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2013 IEEE 25th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence最新文献

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ICAMF: Improved Context-Aware Matrix Factorization for Collaborative Filtering 改进的上下文感知矩阵分解协同过滤
Jiyun Li, Pengcheng Feng, Juntao Lv
Context-aware recommender system (CARS) can provide more accurate rating predictions and more relevant recommendations by taking into account the contextual in-formation. Yet the state-of-the-art context-aware matrix factorization approaches only consider the influence of con-textual information on item bias. Tensor factorization based Multiverse Recommendation deals with the contextual in-formation by incorporating user-item-context interaction into recommendation model. However, all of these approaches cannot fully capture the influence of contextual information on the rating. In this paper, we propose two improved context-aware matrix factorization approaches to fully capture the influence of contextual information on the rating. Both of the baseline predictors (user bias and item bias) and user-item-context interaction are fully concerned. Experimental results on three semi-synthetic datasets and one real world dataset show that the two proposed approaches outperform Multiverse Recommendation and the state-of-the-art context-aware matrix factorization methods in prediction performance.
上下文感知推荐系统(CARS)可以通过考虑上下文信息提供更准确的评级预测和更相关的推荐。然而,最先进的情境感知矩阵分解方法只考虑情境信息对项目偏见的影响。基于张量分解的多元宇宙推荐通过将用户-物品-上下文交互纳入推荐模型来处理上下文信息。然而,所有这些方法都不能完全捕捉上下文信息对评级的影响。在本文中,我们提出了两种改进的上下文感知矩阵分解方法,以充分捕捉上下文信息对评级的影响。基线预测因子(用户偏差和项目偏差)和用户-项目-上下文交互都得到了充分的关注。在三个半合成数据集和一个真实世界数据集上的实验结果表明,两种方法在预测性能上优于多元宇宙推荐和最先进的上下文感知矩阵分解方法。
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引用次数: 12
An Algorithm for Mining Top K Influential Community Based Evolutionary Outliers in Temporal Dataset 基于时间数据集Top K影响群体的进化离群点挖掘算法
Yun Hu, Junyuan Xie, Chong-Jun Wang, Zuojian Zhou
Identifying outlier objects against main community evolution trends is not only meaningful itself for the purpose of finding novel evolution behaviors, but also helpful for better understanding the mainstream of community evolution. With the definition of community belongingness matrix of data objects, we constructed the transition matrix to least square optimize the pattern of evolutionary quantity between two consecutive belongingness snapshots. A set of properties about the transition matrix is discussed, which reveals its close relation to the step by step community membership change. The transition matrix is further optimized using robust regression methods by minimizing the disturbance incurred by the outliers, and the outlier factor of the anomalous object was defined. Being aware that large proportion of trivial but nomadic objects may exist in large datasets. This paper focus only on the influential community evolutionary outliers which both show remarkable difference from the main body of their community and sharp changes of their membership role within the communities. An algorithm on detection such kind of outliers are purposed in the paper. Experimental results on both synthetic and real world datasets show that the proposed approach is highly effective and efficient in discovering reasonable influential evolutionary community outliers.
识别群落主要进化趋势的异常对象不仅对发现新的进化行为具有重要意义,而且有助于更好地理解群落进化的主流。在定义数据对象群体归属矩阵的基础上,构造过渡矩阵,以最小二乘优化两个连续归属快照之间的演化量模式。讨论了转移矩阵的一组性质,揭示了转移矩阵与群体隶属度逐级变化的密切关系。利用鲁棒回归方法对转移矩阵进行优化,使异常点所引起的干扰最小化,并定义异常目标的异常因子。意识到在大型数据集中可能存在很大比例的琐碎但游移不定的对象。本文只关注有影响力的群落演化异常值,这些异常值与其群落主体存在显著差异,其在群落中的成员角色也发生了剧烈变化。本文提出了一种检测这类异常值的算法。在合成和真实数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法在发现合理的有影响的进化群落异常值方面是非常有效和高效的。
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引用次数: 5
Learning Occupancy in Single Person Offices with Mixtures of Multi-lag Markov Chains 多滞后马尔可夫链混合下的单人办公室学习占用
C. Manna, D. Fay, Kenneth N. Brown, Nic Wilson
The problem of real-time occupancy forecasting for single person offices is critical for energy efficient buildings which use predictive control techniques. Due to the highly uncertain nature of occupancy dynamics, the modeling and prediction of occupancy is a challenging problem. This paper proposes an algorithm for learning and predicting single occupant presence in office buildings, by considering the occupant behaviour as an ensemble of multiple Markov models at different time lags. This model has been tested using real occupancy data collected from PIR sensors installed in three different buildings and compared with state of the art methods, reducing the error rate by on average 5% over the best comparator method.
对于采用预测控制技术的节能建筑来说,单人办公室的实时入住率预测问题至关重要。由于入住率动态的高度不确定性,入住率的建模和预测是一个具有挑战性的问题。本文提出了一种学习和预测办公大楼中单个人员存在的算法,该算法将不同时间滞后的人员行为视为多个马尔可夫模型的集合。该模型使用安装在三栋不同建筑中的PIR传感器收集的真实占用数据进行了测试,并与最先进的方法进行了比较,比最佳比较方法平均减少了5%的错误率。
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引用次数: 17
Declarative Heuristics in Constraint Satisfaction 约束满足中的陈述启发式
Pub Date : 2013-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/ICTAI.2013.150
E. Teppan, G. Friedrich
Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) have the big advantage of a succinct, declarative and easy to understand representation form. Unfortunately, solving CSPs is NP-complete in the general case. In order to cope with this, common CSP frameworks offer the possibility to use different built-in heuristics. However, the provided built-in heuristics are often not suitable to significantly boost solution calculation. Also the facilities for expressing domain-specific heuristics in a declarative manner within the CSP framework are typically very limited (e.g. by defining a static variable selection order)and thus are often not applicable. As a consequence such domain-specific heuristics are often implemented by means of custom propagators or custom constraints (e.g. a special constraint for bin packing problems) forcing domain experts and knowledge engineers to leave the declarative world and implement the heuristics in a procedural manner. In this paper we propose a new declarative language for expressing domain specific heuristics for CSPs which can be easily integrated in every CSP framework. We also describe a prototype implementation within a state-of-the-art CSP solver and present proof of concept results on real world configuration problem instances.
约束满足问题(csp)具有简洁、陈述性和易于理解的表示形式的巨大优势。不幸的是,在一般情况下,求解csp是np完全的。为了解决这个问题,常见的CSP框架提供了使用不同的内置启发式的可能性。然而,所提供的内置启发式通常不适合显著提高解的计算。此外,在CSP框架内以声明式方式表达特定于领域的启发式的工具通常非常有限(例如,通过定义静态变量选择顺序),因此通常不适用。因此,这种特定于领域的启发式通常是通过自定义传播器或自定义约束(例如,针对装箱问题的特殊约束)来实现的,这迫使领域专家和知识工程师离开声明性的世界,以过程化的方式实现启发式。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的声明性语言来表达CSP的特定领域启发式,这种语言可以很容易地集成到每个CSP框架中。我们还描述了一个最先进的CSP求解器中的原型实现,并在现实世界的配置问题实例中给出了概念结果的证明。
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引用次数: 1
Information Extraction from the Web: An Ontology-Based Method Using Inductive Logic Programming 网络信息抽取:一种基于本体的归纳逻辑编程方法
Pub Date : 2013-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/ICTAI.2013.114
Rinaldo Lima, B. Espinasse, Hilário Oliveira, Laura Pentagrossa, F. Freitas
Relevant information extraction from text and web pages in particular is an intensive and time-consuming task that needs important semantic resources. Thus, to be efficient, automatic information extraction systems have to exploit semantic resources (or ontologies) and employ machine-learning techniques to make them more adaptive. This paper presents an Ontology-based Information Extraction method using Inductive Logic Programming that allows inducing symbolic predicates expressed in Horn clausal logic that subsume information extraction rules. Such rules allow the system to extract class and relation instances from English corpora for ontology population purposes. Several experiments were conducted and preliminary experimental results are promising, showing that the proposed approach improves previous work over extracting instances of classes and relations, either separately or altogether.
从文本和网页中提取相关信息是一项费时费力的任务,需要大量的语义资源。因此,为了提高效率,自动信息提取系统必须利用语义资源(或本体),并采用机器学习技术使其更具适应性。本文提出了一种基于本体的信息抽取方法,该方法使用归纳逻辑编程,允许用包含信息抽取规则的Horn子句逻辑表示的符号谓词进行归纳。这些规则允许系统从英语语料库中提取类和关系实例以用于本体填充目的。进行了几个实验,初步的实验结果很有希望,表明所提出的方法改进了以前的工作,可以单独或一起提取类和关系的实例。
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引用次数: 7
More Smear-Based Variable Selection Heuristics for NCSPs 更多基于涂片的ncsp变量选择启发式算法
Pub Date : 2013-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/ICTAI.2013.151
Ignacio Araya, Víctor Reyes, Cristian Oreallana
In this work we attempt to study and discover the principles behind one of the most succesfulvariable selection heuristics in branch-and-prune interval-based solvers: the Smear-based heuristics. Why these heuristics work? Which is their objective?Can we do any better?Based on the principles of the Smear functionand the well-known first-fail principle: "To succeed, try first where you are most likely to fail" we propose several variable selection heuristics. The heuristics are tested and compared to the Smear-based oneson solving twenty nonlinear systems of equations. We report our first results and conclusions.
在这项工作中,我们试图研究和发现基于分支和修剪间隔的求解器中最成功的变量选择启发式方法之一背后的原理:基于涂抹的启发式。为什么这些启发式有效?他们的目标是什么?我们能做得更好吗?基于涂抹函数的原则和著名的第一次失败原则:“为了成功,首先尝试你最可能失败的地方”,我们提出了几个变量选择启发式。通过求解20个非线性方程组,对启发式算法进行了测试,并与基于smear的启发式算法进行了比较。我们报告我们的第一个结果和结论。
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引用次数: 8
A Versatile Graph-Based Approach to Package Recommendation 一个通用的基于图的包推荐方法
Pub Date : 2013-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/ICTAI.2013.130
R. Interdonato, Salvatore Romeo, Andrea Tagarelli, G. Karypis
An emerging trend in research on recommender systems is the design of methods capable of recommending packages instead of single items. The problem is challenging due to a variety of critical aspects, including context-based and user-provided constraints for the items constituting a package, but also the high sparsity and limited accessibility of the primary data used to solve the problem. Most existing works on the topic have focused on a specific application domain (e.g., travel package recommendation), thus often providing ad-hoc solutions that cannot be adapted to other domains. By contrast, in this paper we propose a versatile package recommendation approach that is substantially independent of the peculiarities of a particular application domain. A key aspect in our framework is the exploitation of prior knowledge on the content type models of the packages being generated that express what the users expect from the recommendation task. Packages are learned for each package model, while the recommendation stage is accomplished by performing a PageRank-style method personalized w.r.t. the target user's preferences, possibly including a limited budget. Our developed method has been tested on a TripAdvisor dataset and compared with a recently proposed method for learning composite recommendations.
推荐系统研究的一个新兴趋势是设计能够推荐包而不是单个项目的方法。由于各种关键方面,包括基于上下文和用户提供的对组成包的项目的约束,以及用于解决问题的主要数据的高稀疏性和有限的可访问性,该问题具有挑战性。关于该主题的大多数现有工作都集中在特定的应用领域(例如,旅行包推荐),因此经常提供不能适应其他领域的临时解决方案。相比之下,在本文中,我们提出了一种通用的包推荐方法,该方法基本上独立于特定应用领域的特性。我们框架中的一个关键方面是利用正在生成的包的内容类型模型的先验知识,这些模型表达了用户对推荐任务的期望。学习每个包模型的包,而推荐阶段是通过执行pagerank风格的方法来完成的,该方法根据目标用户的偏好(可能包括有限的预算)进行个性化处理。我们开发的方法已经在TripAdvisor数据集上进行了测试,并与最近提出的学习复合推荐的方法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 26
Optimization of Traffic Lights Timing Based on Multiple Neural Networks 基于多神经网络的交通信号灯定时优化
Pub Date : 2013-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/ICTAI.2013.126
Michel B. W. De Oliveira, A. A. Neto
This paper presents a neural networks based traffic light controller for urban traffic road intersection called EOM-MNN Controller (Environment Observation Method based on Multiple Neural Networks Controller). Traffic congestion leads to problems like delays and higher fuel consumption. Consequently, alleviating congested situation is not only good to economy but also to environment. The problem of traffic light control is very challenging. Traditional mathematical methods have some limitations when they are applied in traffic control. Thus, modern artificial intelligent ways have gained more and more attentions. In this work, EOM is a very interesting mathematical method for determining traffic lights timing that was developed by Ejzenberg [4]. However, this method has some implications in which multiple neural networks were proposed to improve such problems. The solution was compared with the conventional method through scenario of simulation in microscopic traffic simulation software.
本文提出了一种基于神经网络的城市交通路口红绿灯控制器,称为EOM-MNN控制器(基于多神经网络控制器的环境观测方法)。交通拥堵会导致延误和燃油消耗增加等问题。因此,缓解拥堵状况不仅有利于经济,而且有利于环境。交通信号灯的控制是一个非常具有挑战性的问题。传统的数学方法在交通控制中的应用存在一定的局限性。因此,现代人工智能方式越来越受到人们的关注。在这项工作中,EOM是一种非常有趣的数学方法,用于确定交通灯的时间,由Ejzenberg[4]开发。然而,该方法对提出多神经网络来改进这类问题有一定的启示。通过微观交通仿真软件的场景仿真,与传统方法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 11
Variable Objective Large Neighborhood Search: A Practical Approach to Solve Over-Constrained Problems 变目标大邻域搜索:一种解决过度约束问题的实用方法
Pub Date : 2013-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/ICTAI.2013.147
P. Schaus
Everyone having used Constraint Programming (CP) to solve hard combinatorial optimization problems with a standard exhaustive Branch & Bound Depth First Search (B&B DFS) has probably experienced scalability issues. In the 2011 Panel of the Future of CP, one of the identified challenges was the need to handle large-scale problems. In this paper, we address the scalability issues of CP when minimizing a sum objective function. We suggest extending the Large Neighborhood Search (LNS) framework enabling it with the possibility of changing dynamically the objective function along the restarts. The motivation for this extended framework - called the Variable Objective Large Neighborhood Search (VO-LNS) - is solving efficiently a real-life over-constrained timetabling application. Our experiments show that this simple approach has two main benefits on solving this problem: 1) a better pruning, boosting the speed of LNS to reach high quality solutions, 2) a better control to balance or weight the terms composing the sum objective function, especially in over-constrained problems.
每个使用约束规划(CP)用标准的穷举分支和边界深度优先搜索(B&B DFS)来解决困难的组合优化问题的人都可能遇到可伸缩性问题。在2011年CP未来小组会议上,确定的挑战之一是需要处理大规模问题。在本文中,我们讨论了最小化和目标函数时CP的可扩展性问题。我们建议扩展大邻域搜索(LNS)框架,使其具有沿重启动态改变目标函数的可能性。这个扩展框架——称为可变目标大邻域搜索(VO-LNS)——的动机是有效地解决现实生活中过度约束的时间表应用程序。我们的实验表明,这种简单的方法在解决这个问题上有两个主要的好处:1)更好的修剪,提高LNS获得高质量解决方案的速度,2)更好的控制来平衡或加权组成和目标函数的项,特别是在过度约束的问题中。
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引用次数: 6
A Reusable Methodology for the Instantiation of Social Recommender Systems 社会推荐系统实例化的可重用方法
Pub Date : 2013-11-04 DOI: 10.1142/S0218213014600318
L. Sánchez, J. A. Recio-García, B. Díaz-Agudo
Social recommender systems exploit the social knowledge available in social networks to provide accurate recommendations. However, their instantiation is not straightforward due to its complexity. To alleviate this development complexity, we propose a methodology based on templates that conceptualize the behavior of such applications and can be reused to create several social recommender applications in social networks. This development methodology comprises not only templates but also a generic architecture named ARISE and a collection of software components that provide the required functionality. We prove that our social templates speed up and facilitate the development process, and demonstrate the viability of our generic architecture in two different case studies.
社会推荐系统利用社会网络中可用的社会知识提供准确的推荐。然而,由于其复杂性,它们的实例化并不简单。为了减轻这种开发复杂性,我们提出了一种基于模板的方法,该方法将此类应用程序的行为概念化,并且可以在社交网络中重用以创建多个社交推荐应用程序。这种开发方法不仅包括模板,还包括一个名为ARISE的通用体系结构和一组提供所需功能的软件组件。我们证明了我们的社交模板加速和促进了开发过程,并在两个不同的案例研究中演示了我们的通用架构的可行性。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
2013 IEEE 25th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
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