Pub Date : 2013-09-11DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-2077-3.CH004
L. Gabora, M. Merrifield
This chapter begins by outlining a promising, new theoretical framework for the process by which human culture evolves inspired by the views of complexity theorists on the problem of how life began. Elements of culture, like species, evolve over time; that is, they exhibit cumulative change that is adaptive in nature. By studying how biological evolution got started, we gain insight into not just the specifics of biological evolution, but also general insights into the initiation of any evolutionary process that may be applicable to culture. We then explore the implications of this new framework for culture on the transformative processes of individuals. Specifically, we will address what this emerging perspective on cultural evolution implies for to go about attaining a sustainable worldview; that is, a web of habits, understandings, and ways of approaching situations that is conducive to the development of a sustainable world.
{"title":"Dynamical Disequilibrium, Transformation, and the Evolution and Development of Sustainable Worldviews","authors":"L. Gabora, M. Merrifield","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-2077-3.CH004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2077-3.CH004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter begins by outlining a promising, new theoretical framework for the process by which human culture evolves inspired by the views of complexity theorists on the problem of how life began. Elements of culture, like species, evolve over time; that is, they exhibit cumulative change that is adaptive in nature. By studying how biological evolution got started, we gain insight into not just the specifics of biological evolution, but also general insights into the initiation of any evolutionary process that may be applicable to culture. We then explore the implications of this new framework for culture on the transformative processes of individuals. Specifically, we will address what this emerging perspective on cultural evolution implies for to go about attaining a sustainable worldview; that is, a web of habits, understandings, and ways of approaching situations that is conducive to the development of a sustainable world.","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124055767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-08-01DOI: 10.17101/SYSTEMA.V1I3.213
C. Gershenson, P. Csermely, P. Érdi, H. Knyazeva, A. Laszlo
Cybernetics and Systems Research (CSR) were developed in the mid-twentieth century, offering the possibility of describing and comparing different phenomena using the same language. The concepts which originated in CSR have spread to practically all disciplines, many now used within the scientific study of complex systems. CSR has the potential to contribute to the solution of relevant problems, but the path towards this goal is not straightforward. This paper summarizes the ideas presented by the authors during a round table in 2012 on the past, present and future of CSR.
{"title":"The Past, Present and Future of Cybernetics and Systems Research","authors":"C. Gershenson, P. Csermely, P. Érdi, H. Knyazeva, A. Laszlo","doi":"10.17101/SYSTEMA.V1I3.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17101/SYSTEMA.V1I3.213","url":null,"abstract":"Cybernetics and Systems Research (CSR) were developed in the mid-twentieth century, offering the possibility of describing and comparing different phenomena using the same language. The concepts which originated in CSR have spread to practically all disciplines, many now used within the scientific study of complex systems. CSR has the potential to contribute to the solution of relevant problems, but the path towards this goal is not straightforward. This paper summarizes the ideas presented by the authors during a round table in 2012 on the past, present and future of CSR.","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127161199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-22DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-41888-4_11
R. Solé, J. Sardanyés
{"title":"Red Queen Coevolution on Fitness Landscapes","authors":"R. Solé, J. Sardanyés","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-41888-4_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41888-4_11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130006543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-05DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4587-2_8
B. Jiang
{"title":"Volunteered Geographic Information and Computational Geography: New Perspectives","authors":"B. Jiang","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-4587-2_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4587-2_8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129382290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_97
Nathalie Mezza-Garcia
{"title":"Bio-Inspired Political Systems. Opening a Field","authors":"Nathalie Mezza-Garcia","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_97","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123003187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-24DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_10
R. López-Ruiz
{"title":"Complex Systems with Trivial Dynamics","authors":"R. López-Ruiz","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124424551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this chapter, we present a straightforward geometrical argument that in a certain way recalls us the equivalence between the canonical and the microcanonical ensembles in the thermodynamic limit for the particular context of physical sciences. In the more general context of homogeneous multi-agent systems, we conclude by highlighting the statistical equivalence of the volume-based and surface-based calculations in this type of systems.
{"title":"Geometrical Derivation of Equilibrium Distributions in Some Stochastic Systems","authors":"R. López-Ruiz, J. Sanudo","doi":"10.5772/46152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/46152","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we present a straightforward geometrical argument that in a certain way recalls us the equivalence between the canonical and the microcanonical ensembles in the thermodynamic limit for the particular context of physical sciences. In the more general context of homogeneous multi-agent systems, we conclude by highlighting the statistical equivalence of the volume-based and surface-based calculations in this type of systems.","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126891416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-12DOI: 10.2140/MEMOCS.2013.1.129
Mathias Linkerhand, C. Gros
Polyhomeostatic adaption occurs when evolving systems try to achieve a target distribution function for certain dynamical parameters, a generalization of the notion of homeostasis. Here we consider a single rate encoding leaky integrator neuron model driven by white noise, adapting slowly its internal parameters, the threshold and the gain, in order to achieve a given target distribution for its time-average firing rate. For the case of sparse encoding, when the target firing-rated distribution is bimodal, we observe the occurrence of spontaneous quasi-periodic adaptive oscillations resulting from fast transition between two quasi-stationary attractors. We interpret this behavior as self-organized stochastic tipping, with noise driving the escape from the quasi-stationary attractors.
{"title":"Self-organized stochastic tipping in slow-fast dynamical systems","authors":"Mathias Linkerhand, C. Gros","doi":"10.2140/MEMOCS.2013.1.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2140/MEMOCS.2013.1.129","url":null,"abstract":"Polyhomeostatic adaption occurs when evolving systems try to achieve a target distribution function for certain dynamical parameters, a generalization of the notion of homeostasis. Here we consider a single rate encoding leaky integrator neuron model driven by white noise, adapting slowly its internal parameters, the threshold and the gain, in order to achieve a given target distribution for its time-average firing rate. For the case of sparse encoding, when the target firing-rated distribution is bimodal, we observe the occurrence of spontaneous quasi-periodic adaptive oscillations resulting from fast transition between two quasi-stationary attractors. We interpret this behavior as self-organized stochastic tipping, with noise driving the escape from the quasi-stationary attractors.","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129771765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-10DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_1
Sven Banisch, R. Lima, T. Araújo
{"title":"Aggregation and Emergence in Agent-Based Models: A Markov Chain Approach","authors":"Sven Banisch, R. Lima, T. Araújo","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00395-5_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116846017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-02DOI: 10.7551/978-0-262-31050-5-CH038
S. Walker, Luis H. Cisneros, P. Davies
Top-down causation has been suggested to occur at all scales of biological organization as a mechanism for explaining the hierarchy of structure and causation in living systems. Here we propose that a transition from bottom-up to top-down causation -- mediated by a reversal in the flow of information from lower to higher levels of organization, to that from higher to lower levels of organization -- is a driving force for most major evolutionary transitions. We suggest that many major evolutionary transitions might therefore be marked by a transition in causal structure. We use logistic growth as a toy model for demonstrating how such a transition can drive the emergence of collective behavior in replicative systems. We then outline how this scenario may have played out in those major evolutionary transitions in which new, higher levels of organization emerged, and propose possible methods via which our hypothesis might be tested.
{"title":"Evolutionary Transitions and Top-Down Causation","authors":"S. Walker, Luis H. Cisneros, P. Davies","doi":"10.7551/978-0-262-31050-5-CH038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7551/978-0-262-31050-5-CH038","url":null,"abstract":"Top-down causation has been suggested to occur at all scales of biological organization as a mechanism for explaining the hierarchy of structure and causation in living systems. Here we propose that a transition from bottom-up to top-down causation -- mediated by a reversal in the flow of information from lower to higher levels of organization, to that from higher to lower levels of organization -- is a driving force for most major evolutionary transitions. We suggest that many major evolutionary transitions might therefore be marked by a transition in causal structure. We use logistic growth as a toy model for demonstrating how such a transition can drive the emergence of collective behavior in replicative systems. We then outline how this scenario may have played out in those major evolutionary transitions in which new, higher levels of organization emerged, and propose possible methods via which our hypothesis might be tested.","PeriodicalId":139082,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems","volume":"32 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130716766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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