Pub Date : 2020-12-06DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.241120.133.708
Y. B. Samoseenko, M. Nalisko, O. Tymoshenko, V. M. Сherneta
. Problem statement. One of the most important problems of human existence on Earth is the problem of environmental safety. The problem of environmental safety by its nature can not be attributed only to the field of natural sciences or to the field of social sciences, as it covers a complex set of relationships between man and his surrounding nature. Thus, in Ukraine, the development of society, the state of economic and social relations inextricably depends on the quality and size of available resources of the environment, which indicates the merging of resource and environmental threats. Environmental issues are an organic interweaving of economic, political, legal, ethical, as well as scientific and technological components. All human activity, including scientific, was aimed at revealing the secrets of nature to the fullest extent, curbing and subordinating it to the satisfaction of its diverse and constantly growing needs. The purpose of the article is to establish the place of threats of the human factor and their result in the system of ecological safety of Ukraine and to provide proposals for their solution. Conclusion. It has been established that environmental safety as a negation of environmental threats of local, regional and global proportions should include a factor in solving social crises that lead to technological disasters. Ensuring environmental safety in the form of solving environmental problems is impossible without eliminating social threats, guarantees the citizens of Ukraine development and living in safety. The level of national security that has developed and will continue to develop in Ukraine is determined by the level of the state administration system. Therefore, one of such strategically important approaches to the natural and technogenic security of Ukraine should be the formation of an effective system of state and administrative mechanisms for protecting the safety of man, nature and society.
{"title":"Challenges and ways to improve ecological safety in Ukraine","authors":"Y. B. Samoseenko, M. Nalisko, O. Tymoshenko, V. M. Сherneta","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.241120.133.708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.241120.133.708","url":null,"abstract":". Problem statement. One of the most important problems of human existence on Earth is the problem of environmental safety. The problem of environmental safety by its nature can not be attributed only to the field of natural sciences or to the field of social sciences, as it covers a complex set of relationships between man and his surrounding nature. Thus, in Ukraine, the development of society, the state of economic and social relations inextricably depends on the quality and size of available resources of the environment, which indicates the merging of resource and environmental threats. Environmental issues are an organic interweaving of economic, political, legal, ethical, as well as scientific and technological components. All human activity, including scientific, was aimed at revealing the secrets of nature to the fullest extent, curbing and subordinating it to the satisfaction of its diverse and constantly growing needs. The purpose of the article is to establish the place of threats of the human factor and their result in the system of ecological safety of Ukraine and to provide proposals for their solution. Conclusion. It has been established that environmental safety as a negation of environmental threats of local, regional and global proportions should include a factor in solving social crises that lead to technological disasters. Ensuring environmental safety in the form of solving environmental problems is impossible without eliminating social threats, guarantees the citizens of Ukraine development and living in safety. The level of national security that has developed and will continue to develop in Ukraine is determined by the level of the state administration system. Therefore, one of such strategically important approaches to the natural and technogenic security of Ukraine should be the formation of an effective system of state and administrative mechanisms for protecting the safety of man, nature and society.","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125685096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-06DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.241120.111.705
V. Kolosyuk, V. Chebenko, A. Kolosyuk, Yu. M. Bredun
Formulation of the problem. Protective blackout is used as a means of electrical safety in electrical installations. By disconnecting the voltage for a sufficiently short time, a person who accidentally comes under voltage is de-energized and, as experience shows, remains alive without receiving dangerous injuries [1]. Protective shutdown is carried out by current leakage protection equipment, which is regulated by the Coal Mine Safety Rules and the safety rules of other galleys that conduct underground work and use an electrical power supply system with isolated neutral. But the equipment may not operate as a result of failures of its structural elements, especially elements of the electrical circuit, i.e. insufficient reliability of the equipment. Practical experience suggests that all deaths from electric shocks that occur annually in mines arise with an inactive protective shutdown system, but in literature these issues and the role of reliability are not adequately addressed. The purpose of the article is to disclose the conditions for reducing the risk of electrical injuries by applying protective voltage isolation in the power supply system and to justify recommendations on the acceptable level of its reliability to reduce the risk of electrical injuries. Conclusion. It is advisable to consider the logical-mathematical diagram of the formation of electrical injury as a “tree” of failures of electrical protective equipment in the power supply system of consumers with an isolated neutral of the supply transformer. To substantiate the mathematical model of electric trauma and to establish a relationship between the probability of failure-free operation of the system of protective shutdown Reveal the value of the reliability of protective shutdown of voltage in reducing the likelihood of damage and substantiate the formula for determining the necessary level of reliability of protective shutdown equipment, depending on the permissible risk of electrical injury.
{"title":"Justification of the role and reliability of systems of protective disconnection of voltage to determine the accepted risk of electric injury","authors":"V. Kolosyuk, V. Chebenko, A. Kolosyuk, Yu. M. Bredun","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.241120.111.705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.241120.111.705","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. Protective blackout is used as a means of electrical safety in electrical installations. By disconnecting the voltage for a sufficiently short time, a person who accidentally comes under voltage is de-energized and, as experience shows, remains alive without receiving dangerous injuries [1]. Protective shutdown is carried out by current leakage protection equipment, which is regulated by the Coal Mine Safety Rules and the safety rules of other galleys that conduct underground work and use an electrical power supply system with isolated neutral. But the equipment may not operate as a result of failures of its structural elements, especially elements of the electrical circuit, i.e. insufficient reliability of the equipment. Practical experience suggests that all deaths from electric shocks that occur annually in mines arise with an inactive protective shutdown system, but in literature these issues and the role of reliability are not adequately addressed. The purpose of the article is to disclose the conditions for reducing the risk of electrical injuries by applying protective voltage isolation in the power supply system and to justify recommendations on the acceptable level of its reliability to reduce the risk of electrical injuries. Conclusion. It is advisable to consider the logical-mathematical diagram of the formation of electrical injury as a “tree” of failures of electrical protective equipment in the power supply system of consumers with an isolated neutral of the supply transformer. To substantiate the mathematical model of electric trauma and to establish a relationship between the probability of failure-free operation of the system of protective shutdown Reveal the value of the reliability of protective shutdown of voltage in reducing the likelihood of damage and substantiate the formula for determining the necessary level of reliability of protective shutdown equipment, depending on the permissible risk of electrical injury.","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131517597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-02DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.154.683
N. Kulichenko
Landscape and zoning-landscape systems in the structure of stop-territorial spaces of cities and settlements of different levels of hierarchy the classification of these landscapes, stop-landscape and zoning-landscape systems. These systems are from the standpoint of the hierarchical manifestation of the constituent elements of the stop-territorial spaces. In the general case, each landscape, stop-landscape and zoning-landscape system into account the peculiarities of perception and disclosure of stop-territorial spaces. The stop-landscape system is generalized in the case of zoning-landscape object-spatial environmental ZLOSE-system. The in turn, is a subsystem of the universal ZLOSUE-system. In the ZLOSE-system, at one more parameter (for example, light-color or sound) of the universal space of sensations of the “average” is added to the consideration of landscape, stop-landscape and zoning-landscape parameters. and zoning-landscape the and zoning-landscape systems of the “infra-zone”. Conclusion . The harmonization of space on the basis of consideration and harmonization of light-colored object-spatial environmental systems and their subsystems in the structure of stop-territorial spaces contributes to the harmonization of the living environment of the population of demo-ecosystems. In turn, this harmonization contributes to improving the quality of life of the population (in particular, users of the stop and the entire stop-territorial space).
{"title":"Through-classification of zoning-landscape object-spatial environmental systems in the structure of stopping spaces","authors":"N. Kulichenko","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.154.683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.154.683","url":null,"abstract":"Landscape and zoning-landscape systems in the structure of stop-territorial spaces of cities and settlements of different levels of hierarchy the classification of these landscapes, stop-landscape and zoning-landscape systems. These systems are from the standpoint of the hierarchical manifestation of the constituent elements of the stop-territorial spaces. In the general case, each landscape, stop-landscape and zoning-landscape system into account the peculiarities of perception and disclosure of stop-territorial spaces. The stop-landscape system is generalized in the case of zoning-landscape object-spatial environmental ZLOSE-system. The in turn, is a subsystem of the universal ZLOSUE-system. In the ZLOSE-system, at one more parameter (for example, light-color or sound) of the universal space of sensations of the “average” is added to the consideration of landscape, stop-landscape and zoning-landscape parameters. and zoning-landscape the and zoning-landscape systems of the “infra-zone”. Conclusion . The harmonization of space on the basis of consideration and harmonization of light-colored object-spatial environmental systems and their subsystems in the structure of stop-territorial spaces contributes to the harmonization of the living environment of the population of demo-ecosystems. In turn, this harmonization contributes to improving the quality of life of the population (in particular, users of the stop and the entire stop-territorial space).","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125595032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-02DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.176.685
S. Shekhorkina, A. Abbas, T. Nikiforova
Problem statement. The use of timber in multi-storey buildings is a promising direction in terms of reducing the impact of the construction industry on the environment. Hybrid buildings represent a rational combination of timber as the main structural material and reinforced concrete for spatial stability providing. At present time there are no recommendations for the choice of structural system of multi-storey hybrid buildings, the issues of joint work and stressstrain state of load-bearing structures of timber and reinforced concrete in the spatial system of multi-storey buildings are insufficiently studied. The article is devoted to the analysis of the stress-strain state of hybrid timber-reinforced concrete multi-storey buildings. In the study, the number of storeys of the building was accepted of 5, 10 and 15 floors. The type of the joints between of the load-bearing structures and the method of ensuring spatial rigidity, namely the number and location of the shear walls and the rigidity core, were varied. For each option, a spatial finite element model was compiled and a static load analysis was performed in accordance with the requirements of current design standards. Results and conclusion. The data on the magnitude of the horizontal displacements of the upper part of the building, as well as the maximum values of the forces from adverse combinations of loads, were obtained. The analysis of the stability of the building and the bearing capacity of timber columns were performed. Based on the results obtained, the recommendations are proposed for choosing a structural scheme, a method for ensuring the spatial rigidity of a building, as well as assigning cross-sectional dimensions at the initial stage of the design of a hybrid timber-reinforced concrete multi-storey building.
{"title":"Investigation of the stress-strain state of hybrid timber-reinforced concrete multi-storey buildings","authors":"S. Shekhorkina, A. Abbas, T. Nikiforova","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.176.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.176.685","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement. The use of timber in multi-storey buildings is a promising direction in terms of reducing the impact of the construction industry on the environment. Hybrid buildings represent a rational combination of timber as the main structural material and reinforced concrete for spatial stability providing. At present time there are no recommendations for the choice of structural system of multi-storey hybrid buildings, the issues of joint work and stressstrain state of load-bearing structures of timber and reinforced concrete in the spatial system of multi-storey buildings are insufficiently studied. The article is devoted to the analysis of the stress-strain state of hybrid timber-reinforced concrete multi-storey buildings. In the study, the number of storeys of the building was accepted of 5, 10 and 15 floors. The type of the joints between of the load-bearing structures and the method of ensuring spatial rigidity, namely the number and location of the shear walls and the rigidity core, were varied. For each option, a spatial finite element model was compiled and a static load analysis was performed in accordance with the requirements of current design standards. Results and conclusion. The data on the magnitude of the horizontal displacements of the upper part of the building, as well as the maximum values of the forces from adverse combinations of loads, were obtained. The analysis of the stability of the building and the bearing capacity of timber columns were performed. Based on the results obtained, the recommendations are proposed for choosing a structural scheme, a method for ensuring the spatial rigidity of a building, as well as assigning cross-sectional dimensions at the initial stage of the design of a hybrid timber-reinforced concrete multi-storey building.","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115945953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-02DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.73.677
I. Popovychenko, Y. Kovalenko-Marchenkova, M. Borodin, K. Spyrydonova
. In April of 1975 the Department of Construction Economics was established in Dnipropetrovsk Civil Engineering Institute (DCEI) which was renamed into Prydniprovsky State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (PSACEA) in the early nineties. At that time 14 tutors worked, including 7 associate professors with Ph. D. degrees. Since 1975 until 1986 Assoc. Prof., Ph. D. V. Nahornyi was a head of the department. Since 1987 until 2003 the department of Construction Economics of DCEI was governed by Doctor of Science (hab.), Prof. L. Drahun – another famous scientist who did his research analyzing the effectiveness of the enterprise assets management. In 1991 a new specialty “Construction Economics and Management” was introduced in PSACEA and in 1991 a new Economics Faculty was established with both full-time and part-time tuitions. The Economics Faculty has 5 different specialties, one of them is “Enterprise Economics”. In 2003 the Department of Construction Economics was renamed into the department of Enterprise Economics. Besides the academic and research studies according to the profile specialty “Enterprise Economics” the develop feasibility studies in their production activity, to introduce new approaches for the investment budget calculations; also helps to solve various problems of the construction effectiveness increase in the city of Dnipro and in the whole region.
{"title":"History of the department of economics and entrepreneurship","authors":"I. Popovychenko, Y. Kovalenko-Marchenkova, M. Borodin, K. Spyrydonova","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.73.677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.220920.73.677","url":null,"abstract":". In April of 1975 the Department of Construction Economics was established in Dnipropetrovsk Civil Engineering Institute (DCEI) which was renamed into Prydniprovsky State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (PSACEA) in the early nineties. At that time 14 tutors worked, including 7 associate professors with Ph. D. degrees. Since 1975 until 1986 Assoc. Prof., Ph. D. V. Nahornyi was a head of the department. Since 1987 until 2003 the department of Construction Economics of DCEI was governed by Doctor of Science (hab.), Prof. L. Drahun – another famous scientist who did his research analyzing the effectiveness of the enterprise assets management. In 1991 a new specialty “Construction Economics and Management” was introduced in PSACEA and in 1991 a new Economics Faculty was established with both full-time and part-time tuitions. The Economics Faculty has 5 different specialties, one of them is “Enterprise Economics”. In 2003 the Department of Construction Economics was renamed into the department of Enterprise Economics. Besides the academic and research studies according to the profile specialty “Enterprise Economics” the develop feasibility studies in their production activity, to introduce new approaches for the investment budget calculations; also helps to solve various problems of the construction effectiveness increase in the city of Dnipro and in the whole region.","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125212076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-13DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.010920.47.653
Yu. I. Dubrov
. Introduction . Considering that in the article [1], along with logical bifurcations, there are alogical bifurcations, it became necessary to clarify their sources. For this purpose, the analysis of possible sources of illogical bifurcations is carried out. At the same time, illogical bifurcations found in various fields of science are mentioned. Main part. As a working hypothesis, the author proposes to include always an axiom in his research: illogical bifurcations of open systems appear when control parameters are determined directly by an anthropomorphic system. The proposed hypothesis is based on the fact that synonyms, replacing, for example, the names of objects of recognition, do so at the inspiration of an anthropomorphic system or borrow them from the long-term memory of an open system, which reduces the likelihood of illogical bifurcations. It is assumed that the emergence of illogical bifurcations of open systems is a consequence of the cooperation of a pre-existing, perhaps even genetic memory, with its present memory. As practice has shown, it is practically impossible to exclude illogical bifurcation from a person's long-term memory. In this regard, the assumption arises that this bifurcation is perceived by the anthropomorphic system as organic, which makes it chronic. It is assumed that illogical bifurcations appear if and only if control parameters are generated by the influx of an anthropomorphic system. In order to identify the reasons for the occurrence of illogical bifurcations, a synergistic analysis of their occurrence with actual facts was carried out. The paper considers the issues of parasitism of pseudo-authors, which allow undeservedly misappropriating other people's achievements with references to their synergistic nature. Conclusions. A synergistic interpretation of the bifurcations of open systems suggests that the occurrence of illogical bifurcations is a result of the cooperation of the existing long-term memory with the current memory.
{"title":"Synergetic interpretation of alogic bifurcations of open systems","authors":"Yu. I. Dubrov","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.010920.47.653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.010920.47.653","url":null,"abstract":". Introduction . Considering that in the article [1], along with logical bifurcations, there are alogical bifurcations, it became necessary to clarify their sources. For this purpose, the analysis of possible sources of illogical bifurcations is carried out. At the same time, illogical bifurcations found in various fields of science are mentioned. Main part. As a working hypothesis, the author proposes to include always an axiom in his research: illogical bifurcations of open systems appear when control parameters are determined directly by an anthropomorphic system. The proposed hypothesis is based on the fact that synonyms, replacing, for example, the names of objects of recognition, do so at the inspiration of an anthropomorphic system or borrow them from the long-term memory of an open system, which reduces the likelihood of illogical bifurcations. It is assumed that the emergence of illogical bifurcations of open systems is a consequence of the cooperation of a pre-existing, perhaps even genetic memory, with its present memory. As practice has shown, it is practically impossible to exclude illogical bifurcation from a person's long-term memory. In this regard, the assumption arises that this bifurcation is perceived by the anthropomorphic system as organic, which makes it chronic. It is assumed that illogical bifurcations appear if and only if control parameters are generated by the influx of an anthropomorphic system. In order to identify the reasons for the occurrence of illogical bifurcations, a synergistic analysis of their occurrence with actual facts was carried out. The paper considers the issues of parasitism of pseudo-authors, which allow undeservedly misappropriating other people's achievements with references to their synergistic nature. Conclusions. A synergistic interpretation of the bifurcations of open systems suggests that the occurrence of illogical bifurcations is a result of the cooperation of the existing long-term memory with the current memory.","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124972555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.101.646
S. Solohubova, V. Shyyan, O. Lakhno, O. Chelnokov, Ye. V. Molchanov
. Problem statement. The work compares the indicators of physical condition of the first-year students of the architectural and technical faculties and proves the necessity of making appropriate changes to the curriculum in the discipline of "Physical Education" for the second-year students. Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of data, pedagogical observation, pedagogical testing, anthropometric research methods, functional methods of cardio-respiratory system research and methods of mathematical statistics. It was found out that most of the physical development indicators of the girls surveyed are in compliance with the normative, and do not need additional influence or deliberate correction of body weight. In addition, the necessity to make additional changes to the curricula of different faculties in the discipline of "Physical Education" for the students during their second year of study was substantiated:
{"title":"Comparative analysis of indicators of morpho-functional status and physical fitness of students","authors":"S. Solohubova, V. Shyyan, O. Lakhno, O. Chelnokov, Ye. V. Molchanov","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.101.646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.101.646","url":null,"abstract":". Problem statement. The work compares the indicators of physical condition of the first-year students of the architectural and technical faculties and proves the necessity of making appropriate changes to the curriculum in the discipline of \"Physical Education\" for the second-year students. Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of data, pedagogical observation, pedagogical testing, anthropometric research methods, functional methods of cardio-respiratory system research and methods of mathematical statistics. It was found out that most of the physical development indicators of the girls surveyed are in compliance with the normative, and do not need additional influence or deliberate correction of body weight. In addition, the necessity to make additional changes to the curricula of different faculties in the discipline of \"Physical Education\" for the students during their second year of study was substantiated:","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"407 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115331743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.46.640
T. O. Dergach, G. D. Sukhomlyn, A. Balev, D. Sukhomlyn
Цель работы − исследование и уточнение ускоренных электрохимических методов испытания аустенитных коррозионностойких сталей на стойкость против межкристаллитной коррозии (МКК) и представление рекомендаций по их широкому использованию. Методики. Сравнительные испытания на стойкость против МКК длительными и ускоренными методами проводили на образцах сталей 03Х18Н11, 08Х18Н10Т, 03Х17Н14М3 и 02Х25Н22АМ3, не склонных к МКК и с разными степенями склонности к МКК. В качестве длительных применяли наиболее распространенные согласно ГОСТ 6032 методы АМУ и ДУ, а в качестве ускоренных − электрохимические методы по ГОСТ 9.914, а также метод электролитического травления металлографических шлифов в течение 1,5 мин. в 10 % растворе щавелевой кислоты при плотности анодного тока 1 А/см 2 (ТЩК). Дополнительно проводили электрохимические исследования сталей путем построения анодных потенциодинамических кривых (АПК) и потенциостатического травления образцов в растворе хлорной кислоты и натрия хлорида (ПТ). Механизм коррозии на границах зёрен исследовался методом химического анализа испытательных растворов на содержание ионов основных легирующих элементов сталей и определением скоростей растворения сталей и искусственных карбидов в переходной и транспассивной областях потенциалов. Микроструктуры сталей после испытаний исследовали методами световой металлографии. Результаты. Получены результаты комплексных сравнительных испытаний аустенитных коррозионностойких сталей на стойкость против МКК длительными и ускоренными электрохимическими методами. Определены механизмы коррозии на границах зерен сталей при испытании электрохимическими и соответствующими им длительными методами по ГОСТ 6032. Научная новизна. Предложены новые количественные критерии удовлетворительной стойкости сталей против МКК при испытании по методу ПТ. Практическая значимость. Рекомендовано применение ускоренных электрохимических методов ПТ и ТЩК в качестве приемо-сдаточных испытаний сталей на стойкость против МКК для сокращения технологического цикла и повышения эффективности производства продукции.
其目的是研究和澄清奥氏体腐蚀试验的加速电化学方法，以抵抗晶间腐蚀(mk)，并提供广泛使用的建议。方法论。对mcc的耐药性进行了较长的、加速的试验，取样为03x18h11、08x1810t、03x17h14m3和02x25n22am3。根据6032号客人的amu和du方法和9.914的加速电化学方法以及阳极电流1 a / cm 2 (tsk)密度为10%的盐酸电解腐蚀方法。此外，还对钢材进行了电化学研究，研究了阳极电位动力学曲线(apc)和氯化钠氯化钠(pt)中样品的电位抑制腐蚀。黄原胶边界腐蚀机制通过化学分析试剂来确定钢元素的离子含量，并确定钢和人造碳化物溶液在过渡和横跨潜力领域的速率。测试后，钢的微结构被光照金属法分析。结果。奥氏体腐蚀性钢对耐药性耐药性的综合比较试验结果出来了。在测试电化学及相关长期方法时，在钢粒边界内确定了腐蚀机制。科学新颖。在tt测试中，提供了新的数量标准，以满足钢铁的耐久性。实用价值。建议使用tpp和tcc加速电化学方法作为钢铁耐久性测试，以降低技术周期和提高产品效率。
{"title":"Accelerated electrochemical methods of testing austenitic corrosion resistant steels for resistance to intercrystallite corrosion","authors":"T. O. Dergach, G. D. Sukhomlyn, A. Balev, D. Sukhomlyn","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.46.640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.46.640","url":null,"abstract":"Цель работы − исследование и уточнение ускоренных электрохимических методов испытания аустенитных коррозионностойких сталей на стойкость против межкристаллитной коррозии (МКК) и представление рекомендаций по их широкому использованию. Методики. Сравнительные испытания на стойкость против МКК длительными и ускоренными методами проводили на образцах сталей 03Х18Н11, 08Х18Н10Т, 03Х17Н14М3 и 02Х25Н22АМ3, не склонных к МКК и с разными степенями склонности к МКК. В качестве длительных применяли наиболее распространенные согласно ГОСТ 6032 методы АМУ и ДУ, а в качестве ускоренных − электрохимические методы по ГОСТ 9.914, а также метод электролитического травления металлографических шлифов в течение 1,5 мин. в 10 % растворе щавелевой кислоты при плотности анодного тока 1 А/см 2 (ТЩК). Дополнительно проводили электрохимические исследования сталей путем построения анодных потенциодинамических кривых (АПК) и потенциостатического травления образцов в растворе хлорной кислоты и натрия хлорида (ПТ). Механизм коррозии на границах зёрен исследовался методом химического анализа испытательных растворов на содержание ионов основных легирующих элементов сталей и определением скоростей растворения сталей и искусственных карбидов в переходной и транспассивной областях потенциалов. Микроструктуры сталей после испытаний исследовали методами световой металлографии. Результаты. Получены результаты комплексных сравнительных испытаний аустенитных коррозионностойких сталей на стойкость против МКК длительными и ускоренными электрохимическими методами. Определены механизмы коррозии на границах зерен сталей при испытании электрохимическими и соответствующими им длительными методами по ГОСТ 6032. Научная новизна. Предложены новые количественные критерии удовлетворительной стойкости сталей против МКК при испытании по методу ПТ. Практическая значимость. Рекомендовано применение ускоренных электрохимических методов ПТ и ТЩК в качестве приемо-сдаточных испытаний сталей на стойкость против МКК для сокращения технологического цикла и повышения эффективности производства продукции.","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116616695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.10.636
M AgieievaG., К. P. Kafiev
{"title":"Problems of large-scale infrastructure facilities reconstruction after a long break","authors":"M AgieievaG., К. P. Kafiev","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.10.636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.070720.10.636","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115227650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-15DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.260220.67.612
T. Kravchunovska, Y. Zaiats, A. Kosolapov, S. V. Yepifantseva
Problem statement. Features of high-rise construction are to ensure the growth of energy and resource-saving indicators of high-rise buildings, to reduce the duration of construction of high-rise buildings and reduce the cost of finished construction products, to reduce operating costs, to introduce construction technologies that will ensure biosphere compatibility of high-rise buildings. Purpose of the article . Analysis of the foreign experience of high-rise construction and justification of the appropriateness of its application for the Ukrainian practice of high-rise construction in the development of construction designs in the conditions of domestic development. Conclusion . Despite the fact that in Ukraine cottage construction is in its infancy, and the majority of the population is not yet ready to live all year round in the country, especially since the cost of land in the country is quite high, the experience of European countries is most valuable for the Ukrainian practice of high-rise construction, namely: a consistent concentration of forces in a very limited number of sections; submission of building design to the principles of integrated urbanism with the complexity of development and the location of transport networks at several levels; ensuring the complexity of development by combining objects of various functional purposes in buildings, the space-planning decisions of which most harmoniously correspond to their functions; a combination in the development of a wide range of buildings (offices, hotels, public services, educational institutions, trade, entertainment and sports) in order to create a large number of jobs for the majority of the population of the complex and its full service. In the short term, one should expect just such an orientation in the development of high-rise construction in Ukraine.
{"title":"Systematization of world experience of high-rise construction and substantiation of expediency of its application under the conditions of ukrainian building design development","authors":"T. Kravchunovska, Y. Zaiats, A. Kosolapov, S. V. Yepifantseva","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.260220.67.612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.260220.67.612","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement. Features of high-rise construction are to ensure the growth of energy and resource-saving indicators of high-rise buildings, to reduce the duration of construction of high-rise buildings and reduce the cost of finished construction products, to reduce operating costs, to introduce construction technologies that will ensure biosphere compatibility of high-rise buildings. Purpose of the article . Analysis of the foreign experience of high-rise construction and justification of the appropriateness of its application for the Ukrainian practice of high-rise construction in the development of construction designs in the conditions of domestic development. Conclusion . Despite the fact that in Ukraine cottage construction is in its infancy, and the majority of the population is not yet ready to live all year round in the country, especially since the cost of land in the country is quite high, the experience of European countries is most valuable for the Ukrainian practice of high-rise construction, namely: a consistent concentration of forces in a very limited number of sections; submission of building design to the principles of integrated urbanism with the complexity of development and the location of transport networks at several levels; ensuring the complexity of development by combining objects of various functional purposes in buildings, the space-planning decisions of which most harmoniously correspond to their functions; a combination in the development of a wide range of buildings (offices, hotels, public services, educational institutions, trade, entertainment and sports) in order to create a large number of jobs for the majority of the population of the complex and its full service. In the short term, one should expect just such an orientation in the development of high-rise construction in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":140933,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"401 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122820097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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