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A one-platform comparison study of brinzolamide-loaded liposomes, niosomes, transfersomes, and transniosomes for better management of glaucoma 为更好地治疗青光眼而对布林佐胺脂质体、niosomes、transferomes 和 transniosomes 进行的单平台比较研究。
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124741
Ocular drug delivery presents significant challenges due to various anatomical and physiological barriers. Ultradeformable vesicles have emerged as better vesicular systems for achieving deeper corneal penetration and enhanced ocular bioavailability. This research aims to develop a hybrid vesicular system with improved deformability and compare it to conventional vesicular carriers. The ultradeformable vesicle, termed “transniosomes,” is a combination of niosomes, liposomes, and transfersomes, loaded with brinzolamide as model drug. The brinzolamide-loaded transniosomes (BRZ-TN) was formulated and compared with different vesicular systems through in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo characterizations. The optimized BRZ-TN demonstrated a vesicle size of 112.06 ± 4.13 nm and an entrapment efficiency of 93.63 ± 0.30 %. With a deformability index of 6.405, the BRZ-TN exhibited a permeability of 86.68 ± 2.51 % over 10 h, which is approximately 1.3 times higher than other conventional vesicular systems. Additionally, the BRZ-TN showed a drug flux of 0.247 ± 0.01 mg/cm2/h and an apparent permeability of 0.09 ± 1.21 cm/s. Pre-clinical experiments confirmed the superiority of the optimized BRZ-TN, achieving a 37 % reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP), post 6hr of administration, indicating its prolonged therapeutic effect and improved ocular bioavailability. The findings of this study suggest that transniosomes are superior to other carriers and hold great promise as a nanocarrier for ocular drug delivery.
由于各种解剖和生理障碍,眼部给药面临着巨大挑战。超可变形囊泡已成为更好的囊泡系统,可实现更深的角膜渗透并提高眼部生物利用度。本研究旨在开发一种具有更好变形能力的混合囊泡系统,并将其与传统囊泡载体进行比较。这种被称为 "transniosomes "的超变形囊泡是niosomes、脂质体和转移体的结合体,以布林佐胺为模型药物。通过体外、体内和体外特性分析,配制出了布林佐胺负载型转囊体(BRZ-TN),并将其与不同的囊泡系统进行了比较。优化后的 BRZ-TN 囊泡大小为 112.06 ± 4.13 nm,包埋效率为 93.63 ± 0.30 %。BRZ-TN 的变形指数为 6.405,10 小时内的渗透率为 86.68 ± 2.51%,是其他传统囊泡系统的约 1.3 倍。此外,BRZ-TN 的药物通量为 0.247 ± 0.01 mg/cm2/h,表观渗透率为 0.09 ± 1.21 cm/s。临床前实验证实了优化后的 BRZ-TN 的优越性,给药 6 小时后,眼内压(IOP)降低了 37%,这表明它具有延长疗效和改善眼部生物利用度的作用。这项研究结果表明,反式纳米体优于其他载体,有望成为眼部给药的纳米载体。
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引用次数: 0
Temperature switchable linkers suitable for triggered drug release in cancer thermo-chemotherapy 适用于癌症热化学疗法中触发式药物释放的温度可切换连接体。
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124757
In drug delivery systems, a stimuli-responsive linker that attaches a targeting carrier and a cytotoxic payload can be dissociated to release the payload on the target over the action of a stimuli, thereby it would harden the selectivity, specificity and potency of the cytotoxic agent against targeted tissues whilst sparing the drug-induced toxicity on normal cells. Oligonucleotide duplexes can unwind and be separated into single-stranded random coils under a defined temperature, and this property makes the oligonucleotide an appealing thermo-responsive linker. In this work, we studied the melting temperatures of different DNA linkers with various lengths and mismatches inserted in the double helix with either different numbers or positions. We further chose the DNA linkers that can unwind at the hyperthermia temperature and used them in the construction of four different drug delivery systems both in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that the chosen DNA linkers in all of the constructed delivery systems can successfully unwind and release cargos or drugs after application of heat compared to control groups. This research demonstrated the potential applications of DNA duplexes as temperature-sensitive linkers of drug delivery systems for cancer therapy.
在给药系统中,连接靶向载体和细胞毒性有效载荷的刺激响应连接体可在刺激作用下解离,将有效载荷释放到靶点上,从而增强细胞毒剂对靶组织的选择性、特异性和效力,同时避免药物对正常细胞的毒性。寡核苷酸双链体在特定温度下可以解开并分离成单链随机线圈,这一特性使寡核苷酸成为一种有吸引力的热响应连接体。在这项工作中,我们研究了不同长度的 DNA 连接体的熔化温度,以及插入双螺旋中的不同数目或位置的错配。我们进一步选择了能在高热温度下解开的 DNA 连接体,并将其用于构建四种不同的体外和体内给药系统。结果表明,与对照组相比,所有构建的给药系统中选择的 DNA 连接体都能在加热后成功解开并释放载体或药物。这项研究证明了 DNA 双链体作为癌症治疗药物输送系统的温度敏感连接体的潜在应用价值。
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引用次数: 0
Synergistic antibacterial and wound healing effects of chitosan nanofibers with ZnO nanoparticles and dual antibiotics 壳聚糖纳米纤维与氧化锌纳米粒子和双重抗生素的协同抗菌和伤口愈合效果。
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124767
One concern that has been considered potentially fatal is bacterial infection. In addition to the development of biocompatible antibacterial dressings, the screening and combination of new antibiotics effective against antibiotic resistance are crucial. In this study, designing hemostasis electrospun composite nanofibers containing chitosan (CS), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and Gelatin (G) as the major components of hydrogel and natural nanofibrillated sodium alginate (SA)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) combination as the nanofiller ingredient, has been investigated which demonstrated significant potential for accelerating wound healing. The hydrogels were developed for the delivery of the amikacin and cefepime antibiotics, along with zinc oxide nanoparticles that were applied to an electrospun layer. Amikacin is a highly effective aminoglycoside antibiotic, particularly for hospital-acquired infections, but its use is limited due to its toxicity. By utilizing it in low concentrations in the form of nanofibers and combining it with cefepime, which exhibits synergistic effects, enhanced efficacy against bacterial pathogens is achieved while potentially minimizing cytotoxicity compared to individual antibiotics. This dressing demonstrated efficient drug release, flexibility, and good swelling properties, indicating its suitable mechanical properties for therapeutic applications. After applying the biocompatible hydrogel to wounds, a significant acceleration in wound closure was observed within 14 days compared to the control group. Furthermore, the notable antibiotic and anti-inflammatory properties underscore its effectiveness in wound healing, making it a promising candidate for medical applications.
细菌感染是一个可能致命的问题。除了开发生物相容性抗菌敷料外,筛选和组合能有效抵抗抗生素耐药性的新型抗生素也至关重要。本研究以壳聚糖(CS)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和明胶(G)为水凝胶的主要成分,以天然纳米纤化海藻酸钠(SA)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)和氧化锌纳米粒子(ZnONPs)组合为纳米填料成分,设计了止血电纺复合纳米纤维,在加速伤口愈合方面具有显著的潜力。所开发的水凝胶用于输送阿米卡星和头孢吡肟抗生素,以及应用于电纺层的氧化锌纳米粒子。阿米卡星是一种高效的氨基糖苷类抗生素,尤其适用于医院感染,但由于其毒性,其使用受到限制。通过以纳米纤维的形式使用低浓度的阿米卡星,并将其与头孢吡肟结合使用(头孢吡肟具有协同作用),可以增强对细菌病原体的疗效,同时与单独使用抗生素相比,有可能将细胞毒性降至最低。这种敷料具有高效的药物释放性、柔韧性和良好的膨胀特性,表明其机械性能适合治疗应用。将生物相容性水凝胶用于伤口后,与对照组相比,14 天内伤口闭合速度明显加快。此外,水凝胶还具有显著的抗生素和消炎特性,这突出表明了它在伤口愈合方面的有效性,使其成为一种很有前途的医疗应用候选材料。
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引用次数: 0
Hispidulin-rich fraction of Clerodendrum fragrans Wild. (Sesewanua) dissolving microneedle as antithrombosis candidate: A proof of concept study 作为抗血栓候选药物的 Clerodendrum fragrans Wild.(Sesewanua)溶解微针作为抗血栓候选物:概念验证研究。
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124766
Existing conventional antithrombosis drugs have caused many side effects, opening up opportunities for the development of new thrombotic drugs. There is potential to use the hispidulin-rich fraction of sesewanua (HRFS) as a new antithrombotic. The oral route limitation of hispidulin, as a low water solubility and non-polar compound, can be addressed. This study explores the potential of HRFS in the form of dissolving microneedles (DMN). The formula was created using polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), and non-ionic surfactant. Ex vivo permeation studies found that 184.95 µg/cm2 of hispidulin was released 60 h after the best formulation. After 14 days of applying HRFS-DMN, the anticoagulant and antioxidant activity in male albino rats showed higher Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) and Prothrombin Time (PT) values and lower Inter Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) values. No statistically significant differences were found between the effects of two and four HRFS-DMN and the injection of heparin at a dosage of 200 IU per kilogram. However, notable distinctions were observed when comparing HRFS-DMN to negative controls, oral and quercetin as positive controls at anti-ICAM activity. The findings confirmed the feasibility of HRFS-DMN for thrombosis and its effectiveness in delivering Hispidulin (HIS) into the bloodstream. This DMN is non-irritating, safe, and painless, showing promising outcomes in enhancing the efficacy of thrombosis treatment via the transdermal route.
现有的传统抗血栓药物有很多副作用,这为开发新的抗血栓药物提供了机会。西番莲中富含的糙硬毛甙成分(HRFS)有可能被用作新型抗血栓药物。糙叶苷作为一种低水溶性和非极性化合物,其口服途径的局限性可以得到解决。本研究探索了以溶解微针(DMN)形式存在的 HRFS 的潜力。配方中使用了聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 K-30(PVP)和非离子表面活性剂等聚合物。体内渗透研究发现,最佳配方使用 60 小时后,184.95 微克/平方厘米的糙皮素被释放出来。使用 HRFS-DMN 14 天后,雄性白化大鼠的抗凝血和抗氧化活性显示,活化部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT)和凝血酶原时间(PT)值升高,细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)值降低。注射 2 次和 4 次 HRFS-DMN 与注射每公斤 200 IU 的肝素在统计学上没有明显差异。不过,在将 HRFS-DMN 与阴性对照、口服和槲皮素作为抗 ICAM 活性的阳性对照进行比较时,观察到了明显的区别。研究结果证实了HRFS-DMN治疗血栓形成的可行性及其将Hispidulin(HIS)输送到血液中的有效性。这种 DMN 无刺激、安全、无痛,在通过透皮途径提高血栓治疗效果方面显示出良好的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Personalization of Intravaginal rings by droplet deposition modeling based 3D printing technology 基于液滴沉积建模的三维打印技术实现阴道内环的个性化定制
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124754
Intravaginal rings (IVRs) are long-acting drug device systems designed for controlled drug release in the vagina. Commercially available IVRs employ a one-size-fits-all development approach, where all patients receive the same drug in similar doses and frequencies, allowing no space for dosage individualization for specific patients’ needs. To allow flexibility for dosage individualization, this study explores the impact of infill-density on critical characteristics of personalized IVRs, manufactured using droplet deposition modeling three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. The model drug was dispersed on the surface of thermoplastic polyurethane pellets using an oil coating method. IVR infill-density ranged from 60 to 100 %. The compatibility of the drug and matrix was assessed using thermal and spectroscopic analyses. The IVRs were evaluated for weight, porosity, surface morphology, mechanical properties, and in vitro drug release. The results demonstrated high dimensional accuracy and uniformity of 3D-printed IVRs, indicating the robustness of the printing process. Increasing infill-density resulted in greater weight, storage modulus, Young’s modulus, Shore hardness, and compression strength, while reducing the porosity of IVRs. All IVRs showed a controlled drug release pattern when tested under accelerated conditions of temperature for 25 days. Notably, greater infill-densities were associated with a decrease in the percentage of drug released. Overall, the study demonstrated that infill-density was an important parameter for personalizing the critical characteristics of the 3D-printed IVRs to fit individual patient needs.
阴道内环(IVR)是一种长效药物装置系统,设计用于在阴道内控制药物释放。市售的 IVR 采用 "一刀切 "的开发方法,即所有患者都以相似的剂量和频率接受相同的药物,没有针对特定患者需求进行剂量个体化的空间。为了使剂量个性化具有灵活性,本研究探讨了填充密度对个性化 IVR 关键特性的影响,IVR 是利用液滴沉积建模三维(3D)打印技术制造的。采用油涂层方法将模型药物分散在热塑性聚氨酯颗粒表面。IVR 填充密度范围为 60% 至 100%。通过热分析和光谱分析评估了药物和基质的相容性。对 IVR 的重量、孔隙率、表面形态、机械性能和体外药物释放进行了评估。结果表明,3D 打印的 IVR 具有较高的尺寸精度和均匀性,表明打印过程非常稳健。增加填充密度可提高重量、储存模量、杨氏模量、肖氏硬度和压缩强度,同时降低 IVR 的孔隙率。在 25 天的加速温度条件下进行测试时,所有 IVR 都显示出可控的药物释放模式。值得注意的是,填充密度越大,药物释放的百分比就越低。总之,该研究表明,填充密度是个性化三维打印 IVR 关键特性的一个重要参数,可满足患者的个性化需求。
{"title":"Personalization of Intravaginal rings by droplet deposition modeling based 3D printing technology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intravaginal rings (IVRs) are long-acting drug device systems designed for controlled drug release in the vagina. Commercially available IVRs employ a one-size-fits-all development approach, where all patients receive the same drug in similar doses and frequencies, allowing no space for dosage individualization for specific patients’ needs. To allow flexibility for dosage individualization, this study explores the impact of infill-density on critical characteristics of personalized IVRs, manufactured using droplet deposition modeling three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. The model drug was dispersed on the surface of thermoplastic polyurethane pellets using an oil coating method. IVR infill-density ranged from 60 to 100 %. The compatibility of the drug and matrix was assessed using thermal and spectroscopic analyses. The IVRs were evaluated for weight, porosity, surface morphology, mechanical properties, and in vitro drug release. The results demonstrated high dimensional accuracy and uniformity of 3D-printed IVRs, indicating the robustness of the printing process. Increasing infill-density resulted in greater weight, storage modulus, Young’s modulus, Shore hardness, and compression strength, while reducing the porosity of IVRs. All IVRs showed a controlled drug release pattern when tested under accelerated conditions of temperature for 25 days. Notably, greater infill-densities were associated with a decrease in the percentage of drug released. Overall, the study demonstrated that infill-density was an important parameter for personalizing the critical characteristics of the 3D-printed IVRs to fit individual patient needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An aerosol nanocomposite microparticle formulation using rifampicin-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for the treatment of pulmonary diseases 利用利福平-环糊精包合物治疗肺部疾病的气溶胶纳米复合微粒配方
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124755
Rifampicin (RIF) is commonly used in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), a bacterium that currently infects one fourth of the world’s population. Despite the effectiveness of RIF in treating TB, current RIF treatment regimens require frequent and prolonged dosing, leading to decreased patient compliance and, ultimately, increased mortality rates. This project aims to provide an alternative to oral RIF by means of an inhalable spray-dried formulation. TB uses alveolar macrophages to hide and replicate until the cells rupture, further spreading the bacteria. Therefore, delivering RIF directly to the lungs can increase the drug concentration at the site of infection while reducing off-site side effects. Cyclodextrin (CD) was used to create a RIF-CD inclusion complex to increase RIF solubility and biodegradable RIF-loaded NP (RIF NP) were developed to provide sustained release of RIF. RIF NP and RIF-CD inclusion complex were spray dried to form a dry powder nanocomposite microparticles (nCmP) formulation (RIF-CD nCmP). RIF-CD nCmP displayed appropriate aerosol dispersion characteristics for effective deposition in the alveolar region of the lungs (4.0 µm) with a fine particle fraction of 89 %. The nCmP provided both a burst release of RIF due to the RIF-CD complex and pH-sensitive release of RIF due to the RIF NP incorporated into the formulation. RIF-CD nCmP did not adversely affect lung epithelial cell viability and RIF NP were able to effectively redisperse from the nCmP after spray drying. These results suggest that RIF-CD nCmP can successfully deliver RIF to the site of TB infection while providing both immediate and sustained release of RIF. Overall, the RIF-CD nCmP formulation has the potential to improve the efficacy for the treatment of TB.
利福平(RIF)是治疗结核病(TB)的常用药物,目前全球四分之一的人口感染了这种细菌。尽管 RIF 在治疗结核病方面效果显著,但目前的 RIF 治疗方案需要频繁、长时间给药,导致患者依从性降低,最终增加了死亡率。本项目旨在通过一种可吸入的喷雾干燥制剂,提供口服 RIF 的替代品。肺结核利用肺泡巨噬细胞隐藏和复制,直到细胞破裂,细菌进一步扩散。因此,将 RIF 直接送入肺部可以增加感染部位的药物浓度,同时减少异地副作用。环糊精(CD)被用来制造 RIF-CD 包合物以增加 RIF 的溶解度,而可生物降解的 RIF 负载 NP(RIF NP)则被用来提供 RIF 的持续释放。RIF NP 和 RIF-CD 包合物经喷雾干燥后形成干粉纳米复合微粒(nCmP)制剂(RIF-CD nCmP)。RIF-CD nCmP 显示出适当的气溶胶分散特性,可有效沉积在肺泡区域(4.0 微米),细颗粒比例为 89%。nCmP 既能通过 RIF-CD 复合物实现 RIF 的猝发释放,又能通过配方中的 RIF NP 实现对 pH 值敏感的 RIF 释放。RIF-CD nCmP 不会对肺上皮细胞的活力产生不利影响,而且 RIF NP 在喷雾干燥后能有效地从 nCmP 中重新分散。这些结果表明,RIF-CD nCmP 可以成功地将 RIF 输送到肺结核感染部位,同时提供 RIF 的即时和持续释放。总之,RIF-CD nCmP 制剂具有提高结核病治疗效果的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A pH-responsive novel delivery system utilizing carbon quantum dots loaded with PT2385 for targeted inhibition of HIF-2α in the treatment of osteoarthritis 利用载入 PT2385 的碳量子点的 pH 响应型新型递送系统,在骨关节炎治疗中靶向抑制 HIF-2α。
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124752

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint disorder marked by the degradation of cartilage. Elevated concentrations of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) are intricately linked to the pathological development of OA. PT2385 has demonstrated effective inhibition of HIF-2α, thereby potentially impeding the initial advancement of OA. Nevertheless, challenges persist, including limited penetration into the deeper layers of cartilage, issues related to charge rejection, and a heightened rate of clearance from the joint. These constraints necessitate further consideration and exploration.

Methods

It has been demonstrated that PT2385 exhibits efficient inhibition of HIF-2α expression, thereby contributing to the delay in the progression of osteoarthritis. The pH-responsive attributes of carbon quantum dots, specifically those employing m-phenylenediamine (m-CQDs) coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA), have been systematically evaluated. In both in vitro settings involving cartilage explants and in vivo experiments, the efficacy of BSA-m-CQDs-PT2385 (BCP) has been confirmed in facilitating the transport of PT2385 to the middle and deep layers of cartilage. Furthermore, the BCP system demonstrates controlled drug release contingent upon alterations in environmental pH.

Results

While the use of PT2385 alone provides protective effects on chondrocytes within an inflamed environment, there exists an opportunity for further enhancement in its efficacy when administered via intra-articular injection. The BCP formulation, characterized by appropriate particle size and charge, facilitates seamless penetration into cartilage tissue. Additionally, BCP demonstrates the capability to release drugs in response to changes in environmental pH. In vitro experiments reveal that BCP effectively inhibits Hif-2α expression and catabolic factors in chondrocytes. Notably, cartilage explants and in vivo experiments indicate that BCP surpasses PT2385 alone in inhibiting the expression of HIF-2α and matrix metalloproteinase 13, particularly in the middle and deep layers.

Conclusions

The BCP drug delivery system exhibits selective release of PT2385 in response to pH changes occurring during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), thereby inhibiting HIF-2α expression deep within the cartilage. The use of BCP significantly augments the capacity of PT2385 to retard both cartilage degeneration and the progression of osteoarthritis. Consequently, BCP as an innovative approach utilizing m-CQDs to deliver PT2385 into articular cartilage, shows potential for treating osteoarthritis. This strategy opens new avenues for osteoarthritis treatment.
背景:骨关节炎(OA)是一种以软骨退化为特征的渐进性关节疾病。缺氧诱导因子-2α(HIF-2α)浓度升高与 OA 的病理发展密切相关。PT2385 已证明能有效抑制 HIF-2α,从而有可能阻碍 OA 的初期发展。然而,挑战依然存在,包括对软骨深层的渗透有限、与电荷排斥有关的问题以及从关节中清除的速度加快。这些限制因素需要进一步考虑和探索:研究表明,PT2385 能有效抑制 HIF-2α 的表达,从而有助于延缓骨关节炎的进展。我们对碳量子点的 pH 响应特性进行了系统评估,特别是那些采用间苯二胺(m-CQDs)包覆牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的量子点。在涉及软骨外植体的体外实验和体内实验中,BSA-m-CQDs-PT2385(BCP)在促进 PT2385 向软骨中层和深层运输方面的功效都得到了证实。此外,BCP 系统还能根据环境 pH 值的变化控制药物释放:结果:虽然单独使用 PT2385 对炎症环境中的软骨细胞具有保护作用,但通过关节内注射给药,其疗效仍有进一步提高的机会。BCP 配方具有适当的粒度和电荷,可无缝渗透到软骨组织中。此外,BCP 还能根据环境 pH 值的变化释放药物。体外实验显示,BCP 能有效抑制软骨细胞中 Hif-2α 的表达和分解代谢因子。值得注意的是,软骨外植体和体内实验表明,BCP在抑制HIF-2α和基质金属蛋白酶13的表达方面优于单独使用PT2385,尤其是在中层和深层:BCP给药系统能根据骨关节炎(OA)发展过程中发生的pH值变化选择性释放PT2385,从而抑制软骨深层HIF-2α的表达。BCP 的使用大大增强了 PT2385 延缓软骨退化和骨关节炎进展的能力。因此,BCP 作为一种利用 m-CQDs 将 PT2385 运送到关节软骨的创新方法,显示出治疗骨关节炎的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
THz-TDS transflection measurements as a process analyser for tablet mass THz-TDS 透射测量作为片剂质量的过程分析仪。
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124750
Tablet content and content uniformity are essential for the market release of the drug product. For tablets, content and uniformity are determined by the weight ratio of active pharmaceutical ingredient in the tablet and the tablets’ total mass. Novel process analytical technology tools for the control of the ratio of the active pharmaceutical ingredient have been proposed and implemented, but more robust, sensitive, and fast sensors for the control of tablet mass are desirable. In the presented study terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is proposed as a potential process analyser for tablet mass. THz-TDS is based on pulsed terahertz signals, which are mapped in the time-domain. Thus, the signal amplitude and arrival time are recorded. THz-TDS measurements of a tablet with a reflection setup result in two signals – a frontside reflection and a backside transflection. The presented study demonstrates that an increase in the tablet mass results in an increase in the time delay of the backside transflection. This is a result of the high refractive index of the solid fraction compared to air. It is suggested that the time delay of the transflection can be used as an indirect measure of tablet mass for which root mean squared errors of around 1 mg were found. The potential to measure tablets at high acquisition rates (50 Hz) is explored and considered feasible. Additionally, it has been demonstrated in previous work that the time delay of the frontside reflection allows a simultaneous assessment of the tablet height. The presented methodology opens the possibility of in-line monitoring of tablet mass as part of a content and content uniformity strategy at high sampling rates in the production environment. Further, as tablet height and mass can be assessed simultaneously, monitoring and control of the compression process based on a comprehensive assessment of physical tablet attributes can also be envisioned.
片剂的含量和含量均匀性是药品上市的关键。片剂的含量和均匀性取决于片剂中活性药物成分的重量比和片剂的总质量。目前已经提出并实施了用于控制活性药物成分比例的新型工艺分析技术工具,但仍需要更坚固、更灵敏、更快速的传感器来控制片剂质量。在本研究中,太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)被提议作为一种潜在的片剂质量过程分析器。THz-TDS 以脉冲太赫兹信号为基础,并在时域中进行映射。因此,信号的振幅和到达时间都会被记录下来。使用反射装置对片剂进行 THz-TDS 测量会产生两个信号--正面反射和背面透射。本研究表明,片剂质量的增加会导致背面透射的时间延迟增加。这是由于固体部分的折射率比空气高。研究表明,透射率可用作片剂质量的间接测量,其均方根误差约为 1 毫克。研究还探讨了以高采集率(50 赫兹)测量片剂的可能性,并认为这是可行的。此外,先前的工作已经证明,正面反射的时间延迟允许同时评估片剂高度。所介绍的方法为在线监测片剂质量提供了可能性,是生产环境中高采样率下含量和含量均匀性策略的一部分。此外,由于可以同时评估片剂高度和质量,因此还可以在全面评估片剂物理属性的基础上对压制过程进行监测和控制。
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引用次数: 0
Gypenoside A-loaded mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles ameliorate high-glucose-induced retinal microvasculopathy by inhibiting ferroptosis Gypenoside A负载mPEG-PLGA纳米颗粒通过抑制铁蛋白沉积改善高血糖诱导的视网膜微血管病变。
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124758
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the chronic microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which will cause retinal detachment and blindness without ideal therapies. Gypenoside A (GPA) are the main bioactive compound from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and have various pharmacological effects. However, it suffered from poor bioavailability and potential cardiotoxicity in the clinical application. To overcome those limitations, in this study, nearly spherical nanoparticles (GPA-NP) with a mean particle size of 140.6 ± 22.4 nm were prepared by encapsulating GPA into mPEG-PLGA. This encapsulation efficiency was 84.4 ± 6.9 %, and the drug load was 4.02 %±0.35 %. The results showed that GPA-NP displayed more prolonged GPA release and higher bioavailability in vitro than GPA. GPA-NP obviously reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokines in both retinal tissues of DR mice and high glucose-exposed HRMEC better than GPA alone. Mechanismly, GPA blocked the Nrf2-Keap1 interaction by binding with Kelch domain of Keap1 via alkyl and hydrogen bonds. Therefore, GPA-NP exerted more potent protectivity effects against high glucose-induced retinal microvascular endothelial ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo by activating Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 pathway. It could be a promising therapeutic agent for preventing DR.
糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)的慢性微血管并发症之一,如果没有理想的治疗方法,将会导致视网膜脱落和失明。绞股蓝苷 A(GPA)是绞股蓝的主要生物活性化合物,具有多种药理作用。然而,它在临床应用中存在生物利用度低和潜在心脏毒性的问题。为了克服这些局限性,本研究将绞股蓝封装到 mPEG-PLGA 中,制备了平均粒径为 140.6 ± 22.4 nm 的近球形纳米颗粒(GPA-NP)。封装效率为 84.4 ± 6.9 %,载药量为 4.02 % ± 0.35 %。结果表明,与 GPA 相比,GPA-NP 的体外释放时间更长,生物利用度更高。GPA-NP能明显降低DR小鼠和高糖暴露的HRMEC视网膜组织中氧化应激标记物和炎症细胞因子的水平,效果优于单独使用GPA。从机制上看,GPA通过烷基和氢键与Keap1的Kelch结构域结合,阻断了Nrf2与Keap1的相互作用。因此,GPA-NP通过激活Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4通路,在体外和体内对高糖诱导的视网膜微血管内皮铁栓形成具有更强的保护作用。它可能是一种很有前景的预防DR的治疗药物。
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引用次数: 0
Quality by design for Niosome-Based nanocarriers to improve transdermal drug delivery from lab to industry 基于 Niosome 的纳米载体的设计质量,从实验室到工业改进透皮给药。
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124747
Niosomes are essentially multilamellar or unilamellar vesicles based on non-ionic surfactants. They consist of surfactant macromolecules arranged in a bilayer, which surrounds an aqueous solute solution. Amphiphilic, biodegradable, biocompatible, and environmentally friendly materials are utilized for encapsulating the drugs in vesicles that enhance the bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, penetration of drug via the skin, and drug release in a controlled or sustained manner, and are employed to target the anticipated area via modifying composition that acts to minimize undesirable effects. With cholesterol as the lipid, Tween 20, Span 60, and Tween 60 are mostly employed as surfactants. Many medications, including Glibenclamide for diabetic kidney disease and anti-cancer medications including gemcitabine, cisplatin, and nintedanib, have been effectively encapsulated into niosomes. The traditional approach for creating niosomes at the lab scale is a thin film hydration process. The ideal ratio between primary components as well as critical manufacturing process parameters is key component in creating the best niosomal formulations with substantial drug loading and nanometric form. Utilizing the Design of Experiments (DoE) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in conjunction with Quality by design (QbD) is essential for comprehending how these variables interact both during lab preparation and during the scale-up process. Research on the development of anti-aging cosmetics is being done by Loreal. Niosomal preparations like Lancome are sold in stores. An overview of niosomes, penetration mechanisms, and quality by design from laboratory to industrial scale is provided in this article.
Niosomes 本质上是基于非离子表面活性剂的多胶束或单胶束囊泡。它们由排列成双分子层的表面活性剂大分子组成,双分子层包围着溶质水溶液。两亲性、可生物降解、生物相容性和环境友好型材料被用于将药物封装在囊泡中,从而提高生物利用率、疗效、药物经皮肤的渗透性,并以受控或持续的方式释放药物。以胆固醇为脂质的表面活性剂主要有吐温 20、吐温 60 和吐温 60。许多药物,包括治疗糖尿病肾病的格列本脲和抗癌药物(包括吉西他滨、顺铂和宁替达尼),都已被有效地封装到niosomes中。在实验室规模上制造 niosomes 的传统方法是薄膜水合工艺。主要成分之间的理想配比以及关键的生产工艺参数是制造具有大量药物负载和纳米形态的最佳niosomal配方的关键因素。将实验设计(DoE)和响应面方法(RSM)与质量设计(QbD)相结合,对于理解这些变量在实验室制备和放大过程中的相互作用至关重要。罗莱雅公司正在进行抗衰老化妆品的开发研究。像兰蔻这样的niosomal制剂已在商店出售。本文概述了从实验室到工业规模的niosomes、渗透机制和质量设计。
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International Journal of Pharmaceutics
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