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An Investigation into Properties of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Sand with Wheat Straw Ash and Addition of Polypropylene Fiber 麦秸灰部分替代砂石和掺加聚丙烯纤维对混凝土性能的影响
Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/002.01.004
Priyanshu A. P., Col Vivek Mathur
Concrete is the more widely utilized construction material on the planet earth, particularly in evolving and developing nations. Concrete was created as a stronger and more resistant building material as it was worked upon over time. Gradually, the man figured out how to create it, transport it, and utilize it more efficiently. We know that concrete is made from cement, sand, aggregate, and water. Out of these, some of them may be replaced with some other material like wheat straw ash, rice husk ash, fly ash, etc. for various purposes, mostly to utilize waste material without affecting the important properties of concrete beyond acceptable limits. This study deals with an investigation into the properties of concrete by partial replacement of sand with wheat straw ash and the addition of polypropylene fiber in it. Wheat Straw is the portion of leftovers of the wheat crop after it is harvested. In most countries, it is a waste. People burn it and cause pollution and health hazards, good strength and high performance in concrete are very much required in future construction work. It is felt that fiber dispersion in concrete is one method to improve the structural characteristics of concrete.
混凝土是地球上使用更广泛的建筑材料,特别是在发展中国家和发展中国家。随着时间的推移,混凝土成为了一种更坚固、更耐腐蚀的建筑材料。渐渐地,这个人想出了如何制造、运输和更有效地利用它的方法。我们知道混凝土是由水泥、沙子、骨料和水制成的。其中,部分可被麦秸灰、稻壳灰、粉煤灰等其他材料替代,用于各种用途,主要是利用废料,而不会超出可接受的限度影响混凝土的重要性能。本文研究了麦草灰部分替代砂石并在其中加入聚丙烯纤维对混凝土性能的影响。麦秸是小麦收获后的剩余部分。在大多数国家,这是一种浪费。人们对它的焚烧会造成污染和健康危害,在今后的建筑工作中对混凝土具有良好的强度和高性能是非常需要的。认为纤维在混凝土中的分散是改善混凝土结构特性的一种方法。
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引用次数: 0
CFD Analysis of Variable Displacement Swash Plate Type Axial Piston Pump Flat Slipper 变排量斜盘式轴向柱塞泵滑靴的CFD分析
Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/002.01.001
P. Trivedi, Vivek Verma, Manish C. Srivastava
In the field of hydraulic machines, piston pumps are the only ones that can work under very high pressures and deliver the best efficiency as a result of which they have a very sophisticated design. As per surveys, most parts of these pumps have validation from the experience of designers as a result of which there isn’t any mathematical tool for design optimization of different parts. Although there are now companies e.g. Oilgear Towler, who are in favor of, and themselves inserted, slots (grooves) on the slippers and in pistons as we shall in this report, there is no particular study to realize their benefits and drawbacks. Therefore, it is necessary to study the advantages and disadvantages arising due to the presence of grooves on the surface of different parts of the pump mathematically or through CFD solvers. In this project work, the aim is to analyze the effect of design parameters and working conditions on the pump behavior. This is done using a parametric study performed on a model of the slipper and simulating the physical problem on ANSYS. As major leakage occurs between slipper and swash plate clearance there-fore in this project report static and dynamic analysis of slipper is done. The Navier Stokes Equations are solved in 3-D to acquire results using Rhie and chow method and ANSYS FLUENT solver. The various design points which affect the efficiencies of a pump in a positive manner, if any, shall be discussed in the conclusion part.
在液压机领域,活塞泵是唯一可以在非常高的压力下工作并提供最佳效率的泵,因此它们具有非常复杂的设计。根据调查,这些泵的大部分部件都有设计人员的经验验证,因此没有任何数学工具用于不同部件的设计优化。虽然现在有一些公司,如Oilgear Towler,他们赞成并自己在拖鞋和活塞上插入槽(凹槽),正如我们在本报告中所述,没有特别的研究来实现它们的优点和缺点。因此,有必要用数学方法或通过CFD求解器来研究泵的不同部件表面存在沟槽所产生的利弊。在本项目工作中,目的是分析设计参数和工作条件对泵性能的影响。这是通过对滑靴模型进行参数化研究并在ANSYS上模拟物理问题来完成的。由于滑靴与斜盘间隙之间主要发生泄漏,因此本项目报告对滑靴进行了静力和动力分析。采用rihie - chow法和ANSYS FLUENT求解器对Navier - Stokes方程进行三维求解,得到结果。如果有的话,将在结论部分讨论对泵效率有积极影响的各种设计点。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic Braking System with Bumper Actuation 带有保险杠驱动的自动制动系统
Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/002.01.002
Gaurav Singh, P. Singh
For most people nowadays, driving is a common activity. Technology has undergone significant modifications, resulting in an increase in speed. However, high speed contributes to traffic accidents. When the driver is not attentive, ordinary braking is insufficient to prevent accidents. The braking system must be improved further in order to brake a vehicle when the driver is unable to do so, which may necessitate the use of an automatic braking system. The vehicle may brake without the driver's assistance using this autonomous braking technology. An automated braking system is an important aspect of car safety technology. It's a sophisticated system that's designed to avoid colliding with another vehicle or an obstacle of some sort. These systems use sensors like radar, video, infrared, and ultrasonic to scan for potential obstacles in front of the car and then use brake control to avoid a collision if the object is found.
对现在的大多数人来说,开车是一件很平常的事。技术经历了重大的改进,导致速度的提高。然而,高速导致交通事故。当驾驶员不注意时,普通的制动不足以防止事故的发生。制动系统必须进一步改进,以便在驾驶员无法制动时使车辆制动,这可能需要使用自动制动系统。使用这种自动制动技术,车辆可以在没有驾驶员辅助的情况下进行制动。自动制动系统是汽车安全技术的一个重要方面。这是一个复杂的系统,旨在避免与另一辆车或某种障碍物相撞。这些系统使用雷达、视频、红外和超声波等传感器扫描汽车前方的潜在障碍物,然后在发现物体时使用刹车控制来避免碰撞。
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引用次数: 0
Green Building Design Concept: A Sustainable Approach 绿色建筑设计理念:可持续发展的途径
Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/002.01.003
Shiv Lal
Concrete is the more widely utilized construction material on the planet earth, particularly in evolving and developing nations. Concrete was created as a stronger and more resistant building material as it was worked upon over time. Gradually, the man figured out how to create it, transport it, and utilize it more efficiently. We know that concrete is made from cement, sand, aggregate, and water. Out of these, some of them may be replaced with some other material like wheat straw ash, rice husk ash, fly ash, etc. for various purposes, mostly to utilize waste material without affecting the important properties of concrete beyond acceptable limits. This study deals with an investigation into the properties of concrete by partial replacement of sand with wheat straw ash and the addition of polypropylene fiber in it. Wheat Straw is the portion of leftovers of the wheat crop after it is harvested. In most countries, it is a waste. People burn it and cause pollution and health hazards, good strength and high performance in concrete are very much required in future construction work. It is felt that fiber dispersion in concrete is one method to improve the structural characteristics of concrete.
混凝土是地球上使用更广泛的建筑材料,特别是在发展中国家和发展中国家。随着时间的推移,混凝土成为了一种更坚固、更耐腐蚀的建筑材料。渐渐地,这个人想出了如何制造、运输和更有效地利用它的方法。我们知道混凝土是由水泥、沙子、骨料和水制成的。其中,部分可被麦秸灰、稻壳灰、粉煤灰等其他材料替代,用于各种用途,主要是利用废料,而不会超出可接受的限度影响混凝土的重要性能。本文研究了麦草灰部分替代砂石并在其中加入聚丙烯纤维对混凝土性能的影响。麦秸是小麦收获后的剩余部分。在大多数国家,这是一种浪费。人们对它的焚烧会造成污染和健康危害,在今后的建筑工作中对混凝土具有良好的强度和高性能是非常需要的。认为纤维在混凝土中的分散是改善混凝土结构特性的一种方法。
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引用次数: 0
Architectural Drawing of G+10 Building By 3ds Max+V-Ray Lumion 由3ds Max+V-Ray Lumion绘制的G+10建筑图纸
Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/001.02.004
Abhay Yadav, Devesh Ojha
This work aims to complete the planning and architectural drawing of the G+10 building. The planning is carried out in AutoCAD followed by architectural drawing in Auto-desk 3DS MAX 2015. The rendering of this work has been done in LUMION 10. The building design is a multi-story residential building i.e., G+10. The building is rectangular in shape. The ground floor is left as a parking space for 40 flats of the building. Every floor has 4 flats, two 2bhk and two 3bhk. Plans for all the floors are identical. The orientation of the building is in such a way that the front is facing towards the south. The building has been designed as an RCC framed structure and the type of wall is a brick wall.
本工作旨在完成G+10大厦的规划和建筑图纸。在AutoCAD中进行规划,然后在Auto-desk 3DS MAX 2015中绘制建筑图纸。这个作品的渲染已经在LUMION 10中完成。建筑设计为多层住宅,即G+10。这座建筑是长方形的。一楼被用作40个公寓的停车位。每层有4个单位,2个2bhk和2个3bhk。所有楼层的平面图都是一样的。建筑的朝向是正面朝南的。该建筑被设计为RCC框架结构,墙体类型为砖墙。
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引用次数: 0
Mixing of Sugar in Concrete of M20 Grade M20级混凝土中糖的掺入
Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/001.02.005
Akshat Jain, Devesh Ojha
The objective of this paper is to experimentally study the effect of sugar doses on the physical properties of concrete. Effect of sugar at concentrations of 0,0.5.0.75, and 1% by weight of cement-on-cement paste and M20 grade of concrete cured at 3,7,14, and 28 days was studied using Portland cement in the laboratory. The main function of sug-ar is it is used as an admixture to increase the initial setting time of concrete. After the study, it was concluded that the workability and compressive strength of concrete get enhanced when admixture like sugar is added into the concrete mix.
本文的目的是通过实验研究糖用量对混凝土物理性能的影响。在实验室中,使用波特兰水泥研究了糖浓度分别为0、0.5.0.75和1%(按重量计)的水泥对水泥膏体和M20级混凝土在3、7、14和28天养护时的影响。糖粉的主要作用是作为掺合料,延长混凝土初凝时间。研究表明,在混凝土中掺入糖等外加剂,可提高混凝土的和易性和抗压强度。
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引用次数: 0
Phycoremediation in Wastewater Treatment 废水处理中的藻修复
Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/001.02.002
D. Srivastava, O. S. Srivastava
The simplest definition of phycoremediation is the use of algae to treat wastewater. Water as a commodity is very scarce and follows a downward trend with every passing day. The Middle East and North Africa region accommodates almost 5% of the world’s population but contain less than 1% of the world’s annual renewable freshwater. The cities are growing at a rate of 4% every year, so this is only going to worsen the demand and supply of water. Hence the use of algae (microalgae and marine macroalgae, commonly known as seaweeds) particularly microalgae can help treat the water efficiently and cater to the demand of the growing population. The omnipotent stature of algae and their adaptation to multifarious habitats makes them tolerant to a wide range of environmental conditions, including nutrient levels. The algae can work as a carbon-reducing system that can convert carbon dioxide into oxygen through photosynthesis, due to its handling of adverse conditions we can use microalgae for bioremediation of wastewater and the biomass produced during the process can serve as food, fertilizers, and late, biofuels.
藻修复最简单的定义是利用藻类处理废水。水作为一种商品是非常稀缺的,并且每天都在下降。中东和北非地区拥有世界近5%的人口,但每年的可再生淡水储量却不到世界的1%。城市以每年4%的速度增长,所以这只会使水的需求和供应恶化。因此,使用藻类(微藻和海洋巨藻,通常称为海藻),特别是微藻可以帮助有效地处理水,满足不断增长的人口的需求。藻类的全能身材及其对各种栖息地的适应性使它们能够耐受各种环境条件,包括营养水平。微藻可以作为一个减碳系统,通过光合作用将二氧化碳转化为氧气,由于它对不利条件的处理,我们可以使用微藻对废水进行生物修复,在此过程中产生的生物质可以用作食物、肥料,甚至生物燃料。
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引用次数: 0
Structural Design of Raft Foundation - A Case Study of Lucknow Region in Uttar Pradesh, India 筏形基础结构设计——以印度北方邦勒克瑙地区为例
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/001.02.003
Devesh Ojha, R. Srivastava
In this age of rapid growth in population in India, there is a scarcity of land in prime locations, especially in metro cities of the country. To overcome this problem, we are moving towards vertical constriction. The main problem in moving towards vertical construction is the foundation system, if the foundation system in high-rise buildings is not planned and designed smartly and economically then there are different problems related to the foundation system that is going to arise, the soil in that area also plays a very important role in designing of the economical and stable foundation system. It is always beneficial to have a raft foundation on alluvial soil for high-rise buildings. But, however, it is a matter of great concern what foundation will be proposed on such types of natural soils or man-made refills. In this paper, an attempt has been made to design a raft foundation based on its geotechnical analysis. An extensive survey of research works devoted to studying the geotechnical parameters affecting the behavior of raft foundations is carried out with detailed experiments raft foundations are increasingly being recognized as an economical and effective foundation system for high-rise buildings. This paper sets out some principles of design for such foundations, including design for the geotechnical ultimate limit state, the structural ultimate limit state, and the serviceability limit state. Attention will be focused on the improvement in the foundation performance due to the raft being in contact with, and embedded within, the soil.
在这个印度人口快速增长的时代,黄金地段的土地稀缺,尤其是在该国的大都市。为了克服这个问题,我们正在朝着垂直收缩的方向发展。垂直建筑的主要问题是基础系统,如果高层建筑的基础系统没有得到合理和经济的规划和设计,那么就会出现与基础系统相关的各种问题,该地区的土壤在设计经济稳定的基础系统方面也起着非常重要的作用。高层建筑在冲积土上采用筏板基础总是有利的。但是,在这类天然土壤或人工填充物上提出什么样的地基是一个非常值得关注的问题。本文在对筏板基础进行岩土力学分析的基础上,进行了筏板基础设计的尝试。本文对影响筏形基础性能的岩土参数进行了广泛的研究,并进行了详细的试验研究。筏形基础作为一种经济有效的高层建筑基础体系,越来越受到人们的重视。本文阐述了此类基础的设计原则,包括岩土极限状态设计、结构极限状态设计和使用极限状态设计。由于筏板与土壤接触并嵌入土壤中,因此将重点关注基础性能的改善。
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引用次数: 0
Green Concrete Using Waste Rubber Tyre Particles 使用废旧橡胶轮胎颗粒的绿色混凝土
Pub Date : 2021-04-11 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/001.02.001
Pranav Pratap Singh
Concrete is perhaps the most often utilized construction material, in which cement and aggregate are unavoidable to manufacture. So, the use of excessive aggregate may lead to higher prices as a requirement of natural resources being costly. Solid waste management is attracting considerable interest these days. Different types of solid waste, such as waste tyres, have become a source of concern because they are not biodegradable nature. In many industries, for instance thermal power plants. The large proportion of discarded tyre rubber is converted into fuels, Cement furnaces, brick furnaces etc. Sad-ly, such use is not environmentally friendly and highly demanding, but it is costly. As a result, use of such leftover tyre rubber in making concrete was deemed to be an additional method of waste disposal. This type of garbage is intended to safeguard the environment. Attempt made in this analysis to classify the different properties mandatory for the creation of concrete mix with rough tyre rubber particles to be used as aggregate in a systematic manner. As part of this project, the M20 grade concrete was selected as the reference concrete specimen. In place of traditional coarse aggregate, rubber tyre granules in the form of cementitious material are employed.
混凝土可能是最常用的建筑材料,其中不可避免地要制造水泥和骨料。因此,使用过多的骨料可能会导致价格上涨,因为对自然资源的要求是昂贵的。固体废物管理最近引起了相当大的兴趣。不同类型的固体废物,如废轮胎,已成为一个令人关注的问题,因为它们是不可生物降解的性质。在许多行业,例如火力发电厂。废弃轮胎橡胶的很大一部分被转化为燃料、水泥炉、砖炉等。遗憾的是,这种使用并不环保,而且要求很高,但成本很高。因此,使用这种剩余的轮胎橡胶来制造混凝土被认为是一种额外的废物处理方法。这种垃圾是为了保护环境。在本分析中,试图对使用粗糙轮胎橡胶颗粒作为骨料的混凝土混合料的不同性能进行分类,以系统的方式进行分类。作为本项目的一部分,我们选择了M20级混凝土作为参考混凝土试件。采用胶凝材料形式的橡胶轮胎颗粒代替传统的粗骨料。
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引用次数: 0
Statistical Analysis of Distress Management in Existing Buildings 既有建筑遇险管理的统计分析
Pub Date : 2021-04-04 DOI: 10.54060/jmce/001.01.005
Sahil Tomar
Weak workmanship, structural defects, lack of care, atmospheric impact, and natural calamities are all causes of building distress. As a result, periodic repair and restoration of a concrete structure are needed to prolong its life and maintain structural integrity during its design life. Since the number and severity of distress are proportional to the building's age. The distressed structure should be brought to required strength by retro-fitting and re-habilitation so it may be put to service without imperiling its utility and safety.
做工薄弱、结构缺陷、缺乏护理、大气影响和自然灾害都是造成建筑物受损的原因。因此,需要对混凝土结构进行定期修复和恢复,以延长其使用寿命,并在其设计寿命期间保持结构的完整性。因为受损的数量和严重程度与建筑物的年龄成正比。应通过改造和修复使受损结构达到要求的强度,以便在不危及其效用和安全的情况下投入使用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Mechanical and Construction Engineering (JMCE)
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