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Factor Affecting Nutritional Status among Students in Pandemic Period: Sleep Duration, Physical Activity, and Knowledge of Balanced Nutrition 流行病期间影响学生营养状况的因素:睡眠时间、身体活动和均衡营养知识
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.276
M. M. Damayanti, Y. Yuniarti
The pandemic situation due to COVID-19, the coronavirus disease that has spread throughout the world, has an impact on all aspects, including nutritional needs, especially in children. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutritional status with sleep duration, physical activity, and knowledge of balanced nutrition among a group of students in a pandemic period. The research is observational analytic cross-sectional conducted in Manarul Huda Islamic Boarding School Bandung to 39 students. Body Mass Index (BMI) is used to assess nutritional status. Knowledge of balanced nutrition through a validated questionnaire; sleep duration, which is obtained from the question how long do you need to sleep in 1 day; and physical activity rated from the duration of exercise in 1 week. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0. The relationship between categorical variables was assessed using the Chi-square independence test. The result shows that nutritional status among students has good interaction with sleep duration, physical activity, and knowledge of balanced nutrition with a value of p<0.05. In conclusion, this study states nutritional status determines the quality of life. Sleep duration, exercise, and knowledge of balanced nutrition are factors that can determine a person's nutritional status. Further analysis is needed regarding other factors that influence nutritional status.
由COVID-19(冠状病毒病)引起的大流行局势已在全球蔓延,对各个方面都产生了影响,包括营养需求,特别是儿童的营养需求。本研究旨在分析大流行时期一组学生的营养状况与睡眠时间、身体活动和均衡营养知识之间的关系。本研究是在万隆Manarul Huda伊斯兰寄宿学校对39名学生进行的观察分析横断面研究。身体质量指数(BMI)用于评估营养状况。通过有效的问卷了解均衡营养;睡眠时间,这是从问题中得到的,你一天需要睡多长时间;身体活动量从一周的运动时长算起。采用SPSS 23.0版本进行统计分析。使用卡方独立性检验评估分类变量之间的关系。结果表明,学生的营养状况与睡眠时间、身体活动量、均衡营养知识有良好的交互作用,p<0.05。总之,本研究表明营养状况决定生活质量。睡眠时间、锻炼和均衡营养知识是决定一个人营养状况的因素。需要进一步分析影响营养状况的其他因素。
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引用次数: 0
The Correlation between Anxiety and Insomnia Levels to Families of Health Workers during COVID-19 COVID-19期间医护人员家属焦虑和失眠水平的相关性
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.261
Noripansyah Noripansyah, L. Amar
There are 5,197 positive confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Banjarbaru. It is known that the COVID-19 pandemic causes essential problems related to basic needs such as economic, social, shelter and nutrition, as well as the physical effects of the disease. Not only health workers but also families of health workers experience psychological pressure. In a preliminary study, it was found that the family feel worried and anxious about their families members who work in a hospital to take care of patients. This research aims to investigate the correlation between anxiety levels and insomnia in family members of health workers at Idaman Hospital, Banjarbaru, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses a Cross-Sectional approach using social media with the google form platform taking 125 correspondence as a sample. The research instrument used the DASS-21 and Insomnia Severity Index. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program, with the Spearman rank correlation test working by testing the associative hypothesis of two ordinal scale variables (ranking). A total of 70.4% of family members of health workers at Idaman Hospital Banjarbaru have a very severe level of anxiety. In addition, 46.4% of the families of health workers at Idaman Hospital Banjarbaru experienced severe insomnia. The correlation for state anxiety-insomnia is 0.846 with a p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05). This indicates that the two variables have a significant relationship with moderate correlation strength. The direction of the positive correlation indicates that these two variables move in the same direction, meaning that the higher the anxiety, the higher insomnia is experienced. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the population was limited. It is necessary to conduct further and comprehensive research on the psychological impact on family members of health workers. It is very limited to find research that examines the psychological condition of the family of health workers because, as we know, that not only affects the health workers themselves, but the family also experiences psychological impacts.
班贾巴鲁共有5197例新冠肺炎确诊阳性病例。众所周知,COVID-19大流行造成了与经济、社会、住房和营养等基本需求以及疾病对身体的影响有关的基本问题。不仅是卫生工作者,而且卫生工作者的家属也面临着心理压力。在一项初步研究中,发现家庭对在医院照顾病人的家庭成员感到担忧和焦虑。本研究旨在调查2019冠状病毒病大流行期间班贾巴鲁伊达曼医院卫生工作者家属的焦虑水平与失眠之间的相关性。本研究采用社交媒体与谷歌表单平台的横断面方法,以125封通信为样本。研究工具采用das -21和失眠严重程度指数。采用SPSS程序对数据进行分析,通过检验两个有序量表变量(秩)的关联假设,采用Spearman秩相关检验。班贾巴鲁伊达曼医院卫生工作者的家庭成员中,共有70.4%患有非常严重的焦虑症。此外,班贾巴鲁伊达曼医院46.4%的卫生工作者家庭患有严重失眠症。状态焦虑与失眠的相关性为0.846,p值= 0.000 (p < 0.05)。这表明两个变量之间存在显著的相关关系,相关强度适中。正相关的方向表明,这两个变量在同一个方向上移动,这意味着焦虑程度越高,失眠程度越高。由于COVID-19大流行,人口有限。有必要对卫生工作者家庭成员的心理影响进行进一步全面的研究。调查卫生工作者家庭心理状况的研究非常有限,因为正如我们所知,这不仅影响到卫生工作者本身,而且家庭也会受到心理影响。
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引用次数: 0
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and C-Reactive Protein in Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease 非透析慢性肾脏疾病中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比率和c反应蛋白
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.275
Acang Nuzirwan, S. Budiman, K. Sussylawati., T. Vidia.
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs when a disease or condition impairs kidney function, causing kidney damage to worsen over several months. Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukine are widely used in CKD. However, those traditional biomarkers have their limitations because of its measurement is costly or inaccessible. Recently, the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was reported to be associated with inflammation in End-stage renal disease (ESRD). Its measurement is simpler and cheaper4.5. The aim of the present study was to determine whether NLR is associated with CRP in CKD patients. Methods: This cross-sectional and observational analytic study was conducted 12 consecutive Pre Hemodialysis patients ESRD between Mei 2021 and Augustus 2021. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the results of the examination of the CRP and NLR levels. Then analyzed whether there is have a correlation. Results: The composite endpoint was observed in 12 patients with ESRD; it was found that both of the values of NLR and CRP were equally increased in ESRD patients, although they were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that a high NLR in ESDR and suggesting that NLR may be a useful marker for the prediction of infection in patients with CKD.
背景:慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)是一种疾病或状况损害肾脏功能,导致肾脏损害在几个月内恶化。炎症标志物如c反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素在CKD中被广泛使用。然而,这些传统的生物标志物有其局限性,因为其测量成本高或难以获得。最近,中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率(NLR)被报道与终末期肾病(ESRD)的炎症有关。它的测量方法更简单、更便宜。本研究的目的是确定慢性肾病患者NLR是否与CRP相关。方法:本横断面观察性分析研究对12例从Mei 2021年至Augustus 2021年期间连续进行血液透析前ESRD的患者进行了研究。根据CRP和NLR水平的检测结果将受试者分为两组。然后分析二者是否存在相关性。结果:在12例ESRD患者中观察到复合终点;结果发现,ESRD患者NLR和CRP均升高,但无统计学意义。结论:本研究表明,ESDR患者的NLR较高,提示NLR可能是预测CKD患者感染的有用指标。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Unbalanced Nourishment on Growth Period to Memory in Mice 营养不平衡对小鼠生长期及记忆的影响
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.262
A. B. Yulianti, W. Widayanti, I. Rahmawaty
Quality of life in adulthood is determined by the quality of life of the embryo. Nutrition determines the quality of embryo life. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of unbalance nourishment on memory in the mouse. This research is an experimental study using mice as experimental animals.  Twenty-four mice were divided into four groups. Group 1 was given standard nourish (Feed 1), Group 2 was given high carbohydrate (Feed 2), Group 3 was given high protein (Feed 3), Group 4 was given a high fat (Feed 4) from weaning to pregnancy. Parameters measured were a memory with new objects recognition (NOR) methods. The result was mice with unbalance nourishment had memory decrease between after and before treatment. This can be explained by the calorie content of each feed. Feed 2 contains the smallest calories (2.89 Kcal). This means that the nutritional components are not sufficient as well as the calorie needs. Further research is unbalanced nourishment in the first generation will be passed on to the next generation.
成年期的生活质量是由胚胎期的生活质量决定的。营养决定胚胎生命的质量。本研究的目的是分析营养不平衡对小鼠记忆的影响。本研究是一项以小鼠为实验动物的实验性研究。24只小鼠被分为四组。组1饲喂标准营养(饲料1),组2饲喂高碳水化合物(饲料2),组3饲喂高蛋白(饲料3),组4饲喂高脂肪(饲料4),自断奶至妊娠。测量的参数是用新对象识别(NOR)方法记忆的。结果表明,营养不平衡的小鼠在治疗前后记忆力下降。这可以用每种饲料的卡路里含量来解释。饲料2的热量最少(2.89千卡)。这意味着营养成分和卡路里需求一样不足。进一步的研究是第一代营养不均衡是否会传给下一代。
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引用次数: 0
Organoleptic Test of Boba Flour Substitution of Pumpkin Seeds High in Fiber and Protein 高纤维高蛋白南瓜籽替代波巴粉的感官试验
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.267
Maurizka Sabrina Septia, Septa Katmawanti, S. Supriyadi
In 2013, the obesity rate in Indonesia for people over the age of 18 was 14.8 percent; by 2018, the obesity rate had risen to 21.8% (Riskesdas, 2018a). The significant number of fat people in Indonesia is caused by high sugar consumption and low fiber consumption regularly. One hundred grams of pumpkin seeds contain 6 grams of fiber, 30.23 grams of protein, 7.2 mg/100 zinc, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phytosterols (Nurhasim, Tamrin, and Wahab, 2017). The purpose of this study is to identify the panelists' level of preference for four formulations of pumpkin seed flour boba using assessment factors such as taste, color, texture, and aroma. The procedural model was used in this research and development. This development study utilizes an opinion-based process (Borg and Gall, 1984), which is then modified based on research needs. Organoleptic testing on boba products without added milk drinks on untrained panelists revealed a significant difference in color and texture parameters. There was no significant difference in panelist acceptability of aroma and taste characteristics. The findings of the untrained panelist's appraisal of boba added to a milk companion drink were then presented, revealing significant changes in the color and texture parameters. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant changes in the aroma and taste indices.
2013年,印尼18岁以上人群的肥胖率为14.8%;到2018年,肥胖率已上升至21.8% (Riskesdas, 2018a)。印尼大量的肥胖人群是由高糖摄入和低纤维摄入造成的。100克南瓜籽含有6克纤维、30.23克蛋白质、7.2毫克/100锌、多不饱和脂肪酸和植物甾醇(Nurhasim, Tamrin, and Wahab, 2017)。本研究的目的是利用口味、颜色、质地和香气等评估因素来确定小组成员对四种南瓜籽粉波巴配方的偏好程度。本研究采用程序模型进行开发。这种发展研究采用基于意见的过程(Borg和Gall, 1984),然后根据研究需要进行修改。未经培训的小组成员对不添加牛奶饮料的波巴产品进行感官测试,结果显示颜色和质地参数存在显着差异。小组成员对香气和味觉特征的可接受性无显著差异。未经培训的小组成员对添加到牛奶伴侣饮料中的波巴的评价结果显示,颜色和质地参数发生了重大变化。此外,香气和味觉指标没有统计学意义的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Literature Review: Transplacental Transmission of COVID-19 and Its Teratological Aspect 文献综述:COVID-19经胎盘传播及其致畸方面
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.274
A. R. Furqaani, A. B. Yulianti
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic affects all populations, including pregnant women. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) infection in pregnancy needs to be a concern because of the risk of transplacental transmission to the fetus and the potential to interfere with fetal development. The objective of this study is to review the transplacental transmission of COVID-19 and the teratological aspects of the event. This article is a literature study. Based on the literature obtained, placental infection, vertical transmission, and fetal infection have been identified in some cases. However, there is still no consistent and enough scientific evidence to show that those condition causes fetal damage or causes congenital anomalies. Virus and host characteristics are thought to explain why SARS-Cov-2 infection has not shown a teratological effect. SARS-CoV-2, similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) infection, does not indicate maternal-fetal transmission. The low-level expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and S protein priming proteases type II transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS 2) in the placenta is also considered to be the factor that plays a role in inhibiting the vertical transmission of COVID-19. Adverse outcome of fetal death is more due to pathophysiological conditions of maternal health caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection during gestation.
2019冠状病毒病(Covid-19)大流行影响所有人群,包括孕妇。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-Cov-2)感染在妊娠期间需要引起关注,因为它有经胎盘传播给胎儿的风险,并有可能干扰胎儿发育。本研究的目的是回顾COVID-19经胎盘传播及其致畸方面的事件。本文是一篇文献研究。根据已有的文献,在一些病例中发现了胎盘感染、垂直传播和胎儿感染。然而,仍然没有一致和足够的科学证据表明这些情况会导致胎儿损伤或导致先天性异常。病毒和宿主特征被认为可以解释为什么SARS-Cov-2感染没有显示出致畸效应。SARS- cov -2与严重急性呼吸系统综合征(SARS)和中东呼吸综合征(MERS)感染相似,并不表明母胎传播。胎盘中血管紧张素转换酶2 (ACE2)和S蛋白启动蛋白酶II型跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶(TMPRSS 2)的低表达也被认为是抑制COVID-19垂直传播的因素。胎儿死亡的不良结局更多是由于妊娠期SARS-CoV-2感染引起的孕产妇健康病理生理状况所致。
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引用次数: 0
Extra Virgin Olive Oil Nanoemulsion Attenuated Inflammatory Response in LPS-Induced Sepsis 特级初榨橄榄油纳米乳减轻脂多糖诱导脓毒症的炎症反应
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.278
A. Veterini, Nancy Margarita Rehatta, S. Soedarmo, H. Rachmawati, W. Widjiati, P. WidodoJ, A. Adi, I. Sudiana
The provision of nutritional components in critical illness such as sepsis remains a big issue in clinical application, particularly through oral route due to intestinal integrity damaged-associated absorption problem. The aim of this research was to develop an EVOO nanoemulsion as a nutrient carrier to improve its permeability while maintaining intestinal mucosa integrity in a mouse model of LPS-induced endotoxemia. EVOO nanoemulsion was prepared by using the ultrasonication-mild agitation method. EVOO nanoemulsion (1.5 mL) was administered to the mice via an orogastric tube. The effect of EVOO nanoemulsion was evaluated by assessing the histopathological alterations in the lung, measuring the activation of NF?B-p65, the levels of circulating SP-D, TNF-?, IL-8, and IL-10. The main result, EVOO nanoemulsion decreased circulating SP-D level after 24h. In conclusion, EVOO nanoemulsion is a promising carrier to improve nutrient absorption and decrease circulating SP-D as an organ injury biomarker.
在脓毒症等危重疾病中提供营养成分在临床应用中仍然是一个大问题,特别是通过口服途径,由于肠道完整性受损相关的吸收问题。本研究的目的是在lps诱导的小鼠内毒素血症模型中,开发一种EVOO纳米乳作为营养载体,以提高其通透性,同时保持肠黏膜的完整性。采用超声-轻度搅拌法制备了EVOO纳米乳。EVOO纳米乳(1.5 mL)经胃管给药。通过观察肺组织病理学改变、测定NF - 1活性来评价EVOO纳米乳的作用。B-p65,循环SP-D, TNF-?IL-8和IL-10。结果表明,EVOO纳米乳可降低24h后循环SP-D水平。综上所述,EVOO纳米乳是一种很有前途的载体,可作为器官损伤的生物标志物,促进营养吸收,降低循环SP-D。
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引用次数: 0
Physical and Blood Examining Characteristics of Shift Workers Nurses in Pandemic COVID-19 2019冠状病毒病疫情值班护士体检及血液检查特点
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.269
I. R. Alie, Y. Andriane, R. Perdana, Doni Septiadi Rosady, I. B. Akbar
Shift work is a rotating work time outside normal working hours, either rotating with the shift work division method; this shift work can cause changes in metabolism, immunological status, and oxidative status, which will cause inflammation due to changes in circadian rhythms. During this Covid-19 pandemic, nurses who are mostly women in providing 24-hour service also continue to do shift work. There are several risk factors that might be in the Covid- 19 pandemics, such as age, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. The purpose of this study was to look at the physical characteristics of female workers who worked shifts during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the study on 40 nurses who worked at Al Ihsan and Muhamadiyah  Hospitals West Java showed that 50% were over 31 years old, 97.5% of people had worked >5 years, 80% of people worked in the room, the results were as follows: 97.5% systolic blood pressure normal, diatolic 97.5% normal, BMI less 1.5%, normal 40%, excess 32.5%, 25% fat; Fasting blood sugar 92.5% normal, normal ESR 31 people 97.5%, normal cholesterol as much as 100%, normal triglycerides 95%, aerobic capacity (Vo2max) average 35.15±3.18, while cGMP levels 14.28( 1.4-67.7). These results indicate that there are risk factors for COVID-19, such as high BMI and abnormal fasting blood sugar.
倒班工作是正常工作时间以外的一种轮岗工作时间,要么采用轮岗工作分工法;这种轮班工作会导致新陈代谢、免疫状态和氧化状态的变化,这将导致由于昼夜节律的变化而引起炎症。在本次Covid-19大流行期间,提供24小时服务的护士(主要是女性)也继续轮班工作。Covid- 19大流行可能存在几个风险因素,如年龄、高血压、肥胖和糖尿病。本研究的目的是研究在Covid-19大流行期间轮班工作的女性工人的身体特征。对西爪哇Al Ihsan和Muhamadiyah医院工作的40名护士的研究结果表明,50%的护士年龄在31岁以上,97.5%的人工作>5年,80%的人在房间工作,结果如下:收缩压正常97.5%,舒张压正常97.5%,BMI低于1.5%,正常40%,超重32.5%,肥胖25%;空腹血糖正常92.5%,ESR正常31人97.5%,正常胆固醇高达100%,正常甘油三酯95%,有氧能力(Vo2max)平均为35.15±3.18,而cGMP水平为14.28(1.4-67.7)。这些结果表明,COVID-19存在高BMI和空腹血糖异常等危险因素。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Influenced Healthcare Service Delivery During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study in Cicalengka, Indonesia COVID-19大流行期间影响医疗服务提供的因素:以印度尼西亚Cicalengka为例
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.273
E. Nurhayati, Dika Ananda Elyani, Y. Fadillah
Since the enactment of the restriction in 2020, Puskesmas Cicalengka has been faced numerous healthcare delivery problems, which led to the failure of achieving the target of the healthcare program. It is important to identify the factors which caused the healthcare problems to compose a plan for years to come. Identification can be accomplished using a logic model framework consisting of input, process, output, and environment. This study was conducted to identify the input factors that play the roles in healthcare service delivery output in Puskesmas Cicalengka during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. This study was conducted as a qualitative study using a case study design. The study was done by analyzing related documents, observing and interviewing staff. Data was collected in March 2021. The result shows that Puskesmas was once closed in April 2020 due to the pandemic. In May 2020, Puskesmas reopened and started to provide healthcare services by following the new regulation from the Ministry of Health. The input factors which affected healthcare delivery in Puskesmas Cicalengka during the pandemic of COVID-19 in 2020 were man, money, material, methods, minutes, and information. Machine was the only factor that did not affect healthcare delivery since it was in good condition. Further research must be completed with quantitative research to reach a comprehensive point of view.
自2020年颁布限制以来,Puskesmas Cicalengka面临着许多医疗保健服务问题,导致未能实现医疗保健计划的目标。重要的是要确定导致医疗保健问题的因素,以制定未来几年的计划。可以使用由输入、流程、输出和环境组成的逻辑模型框架来完成标识。本研究旨在确定2020年2019冠状病毒病大流行期间在Puskesmas Cicalengka的医疗保健服务产出中发挥作用的投入因素。本研究采用个案研究设计进行定性研究。本研究是通过分析相关文献,观察和访谈工作人员来完成的。数据于2021年3月收集。结果显示,2020年4月,因新冠肺炎疫情,Puskesmas一度关闭。2020年5月,Puskesmas按照卫生部的新规定重新开放并开始提供医疗服务。在2020年2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,影响Puskesmas Cicalengka医疗保健服务的投入因素是人员、资金、材料、方法、时间和信息。机器是唯一不影响医疗保健服务的因素,因为它处于良好状态。进一步的研究必须通过定量研究来完成,以达到一个全面的观点。
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引用次数: 0
Physicians' Satisfaction with The Service Quality of A Clinical Laboratory in Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro 东方民都洛岛卡拉潘市某检验科医师服务质量满意度调查
Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.31098/CPMHS.V1I1.265
I. GregorioL.Martin, Bea Florence T. Cawaling, Danna M. Chumacera, Jethro Lorenzo G. De Guzman, Pamela Dorothy G. De Guzman, Fer Cedrick T. De Vera, Florence C. Navidad
Clinical laboratory service assessment is essential in improving the quality of care and guaranteeing that quality standards are achieved. Physicians are their primary clients as physicians rely extensively on laboratory findings to make reliable diagnoses. Thus, the study aimed to assess physicians' satisfaction at a clinical laboratory in Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines, based on the quality of service they provide, by identifying which factors greatly influence physicians' satisfaction and the physicians' concerns and recommendations. The laboratory accessibility, report format, information system, turnaround time, and service provision are the five factors evaluated in this study. A mixed-method approach was utilized wherein an online survey consisting of a 5-point Likert scale, and open-ended questions were deployed using Google forms and answered by 42 physicians. IBM SPSS Statistics 22 and the MAXQDA system were used to evaluate the responses. Overall, the physicians were satisfied with the clinical laboratory's services (X=3.9762). The laboratory report format has the most significant impact on physicians' overall satisfaction and is the factor with which physicians are most satisfied. Improvement of the turnaround time is advised. Future studies, including more laboratories and participants, are suggested.
临床实验室服务评估对于提高护理质量和保证达到质量标准至关重要。医生是他们的主要客户,因为医生广泛依赖实验室结果来做出可靠的诊断。因此,本研究旨在评估菲律宾东方民都洛岛Calapan市一家临床实验室的医生满意度,根据他们提供的服务质量,确定哪些因素对医生的满意度和医生的关注点和建议有很大影响。本研究以实验室可及性、报告格式、资讯系统、周转时间及服务提供为评量因素。采用混合方法进行在线调查,其中包括5分李克特量表和使用谷歌表格部署的开放式问题,并由42名医生回答。采用IBM SPSS Statistics 22和MAXQDA系统对应答进行评价。总体而言,医师对检验科的服务满意(X=3.9762)。实验室报告格式对医生整体满意度的影响最为显著,是医生最满意的因素。建议改善周转时间。建议未来的研究,包括更多的实验室和参与者。
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引用次数: 0
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