Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.011
A. Jafari, M. Ghoranneviss, M. Hantehzadeh
AB STRACT: Disordered T-shaped graphene nanodevice (TGN) was designed and studied in this paper. We demonstrated the intrinsic transport properties of the TGN by using Landauer approach. Knowing the transmission probability of an electron the current through the system is obtained using Landauer-Buttiker formalism. The effects of single disorder on conductance, current and on the transport length scales are studied using tight-binding model. It is demonstrated that the transport property of the TGN depends sensitively on the disorder positions. However, the current slightly depends on the disorder sites, but strongly depends on the geometry of TGN under small bias voltage. The mean free path in the system is reduced when the strength of disorder is sufficiently high and the mean free path patterns are found to strongly depend on the disorder position. Also observe that the current basically decreases with the stem height increase. We have found that zigzag graphene nanoribbons can be used as metal leads when we build graphene nanodevice based electronic devices.
{"title":"Conductance of T-shaped Graphene nanodevice with single disorder","authors":"A. Jafari, M. Ghoranneviss, M. Hantehzadeh","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"AB STRACT: Disordered T-shaped graphene nanodevice (TGN) was designed and studied in this paper. We demonstrated the intrinsic transport properties of the TGN by using Landauer approach. Knowing the transmission probability of an electron the current through the system is obtained using Landauer-Buttiker formalism. The effects of single disorder on conductance, current and on the transport length scales are studied using tight-binding model. It is demonstrated that the transport property of the TGN depends sensitively on the disorder positions. However, the current slightly depends on the disorder sites, but strongly depends on the geometry of TGN under small bias voltage. The mean free path in the system is reduced when the strength of disorder is sufficiently high and the mean free path patterns are found to strongly depend on the disorder position. Also observe that the current basically decreases with the stem height increase. We have found that zigzag graphene nanoribbons can be used as metal leads when we build graphene nanodevice based electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74256491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.005
N. Mansour, F. Mahboubi, N. Nahrjou
Having conducted fundamental projects, scientists have expressed their hope to develop the use of carbon nanotubes to release drugs. It is important to release drugs in cell without damaging healthy cells of tissues under study. Researchers have shown the fact that nanotubes can perform this function perfectly. To this objective, in the present study the interactions between four anti-cancer drugs with a carbon nanotube (CNT) (6,6), containing 60 carbon atoms, have been investigated. It is noteworthy that all of these drugs have functional groups, from which the reaction with the nanotube can take place. The Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have been performed by Beck, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) method and 6-31G(d) basis set for full optimization of drugs, nanotube and the formed complexes. The Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis and frequency calculations have been also performed for all structures using B3LYP method and 6-31G(d) basis set in 298K. According to the results, among all drugs under study, only two complexes between Carmustine and nanotube can be thermodynamically formed in 298K. The stability constants are calculated thereby showing a considerably large amount. Therefore, the nanotube can be a useful container for this drug. Also, NBO analysis shows that there exist hyperconjugative effects arising from an overlap between occupied orbitals in drugs and unoccupied orbitals in nanotube.
{"title":"DFT/NBO ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN A CNT AND ANTI-CANCER DRUGS","authors":"N. Mansour, F. Mahboubi, N. Nahrjou","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"Having conducted fundamental projects, scientists have expressed their hope to develop the use of carbon nanotubes to release drugs. It is important to release drugs in cell without damaging healthy cells of tissues under study. Researchers have shown the fact that nanotubes can perform this function perfectly. To this objective, in the present study the interactions between four anti-cancer drugs with a carbon nanotube (CNT) (6,6), containing 60 carbon atoms, have been investigated. It is noteworthy that all of these drugs have functional groups, from which the reaction with the nanotube can take place. The Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have been performed by Beck, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) method and 6-31G(d) basis set for full optimization of drugs, nanotube and the formed complexes. The Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis and frequency calculations have been also performed for all structures using B3LYP method and 6-31G(d) basis set in 298K. According to the results, among all drugs under study, only two complexes between Carmustine and nanotube can be thermodynamically formed in 298K. The stability constants are calculated thereby showing a considerably large amount. Therefore, the nanotube can be a useful container for this drug. Also, NBO analysis shows that there exist hyperconjugative effects arising from an overlap between occupied orbitals in drugs and unoccupied orbitals in nanotube.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87524205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.002
R. Ansari, H. Rouhi
In this paper, the stability characteristics of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) under the action of axial load are investigated. To this end, a nonlocal Flugge shell model is developed to accommodate the small length scale effects. The analytical Rayleigh-Ritz method with beam functions is applied to the variational statement derived from the Flugge-type buckling equations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to obtain the critical axial buckling loads of (8,8) armchair SWCNTs with different types of end conditions. Through comparison of the results obtained from the present analytical solution and the ones from molecular dynamics simulations, the appropriate values of nonlocal parameter are proposed for SWCNTs with different kinds of boundary conditions. The effects of nonlocal parameter and boundary conditions on the critical buckling load are also examined. Moreover, in spite of the uncertainty that exists in defining the in-plane stiffness and bending rigidity of nanotube, by adjusting the nonlocal parameter, the present nonlocal shell model is shown to be capable of predicting the MD simulations results.
{"title":"NONLOCAL FLUGGE SHELL MODEL FOR THE AXIAL BUCKLING OF SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES: AN ANALYTICAL APPROACH","authors":"R. Ansari, H. Rouhi","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the stability characteristics of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) under the action of axial load are investigated. To this end, a nonlocal Flugge shell model is developed to accommodate the small length scale effects. The analytical Rayleigh-Ritz method with beam functions is applied to the variational statement derived from the Flugge-type buckling equations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to obtain the critical axial buckling loads of (8,8) armchair SWCNTs with different types of end conditions. Through comparison of the results obtained from the present analytical solution and the ones from molecular dynamics simulations, the appropriate values of nonlocal parameter are proposed for SWCNTs with different kinds of boundary conditions. The effects of nonlocal parameter and boundary conditions on the critical buckling load are also examined. Moreover, in spite of the uncertainty that exists in defining the in-plane stiffness and bending rigidity of nanotube, by adjusting the nonlocal parameter, the present nonlocal shell model is shown to be capable of predicting the MD simulations results.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88588950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.001
G. Cheraghian
Recently, a renewed interest arises in the application of nanotechnology for the upstream petroleum industry. In particular, adding nanoparticles to uuids may drastically beneut enhanced oil recovery and improve well drilling, by changing the properties of the uuid, rocks wettability alteration, advanced drag reduction, strengthening the sand consolidation, reducing the inter-facial tension and incr easing the mobility of the capillary trapped oil. In this study, we focus on roles of nanoparticles on wettability. This paper therefore focuses on the reviews of the application of nano technology in chemical flooding process in oil recovery and reviews the application nano in polymer and surfactant flooding on the wettability process. ty ry r t fo f c = e e c no
最近，人们对纳米技术在上游石油工业中的应用产生了新的兴趣。特别是，在流体中添加纳米颗粒可以通过改变流体的性质、改变岩石的润湿性、进一步降低阻力、加强砂的固结、降低界面张力和增加毛管捕获油的流动性，从而大大提高石油采收率和改善钻井效果。在本研究中，我们重点研究了纳米颗粒在润湿性中的作用。本文综述了纳米技术在化学驱采油过程中的应用，综述了纳米技术在聚合物驱和表面活性剂驱润湿性过程中的应用。我试着去找c = c = c
{"title":"Effects of nanoparticles on wettability: A review on applications of nanotechnology in the enhanced Oil recovery","authors":"G. Cheraghian","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a renewed interest arises in the application of nanotechnology for the upstream petroleum industry. In particular, adding nanoparticles to uuids may drastically beneut enhanced oil recovery and improve well drilling, by changing the properties of the uuid, rocks wettability alteration, advanced drag reduction, strengthening the sand consolidation, reducing the inter-facial tension and incr easing the mobility of the capillary trapped oil. In this study, we focus on roles of nanoparticles on wettability. This paper therefore focuses on the reviews of the application of nano technology in chemical flooding process in oil recovery and reviews the application nano in polymer and surfactant flooding on the wettability process. ty ry r t fo f c = e e c no","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73622279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.010
M. Karimi, A. Shahidi
ABS TRACT: In this article, finite difference method (FDM) is used to solve sixth-order derivatives of differential equations in buckling analysis of nanoplates due to coupled surface energy and non-local elasticity theories. The uniform temperature change is used to study thermal effect. The small scale and surface energy effects are added into the governing equations using Eringen’s non-local elasticity and Gurtin-Murdoch’s theories, respectively. Two different boundary conditions including simply-supported and clamped boundary conditions are investigated. The numerical results are presented to demonstrate the difference between buckling obtained by considering the surface energy effects and that obtained without the consideration of surface properties. The results show that the finite difference method can be used as a powerful method to determine the mechanical behavior of nanoplates. In addition, this method can be used to solve higher-order derivatives of differential equations with different types of boundary condition with little computational effort. Moreover, it is observed that the effects of surface properties tend to increase in thinner and larger nanoplates; and vice versa.
{"title":"Finite difference method for sixth-order derivatives of differential equations in buckling of nanoplates due to coupled surface energy and non-local elasticity theories","authors":"M. Karimi, A. Shahidi","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"ABS TRACT: In this article, finite difference method (FDM) is used to solve sixth-order derivatives of differential equations in buckling analysis of nanoplates due to coupled surface energy and non-local elasticity theories. The uniform temperature change is used to study thermal effect. The small scale and surface energy effects are added into the governing equations using Eringen’s non-local elasticity and Gurtin-Murdoch’s theories, respectively. Two different boundary conditions including simply-supported and clamped boundary conditions are investigated. The numerical results are presented to demonstrate the difference between buckling obtained by considering the surface energy effects and that obtained without the consideration of surface properties. The results show that the finite difference method can be used as a powerful method to determine the mechanical behavior of nanoplates. In addition, this method can be used to solve higher-order derivatives of differential equations with different types of boundary condition with little computational effort. Moreover, it is observed that the effects of surface properties tend to increase in thinner and larger nanoplates; and vice versa.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74480367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.006
M. Heidari
The static pull-in instability of beam-type micro-electromechanical systems is theoretically investigated. Two engineering cases including cantilever and double cantilever micro-beam are considered. Considering the mid-plane stretching as the source of the nonlinearity in the beam behavior, a nonlinear size-dependent Euler-Bernoulli beam model is used based on a modified couple stress theory, capable of capturing the size effect. By selecting a range of geometric parameters such as beam lengths, width, thickness, gaps and size effect, we identify the static pull-in instability voltage. Back propagation artificial neural network with three functions have been used for modeling the static pull-in instability voltage of the micro cantilever beam. The network has four inputs of length, width, gap and the ratio of height to scale parameter of the beam as the independent process variables, and the output is static pull-in voltage of microbeam. Numerical data, employed for training the network and capabilities of the model in predicting the pull-in instability behavior has been verified. The output obtained from the neural network model is compared with numerical results, and the amount of relative error has been calculated. Based on this verification error, it is shown that the back propagation neural network has the average error of 6.36% in predicting pull-in voltage of the cantilever micro-beam.
{"title":"ESTIMATION OF PULL-IN INSTABILITY VOLTAGE OF EULER-BERNOULLI MICRO BEAM BY BACK PROPAGATION ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK","authors":"M. Heidari","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"The static pull-in instability of beam-type micro-electromechanical systems is theoretically investigated. Two engineering cases including cantilever and double cantilever micro-beam are considered. Considering the mid-plane stretching as the source of the nonlinearity in the beam behavior, a nonlinear size-dependent Euler-Bernoulli beam model is used based on a modified couple stress theory, capable of capturing the size effect. By selecting a range of geometric parameters such as beam lengths, width, thickness, gaps and size effect, we identify the static pull-in instability voltage. Back propagation artificial neural network with three functions have been used for modeling the static pull-in instability voltage of the micro cantilever beam. The network has four inputs of length, width, gap and the ratio of height to scale parameter of the beam as the independent process variables, and the output is static pull-in voltage of microbeam. Numerical data, employed for training the network and capabilities of the model in predicting the pull-in instability behavior has been verified. The output obtained from the neural network model is compared with numerical results, and the amount of relative error has been calculated. Based on this verification error, it is shown that the back propagation neural network has the average error of 6.36% in predicting pull-in voltage of the cantilever micro-beam.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73946490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.008
V. Parvaneh, M. Shariati, A. Nezakati
In this paper, a new method is proposed for the production of MWCNTs/PVC (multi-walled carbon nanotubes/ polyvinyl chloride) nanocomposites. In this method, a spray is used to produce layers of carbon nanotubes within a PVC matrix. Various parameters influence the production of the nanocomposite and its mechanical properties. These parameters are studied separately and the effect of each of parameter is calculated. All of the results of the statistical methods are obtained from experimental tensile testing. Results indicated that the most important parameter associated with constituents is the weight percent of carbon nanotube while the most important parameter associated with production is the mold surface temperature. The interaction effect of the two ultimately effective parameters on each other is also analyzed, and the relevant diagrams of the Young modulus and the ultimate tensile strength are prepared as well. Values of the Young modulus and the ultimate tensile strength are obtained for different weight percent values of the carbon nanotube.
{"title":"Statistical analysis of the parameters influencing the mechanical properties of layered MWCNTs/PVC nanocomposites","authors":"V. Parvaneh, M. Shariati, A. Nezakati","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new method is proposed for the production of MWCNTs/PVC (multi-walled carbon nanotubes/ polyvinyl chloride) nanocomposites. In this method, a spray is used to produce layers of carbon nanotubes within a PVC matrix. Various parameters influence the production of the nanocomposite and its mechanical properties. These parameters are studied separately and the effect of each of parameter is calculated. All of the results of the statistical methods are obtained from experimental tensile testing. Results indicated that the most important parameter associated with constituents is the weight percent of carbon nanotube while the most important parameter associated with production is the mold surface temperature. The interaction effect of the two ultimately effective parameters on each other is also analyzed, and the relevant diagrams of the Young modulus and the ultimate tensile strength are prepared as well. Values of the Young modulus and the ultimate tensile strength are obtained for different weight percent values of the carbon nanotube.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74406486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.007
G. Moradi, S. Seyedi
Liquefaction is one of the most important and complex topics in geotechnical earthquake engineering. In recent years, passive site stabilization method has been proposed for non-disruptive mitigation of liquefaction risk at developed sites susceptible to liquefaction using colloidal nano-silica stabilizer. In this research, 4 box models were used to investigate the ability to uniformly deliver colloidal nano-silica stabilizer to liquefiable loose mixes of sand with variations in silt content from 0 to 30% using 5 low-head injection and 2 extraction wells. After delivery was completed the models were cured for 30 days. Then the treated soil was excavated and a few samples were extracted for dynamic loading testing. According to the results, colloidal silica can be delivered uniformly in silty sand formations. With the same conditions, the amount of fine grained soil (silt content) strongly affected delivery time. The passive stabilization method can be appropriate for deposits with up to 20% fine graded silt, a concentration of 5 wt% colloidal silica is expected to be able to effectively mitigate the liquefaction risk of these deposits. The strains during seismic cyclic loading will probably be less than 3% and little permanent strain should result.
{"title":"Evaluation of uniform delivery of colloidal nano-Silica stabilizer to liquefiable silty sands","authors":"G. Moradi, S. Seyedi","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"Liquefaction is one of the most important and complex topics in geotechnical earthquake engineering. In recent years, passive site stabilization method has been proposed for non-disruptive mitigation of liquefaction risk at developed sites susceptible to liquefaction using colloidal nano-silica stabilizer. In this research, 4 box models were used to investigate the ability to uniformly deliver colloidal nano-silica stabilizer to liquefiable loose mixes of sand with variations in silt content from 0 to 30% using 5 low-head injection and 2 extraction wells. After delivery was completed the models were cured for 30 days. Then the treated soil was excavated and a few samples were extracted for dynamic loading testing. According to the results, colloidal silica can be delivered uniformly in silty sand formations. With the same conditions, the amount of fine grained soil (silt content) strongly affected delivery time. The passive stabilization method can be appropriate for deposits with up to 20% fine graded silt, a concentration of 5 wt% colloidal silica is expected to be able to effectively mitigate the liquefaction risk of these deposits. The strains during seismic cyclic loading will probably be less than 3% and little permanent strain should result.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77324588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.004
M. Dadgar, N. Kalkhorani
Quinazolinone derivatives are essential units in a wide range of relevant pharmacophores with a broad spectrum of abilities. Due to their wide range of pharmacological and therapeutic activities including anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, anticancer, and anti-ulcer, the synthesis of quinazolinone moieties as a privileged class of fused heterocyclic compounds, have received much attention. An efficient and one-pot three components route was developed for the synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones using commercially available starting materials. In order to synthesis of target compounds in good to excellent yields, a reaction between isatoic anhydride, acylchlorides, and amines in the presence of propylsulfamic acid functionalized magnetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticle (a-Fe 2 O 3 -HAp- (CH 2 ) 3 -NHSO 3 H), as a highly efficient and magnetically separable Bronsted acid catalyst, was performed. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum and the residue was recrystallized from 96% EtOH to give 2, 3-disubstituted 4-(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives in high yield. The reaction condition including the solvents, the amount of (a-Fe 2 O 3 -HAp-(CH 2 ) 3 -NHSO 3 H), reaction time and required temperature was optimized.
{"title":"[γ-Fe2O3-HAp-(CH2)3-NHSO3H] nanoparticles as a highly efficient and magnetically separable catalyst for green one-pot synthesis of 4(3H)-Quinazolinones","authors":"M. Dadgar, N. Kalkhorani","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"Quinazolinone derivatives are essential units in a wide range of relevant pharmacophores with a broad spectrum of abilities. Due to their wide range of pharmacological and therapeutic activities including anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, anticancer, and anti-ulcer, the synthesis of quinazolinone moieties as a privileged class of fused heterocyclic compounds, have received much attention. An efficient and one-pot three components route was developed for the synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones using commercially available starting materials. In order to synthesis of target compounds in good to excellent yields, a reaction between isatoic anhydride, acylchlorides, and amines in the presence of propylsulfamic acid functionalized magnetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticle (a-Fe 2 O 3 -HAp- (CH 2 ) 3 -NHSO 3 H), as a highly efficient and magnetically separable Bronsted acid catalyst, was performed. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum and the residue was recrystallized from 96% EtOH to give 2, 3-disubstituted 4-(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives in high yield. The reaction condition including the solvents, the amount of (a-Fe 2 O 3 -HAp-(CH 2 ) 3 -NHSO 3 H), reaction time and required temperature was optimized.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86594509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.7508/IJND.2015.05.009
R. Aghayari, H. Maddah, J. B. Arani, H. Mohammadiun, E. Nikpanje
One way to increase the heat transfer is to use perforated twisted tapes with different hole diameters, which largely improve heat transfer with an increase in the heat transfer area at the constant volume and more mixed flow. In the previous studies, the effect of nanofluids with perforated twisted tapes is less studied. In this work, the performance of water / iron oxide nanofluid in a double pipe heat exchanger with perforated twisted tapes is investigated under turbulent flow regime. Reynolds number considered is in the range between 2500 to 20500. Iron oxide nanoparticles with diameter of 15 nm are used as nanofluid with the concentration range from 0.12 to 0.2% by volume. The results showed that the addition of nanoparticles increases the heat transfer and the Nusselt number. Also, reducing the twist ratio (H/D=2.5) of perforated twisted tape and using the nanofluid with concentration of 0.2%v/v increase this value by 130%.
{"title":"AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER OF FE2O3/WATER NANOFLUID IN A DOUBLE PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER","authors":"R. Aghayari, H. Maddah, J. B. Arani, H. Mohammadiun, E. Nikpanje","doi":"10.7508/IJND.2015.05.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7508/IJND.2015.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"One way to increase the heat transfer is to use perforated twisted tapes with different hole diameters, which largely improve heat transfer with an increase in the heat transfer area at the constant volume and more mixed flow. In the previous studies, the effect of nanofluids with perforated twisted tapes is less studied. In this work, the performance of water / iron oxide nanofluid in a double pipe heat exchanger with perforated twisted tapes is investigated under turbulent flow regime. Reynolds number considered is in the range between 2500 to 20500. Iron oxide nanoparticles with diameter of 15 nm are used as nanofluid with the concentration range from 0.12 to 0.2% by volume. The results showed that the addition of nanoparticles increases the heat transfer and the Nusselt number. Also, reducing the twist ratio (H/D=2.5) of perforated twisted tape and using the nanofluid with concentration of 0.2%v/v increase this value by 130%.","PeriodicalId":14081,"journal":{"name":"international journal of nano dimension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73548969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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