Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64672
Krishna Kumar Meena, T. Thomas, V. Sehra, Ashima Thomas
At the “Central Research Farm, Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Department, SHUATS, Prayagraj”, an experiment titled "Impact of various levels of Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus and Biochar on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Yield of Black gram(Vigna mungo L.)Var: Shekhar-2" was carried out during the Zaid season of 2023–2024. A randomized block design was used, consisting of three variables and three levels of NPK (at 0, 50, and 100% ha-1) and biochar (at 0, 50, and 100% ha-1). An excavated soil specimen from the experimental site prior to the start of study activities showed that the soil had a sandy loam texture, a neutral to alkaline reaction, and significantly higher treatment levels.
在 "普拉亚格拉杰高等农业研究学院（SHUATS）土壤科学与农业化学系中央研究农场"，一项名为 "不同水平的氮、钾、磷和生物炭对土壤理化性质和黑糯米（Vigna mungo L. Var. Shekhar-2）产量的影响 "的实验在 2023-2024 年的扎伊德季节进行：Shekhar-2 "的研究是在 2023-2024 年的扎伊德季节进行的。采用随机区组设计，包括三个变量和三个水平的氮磷钾（0、50 和 100% ha-1）和生物炭（0、50 和 100% ha-1）。研究活动开始前从实验地点挖掘出的土壤标本显示，土壤质地为沙壤土，呈中性至碱性反应，处理水平显著较高。
{"title":"Impact of Various Levels of Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus and Biochar on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Yield of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) Var: Shekhar-2","authors":"Krishna Kumar Meena, T. Thomas, V. Sehra, Ashima Thomas","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64672","url":null,"abstract":"At the “Central Research Farm, Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Department, SHUATS, Prayagraj”, an experiment titled \"Impact of various levels of Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus and Biochar on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Yield of Black gram(Vigna mungo L.)Var: Shekhar-2\" was carried out during the Zaid season of 2023–2024. A randomized block design was used, consisting of three variables and three levels of NPK (at 0, 50, and 100% ha-1) and biochar (at 0, 50, and 100% ha-1). An excavated soil specimen from the experimental site prior to the start of study activities showed that the soil had a sandy loam texture, a neutral to alkaline reaction, and significantly higher treatment levels.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140962624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of the year 2022-2023 at the KVK Farm, Mahendergarh of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during Rabi season 2022-23 with the objective to study the effect of different nutrient management practices on growth and yield of barley. The experiment containing eleven treatments viz. Control, 100% RDF (60 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + 15 kg K2O ha-1, 100% RDF) + Azotobactor + PSB, 50% RDF + Azotobactor + PSB, 50% RDF + 50% RDN through Vermicompost, 50% RDF + 50% RDN through Vermicompost+ Azotobactor + PSB, 75% RDF + Azotobactor + PSB, 75% RDF + 25% RDN through Vermicompost, 75% RDF + 25% RDN through Vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB, 100% RDN through vermicompost and 100% RDN through vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB. All the growth and yield parameters increased significantly with75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost. The growth characters like plant height (cm) and number of tillers/mrl were significantly higher under 75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB as compared to other nutrient combinations. The yield components like spike length (cm), number of grains spike-1, grain yield (kg ha-1) and straw yield (kg ha-1) were significantly higher under 75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost+ Azotobactor + PSB. Harvest index and 1000-grain weight (g) were not influenced significantly due to different nutrient combinations The nitrogen and protein content in grain were obtained higher with 75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB which was significantly higher than rest of treatments. Thus, it can be concluded that a dose of 75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB may be most suitable nutrient combination for achieving higher growth and yield of barley.
{"title":"Effects of Different Nutrient Management Methods on Growth and Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)","authors":"Mayank Kumar, Ashish Shivran, Ram Dhan Jat, . Anupam, . Vishant","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64673","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of the year 2022-2023 at the KVK Farm, Mahendergarh of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during Rabi season 2022-23 with the objective to study the effect of different nutrient management practices on growth and yield of barley. The experiment containing eleven treatments viz. Control, 100% RDF (60 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + 15 kg K2O ha-1, 100% RDF) + Azotobactor + PSB, 50% RDF + Azotobactor + PSB, 50% RDF + 50% RDN through Vermicompost, 50% RDF + 50% RDN through Vermicompost+ Azotobactor + PSB, 75% RDF + Azotobactor + PSB, 75% RDF + 25% RDN through Vermicompost, 75% RDF + 25% RDN through Vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB, 100% RDN through vermicompost and 100% RDN through vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB. All the growth and yield parameters increased significantly with75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost. The growth characters like plant height (cm) and number of tillers/mrl were significantly higher under 75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB as compared to other nutrient combinations. The yield components like spike length (cm), number of grains spike-1, grain yield (kg ha-1) and straw yield (kg ha-1) were significantly higher under 75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost+ Azotobactor + PSB. Harvest index and 1000-grain weight (g) were not influenced significantly due to different nutrient combinations The nitrogen and protein content in grain were obtained higher with 75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB which was significantly higher than rest of treatments. Thus, it can be concluded that a dose of 75% R.D.F + 25% N through Vermicompost + Azotobactor + PSB may be most suitable nutrient combination for achieving higher growth and yield of barley.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140963975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64668
Mudhalvan S, Praveen Krishna Ramesh, Bharatha Lakshmi, B. K. Vamsi, Ajmal H, P. Pandiyaraj, J. Jeyaprabha
Wide hybridization in crop plants involves crossing two distantly related species to initiate desirable traits, such as disease resistance, into a cultivated crop. This technique expands the genetic diversity accessible for breeding programs, enhancing the adaptability and resilience of crops. Wide hybrids often surpass limitations of conventional breeding by incorporating unique genetic material. However, difficulties arise due to reproductive barriers and genomic incompatibilities between divergent species. Researchers employ techniques like embryo rescue and tissue culture to overcome these hurdles. Despite its potentiality, wide hybridization requires careful selection and extensive backcrossing to stabilize desired traits. The resulting crops may show improved resistance to pests, diseases, or environmental stressors, contributing to sustainable agriculture and food security. Continuous advancements in molecular biology and genomics facilitate the identification and transfer of specific genes, accelerating the development of wide hybrid varieties with enhanced agronomic traits.
{"title":"A Review on Role of Wide Hybridization in Crop Improvement","authors":"Mudhalvan S, Praveen Krishna Ramesh, Bharatha Lakshmi, B. K. Vamsi, Ajmal H, P. Pandiyaraj, J. Jeyaprabha","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64668","url":null,"abstract":"Wide hybridization in crop plants involves crossing two distantly related species to initiate desirable traits, such as disease resistance, into a cultivated crop. This technique expands the genetic diversity accessible for breeding programs, enhancing the adaptability and resilience of crops. Wide hybrids often surpass limitations of conventional breeding by incorporating unique genetic material. However, difficulties arise due to reproductive barriers and genomic incompatibilities between divergent species. Researchers employ techniques like embryo rescue and tissue culture to overcome these hurdles. Despite its potentiality, wide hybridization requires careful selection and extensive backcrossing to stabilize desired traits. The resulting crops may show improved resistance to pests, diseases, or environmental stressors, contributing to sustainable agriculture and food security. Continuous advancements in molecular biology and genomics facilitate the identification and transfer of specific genes, accelerating the development of wide hybrid varieties with enhanced agronomic traits.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"34 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64670
V. Ndeke, L. Tembo, G. Chigeza, M. Akoroda
Soybean is an important crop in the world cultivated for its oil and protein content. It is a significant component of the small holder cropping system and has the potential to become a major crop produced in Africa. However, its productivity is hampered by a number of biotic and abiotic factors. Among the important biotic factors affecting the yield of soybean is pod shattering. Pod shattering is the opening of mature pods along the dorsal or ventral sutures (located along the length of the pod) when the crop matures or during harvesting resulting in seed dispersal. It is a quantitative trait that is influenced by one major gene and a few minor genes and is also highly heritable. It can cause yield losses of up to100%. Apart from causing yield losses, pod shattering may pose a challenge to the crop rotations in the following seasons as seeds from shattered pods tend to emerge as volunteer weeds. There are a number of factors that are linked to pod shattering. An overview of the morphological, anatomical, environmental and genetic aspects associated with pod shattering in soybean is discussed in this review. Understanding all the factors underlying pod shattering in depth is key in breeding soybean varieties that delay to shatter. This can help breeders in knowing which approach to take in breeding for soybeans with pods that delay to shatter. Breeding strategies can focus on manipulating morphological, biochemical and anatomical traits.
{"title":"A Review of Factors Affecting Pod Shattering in Soybean (Glycine max)","authors":"V. Ndeke, L. Tembo, G. Chigeza, M. Akoroda","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64670","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean is an important crop in the world cultivated for its oil and protein content. It is a significant component of the small holder cropping system and has the potential to become a major crop produced in Africa. However, its productivity is hampered by a number of biotic and abiotic factors. Among the important biotic factors affecting the yield of soybean is pod shattering. Pod shattering is the opening of mature pods along the dorsal or ventral sutures (located along the length of the pod) when the crop matures or during harvesting resulting in seed dispersal. It is a quantitative trait that is influenced by one major gene and a few minor genes and is also highly heritable. It can cause yield losses of up to100%. Apart from causing yield losses, pod shattering may pose a challenge to the crop rotations in the following seasons as seeds from shattered pods tend to emerge as volunteer weeds. There are a number of factors that are linked to pod shattering. An overview of the morphological, anatomical, environmental and genetic aspects associated with pod shattering in soybean is discussed in this review. Understanding all the factors underlying pod shattering in depth is key in breeding soybean varieties that delay to shatter. This can help breeders in knowing which approach to take in breeding for soybeans with pods that delay to shatter. Breeding strategies can focus on manipulating morphological, biochemical and anatomical traits.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"23 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140967395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64666
Tharala. Chandana, Prateek Kumar, B. Mehera
The field experiment was conducted during ZAID (Summer) season of 2023 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy. The treatments consisting of three different organic manures Viz., FYM- 8 t/ha, Vermicompost- 2.5 t/ha, Poultry manure- 1.3 t/ha and three different liquid Organic manures viz Vermiwash - 5%, Panchagavya - 3%, Jeevamrutha- 500 l/ha. The experiment was laid out in Randomized block design 10 treatments each replicated thrice. Application of Vermicompost- 2.5 t/ha + Panchagavya - 3% (Treatment 5) recorded highest plant height (71.00 cm), maximum plant dry weight (5.54 g), maximum number of tillers/ hill (6.67), length of ears (8.67 cm), number of grains/ear (295.67), test weight (3.37 g), grain yield (1.40 t/ha), straw yield (2.73 t/ha) were recorded in treatment Maximum gross return (INR 78,200.00), net return (INR 53.002.00) and B:C ratio (2.10) were also recorded in same treatment.
{"title":"Effect of Organic Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Foxtail Millet","authors":"Tharala. Chandana, Prateek Kumar, B. Mehera","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64666","url":null,"abstract":"The field experiment was conducted during ZAID (Summer) season of 2023 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy. The treatments consisting of three different organic manures Viz., FYM- 8 t/ha, Vermicompost- 2.5 t/ha, Poultry manure- 1.3 t/ha and three different liquid Organic manures viz Vermiwash - 5%, Panchagavya - 3%, Jeevamrutha- 500 l/ha. The experiment was laid out in Randomized block design 10 treatments each replicated thrice. Application of Vermicompost- 2.5 t/ha + Panchagavya - 3% (Treatment 5) recorded highest plant height (71.00 cm), maximum plant dry weight (5.54 g), maximum number of tillers/ hill (6.67), length of ears (8.67 cm), number of grains/ear (295.67), test weight (3.37 g), grain yield (1.40 t/ha), straw yield (2.73 t/ha) were recorded in treatment Maximum gross return (INR 78,200.00), net return (INR 53.002.00) and B:C ratio (2.10) were also recorded in same treatment.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64662
P. M. Hasna, M. Rafeekher, I. Priyakumari, C. R. Reshmi
In the modern floricultural industry, scheduling plant production is essential due to fluctuating market demands. Flower forcing, which stimulates flowering at specific dates or during off-season periods, is a key technique employed. The manipulated flowering dates resulting from flower forcing may deviate from the plant's natural schedule, occurring either earlier or later than the standard flowering dates. This can be achieved by adjusting factors affecting flowering such as temperature, photoperiod, and irradiance etc. Implementation of special practices like pruning, leaf trimming, dormancy breaking helps in forcing operation in certain plants. Utilization of chemicals such as plant hormones like gibberellin and ethylene, growth retardants and some fertilizers also play an important role in forcing. Employing mechanical methods can be considered as a sustainable and environment friendly practice. Advancements in plant physiology, photomorphogenesis, metabolism, and greenhouse technologies have led to the development of multiple strategies to finely regulate the rate of plant growth and development across various crops.
{"title":"Flower Forcing: A Review","authors":"P. M. Hasna, M. Rafeekher, I. Priyakumari, C. R. Reshmi","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64662","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern floricultural industry, scheduling plant production is essential due to fluctuating market demands. Flower forcing, which stimulates flowering at specific dates or during off-season periods, is a key technique employed. The manipulated flowering dates resulting from flower forcing may deviate from the plant's natural schedule, occurring either earlier or later than the standard flowering dates. This can be achieved by adjusting factors affecting flowering such as temperature, photoperiod, and irradiance etc. Implementation of special practices like pruning, leaf trimming, dormancy breaking helps in forcing operation in certain plants. Utilization of chemicals such as plant hormones like gibberellin and ethylene, growth retardants and some fertilizers also play an important role in forcing. Employing mechanical methods can be considered as a sustainable and environment friendly practice. Advancements in plant physiology, photomorphogenesis, metabolism, and greenhouse technologies have led to the development of multiple strategies to finely regulate the rate of plant growth and development across various crops.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64663
Judy K. Lalrinsangi, Shikha Singh, K.P Chaudhary, Anu Nawhal, Rachana Kumari
Intercropping involves cultivating two or more crops simultaneously in the same field, optimizing the use of land, water, light, and nutrients for higher yields compared to sole cropping. Organic manures, such as farmyard manure, poultry manure, oilseed cake, vermicompost, and bio-slurry, play a vital role in enhancing soil health by providing essential nutrients and supporting microbial populations. In contrast, excessive use of inorganic fertilizers can lead to environmental degradation. Present study explores the synergistic effects of intercropping and organic manure application on the physiological parameters of maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Agricultural practices like intercropping optimize resource utilization and enhance overall productivity, especially in regions with limited water resources like Mizoram, India. These practices exhibit positive responds when combined with organic manure on soil health and yield attributes on crops. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with ten treatments replicated thrice. The result indicate that plants treated with Maize + Cowpea (2:1) + 50% of RDN (Recommended doses of Nitrogen) through Farm Yard Manure + 50% of RDN through Poultry Manure + Lime (200 kg ha-1), resulted in significantly maximum physiological parameters of the crops.
{"title":"Effect of Intercropping with Cowpea and Maize with Organic Manure Application on the Physiological Parameters","authors":"Judy K. Lalrinsangi, Shikha Singh, K.P Chaudhary, Anu Nawhal, Rachana Kumari","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64663","url":null,"abstract":"Intercropping involves cultivating two or more crops simultaneously in the same field, optimizing the use of land, water, light, and nutrients for higher yields compared to sole cropping. Organic manures, such as farmyard manure, poultry manure, oilseed cake, vermicompost, and bio-slurry, play a vital role in enhancing soil health by providing essential nutrients and supporting microbial populations. In contrast, excessive use of inorganic fertilizers can lead to environmental degradation. Present study explores the synergistic effects of intercropping and organic manure application on the physiological parameters of maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Agricultural practices like intercropping optimize resource utilization and enhance overall productivity, especially in regions with limited water resources like Mizoram, India. These practices exhibit positive responds when combined with organic manure on soil health and yield attributes on crops. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with ten treatments replicated thrice. The result indicate that plants treated with Maize + Cowpea (2:1) + 50% of RDN (Recommended doses of Nitrogen) through Farm Yard Manure + 50% of RDN through Poultry Manure + Lime (200 kg ha-1), resulted in significantly maximum physiological parameters of the crops.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"118 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64667
Ankita Kumari, T. Thomas, N. Swaroop, S. Mohanta, Ashima Thomas
Taking care of soil health is most importance for sustainable crop production. Soil quality is a blending of soil processes and provides to a measure change in soil condition as related to following factors such as land use, climate patterns, cropping sequences and farming systems. In the present investigation analysis of different physical and chemical characteristics were made to determine soil health of Bokaro district. Results show that soil bulk density was in normal range, soil pore space % varied from 39.85 to 48.32 g cm-3, particle density ranged from 2.24 to 2.69 Mg m-3, water holding capacity varied from 34.23 to 43.86 %. Soil pH and EC were found to be acidic and non-saline in nature respectively while soil organic carbon and available phosphorus were in medium to high range. Available nitrogen and potassium were found to be low to medium range i.e., 197.0 to 219.0 Kg ha - 1 and 201.96 to 266.01 Kg ha -1 and the range of phosphorus varied from 16.96 to 26.68 kg ha -1 respectively. Deficiency of sulphur followed by zinc was found in soils of Bokaro district.
{"title":"Assessment of Soil Health and Soil Quality of Bokaro, District, Jharkhand, India","authors":"Ankita Kumari, T. Thomas, N. Swaroop, S. Mohanta, Ashima Thomas","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64667","url":null,"abstract":"Taking care of soil health is most importance for sustainable crop production. Soil quality is a blending of soil processes and provides to a measure change in soil condition as related to following factors such as land use, climate patterns, cropping sequences and farming systems. In the present investigation analysis of different physical and chemical characteristics were made to determine soil health of Bokaro district. Results show that soil bulk density was in normal range, soil pore space % varied from 39.85 to 48.32 g cm-3, particle density ranged from 2.24 to 2.69 Mg m-3, water holding capacity varied from 34.23 to 43.86 %. Soil pH and EC were found to be acidic and non-saline in nature respectively while soil organic carbon and available phosphorus were in medium to high range. Available nitrogen and potassium were found to be low to medium range i.e., 197.0 to 219.0 Kg ha - 1 and 201.96 to 266.01 Kg ha -1 and the range of phosphorus varied from 16.96 to 26.68 kg ha -1 respectively. Deficiency of sulphur followed by zinc was found in soils of Bokaro district.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"60 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64665
Purba Mishra, Gritta Elizabeth Jolly
Waste management is a crucial aspect of modern societies, encompassing various activities to ensure the safe and effective disposal of waste materials. It can be classified as hazardous waste, electronic trash (e-waste), industrial waste, and municipal solid waste (MSW). Sustainable waste management practices aim to reduce environmental impact while protecting public health. Urbanization leads to increased residential water consumption, however reusing wastewater for non-potable applications like agriculture can be cost-effective. The overall costs of delivering wastewater for agricultural reuse, including treatment, storage, and transportation, are less the total costs of safe environmental disposal alternatives. Drainage may also be a source of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), which reduces the cost of wastewater for agricultural reuse. The adoption of these principles could lead to a 48% reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. The management of hazardous waste, including toxic, flammable, corrosive, or reactive materials, is also a significant concern. In order to safeguard public health and stop the spread of infectious illnesses, animal manure management is crucial. The global generation of construction and demolition waste is expected to double by 2025, with the majority generated in Asia. Sustainable waste management practices are necessary to ensure public health and the environment.
{"title":"Utilizing Waste Materials to Enhance Crop Production: A Review","authors":"Purba Mishra, Gritta Elizabeth Jolly","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64665","url":null,"abstract":"Waste management is a crucial aspect of modern societies, encompassing various activities to ensure the safe and effective disposal of waste materials. It can be classified as hazardous waste, electronic trash (e-waste), industrial waste, and municipal solid waste (MSW). Sustainable waste management practices aim to reduce environmental impact while protecting public health. Urbanization leads to increased residential water consumption, however reusing wastewater for non-potable applications like agriculture can be cost-effective. The overall costs of delivering wastewater for agricultural reuse, including treatment, storage, and transportation, are less the total costs of safe environmental disposal alternatives. Drainage may also be a source of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), which reduces the cost of wastewater for agricultural reuse. The adoption of these principles could lead to a 48% reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. The management of hazardous waste, including toxic, flammable, corrosive, or reactive materials, is also a significant concern. In order to safeguard public health and stop the spread of infectious illnesses, animal manure management is crucial. The global generation of construction and demolition waste is expected to double by 2025, with the majority generated in Asia. Sustainable waste management practices are necessary to ensure public health and the environment.","PeriodicalId":14186,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":"22 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64660
Bidisha Chowdhury, N. Swaroop, T. Thomas, Kamlendra Kumar, Ashima Thomas
The experiment's goal was to demonstrate how zinc and vermicompost along with recommended dose of fertilizer effected the yield characteristics of okra and the health of the soil. Three levels of vermicompost at 0, 50, and 100% ha-1, N,P,K at 100% ha-1 and three levels of zinc at 0, 50, and 100% ha-1, respectively, were applied in the 3x3 RBD design. Vermicompost in combination produced a small decrease in soil pH 7.00 and negligible change in EC 0.19 dS m-1, decrease in bulk density 1.40 Mg m-1, increase in particle density 2.64 Mg m-1, according to treatment T9 (Vermicompost @ 100% + Zn @ 100%+ Recommended dose of fertilizer). Following fertilizer application, observations showed a significant increase in pore space (48.83%), water holding capacity (43.22%), organic carbon (0.52%), and available Phosphorous 24.67 kg ha-1, Potassium 182.86 kg ha-1, and Zn 0.53mg kg-1and T7 has highest at Nitrogen content with 292.33 kg h-1. Among other treatments for okra cultivation, nitrogen kg ha-1 phosphorus kg ha-1, potassium kg ha-1, and zinc mg kg-1 were also found to be significant. With regard to plant height of 120.70 cm, number of fruit plants-1 30.33, and fruit yield of 141.33 q ha-1, the maximum yield exhibited the best qualities. At 141.33q ha-1, it produced the highest yield. Applying zinc along with organic manures was also found to be a superior source of fertilization than using fertilizers alone.
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