Panax pseudoginseng Wall. is a highly sought-after medicinal plant in Bhutan, but little is known about its distribution and habitat in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to determine suitable habitat, and potential distribution of P. pseudoginseng, and the diversity of its associated species in Nangkor and Shingkhar Geogs, Zhemgang, Bhutan. A total of 42 plots were laid using a purposive sampling method. Various parameters like slope, aspect, soil nutrients, soil pH, humidity, temperature, and soil water tension were collected. The Spearman’s correlation test indicated that the temperature and canopy cover had negative association with the counts of P. pseudoginseng. The Spearman's correlation test for NPK indicated that Phosphorus had significant difference with the counts of P. pseudoginseng. A total of 1,277 species distributed in 87 genera of 66 families were recorded including the trees, herbs and pteridophytes. Fagaceae was the most dominant family in the study area. Seven types of forest were classified based on the floristic composition of trees. Potential distribution was obtained using ArcGIS that combined observation data, reclassification and Weighted Overlay. Overall, 95.39% of an area under Zhemgang District is suitable for the growth of P. pseudoginseng.
{"title":"Study of the habitat, and potential distribution of Himalayan Ginseng (Panax pseudoginseng Wall.), and the diversity of its associated species in Nangkor and Shingkhar Geogs, Zhemgang, Bhutan","authors":"Tashi Dendup, S. Rai","doi":"10.3126/ije.v11i1.45836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ije.v11i1.45836","url":null,"abstract":"Panax pseudoginseng Wall. is a highly sought-after medicinal plant in Bhutan, but little is known about its distribution and habitat in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to determine suitable habitat, and potential distribution of P. pseudoginseng, and the diversity of its associated species in Nangkor and Shingkhar Geogs, Zhemgang, Bhutan. A total of 42 plots were laid using a purposive sampling method. Various parameters like slope, aspect, soil nutrients, soil pH, humidity, temperature, and soil water tension were collected. The Spearman’s correlation test indicated that the temperature and canopy cover had negative association with the counts of P. pseudoginseng. The Spearman's correlation test for NPK indicated that Phosphorus had significant difference with the counts of P. pseudoginseng. A total of 1,277 species distributed in 87 genera of 66 families were recorded including the trees, herbs and pteridophytes. Fagaceae was the most dominant family in the study area. Seven types of forest were classified based on the floristic composition of trees. Potential distribution was obtained using ArcGIS that combined observation data, reclassification and Weighted Overlay. Overall, 95.39% of an area under Zhemgang District is suitable for the growth of P. pseudoginseng.","PeriodicalId":14042,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72995242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aimed to determine the effect of different land-use systems on the matric potential, and hydraulic conductivity of the soils of Yenagoa and Amassoma communities. Soil samples were collected from four respective land-use types namely: Fallow land, Oil Palm Plantation, Plantain Plantation, and Virgin land. A total of 12 samples were bulked from three replicates at each land use type and were collected at depths of 0-15cm, 15-30cm, and 30-45cm respectively. The samples were taken to the laboratory to analyze their physical, chemical, and hydrological properties. The result showed that the different land use had a significant effect (P<0.05) on some soil physical, chemical, and hydraulic characteristics. The different land-use systems had a significant effect on the soil hydraulic conductivity with the highest in virgin (13.6 cm/hr) and lowest in the plantain plantation (7.6 cm/hr). The virgin land recorded the highest Soil Water Holding Capacity (SWHC) of 2.85 cm with a range of 1.55 – 2.85cm and Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) of 0.19 cm3cm-3, with a range of 0.10 - 0.19 cm3cm-3, while the plantain plantation recorded the lowest (1.55 cm and 0.10 cm3cm3). Based on the study, it is recommended that soils with high Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) and Soil Water Holding Capacity (SWHC) be used to cultivate crops that are non-tolerant to water stress while organic amendments are used on soils with low fertility.
{"title":"Influence of land-use systems on hydraulic properties of soils in Yenagoa and Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria","authors":"W. Agbai, M.T. Kosuowei","doi":"10.3126/ije.v11i1.45838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ije.v11i1.45838","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to determine the effect of different land-use systems on the matric potential, and hydraulic conductivity of the soils of Yenagoa and Amassoma communities. Soil samples were collected from four respective land-use types namely: Fallow land, Oil Palm Plantation, Plantain Plantation, and Virgin land. A total of 12 samples were bulked from three replicates at each land use type and were collected at depths of 0-15cm, 15-30cm, and 30-45cm respectively. The samples were taken to the laboratory to analyze their physical, chemical, and hydrological properties. The result showed that the different land use had a significant effect (P<0.05) on some soil physical, chemical, and hydraulic characteristics. The different land-use systems had a significant effect on the soil hydraulic conductivity with the highest in virgin (13.6 cm/hr) and lowest in the plantain plantation (7.6 cm/hr). The virgin land recorded the highest Soil Water Holding Capacity (SWHC) of 2.85 cm with a range of 1.55 – 2.85cm and Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) of 0.19 cm3cm-3, with a range of 0.10 - 0.19 cm3cm-3, while the plantain plantation recorded the lowest (1.55 cm and 0.10 cm3cm3). Based on the study, it is recommended that soils with high Plant Available Water Capacity (PAWC) and Soil Water Holding Capacity (SWHC) be used to cultivate crops that are non-tolerant to water stress while organic amendments are used on soils with low fertility.","PeriodicalId":14042,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89132735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose –– This paper examines the 5 key performance indicators outlined for the NFE sector in Ghana against the possibility of achieving SDG4.6 in Ghana. The paper argues based on a study conducted by the author in 2017, that a key input into quality non-formal education, especially adult literacy delivery, is the quality of facilitation. Methods –– A qualitative study approach was adopted using documentary analysis to examine past achievements of the Agency and how it prepares its critical functionaries; the facilitators, to effectively deliver in line with the 5 performance indicators. Findings –– Findings reveal, among others, that lack of funding has affected training, curriculum, and class inputs, whilst irregular supervision, monitoring, and evaluation by the MOE and managers have left facilitators with many challenges. Conclusion/Recommendation –– The paper recommends, among others, that the reform by the MOE should focus on facilitation-related issues and institutional training for facilitators in the Colleges of Education.
{"title":"ACHIEVING SDG 4.6 IN GHANA: COULD A CLOSER MONITORING AND FACILITATION OF\u0000THE 5 KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR NFE BRING SUCCESS?","authors":"S. D. D. Berdie","doi":"10.55921/xtnn5054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55921/xtnn5054","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose –– This paper examines the 5 key performance indicators outlined for the NFE sector in Ghana against the possibility of achieving SDG4.6 in Ghana. The paper argues based on a study conducted by the author in 2017, that a key input into quality non-formal education, especially adult literacy delivery, is the quality of facilitation.\u0000Methods –– A qualitative study approach was adopted using documentary analysis to examine past achievements of the Agency and how it prepares its critical functionaries; the facilitators, to effectively deliver in line with the 5 performance indicators.\u0000Findings –– Findings reveal, among others, that lack of funding has affected training, curriculum, and class inputs, whilst irregular supervision, monitoring, and evaluation by the MOE and managers have left facilitators with many challenges.\u0000Conclusion/Recommendation –– The paper recommends, among others, that the reform by the MOE should focus on facilitation-related issues and institutional training for facilitators in the Colleges of Education.","PeriodicalId":14042,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90714667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}