Pub Date : 2021-05-10DOI: 10.23937/2378-3001/1410110
T. Magnus, S. Walker, S. Mats, Rahin Hedayat
Trans-spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS) can alleviate pain perception in humans through plastic processes. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) has been shown to influence a large number of physiological processes including those underpinning neural plasticity. A common polymorphism of BDNF (val66met), reduces the efficiency of plastic processes. We studied the effect of this BDNF polymorphism on the signalling and perception of thermal pain and to what degree these can be influenced by tsDCS in young healthy adults. For those carrying a less optimal form of BDNF, the pain mitigating effect of tsDCS was reduced. BDNF typing may be used to improve individualization in pain treatment using tsDCS, thereby reducing the variability regarding the effect of this technique.
{"title":"Influence of BDNF Genotype on the Effect of Neuromodulation on Pain Signalling and Pain Perception in Humans","authors":"T. Magnus, S. Walker, S. Mats, Rahin Hedayat","doi":"10.23937/2378-3001/1410110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3001/1410110","url":null,"abstract":"Trans-spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS) can alleviate pain perception in humans through plastic processes. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) has been shown to influence a large number of physiological processes including those underpinning neural plasticity. A common polymorphism of BDNF (val66met), reduces the efficiency of plastic processes. We studied the effect of this BDNF polymorphism on the signalling and perception of thermal pain and to what degree these can be influenced by tsDCS in young healthy adults. For those carrying a less optimal form of BDNF, the pain mitigating effect of tsDCS was reduced. BDNF typing may be used to improve individualization in pain treatment using tsDCS, thereby reducing the variability regarding the effect of this technique.","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88241250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple mononeuropathy is not unusual in Churg-Strauss Syndrome. Presenting symptoms may be subacute and the differential diagnosis became complicated, particularly when neuropathy is the sole manifestation of disease. We report a clinical case of an adult man hospitalized complaining symptoms of subacute neuropathy successively recognized as multiple mononeuropathy. Histological examination of sural nerve showed the evidence of systemic necrotizing vasculitis with eosinophils infiltration, confirming the diagnosis of CSS. Clinical and neurophysiological findings are discussed.
{"title":"Multiple Mononeuropathy in Churg-Strauss Syndrome Presenting as a Subacute Ascending Polineuropathy: A Case Report","authors":"Pistacchi Michele, Gioulis Manuela, Ferrari Sergio, Cavallaro Tiziana, Marsala Sandro Zambito","doi":"10.23937/2378-3001/1410108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3001/1410108","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple mononeuropathy is not unusual in Churg-Strauss Syndrome. Presenting symptoms may be subacute and the differential diagnosis became complicated, particularly when neuropathy is the sole manifestation of disease. We report a clinical case of an adult man hospitalized complaining symptoms of subacute neuropathy successively recognized as multiple mononeuropathy. Histological examination of sural nerve showed the evidence of systemic necrotizing vasculitis with eosinophils infiltration, confirming the diagnosis of CSS. Clinical and neurophysiological findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84039775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-06DOI: 10.23937/2378-3001/1410107
Stoll Aluísio, Neto Dedi Ferreira Alves, Silva Évelin Pereira da, Papes Kéli Daiane, MianoSelbach Maria Carolina, Souza Matheus Fellipe Nascimento de, Breis Letícia Caroline, Parolim Laura Fiuza, T. Jose, Gonçalves Marcus Vinícius Magno
Introduction: Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective method for sustained weight loss and better quality of life. However, it has its complications. Among those, peripheral neuropathies are important, although underdiagnosed, complications after the surgery. Objective: The objective of this article is to describe the most prevalent peripheral neuropathies that may happen after BS, especially focusing on small fiber neuropathies, and the main nutritional deficits involved in these neuropathies. Methods: It was made a non-systematic review on PubMed/Medline database. Results: 32 articles were included. Conclusion: Further studies are needed to estimate the prevalence of peripheral neuropathies after BS, especially small fiber neuropathy. This lack of epidemiological studies corroborates to the underdiagnosis. We suggest researchers to make a prospective cohort about Small fiber neuropathy after BS.
{"title":"Peripheral Neuropathies after Bariatric Surgery: A Current Review","authors":"Stoll Aluísio, Neto Dedi Ferreira Alves, Silva Évelin Pereira da, Papes Kéli Daiane, MianoSelbach Maria Carolina, Souza Matheus Fellipe Nascimento de, Breis Letícia Caroline, Parolim Laura Fiuza, T. Jose, Gonçalves Marcus Vinícius Magno","doi":"10.23937/2378-3001/1410107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3001/1410107","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective method for sustained weight loss and better quality of life. However, it has its complications. Among those, peripheral neuropathies are important, although underdiagnosed, complications after the surgery. Objective: The objective of this article is to describe the most prevalent peripheral neuropathies that may happen after BS, especially focusing on small fiber neuropathies, and the main nutritional deficits involved in these neuropathies. Methods: It was made a non-systematic review on PubMed/Medline database. Results: 32 articles were included. Conclusion: Further studies are needed to estimate the prevalence of peripheral neuropathies after BS, especially small fiber neuropathy. This lack of epidemiological studies corroborates to the underdiagnosis. We suggest researchers to make a prospective cohort about Small fiber neuropathy after BS.","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90450414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-11DOI: 10.23937/2378-3001/1410105
I. Libbus, Enea Dede, S. Stubbs, L. DiCarlo, Scott T. Mazar, B. Amurthur, B. KenKnight
Background: Autonomic Regulation Therapy (ART) using chronic Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) is in development for patients with heart failure who remain symptomatic despite standard care. In the ANTHEM-HF Pilot Study, a therapeutic VNS intensity was successfully achieved in patients with HFrEF using manually programmed VNS up-titration. An algorithm has been developed for automatically intensifying VNS in small increments to a programmable target intensity, and capable of adjustments during the up-titration process using a hand-held programmer or magnet. Methods: Six healthy canines were implanted with a pulse generator and lead for right cervical VNS. Device programming at implant activated the titration algorithm with (1) A 1-week start delay; (2) Initial stimulation intensity of 0.125 mA, 130 μsec pulse width, and 5 Hz frequency; (3) Target stimulation intensity of 2.5 mA, 250 μsec pulse width, and 5 Hz frequency; and (4) Trajectory to achieve the target intensity in approximately 10 weeks. Magnet placement over the pulse generator at scheduled intervals tested algorithm design intention to decrement VNS intensity, prolong the time to reach the target intensity, and/or temporarily inhibit VNS. Results: All animals underwent successful VNS system implantation and completed all scheduled activities. There was one transient implant-related adverse event (Horner’s Syndrome). The “TitrationAssist” algorithm performed as designed. The targeted VNS intensity was achieved as scheduled and automated titration was well-tolerated in all animals. There were no stimulation-related adverse events. ECG monitoring demonstrated no clinically significant cardiac findings. Detailed gross necropsy and macroscopic examinations revealed vagus nerves and all major organs to be normal in all animals. Conclusion: An implantable VNS device with Titration Assist algorithm for automatically increasing VNS to a target intensity, and capable of adjustment in response to specific magnet applications, was successfully tested in a preclinical study of healthy canines. Titration Assist performed as designed appears to be safe and could dramatically reduce the burden of titration in a clinical setting. BriEf rEPort
{"title":"A Novel Automated Algorithm Effectively Titrates Stimulation in an Implantable Vagus Nerve Stimulation Device","authors":"I. Libbus, Enea Dede, S. Stubbs, L. DiCarlo, Scott T. Mazar, B. Amurthur, B. KenKnight","doi":"10.23937/2378-3001/1410105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3001/1410105","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Autonomic Regulation Therapy (ART) using chronic Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) is in development for patients with heart failure who remain symptomatic despite standard care. In the ANTHEM-HF Pilot Study, a therapeutic VNS intensity was successfully achieved in patients with HFrEF using manually programmed VNS up-titration. An algorithm has been developed for automatically intensifying VNS in small increments to a programmable target intensity, and capable of adjustments during the up-titration process using a hand-held programmer or magnet. Methods: Six healthy canines were implanted with a pulse generator and lead for right cervical VNS. Device programming at implant activated the titration algorithm with (1) A 1-week start delay; (2) Initial stimulation intensity of 0.125 mA, 130 μsec pulse width, and 5 Hz frequency; (3) Target stimulation intensity of 2.5 mA, 250 μsec pulse width, and 5 Hz frequency; and (4) Trajectory to achieve the target intensity in approximately 10 weeks. Magnet placement over the pulse generator at scheduled intervals tested algorithm design intention to decrement VNS intensity, prolong the time to reach the target intensity, and/or temporarily inhibit VNS. Results: All animals underwent successful VNS system implantation and completed all scheduled activities. There was one transient implant-related adverse event (Horner’s Syndrome). The “TitrationAssist” algorithm performed as designed. The targeted VNS intensity was achieved as scheduled and automated titration was well-tolerated in all animals. There were no stimulation-related adverse events. ECG monitoring demonstrated no clinically significant cardiac findings. Detailed gross necropsy and macroscopic examinations revealed vagus nerves and all major organs to be normal in all animals. Conclusion: An implantable VNS device with Titration Assist algorithm for automatically increasing VNS to a target intensity, and capable of adjustment in response to specific magnet applications, was successfully tested in a preclinical study of healthy canines. Titration Assist performed as designed appears to be safe and could dramatically reduce the burden of titration in a clinical setting. BriEf rEPort","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86820371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-31DOI: 10.23937/2378-3001/1410101
B. Kimberly, Butala Nitin
Migraine headaches are a common complaint described by patients and few medications have been designed solely for their treatment. Current knowledge of migraine pathogenesis relates to various neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), acting on blood vessels within the brain, causing vasodilation. Sensory fibers detect this change and perceive it as pain. This understanding has led to the development of CGRP monoclonal antibodies as a possible migraine treatment. This class of migraine medication causes concern for possible cardiovascular side effects. Blocking CGRP and the vasodilatory process of migraines may pose a risk for exacerbating cardiovascular disease. CGRP has also demonstrated protective effects on the cardiovascular system by preventing against heart failure, deleterious cardiac remodeling, hypertension, and cell death. Additionally, patients with migraines are also believed to be at greater baseline risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Assessment of a cardiovascular risk profile is essential for the continued use of this medication class. Various trials within phase II or III of study were analyzed for the risk profiles of CGRP monoclonal antibodies. At this time, no serious cardiovascular adverse effects have been found. The CGRP monoclonal antibodies did not increase rates of cardiovascular adverse events, when compared to placebo. The CGRP monoclonal antibodies were shown to be safe in patients with previous cardiovascular risk as well as those stressed to provoke an adverse cardiovascular event. Many of the phase II and phase III trials had significant female participation, representing a safe cardiovascular profile for those most commonly affected with migraines. This demonstrated that the medication class does not increase risk of cardiovascular side effects in its users.
{"title":"Migraines and CGRP Monoclonal Antibodies: A Review of Cardiovascular Side Effects and Safety Profile","authors":"B. Kimberly, Butala Nitin","doi":"10.23937/2378-3001/1410101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3001/1410101","url":null,"abstract":"Migraine headaches are a common complaint described by patients and few medications have been designed solely for their treatment. Current knowledge of migraine pathogenesis relates to various neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), acting on blood vessels within the brain, causing vasodilation. Sensory fibers detect this change and perceive it as pain. This understanding has led to the development of CGRP monoclonal antibodies as a possible migraine treatment. This class of migraine medication causes concern for possible cardiovascular side effects. Blocking CGRP and the vasodilatory process of migraines may pose a risk for exacerbating cardiovascular disease. CGRP has also demonstrated protective effects on the cardiovascular system by preventing against heart failure, deleterious cardiac remodeling, hypertension, and cell death. Additionally, patients with migraines are also believed to be at greater baseline risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Assessment of a cardiovascular risk profile is essential for the continued use of this medication class. Various trials within phase II or III of study were analyzed for the risk profiles of CGRP monoclonal antibodies. At this time, no serious cardiovascular adverse effects have been found. The CGRP monoclonal antibodies did not increase rates of cardiovascular adverse events, when compared to placebo. The CGRP monoclonal antibodies were shown to be safe in patients with previous cardiovascular risk as well as those stressed to provoke an adverse cardiovascular event. Many of the phase II and phase III trials had significant female participation, representing a safe cardiovascular profile for those most commonly affected with migraines. This demonstrated that the medication class does not increase risk of cardiovascular side effects in its users.","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89860359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.11
S. Das
{"title":"Single Stage Debridement and Titanium Mesh Cranioplasty in Patients of Compound Depressed Skull Fracture, an Institutional Experience","authors":"S. Das","doi":"10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"41 1","pages":"143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88542453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.10
I. Chaurasia
{"title":"Therapeutic Benefit of Palmitoylethanolamide in the Management of Trigeminal Neuralgia","authors":"I. Chaurasia","doi":"10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"29 1","pages":"137-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82704325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.8
V. Tewari
{"title":"AL-TENS as Quantitative Measure for the Feasibility of IASNP in AIS for Physiological Recovery -A Pilot Study of 27 Cases","authors":"V. Tewari","doi":"10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"1 1","pages":"123-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89360194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.12
A. Chhabra
{"title":"Aneurysmal Bone Cyst at Dorsal Spine: Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"A. Chhabra","doi":"10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21088/IJNNS.0975.0223.12320.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"117 1","pages":"151-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88472833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.23937/2378-3001/1410100
Goés Alyne Barreto Mesquita de, Cardoso Bruno Barreira, Tavares Francisco de Assis Fernandes, Monte Rebecca Renata Lapenda do, Melo Renata Carneiro, Araújo-Neto Irami, Pinheiro Renato Serquiz Elias, Rêgo Amália Cinthia Meneses, Araújo-Filho* Irami
The coronavirus pandemic transformed the world abruptly due to the speed of transmission and high morbidity and mortality. Many deaths have been quantified, and the scientific community intensifies the search for molecular targets, protein sequences and polymorphismson SARS-CoV-2, to improve the clinical evolution and survival of patients. Initially, COVID-19 was described with respiratory changes, flu, and fever. With the spread of the disease, clinical manifestations were observed in other organ systems, still unknown. In this sense, the present study describes the main neurological changes and laboratory findings. The literature review was identified in the central databases: Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed/MedLine, Embase, and Cochrane Database. Twenty-five articles related to the theme were chosen, including reviews, case series, cohort, and retrospective studies. Neurological manifestations were predominantly anosmia/hyposmia, dysgeusia, ataxia, and seizures. According to the latest published studies, attention must be paid to isolated initial neurological events.
由于传播速度快、发病率和死亡率高，冠状病毒大流行突然改变了世界。许多死亡已经被量化，科学界加强了对SARS-CoV-2的分子靶点、蛋白质序列和多态性的研究，以改善患者的临床进化和生存。最初，COVID-19被描述为呼吸系统变化、流感和发烧。随着疾病的扩散，在其他器官系统是否有临床表现尚不清楚。在这个意义上，本研究描述了主要的神经学变化和实验室结果。文献综述在中央数据库:Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed/MedLine, Embase和Cochrane数据库中确定。选择了25篇与该主题相关的文章，包括综述、病例系列、队列和回顾性研究。神经学表现主要为嗅觉缺失、语言障碍、共济失调和癫痫发作。根据最新发表的研究，必须注意孤立的初始神经事件。
{"title":"COVID-19 and Nervous System: Under Estimated Clinical and Prognostic Aspects","authors":"Goés Alyne Barreto Mesquita de, Cardoso Bruno Barreira, Tavares Francisco de Assis Fernandes, Monte Rebecca Renata Lapenda do, Melo Renata Carneiro, Araújo-Neto Irami, Pinheiro Renato Serquiz Elias, Rêgo Amália Cinthia Meneses, Araújo-Filho* Irami","doi":"10.23937/2378-3001/1410100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3001/1410100","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus pandemic transformed the world abruptly due to the speed of transmission and high morbidity and mortality. Many deaths have been quantified, and the scientific community intensifies the search for molecular targets, protein sequences and polymorphismson SARS-CoV-2, to improve the clinical evolution and survival of patients. Initially, COVID-19 was described with respiratory changes, flu, and fever. With the spread of the disease, clinical manifestations were observed in other organ systems, still unknown. In this sense, the present study describes the main neurological changes and laboratory findings. The literature review was identified in the central databases: Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed/MedLine, Embase, and Cochrane Database. Twenty-five articles related to the theme were chosen, including reviews, case series, cohort, and retrospective studies. Neurological manifestations were predominantly anosmia/hyposmia, dysgeusia, ataxia, and seizures. According to the latest published studies, attention must be paid to isolated initial neurological events.","PeriodicalId":14163,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neurology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90085300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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