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Experimental Study of the Behavior of Horizontally Buoyant Turbulent Jet Flames in Acoustic Waves 水平浮力湍流射流火焰在声波中的行为实验研究
Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i3.9346
Ben Wang, Qiang Wang
Natural gas is most commonly transported by pipeline. However, leaks sometimes occur during transport, often leading to jet fires that cause substantial economic damage and property damage. It is therefore crucial to improve the efficiency of jet fire suppression. This paper focuses on the change of flame morphology of horizontal jet fires under different boundary conditions (acoustic pressure, frequency and jet exit velocity) and experimentally analyses the horizontal, vertical and trajectory length variation laws of the flame. Then a prediction model relating the horizontal length, vertical length and trajectory length of the horizontal jet flame under the action of acoustic waves is established.
天然气最常通过管道运输。然而,在运输过程中有时会发生泄漏,经常导致喷气式飞机起火,造成重大的经济损失和财产损失。因此,提高喷射灭火效率是至关重要的。本文重点研究了不同边界条件(声压、频率和射流出口速度)下水平射流火灾火焰形态的变化,实验分析了火焰的水平、垂直和轨迹长度变化规律。然后建立了声波作用下水平射流火焰水平长度、垂直长度和轨迹长度的预测模型。
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引用次数: 0
Quality Evaluation of Geothermal Fluid in the Lindian Area of the Songliao Basin 松辽盆地林甸地区地热流体质量评价
Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i3.8784
Hui Ji, Huanlai Zhu, Shangming Shi, Xianli Du
The quality of geothermal fluids determines their direction of use, and in the past, the evaluation of geothermal fluid quality mainly focused on single well evaluation or local area evaluation. This article uses 5 pieces of geothermal water chemistry data to conduct quality evaluation of geothermal fluids in the Lindian area, mainly including medical thermal mineral water quality evaluation, drinking mineral water evaluation, domestic drinking water evaluation, fishery water evaluation, agricultural irrigation water evaluation, and geothermal fluid corrosiveness and scaling tendency evaluation. The evaluation results show that the geothermal wells in the study area are not suitable for developing drinking mineral water; Not suitable as drinking water for daily use; It cannot be directly used as irrigation water evaluation; Suitable for medical hot mineral water development and aquaculture; Geothermal fluids are all non-corrosive water with minimal fouling, and can be used for geothermal heating after treatment.
地热流体的质量决定了其利用方向,过去地热流体质量评价主要集中在单井评价或局部区域评价。本文利用5份地热水化学资料对林甸地区地热流体进行了质量评价,主要包括医用热矿泉水质量评价、饮用矿泉水评价、生活饮用水评价、渔业用水评价、农业灌溉水评价、地热流体腐蚀性及结垢倾向评价。评价结果表明:研究区地热井不适合开发饮用矿泉水;不适合作为日常饮用水;不能直接作为灌溉用水评价;适用于医用热矿泉水开发及水产养殖;地热流体均为无腐蚀性水,结垢最小,经处理后可用于地热采暖。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Tourism on Carbon Emissions in China 旅游业对中国碳排放的影响
Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i3.8767
Man Zhang
This paper constructs the index system of tourism and studies the relationship between tourism and carbon emissions with panel data of 30 provinces during 2001-2015. The Generalized Spatial Two-stage Least Square (GS2SLS) model is used to solve the potential endogenous problems and identify the spatial spillover effects. The key findings show that: China’s carbon pollution has a significant spatial spillover effect; the principle of joint defense should be followed to maximize the environmental benefits. There is a U-shaped relationship between tourism and carbon emission. More attentions are needed on the low-carbon development of tourism. Digitization can reduce the positive effect of tourism on carbon emissions. It is necessary to make the digital transition.
本文构建了旅游业的指标体系,利用2001-2015年30个省份的面板数据,研究了旅游业与碳排放的关系。利用广义空间两阶段最小二乘(GS2SLS)模型解决潜在内生问题,识别空间溢出效应。研究结果表明:中国碳污染具有显著的空间溢出效应;应遵循共同防御原则,实现环境效益最大化。旅游业与碳排放呈u型关系。旅游业的低碳发展需要更多的关注。数字化可以减少旅游业对碳排放的积极影响。有必要进行数字化转型。
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引用次数: 0
Carbon Accounting Method based on Power System Energy Carbon Footprint Characteristics and Multi-Source Data Fusion 基于电力系统能源碳足迹特征和多源数据融合的碳核算方法
Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i3.9345
Lihong Ge, Xianyao Mo, Jiali Liu
This paper presents a novel approach to carbon accounting by utilizing the energy use carbon footprint characteristics and data fusion of the electric power system. The method involves analyzing the energy use carbon footprint characteristics of various electric power systems and employing big data analysis and artificial intelligence techniques to accurately evaluate carbon emission sources. The paper outlines the measurement content, model design principles, and model selection strategy, taking into account factors such as carbon data from different sources and the strengths and weaknesses of existing carbon accounting methods. By identifying the factors that influence the carbon footprint of the electric power system under dual carbon targets, a carbon accounting method based on data fusion and the energy use carbon footprint characteristics of the electric power system is proposed. The paper also develops a carbon emission warning model for the electric power system, which can assist businesses and organizations in setting targeted reduction goals.
本文提出了一种利用电力系统能源使用碳足迹特征和数据融合进行碳核算的新方法。该方法包括分析各种电力系统的能源使用碳足迹特征,并利用大数据分析和人工智能技术准确评估碳排放源。考虑到不同来源的碳数据和现有碳核算方法的优缺点等因素,本文概述了测量内容、模型设计原则和模型选择策略。通过识别双碳目标下电力系统碳足迹的影响因素,提出了一种基于数据融合和电力系统能源利用碳足迹特征的碳核算方法。本文还开发了电力系统碳排放预警模型,该模型可以帮助企业和组织制定有针对性的减排目标。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Coal Consumption in Typical Countries in the World from 2020 to 2021 2020 - 2021年世界典型国家煤炭消费空间分布特征
Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i3.8785
Linwei Yue
As an important energy material in human society, coal is known as black gold and food for industry. It is one of the most important energy sources used in the world since the 18th century. Since the 21st century, due to the massive development and mining of coal, although the value and price of coal have been lower than before, after all, coal is still one of the indispensable energy sources for human production and life for a long time. Besides, the supply of coal is also related to the stability of industry as well as the production and development of the whole society. The security of coal supply performance is also the most important part of energy security. This paper studies the coal consumption characteristics and regional distribution characteristics of typical countries in the world from 2020 to 2021, discusses the relationship between resource consumption and environmental protection, and reflects it through PM2.5 index. Through the comparison of the two data, it can intuitively reflect the environmental pollution caused by resource consumption and provide reference for the global environmental protection cause.
煤炭是人类社会重要的能源材料,被称为“黑金”和“工业粮食”。它是自18世纪以来世界上使用的最重要的能源之一。21世纪以来,由于煤炭的大量开发和开采,虽然煤炭的价值和价格都比以前有所下降,但毕竟煤炭在很长一段时间内仍然是人类生产和生活不可缺少的能源之一。此外,煤炭的供应也关系到工业的稳定以及整个社会的生产和发展。煤炭供应绩效安全也是能源安全的重要组成部分。本文研究了2020 - 2021年世界典型国家的煤炭消费特征和区域分布特征,探讨了资源消耗与环境保护之间的关系,并通过PM2.5指数来体现。通过这两个数据的比较,可以直观地反映出资源消耗造成的环境污染,为全球环境保护事业提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical Simulation of Carbon Oxygen Ratio Logging Response in Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoirs 天然气水合物储层碳氧比测井响应的数值模拟
Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i3.8766
Qing Jiang, Pengju Li
In the process of oil and gas field development, in order to identify the gas hydrate reservoir more accurately, we try to use the carbon oxygen ratio spectrum logging technology to study the log response law of this reservoir, and compare it with the reservoir response law to better guide the oil field production. Firstly, the theoretical response law of carbon and oxygen concentration ratio of natural gas hydrate reservoir and oil layer is deduced according to the petrophysical model, and then the response law of carbon and oxygen concentration ratio of two types of reservoirs simulated by Monte Carlo numerical simulation is studied, and the similarity law and difference between the two types of reservoirs are summarized. The results show that the carbon oxygen ratio has a regular change relationship with the porosity and saturation of the reservoir. The carbon oxygen ratio can be used to preliminarily distinguish and qualitatively identify the two types of reservoirs.
在油气田开发过程中,为了更准确地识别天然气水合物储层,尝试采用碳氧比谱测井技术研究该储层的测井响应规律,并与储层响应规律进行对比,更好地指导油田生产。首先根据岩石物理模型推导了天然气水合物储层与油层碳氧浓度比的理论响应规律,然后研究了蒙特卡罗数值模拟模拟的两类储层碳氧浓度比的响应规律,总结了两类储层的相似规律和差异规律。结果表明,碳氧比与储层孔隙度、饱和度呈规律性变化关系。碳氧比可用于两类储层的初步区分和定性识别。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Migration of Carbon Dioxide in Deep Saline Fractured Aquifer 深层含盐裂缝含水层中二氧化碳运移分析
Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i3.9341
Bin Liu, Chen Xu, Junchang Sun, Hongqi Yuan
 In order to control greenhouse gases and protect the environment, carbon dioxide emission reduction has become a global research hotspot. Fractures in the deep saline aquifer enhance the heterogeneity of the aquifer, and have an important effect on CO2 migration, thus the detailed description and characterization of fractures in geological structure are very important. Existing research on the impact of fractures on CO2 migration, however, ignores the role that the fractures' characteristics play in this process. This work aims at addressing this gap. Based on the embedded discrete fractured model (EDFM), we quantified the role of the fractures in the mechanism of CO2 migration and studied the length, aperture, and orientation of the fractures. It is found that the CO2 plume takes the fracture as its preferred channel and changes the migration direction. The longer the fracture length and wider the fracture aperture, the faster the CO2 migration rate is. The change in fracture orientation mainly affects the migration direction of the CO2 plume. Due to the different angles of the plume entering the fracture, the influences on the CO2 migration rate are also different. When the orientation is 45°, the CO2 migration rate is the fastest, while it is the slowest at 135°. When there is a complex fracture network in the aquifer, the heterogeneity of the aquifer is enhanced. Compared with the non-fractured aquifer, the direction and rate of CO2 migration are greatly changed, and the instability of CO2 sequestration is increased.
为了控制温室气体排放,保护环境,二氧化碳减排已成为全球研究的热点。深层咸水含水层的裂缝增强了含水层的非均质性,对CO2运移有重要影响,因此对地质构造中裂缝的详细描述和表征非常重要。然而,现有的裂缝对CO2运移影响的研究忽略了裂缝特征在这一过程中的作用。这项工作旨在解决这一差距。基于嵌入离散裂缝模型(EDFM),量化了裂缝在CO2运移机制中的作用,研究了裂缝的长度、孔径和方向。研究发现,CO2羽流以裂缝为首选通道,改变了运移方向。裂缝长度越长,裂缝孔径越宽,CO2运移速率越快。裂缝方向的变化主要影响CO2柱的运移方向。由于地幔柱进入裂缝的角度不同,对CO2运移速率的影响也不同。当取向为45°时,CO2迁移速率最快,而当取向为135°时,CO2迁移速率最慢。当含水层中存在复杂的裂缝网络时,含水层的非均质性增强。与无裂缝含水层相比,CO2运移方向和速率发生了较大变化,CO2封存的不稳定性增加。
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引用次数: 0
How does Air Pollution Affects the Employment in Service Sector? Empirical Evidence from China 空气污染如何影响服务业的就业?来自中国的经验证据
Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i3.9344
Luyue Gao, Yongyi Xiao
Air pollution has significant negative externalities and affects all aspects of life. This paper examines whether air pollution levels affect service sector employment using panel data for 270 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2020. The results found that urban air pollution level has a significant negative impact on employment in the service sector, and it still holds after quantile estimation. The findings of this paper have some policy implications for improving relevant air pollution control measures and promoting the employment in service sector.
空气污染具有显著的负面外部性,影响生活的方方面面。本文利用2010 - 2020年中国270个地级市的面板数据,研究了空气污染水平对服务业就业的影响。结果发现,城市空气污染水平对服务业就业有显著的负向影响,经分位数估计后仍然成立。本文的研究结果对完善相关大气污染控制措施,促进服务业就业具有一定的政策意义。
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引用次数: 0
Estimating the Density of Fuel Ions From Neutrons Measurement 从中子测量估计燃料离子密度
Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI: 10.46300/91010.2023.17.1
Zаur Gаdirzаde, Özlem Оnаy
The main раrаmeters for the develорment оf а соmрlex reасtоr аre the rаtiо оf fuel iоns аnd the tоtаl density оf iоns, nt /nd energies. Therefоre, оne оf the mоst imроrtаnt things is the reliаble meаsurement оf these аmоunts in fusiоn studies. This аrtiсle deаls with estimаting the density оf fuel iоns frоm neutrоn measurements. The optimal density profile should be tested by generating synthetic data according to a known nd profile, finding the optimal profile and the corresponding statistical uncertainties. The actual density profile is accurate to the extent that it resembles the profile used in the TRANSP simulations. However, in the actual nd-profile, although it differs significantly from the profile used to construct the parametric model, it largely contains the main features.
主要是用于开发的数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库、数据库和数据库。因此,在这些研究中,这些东西是可靠的度量。本程序处理估计密度的问题,其中包括密度的计算。最优密度剖面的检验方法是根据已知密度剖面生成合成数据,找出最优密度剖面和相应的统计不确定性。实际的密度分布图在某种程度上是准确的,它与TRANSP模拟中使用的分布图相似。然而,在实际的nd-profile中,尽管它与用于构造参数化模型的profile有很大不同,但它在很大程度上包含了主要特征。
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引用次数: 0
Research Status and Progress of Multiples Suppression Based on Radon Transform 基于Radon变换的多重抑制研究现状与进展
Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI: 10.54097/ije.v2i2.7774
G. Wang
The existence of multiple waves in seismic data has a substantial impact on earthquake imaging, inversion, and interpretation results. As a result, multiples are often suppressed as noise prior to seismic data preattack processing. Currently, there are two primary methods for suppressing multiple reflections in seismic data. One is a filtering technique based on geometric differences in the seismic waves, while the other is based on wave equation methods. The Radon transform, which suppresses multiple reflections, belongs to the class of geometric seismic diffraction filtering techniques. In the process of seismic data processing, it effectively separates multiple reflections from seismic data by utilizing the characteristic differences between primary and multiple reflections, thereby achieving noise attenuation and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the data. This article primarily investigates the current state of methods for suppressing multiple reflections based on the Radon transform, both domestically and internationally. By introducing various forms and fundamental principles of the Radon transform, this study analyzes and compares the adaptability and pros and cons of each type of Radon transform. The high-precision Radon transform can effectively address the sawtooth phenomenon and energy dispersion issues that arise in the least-squares Radon transform. It also highlights the challenges associated with suppressing multiple reflections in the Radon transform and provides a glimpse into future developments.
地震资料中多波的存在对地震成像、反演和解释结果有很大影响。因此,在地震数据预攻击处理之前,多次波通常作为噪声被抑制。目前,抑制地震资料中多重反射的方法主要有两种。一种是基于地震波几何差异的滤波技术,另一种是基于波动方程方法的滤波技术。Radon变换是一种抑制多重反射的几何地震衍射滤波技术。在地震资料处理过程中,利用一次反射与多次反射的特征差异,有效地将地震资料中的多次反射分离出来,从而达到消噪的目的,提高了资料的信噪比。本文主要研究了国内外基于Radon变换的多重反射抑制方法的现状。通过介绍Radon变换的各种形式和基本原理,分析比较了各种Radon变换的适应性和优缺点。高精度Radon变换可以有效地解决最小二乘Radon变换中出现的锯齿现象和能量色散问题。它还强调了在Radon变换中抑制多重反射所面临的挑战,并提供了对未来发展的一瞥。
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引用次数: 0
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International journal of energy science
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