induced liver damage indicated by significant increase in liver biomarkers ALP, AlT, AST along with significant decrease in albumin, Moreover marked increase increase in tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA) and Total antioxidant(TAC) and reduce tissue Glutathione reductase(GSH),that indicated oxidative stress Also results revealed up regulation IL-6 and down regulation IL-10 in liver and brain tissue in compared to control group . However, interestingly concurrent adminsteration of the Lycopine orally at dose level of 10mg/kg b.wt for 20 days with Cisplatin can mitigate these toxic effects caused by Cisplatin.So it is concluded that the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of Lycopine moderate the Cisplatin-induced hepato and neurotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84710517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-24DOI: 10.14419/IJPT.V9I2.31605
L. M. Miguel, Archange Emmanuel Mboungou Malonga, Didier Gesril Njilo Tchatchouang, Childérick Lékana, C. R. Dobhat-Doukakini, Emmanuel Grace Nkounkou Matondo, Ruphin Bertrand Bolanga, D. Moukassa, A. Abena
Background: the influence of VPA on murine fertility, and on offspring is well documented: VPA decreases the fertility rate (by 25%) and the number of fœtus. Furthermore, VPA causes behavioral alterations in rodents similar to the symptoms observed in autism.Objective: in this study we investigated the effects of exposure of non-pregnant adult rats to VPA in the offspring of these animals.Material and methods: non-pregnant adult rats were divided into 3 groups; (1) distilled water group, (2) VPA 200 mg / kg group and (3) VPA 400 mg/kg group. The products were administered orally daily for 30 days. At the end of treatments, all rats were put into monogamous mating with breeding males. The zootechnical characteristics (gestation period, litter size, mortality rate) were then noted. The young rats were then subjected to a battery of behavioral tests (reversal and anti-gravity reflexes, cliff avoidance, suspension, motor coordination and eye opening), carried out at different stages of life to assess sensorimotor development. Morphological abnormalities were also sought, as well as the mortality rate on the 28th day of life.Results: An increase in the mortality rate and a decrease in the mean lifespan were found in female rats exposed to VPA. Young rats from female rats exposed to VPA showed decreased success rates and performance in behavioral testing. Morphodevelopmental abnormalities such as adictalia or stump necrosis were found in the VPA groups. The offspring mortality rate of female rats exposed to VPA 200 mg/kg was 100%.Conclusion: VPA administered to non-pregnant adult rats causes developmental abnormalities, decreased success rates for performance testing, deformities and increased mortality in young rats from the treated rats by VPA.
{"title":"Early Neurodevelopmental Anomalies in Young Rats from Adult female Treated with Valproic Acid","authors":"L. M. Miguel, Archange Emmanuel Mboungou Malonga, Didier Gesril Njilo Tchatchouang, Childérick Lékana, C. R. Dobhat-Doukakini, Emmanuel Grace Nkounkou Matondo, Ruphin Bertrand Bolanga, D. Moukassa, A. Abena","doi":"10.14419/IJPT.V9I2.31605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJPT.V9I2.31605","url":null,"abstract":"Background: the influence of VPA on murine fertility, and on offspring is well documented: VPA decreases the fertility rate (by 25%) and the number of fœtus. Furthermore, VPA causes behavioral alterations in rodents similar to the symptoms observed in autism.Objective: in this study we investigated the effects of exposure of non-pregnant adult rats to VPA in the offspring of these animals.Material and methods: non-pregnant adult rats were divided into 3 groups; (1) distilled water group, (2) VPA 200 mg / kg group and (3) VPA 400 mg/kg group. The products were administered orally daily for 30 days. At the end of treatments, all rats were put into monogamous mating with breeding males. The zootechnical characteristics (gestation period, litter size, mortality rate) were then noted. The young rats were then subjected to a battery of behavioral tests (reversal and anti-gravity reflexes, cliff avoidance, suspension, motor coordination and eye opening), carried out at different stages of life to assess sensorimotor development. Morphological abnormalities were also sought, as well as the mortality rate on the 28th day of life.Results: An increase in the mortality rate and a decrease in the mean lifespan were found in female rats exposed to VPA. Young rats from female rats exposed to VPA showed decreased success rates and performance in behavioral testing. Morphodevelopmental abnormalities such as adictalia or stump necrosis were found in the VPA groups. The offspring mortality rate of female rats exposed to VPA 200 mg/kg was 100%.Conclusion: VPA administered to non-pregnant adult rats causes developmental abnormalities, decreased success rates for performance testing, deformities and increased mortality in young rats from the treated rats by VPA. ","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79549173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-11DOI: 10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31574
Marwa Kamel O. I., Ashraf A. A. El-Komy, Enas A. A. Farag
The aim of this research was to study the effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotic, phytobiotics and their mixture on kidney functions, some blood parameters and histological criteria of broilers. A total of 200 broiler chicks were randomly chosen and divided into eight groups (25 birds in each). The first four groups were unvaccinated chicken which received a basal diet (group 1) or the same diet supplemented with 1g synobiotic /kg body weight (group 2), 1g phytobiotic /kg body weight (group 3) and 1g synobiotic plus 1g phytobiotic/kg body weight (group 4). The second four groups were vaccinated chicken and fed the same previous treatments with groups 5, 6, 7 and 8, respectively. Therapeutic dose of synobiotic and phytobiotic or their mixture (1ml/ kg. body weight) orally for 3 successive days tended to decrease uric acid and creatinine in unvaccinated and vaccinated chicken at 7, 14 and 21 day. In this study uric acid and creatinine levels resulted in decrease, showing a significant improvement of kidney functions . Some different parameters of blood and histological criteria showed normal measurements with no adverse effect of treatments.
{"title":"Pharmacological effect of synobiotic and phytobiotic in kidney function and some blood parameters of chicken","authors":"Marwa Kamel O. I., Ashraf A. A. El-Komy, Enas A. A. Farag","doi":"10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31574","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to study the effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotic, phytobiotics and their mixture on kidney functions, some blood parameters and histological criteria of broilers. A total of 200 broiler chicks were randomly chosen and divided into eight groups (25 birds in each). The first four groups were unvaccinated chicken which received a basal diet (group 1) or the same diet supplemented with 1g synobiotic /kg body weight (group 2), 1g phytobiotic /kg body weight (group 3) and 1g synobiotic plus 1g phytobiotic/kg body weight (group 4). The second four groups were vaccinated chicken and fed the same previous treatments with groups 5, 6, 7 and 8, respectively. Therapeutic dose of synobiotic and phytobiotic or their mixture (1ml/ kg. body weight) orally for 3 successive days tended to decrease uric acid and creatinine in unvaccinated and vaccinated chicken at 7, 14 and 21 day. In this study uric acid and creatinine levels resulted in decrease, showing a significant improvement of kidney functions . Some different parameters of blood and histological criteria showed normal measurements with no adverse effect of treatments. ","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77775952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-22DOI: 10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31537
Marwa Kamel O. I., Ashraf A. A. El-Komy, Enas A. A. Farag
The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics, phytobiotics and their mixture on some blood parameters with respct to kidney and liver functions and some histological criteria of broilers. A total of 200 broiler chicks were randomly chosen and divided into eight groups (25 bird in each). The first four groups were unvaccinated chicken and allotted to four dietary treatments, either fed a basal diet (group 1) or the same diet supplemented with 1g synbiotic /kg body weight ( group 2) , 1g phytobiotic /kg body weight (group 3) and 1g synbiotic plus 1g phytobiotic/kg body weight (group 4) .The same previous treatments were received by four vaccinated chicken groups 5, 6,7 and 8 , respectively. Synobotic and phytobiotic tended to increase AST and ALT levels in vaccinated chicken during different periods. The mixture synbiotic and phytobiotic led to no significant increase in AST with unvac-cinated and increase of ALT level in vaccinated groups. Also, previous feed additive increased total protein in both vaccinated and unvac-cinated chickens. Supplementation mixture of both synbiotic and phytobiotic to diet increased total protein in unvaccinated and vaccinated chicken. Rations supplemented with synobiotic and phytobiotic increased albumin level in unvaccinated chicken and decreased with vac-cinated chicken during different periods. Consequently, mixtures of synobiotic and phytobiotic appeared the same trend. On the other, using synobiotic and phytobiotic showed increase globulin level with unvaccinated chicken and decrease with vaccinated chicken, while the mixture of them gave higher level of globulin with unvaccinated or vaccinated chicken during different periods, except at 21 day, the globulin level had slight decrease with unvaccinated chicken. At the same time supplementation synobiotic and phytobiotic or their mixture with unvaccinated or vaccinated chicken revealed normal histological criteria. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of syonbiotic and phytobiotic improved the gut health by decreasing the caecal total coliform count with no adverse effect.The aim of this experiment is to study the effect of dietary supplementation of synobiotic, phytobiotic and their mixture on kidney and liver functions and some histological criteria of broiler chicken.
{"title":"The immunibiochemical effect of synobiotic and phytobiotic in vaccinated and unvaccinated chicken","authors":"Marwa Kamel O. I., Ashraf A. A. El-Komy, Enas A. A. Farag","doi":"10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31537","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics, phytobiotics and their mixture on some blood parameters with respct to kidney and liver functions and some histological criteria of broilers. A total of 200 broiler chicks were randomly chosen and divided into eight groups (25 bird in each). The first four groups were unvaccinated chicken and allotted to four dietary treatments, either fed a basal diet (group 1) or the same diet supplemented with 1g synbiotic /kg body weight ( group 2) , 1g phytobiotic /kg body weight (group 3) and 1g synbiotic plus 1g phytobiotic/kg body weight (group 4) .The same previous treatments were received by four vaccinated chicken groups 5, 6,7 and 8 , respectively. Synobotic and phytobiotic tended to increase AST and ALT levels in vaccinated chicken during different periods. The mixture synbiotic and phytobiotic led to no significant increase in AST with unvac-cinated and increase of ALT level in vaccinated groups. Also, previous feed additive increased total protein in both vaccinated and unvac-cinated chickens. Supplementation mixture of both synbiotic and phytobiotic to diet increased total protein in unvaccinated and vaccinated chicken. Rations supplemented with synobiotic and phytobiotic increased albumin level in unvaccinated chicken and decreased with vac-cinated chicken during different periods. Consequently, mixtures of synobiotic and phytobiotic appeared the same trend. On the other, using synobiotic and phytobiotic showed increase globulin level with unvaccinated chicken and decrease with vaccinated chicken, while the mixture of them gave higher level of globulin with unvaccinated or vaccinated chicken during different periods, except at 21 day, the globulin level had slight decrease with unvaccinated chicken. At the same time supplementation synobiotic and phytobiotic or their mixture with unvaccinated or vaccinated chicken revealed normal histological criteria. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of syonbiotic and phytobiotic improved the gut health by decreasing the caecal total coliform count with no adverse effect.The aim of this experiment is to study the effect of dietary supplementation of synobiotic, phytobiotic and their mixture on kidney and liver functions and some histological criteria of broiler chicken.","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90666315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-19DOI: 10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31421
Hadeer A. M. Abdul Ghaffar, Ashraf A. A.Elkomy, Enas A.H. Farag
Background: ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) “Queen of herbs” is considered as sacred and medicinal plant in a lot of countries around the world especially India. Therefore this study was carried out to investigate the heptorenal protective effect of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract against gentamicin induced hepatorenal toxicity in chickens.Materials and Methods: A total 100, one-day old unsexed broiler chicks of a commercial breed (Cobb breed) were used in this study, the chickens were subjected to different treatments blood and tissue samples were collected at 5th week of age post administration, biochemical and histopathological examinations were utilized to investigate protective effect of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract on liver and kidney.Results: gentamicin recorded significant (P<0.05)increase in serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid and creatinine levels when compared with control group, the administration of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin ameliorate their toxic effect, the group treated with ocimum sanctum aqueous extract only similar to control, while gentamicin induce significant (P<0.05)decrease in serum albumin, total protein and globulin levels when compared with control group, ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin restore their toxic effect. The group treated with ocimum sanctum aqueous extract only as control. Gentamicin induce histopathological alterations in liver and kidney tissues by comparison with control group and ocimum sanctum aqueous extract treated group as control, while the administration of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin showing improvement in histopathological lesion compared with toxic effect induced by gentamicin.Conclusions: The hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin were ameliorated by aqueous extract of ocimum sanctum especially at dose of 2ml/liter in drinking water for 12 days.
{"title":"Hepatorenal protective effect of ocimum sanctum in chickens toxicated by gentamicin","authors":"Hadeer A. M. Abdul Ghaffar, Ashraf A. A.Elkomy, Enas A.H. Farag","doi":"10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31421","url":null,"abstract":"Background: ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) “Queen of herbs” is considered as sacred and medicinal plant in a lot of countries around the world especially India. Therefore this study was carried out to investigate the heptorenal protective effect of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract against gentamicin induced hepatorenal toxicity in chickens.Materials and Methods: A total 100, one-day old unsexed broiler chicks of a commercial breed (Cobb breed) were used in this study, the chickens were subjected to different treatments blood and tissue samples were collected at 5th week of age post administration, biochemical and histopathological examinations were utilized to investigate protective effect of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract on liver and kidney.Results: gentamicin recorded significant (P<0.05)increase in serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid and creatinine levels when compared with control group, the administration of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin ameliorate their toxic effect, the group treated with ocimum sanctum aqueous extract only similar to control, while gentamicin induce significant (P<0.05)decrease in serum albumin, total protein and globulin levels when compared with control group, ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin restore their toxic effect. The group treated with ocimum sanctum aqueous extract only as control. Gentamicin induce histopathological alterations in liver and kidney tissues by comparison with control group and ocimum sanctum aqueous extract treated group as control, while the administration of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin showing improvement in histopathological lesion compared with toxic effect induced by gentamicin.Conclusions: The hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin were ameliorated by aqueous extract of ocimum sanctum especially at dose of 2ml/liter in drinking water for 12 days. ","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81851910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-19DOI: 10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31290
Y. Y. Izam, B. B. Bukar
Background: Carissa edulis is generally used for the treatment of diverse ailments, but little or no interest has been shown on its hepatoprotective properties. This research work was aimed at evaluating the safety and claimed hepatoprotective activity of Carissa edulis.Method: For the intent of data collection, the method of Li et al., 2011 was used. In this method animals were treated with (250,500 and 1000mg/kg) of stem bark extract. The extract was given daily by gavage to the animals for 28 consecutive days. The 50% v/vCCl4 and olive oil was gavaged through gastric tube twice a week. The tests conducted were liver function test, liver antioxidant enzymes test, lipid profile test as well as Histopathological assessment of the liver sections.Results: Results of the study revealed that the markers in the animal treated with CCl4 were significantly higher than the normal control at (P<0.05). While blood samples from animals treated with the stem bark extracts were significantly lower than the CCl4 group at (P<0.05).Conclusion: These results imply that the ethanolic stem bark extract of Carissa edulis have a protective effect against CCl4 induced hepato - cellular injury.
背景:鸢尾草通常用于治疗多种疾病，但其保护肝脏的作用很少或没有研究。本研究的目的是评价其安全性和肝保护作用。方法:数据收集目的采用Li et al.， 2011的方法。在该方法中，动物分别给予(250、500和1000mg/kg)茎皮提取物。提取液每天灌胃，连续28天。将50% v/vCCl4和橄榄油通过胃管灌胃，每周2次。进行肝功能检查、肝脏抗氧化酶检查、血脂检查及肝切片组织病理学检查。结果:研究结果显示，CCl4处理动物的标记物显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。而茎皮提取物处理动物的血液样本显著低于CCl4组(P<0.05)。结论:鸢尾茎皮醇提物对CCl4诱导的肝细胞损伤具有保护作用。
{"title":"The protective action of ethanolic stem bark extract of Carissa edulis (VAHL) Apocynaceae against carbon tetrachloride Hepatotoxicity in rats","authors":"Y. Y. Izam, B. B. Bukar","doi":"10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31290","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carissa edulis is generally used for the treatment of diverse ailments, but little or no interest has been shown on its hepatoprotective properties. This research work was aimed at evaluating the safety and claimed hepatoprotective activity of Carissa edulis.Method: For the intent of data collection, the method of Li et al., 2011 was used. In this method animals were treated with (250,500 and 1000mg/kg) of stem bark extract. The extract was given daily by gavage to the animals for 28 consecutive days. The 50% v/vCCl4 and olive oil was gavaged through gastric tube twice a week. The tests conducted were liver function test, liver antioxidant enzymes test, lipid profile test as well as Histopathological assessment of the liver sections.Results: Results of the study revealed that the markers in the animal treated with CCl4 were significantly higher than the normal control at (P<0.05). While blood samples from animals treated with the stem bark extracts were significantly lower than the CCl4 group at (P<0.05).Conclusion: These results imply that the ethanolic stem bark extract of Carissa edulis have a protective effect against CCl4 induced hepato - cellular injury. ","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"391 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76669033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-21DOI: 10.14419/IJPT.V9I1.31289
Y. Izam, B. Bukar
Aim/Objectives: There are claims that Carissa edulis has positive effects on hematological parameters. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety and claimed hematological effect of Carissa edulis on rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride.Method: Thirty six male albino rats were randomly allotted to six groups of six rats per group. The animals were treated with (250, 500 and 1000mg/kg of the stem bark extract of Carissa edulis. The extract was administered daily by gavage to the animals for 28 consecutive days. The 50%v/v Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and olive oil was gavaged twice a week. The animals of the normal control group were given 5ml/kg of distilled water while those of the CCl4 group were administered CCl4 only twice a week.Result: Results of the study showed that the CCl4 group caused a significant decrease in most of the hematological parameters while the extract treated groups showed a significant increase in these parameters.Discussion / Conclusion: This suggests that the ethanolic stem bark extract has erythropoietic, thrombopoietic and positive effect on the immune system.
{"title":"Effect of carissa edulis (VAHL) apocynaceae stem bark on hematological parameters in ccl¬4 induced albino rats","authors":"Y. Izam, B. Bukar","doi":"10.14419/IJPT.V9I1.31289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJPT.V9I1.31289","url":null,"abstract":"Aim/Objectives: There are claims that Carissa edulis has positive effects on hematological parameters. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety and claimed hematological effect of Carissa edulis on rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride.Method: Thirty six male albino rats were randomly allotted to six groups of six rats per group. The animals were treated with (250, 500 and 1000mg/kg of the stem bark extract of Carissa edulis. The extract was administered daily by gavage to the animals for 28 consecutive days. The 50%v/v Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and olive oil was gavaged twice a week. The animals of the normal control group were given 5ml/kg of distilled water while those of the CCl4 group were administered CCl4 only twice a week.Result: Results of the study showed that the CCl4 group caused a significant decrease in most of the hematological parameters while the extract treated groups showed a significant increase in these parameters.Discussion / Conclusion: This suggests that the ethanolic stem bark extract has erythropoietic, thrombopoietic and positive effect on the immune system. ","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"204 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76026278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.14419/IJPT.V9I1.31244
A. Behairy, A. Elkomy, F. Elsayed
Background: Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is a high valued plant and used in a lot of countries around the world. The liquorice (LQ) has a remarkable medicinal, nutritional and socio-economic value. Therefore this study was designed to clarify the protective effect of liquorice hydroethanolic extract against Thioacetamide (TAA) induced hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats.Materials and Methods: Seventy white Albino male rats were used in this study and after acclimatization rats were subjected to different treatments blood and tissue samples were collected after day 30 post administration, biochemical, antioxidant, hematological and histopathological examinations were utilized to investigate hepatoprotective activity of liquorice hydroethanolic extract.Results: TAA significant (P<0.05) increase the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to control group and silymarin(SL)treated group as stander, admin-istration of LQ extract restore the toxic effect of TAA , while TAA significant (P<0.05) decrease the levels of catalase(CAT) ,hepatic glutathione(GSH) hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) , total protein and albumin level compared to control group and silymarin(SL)treated group as stander, LQ extract ameliorate toxic effect of TAA. TAA induce hematotoxicity in rats by significant (P<0.05) decrease Hb content and RBCs, whereas WBCs count significantly (P<0.05) increased throughout the period of administration when compared to the rats in control group and silymarin(SL)treated group as stander,LQ administration protect against the hematotoxicity effect of TAA, TAA induce histopathological alteration in liver tissue by comparison with control group and silymarin(SL)treated group as stander, while LQ extract showing improvement in the histopathological lesion compared with toxic effect induced by TAA.Conclusions: The hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity induced by TAA were ameliorated by hydroethanolic extract of LQ especially in double dose (200 mg/kg b.wt). This effect was attributed to free radical scavenging activity and potent antioxidant activity of its components (flavonoid, tannin and saponin).
{"title":"Liquorice (glycyrrhiza glabra) hydroethanolic extracts effectively alleviate thioacetamide -induced hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in experimental rats through their antioxidant nature","authors":"A. Behairy, A. Elkomy, F. Elsayed","doi":"10.14419/IJPT.V9I1.31244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/IJPT.V9I1.31244","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is a high valued plant and used in a lot of countries around the world. The liquorice (LQ) has a remarkable medicinal, nutritional and socio-economic value. Therefore this study was designed to clarify the protective effect of liquorice hydroethanolic extract against Thioacetamide (TAA) induced hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats.Materials and Methods: Seventy white Albino male rats were used in this study and after acclimatization rats were subjected to different treatments blood and tissue samples were collected after day 30 post administration, biochemical, antioxidant, hematological and histopathological examinations were utilized to investigate hepatoprotective activity of liquorice hydroethanolic extract.Results: TAA significant (P<0.05) increase the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to control group and silymarin(SL)treated group as stander, admin-istration of LQ extract restore the toxic effect of TAA , while TAA significant (P<0.05) decrease the levels of catalase(CAT) ,hepatic glutathione(GSH) hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) , total protein and albumin level compared to control group and silymarin(SL)treated group as stander, LQ extract ameliorate toxic effect of TAA. TAA induce hematotoxicity in rats by significant (P<0.05) decrease Hb content and RBCs, whereas WBCs count significantly (P<0.05) increased throughout the period of administration when compared to the rats in control group and silymarin(SL)treated group as stander,LQ administration protect against the hematotoxicity effect of TAA, TAA induce histopathological alteration in liver tissue by comparison with control group and silymarin(SL)treated group as stander, while LQ extract showing improvement in the histopathological lesion compared with toxic effect induced by TAA.Conclusions: The hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity induced by TAA were ameliorated by hydroethanolic extract of LQ especially in double dose (200 mg/kg b.wt). This effect was attributed to free radical scavenging activity and potent antioxidant activity of its components (flavonoid, tannin and saponin). ","PeriodicalId":13897,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy and toxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90042863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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