Pub Date : 2021-10-26DOI: 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.17.1
E. Adeyeye, Olatoye Rauf Abioye
An investigation into the vitamins composition levels in Clariasgariepinus fish was carried out and reported in dry extract/fresh; dry extract / smoked-dried on individual vitamins and the sum of the whole vitamins. Parts investigated were liver, muscle and head. Whereas fresh and smoked-dried data were laboratory results, the dry extract portions were calculated and reported as dry extract /fresh sample, dry extract / smoked-dried sample for liver, muscle and head. Results obtained ran thus and all values were in mg/100g vitamin where d = difference, CV% = coefficient of variation and % difference = % value that shows what made dry extract value greater than its reported comparison: dry extract/fresh, % d = 74.5 (all), CV% = 84.0 (all), in liver; dry extract/smoked, % d =24.5 (all), CV% = 19.7 (all), in liver; dry extract/fresh, % d = 74.3 (all), CV% = 83.6 (all), in muscle; ndry extract/smoked, % d = 10.2 (all), CV% =7.60 (all), in muscle;m dry extract/fresh, % d = 68.5 (all), CV% = 73.7 (all), in head; dry extract/smoked, % d = 9.10 (all), CV% = 6.74 (all), in head; dry extract/fresh, % d = 71.9- 74.5, CV% = 79.4 - 82.4 in total vitamin body load; dry extract/smoked, % d = 9. 69- 24.5, CV% = 7.20 - 19.7 in total vitamin body load; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 69.6 - 82.0 in liver; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 72.3 - 76.3 in muscle; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 62.9 - 75.2 in head; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 69.7- 79.0 in total vitamins body load.Among the dry extract values calculated from fresh samples and subjected to chi-square (χ2) values, significant values were observed in vitamins B6, C, A, B1, D, E and total at α=0.05. In the dry extract values from smoked samples, only three significant χ2 values in vitamins A, E and total were observed. In reflection to vitamin concentration levels, percentage higher levels in dry extracts (from fresh) had these trends: liver (74.5%) > muscle (74.3%) > head (68.5%) whereas from smoked, we had liver (24.5%) > muscle (10.2%) > head (9.10%). Also total vitamin body load from dry extract (fresh) was 71.9-74.5% difference and dry extract (smoked) was 9.69 -24.5% difference. It should be noted that liver occupied the higher part of the range in the two comparisons, like 74.5% (fresh) and 24.5% (smoked).
对克拉尾鱼干提取物/鲜提取物中维生素含量进行了调查并作了报道;干燥提取/烟熏干燥的个别维生素和整体维生素的总和。研究部位为肝脏、肌肉和头部。而新鲜和烟熏干燥的数据是实验室结果，干提取物部分计算和报告为干提取物/新鲜样品，干提取物/烟熏干燥样品的肝脏，肌肉和头部。得到的结果是这样的，所有的值都是mg/100g维生素，其中d =差异，CV% =变异系数，%差异= %值，表明是什么使干提取物值大于其报道的比较:干提取物/新鲜，% d = 74.5(全部)，CV% = 84.0(全部)，在肝脏中;干提取物/烟熏，% d =24.5(全部)，CV% = 19.7(全部);干提取物/鲜提取物，% d = 74.3(全部)，CV% = 83.6(全部);干提取物/烟熏提取物，% d = 10.2(全部)，CV% =7.60(全部)，肌肉;干提取物/新鲜提取物，% d = 68.5(全部)，CV% = 73.7(全部)，头部;干提取物/烟熏，% d = 9.10(全部)，CV% = 6.74(全部);干提取物/鲜提取物，维生素总负荷% d = 71.9 ~ 74.5, CV% = 79.4 ~ 82.4;干浸膏/烟熏，% d = 9。69 ~ 24.5, CV% = 7.20 ~ 19.7;干提取物(新鲜)-干提取物(烟熏)，%d = 69.6 - 82.0;干提取物(新鲜)-干提取物(烟熏)，肌肉中%d = 72.3 - 76.3;干提取物(新鲜)-干提取物(烟熏)，%d = 62.9 - 75.2头;干提取物(新鲜)-干提取物(烟熏)，%d = 69.7- 79.0的总维生素身体负荷。从新鲜样品计算的干提取物值中，经χ2检验，维生素B6、C、A、B1、D、E和total的含量均达到显著值(α=0.05)。在烟熏样品的干浸出物值中，维生素A、E和total只有3个显著的χ2值。从维生素浓度水平来看，干提取物(新鲜提取物)中维生素含量较高的百分比呈现如下趋势:肝脏(74.5%)>肌肉(74.3%)>头部(68.5%)，而烟熏提取物中维生素含量较高的百分比为肝脏(24.5%)>肌肉(10.2%)>头部(9.10%)。干提取物(新鲜)和干提取物(烟熏)的总维生素体负荷差异为71.9 ~ 74.5%，差异为9.69 ~ 24.5%。值得注意的是，肝脏在两组比较中所占比例较高，分别为74.5%(新鲜)和24.5%(烟熏)。
{"title":"Vitamins Composition in Clarias gariepinus Fish Body Parts (Liver, Muscle, Head): Reporting on Samples on Fresh, Smoked-Dried and Dry Extract Bases","authors":"E. Adeyeye, Olatoye Rauf Abioye","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.17.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.17.1","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation into the vitamins composition levels in Clariasgariepinus fish was carried out and reported in dry extract/fresh; dry extract / smoked-dried on individual vitamins and the sum of the whole vitamins. Parts investigated were liver, muscle and head. Whereas fresh and smoked-dried data were laboratory results, the dry extract portions were calculated and reported as dry extract /fresh sample, dry extract / smoked-dried sample for liver, muscle and head. Results obtained ran thus and all values were in mg/100g vitamin where d = difference, CV% = coefficient of variation and % difference = % value that shows what made dry extract value greater than its reported comparison: dry extract/fresh, % d = 74.5 (all), CV% = 84.0 (all), in liver; dry extract/smoked, % d =24.5 (all), CV% = 19.7 (all), in liver; dry extract/fresh, % d = 74.3 (all), CV% = 83.6 (all), in muscle; ndry extract/smoked, % d = 10.2 (all), CV% =7.60 (all), in muscle;m dry extract/fresh, % d = 68.5 (all), CV% = 73.7 (all), in head; dry extract/smoked, % d = 9.10 (all), CV% = 6.74 (all), in head; dry extract/fresh, % d = 71.9- 74.5, CV% = 79.4 - 82.4 in total vitamin body load; dry extract/smoked, % d = 9. 69- 24.5, CV% = 7.20 - 19.7 in total vitamin body load; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 69.6 - 82.0 in liver; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 72.3 - 76.3 in muscle; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 62.9 - 75.2 in head; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 69.7- 79.0 in total vitamins body load.Among the dry extract values calculated from fresh samples and subjected to chi-square (χ2) values, significant values were observed in vitamins B6, C, A, B1, D, E and total at α=0.05. In the dry extract values from smoked samples, only three significant χ2 values in vitamins A, E and total were observed. In reflection to vitamin concentration levels, percentage higher levels in dry extracts (from fresh) had these trends: liver (74.5%) > muscle (74.3%) > head (68.5%) whereas from smoked, we had liver (24.5%) > muscle (10.2%) > head (9.10%). Also total vitamin body load from dry extract (fresh) was 71.9-74.5% difference and dry extract (smoked) was 9.69 -24.5% difference. It should be noted that liver occupied the higher part of the range in the two comparisons, like 74.5% (fresh) and 24.5% (smoked).","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87988572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.16.21
Airin Aschrafi, L. Zupin, Lívia Maria Batista Vilela, Carlos Fabiano dos Santos Silva, R. R. Filho, Lucas Matos de Lima, Claudia S. A. Lima, V. Petix, A. Tossi, L. L. B. Amorim, A. Benko-Iseppon, S. Crovella
The north-eastern region of Brazil is home to communities of diverse ethnic origins that still depend significantly on folk medicine, with emphasis on plant extracts. The present work aims at investigating medicinal plants used in the traditional medicine of north-eastern Brazil with an assessment of the antimicrobial profile of their extracts. The antimicrobial activity of 12 extracts from 11 plant species from eight higher plant families traditionally used was evaluated against three human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae) using the Agar Disk Diffusion and Broth Microdilution assays. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated on human keratinocytes. A hydroalcoholic extract from Anadenanthera colubrina presented the most promising in vitro antimicrobial activity against S.aureus associated with low cytotoxicity towards human keratinocytes. The information gathered in the present study represents a starting point for further research aiming at providing scientific evidence to the empirical usage of medicinal plants in traditional practices.
{"title":"Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties of Extracts from Plants Traditionally Used in North-East Brazil","authors":"Airin Aschrafi, L. Zupin, Lívia Maria Batista Vilela, Carlos Fabiano dos Santos Silva, R. R. Filho, Lucas Matos de Lima, Claudia S. A. Lima, V. Petix, A. Tossi, L. L. B. Amorim, A. Benko-Iseppon, S. Crovella","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.16.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.16.21","url":null,"abstract":"The north-eastern region of Brazil is home to communities of diverse ethnic origins that still depend significantly on folk medicine, with emphasis on plant extracts. The present work aims at investigating medicinal plants used in the traditional medicine of north-eastern Brazil with an assessment of the antimicrobial profile of their extracts. The antimicrobial activity of 12 extracts from 11 plant species from eight higher plant families traditionally used was evaluated against three human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae) using the Agar Disk Diffusion and Broth Microdilution assays. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated on human keratinocytes. A hydroalcoholic extract from Anadenanthera colubrina presented the most promising in vitro antimicrobial activity against S.aureus associated with low cytotoxicity towards human keratinocytes. The information gathered in the present study represents a starting point for further research aiming at providing scientific evidence to the empirical usage of medicinal plants in traditional practices.","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"256 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76355271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.14.16
E. Idm’hand, F. Msanda, K. Cherifi
The use of plants to treat chronic diseases is part of an ancient Moroccan tradition. This study will present the first relevant documentation on medicinal plants used in the treatment of hypertension in Tarfaya province. This study aimed to collect and document information on medicinal plants traditionally used by the local population of Tarfaya province for the treatment of hypertension. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted using 150 questionnaires in the study area. Documented data were evaluated using the quantitative ethno-botanical indices of frequency citation (FC) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC). The results obtained allowed to inventory 52 species of medicinal plants belonging to 29 families traditionally used against hypertension. The species were rich in diverse chemical constituents. The most cited families are Lamiaceae (9 species), Apiaceae (5 species), Compositae (3 species), Leguminosae (3 species) and Myrtaceae (3 species). Ten plants are reported for the first time as used in the treatment of hypertension. The most cited plant species are Allium sativum (RFC = 0.28), Allium cepa (RFC = 0.2), Olea europaea (RFC = 0.18), Searsia tripartita (RFC = 0.16), Ammodaucus leucotrichus (RFC = 0.15) and Myrtus communis (RFC = 0.15). Leaves were the most used organs. The decoction was the dominant method of preparation. This study showed that the inhabitants of Tarfaya use a wide variety of plants for the treatment of hypertension. This work is a source of information that can serve as a basis for phytochemists and pharmacologists interested in research on plants with antihypertensive effect.
{"title":"Ethnopharmacological Documentation of Medicinal Plants Used in the Traditional Treatment of Hypertension in Tarfaya Province, Morocco","authors":"E. Idm’hand, F. Msanda, K. Cherifi","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.14.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.14.16","url":null,"abstract":"The use of plants to treat chronic diseases is part of an ancient Moroccan tradition. This study will present the first relevant documentation on medicinal plants used in the treatment of hypertension in Tarfaya province. This study aimed to collect and document information on medicinal plants traditionally used by the local population of Tarfaya province for the treatment of hypertension. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted using 150 questionnaires in the study area. Documented data were evaluated using the quantitative ethno-botanical indices of frequency citation (FC) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC). The results obtained allowed to inventory 52 species of medicinal plants belonging to 29 families traditionally used against hypertension. The species were rich in diverse chemical constituents. The most cited families are Lamiaceae (9 species), Apiaceae (5 species), Compositae (3 species), Leguminosae (3 species) and Myrtaceae (3 species). Ten plants are reported for the first time as used in the treatment of hypertension. The most cited plant species are Allium sativum (RFC = 0.28), Allium cepa (RFC = 0.2), Olea europaea (RFC = 0.18), Searsia tripartita (RFC = 0.16), Ammodaucus leucotrichus (RFC = 0.15) and Myrtus communis (RFC = 0.15). Leaves were the most used organs. The decoction was the dominant method of preparation. This study showed that the inhabitants of Tarfaya use a wide variety of plants for the treatment of hypertension. This work is a source of information that can serve as a basis for phytochemists and pharmacologists interested in research on plants with antihypertensive effect.","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76927356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.14.1
P. Ashok, P. Rishishwar, K. Upadhyaya
To investigate the free radical scavenging & hepatoprotective activity of phenolic rich fraction of Artemisia pallens on RIF+INH induced oxidative stress in Sprague dawley rats. Free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective activity was evaluated by using DPPH, Nitric oxide, Superoxide radical and Hydroxyl radical assay models and induced RIF+INH intoxicated rats. The total phenolic content was found to be 312.60 μg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/gm of dry extract. The total flavonoid content was found to be 322.20 μg rutin equivalents (RUE)/gm of dry extract. In the current study, free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity were found to be (42.25 ± 0.95) and (09.16 ± 1.62) μg/ml, (101.62 ± 1.64) and (32.41 ± 1.24) μg/ml, (72.62 ± 1.86) and (10.28 ± 1.96) μg/ml, (33.82 ± 1.12) and (12.82 ± 1.86) μg/ml, respectively. There was also a dose dependent increase in reductive ability of Artemisia pallens extract with increase in concentration and were further investigated in invivo hepatoprotective activity experiment against toxicity induced by RIF+INH. The free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective activity may be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds and histology of the liver section of the animals treated with the extracts showed the presence of normal hepatic cords, absence of necrosis and fatty infiltration, which further evidenced the hepatoprotective activity of Artemisia pallens.
{"title":"Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Aerial Parts of Artemisia pallens in Mediating Hepatoprotective Activity of RIF+INH Intoxicated Rats","authors":"P. Ashok, P. Rishishwar, K. Upadhyaya","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.14.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.14.1","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the free radical scavenging & hepatoprotective activity of phenolic rich fraction of Artemisia pallens on RIF+INH induced oxidative stress in Sprague dawley rats. Free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective activity was evaluated by using DPPH, Nitric oxide, Superoxide radical and Hydroxyl radical assay models and induced RIF+INH intoxicated rats. The total phenolic content was found to be 312.60 μg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/gm of dry extract. The total flavonoid content was found to be 322.20 μg rutin equivalents (RUE)/gm of dry extract. In the current study, free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity were found to be (42.25 ± 0.95) and (09.16 ± 1.62) μg/ml, (101.62 ± 1.64) and (32.41 ± 1.24) μg/ml, (72.62 ± 1.86) and (10.28 ± 1.96) μg/ml, (33.82 ± 1.12) and (12.82 ± 1.86) μg/ml, respectively. There was also a dose dependent increase in reductive ability of Artemisia pallens extract with increase in concentration and were further investigated in invivo hepatoprotective activity experiment against toxicity induced by RIF+INH. The free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective activity may be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds and histology of the liver section of the animals treated with the extracts showed the presence of normal hepatic cords, absence of necrosis and fatty infiltration, which further evidenced the hepatoprotective activity of Artemisia pallens.","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83216096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-13DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.45
J. R. Campilan, Marigold C. Tumamac, E. Dorado
Tbolis in Lemsnolon, Tboli, South Cotabato are one of the ethnic groups in the Philippines serving as repository of novel knowledge on ethnomedicine. On July 2014, a research was conducted among Tboli tribe in Lemsnolon to document the local knowledge on ethnomedicinal plants before environmental and cultural changes deplete the resources. Selected important ethnomedicinal plants were quantified through Relative Frequency Citation and Use Value. Selected important medicinal plants were screened for phytochemical constituents, and their antibacterial property was determined through paper disc diffusion method. A total of 28 medicinal plants belonging to 21 families were recorded, most are used for symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings (13spp.) and certain infectious and parasitic diseases (5spp.). The most abundant medicinal plant families were Asteraceae (5spp.) and Euphorbiaceae (3spp.), the most dominant life forms of the species includes herbs (17spp.) followed by shrubs (4spp.), the most frequent used part were leaves (42%) followed by stems (11%), the most common preparation method was decoction (47%), the most common route of administration is through oral (66%). Artemisia vulgaris, Bryophyllum pinnatum, Elephantopus sp., Emilia sonchifolia, Ficus pseudopalma, Hyptis capitata, and Leucaena glauca have the highest RFC (0.29), E. sonchifolia has the highest Use Value (0.71).Selected important ethnomedicinal plants, Artemisia vulgaris, Costus malorticanus, Elephantopus sp., Emilia sonchifolia and H. capitata, were found to be rich in alkaloids while free fatty acids, flavonoids, tannins and anthraquinones were present in most of these selected plants. However, ethanolic extracts of the selected important medicinal plants showed inactive zone of inhibition against S. aureus and E. coli. Results showed that plants used for healing among Tboli community in Lemsnolon are found to be possible sources of potential drugs and are subject for further phytochemical and pharmacological investigations.
{"title":"Quantitative Ethnobotanical Study, Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Assay of Ethnomedicinal Plants of T’boli In Lemsnolon, Tboli, South Cotabato","authors":"J. R. Campilan, Marigold C. Tumamac, E. Dorado","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.45","url":null,"abstract":"Tbolis in Lemsnolon, Tboli, South Cotabato are one of the ethnic groups in the Philippines serving as repository of novel knowledge on ethnomedicine. On July 2014, a research was conducted among Tboli tribe in Lemsnolon to document the local knowledge on ethnomedicinal plants before environmental and cultural changes deplete the resources. Selected important ethnomedicinal plants were quantified through Relative Frequency Citation and Use Value. Selected important medicinal plants were screened for phytochemical constituents, and their antibacterial property was determined through paper disc diffusion method. A total of 28 medicinal plants belonging to 21 families were recorded, most are used for symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings (13spp.) and certain infectious and parasitic diseases (5spp.). The most abundant medicinal plant families were Asteraceae (5spp.) and Euphorbiaceae (3spp.), the most dominant life forms of the species includes herbs (17spp.) followed by shrubs (4spp.), the most frequent used part were leaves (42%) followed by stems (11%), the most common preparation method was decoction (47%), the most common route of administration is through oral (66%). Artemisia vulgaris, Bryophyllum pinnatum, Elephantopus sp., Emilia sonchifolia, Ficus pseudopalma, Hyptis capitata, and Leucaena glauca have the highest RFC (0.29), E. sonchifolia has the highest Use Value (0.71).Selected important ethnomedicinal plants, Artemisia vulgaris, Costus malorticanus, Elephantopus sp., Emilia sonchifolia and H. capitata, were found to be rich in alkaloids while free fatty acids, flavonoids, tannins and anthraquinones were present in most of these selected plants. However, ethanolic extracts of the selected important medicinal plants showed inactive zone of inhibition against S. aureus and E. coli. Results showed that plants used for healing among Tboli community in Lemsnolon are found to be possible sources of potential drugs and are subject for further phytochemical and pharmacological investigations.","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90755726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.62
M. Foroughi, E. Tabatabai, S. Saeidian
The purpose of this search is the response of male athlete and non-athlete coagulation factor , fibrinolysis and time of recovery after one session of exhaustive anaerobic activity A quasi-experimental study was performed on 24 male students (athletes, non athletes)', from `18 to 24. Exercise protocol was RAST test, in which every tester covered 6 times the distance of 35 meters with all his power and there was 10 seconds for resting. Three stages of blood sampling were performed ) befor,immediately and one hour after the test).Data was analyzed by using Kolomogrof Smirnov test, Levin test, the statistical analysis method of compound variance and Kruskal-Wallis (p<0/05). The result of this study shows that a session of anaerobic activity has significant impact on hematocrit ،platelete and noncoagulation)D-Dimer ( athlete group, hematocrit and time of non-athelete PTT and also platelets, D-Dimer and time of recovery between two groups. But no significant difference for athlete group PTT, platelets and D-Dimer group of non-athletes,PT and fibrinogen in both groups (athlete and non-athlete) and also PT, PTT, hematocrit and fibrinogen were observed. This search offers that a session of anaerobic activity on blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and recovery time was effective. So the responses of athlete and non-athlete people can be differentof in some factors .
{"title":"The Acute Response of Blood Coagulation, Fibrinolysis and Recovery Time after an Exhaustive Anaerobic Activity in Male Athlete and Non-Athlete Students","authors":"M. Foroughi, E. Tabatabai, S. Saeidian","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.62","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this search is the response of male athlete and non-athlete coagulation factor , fibrinolysis and time of recovery after one session of exhaustive anaerobic activity A quasi-experimental study was performed on 24 male students (athletes, non athletes)', from `18 to 24. Exercise protocol was RAST test, in which every tester covered 6 times the distance of 35 meters with all his power and there was 10 seconds for resting. Three stages of blood sampling were performed ) befor,immediately and one hour after the test).Data was analyzed by using Kolomogrof Smirnov test, Levin test, the statistical analysis method of compound variance and Kruskal-Wallis (p<0/05). The result of this study shows that a session of anaerobic activity has significant impact on hematocrit ،platelete and noncoagulation)D-Dimer ( athlete group, hematocrit and time of non-athelete PTT and also platelets, D-Dimer and time of recovery between two groups. But no significant difference for athlete group PTT, platelets and D-Dimer group of non-athletes,PT and fibrinogen in both groups (athlete and non-athlete) and also PT, PTT, hematocrit and fibrinogen were observed. This search offers that a session of anaerobic activity on blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and recovery time was effective. So the responses of athlete and non-athlete people can be differentof in some factors .","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90756985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.35
I. H. Ifijen, A. U. Mamza, K. Fasina, J. Omoruyi, E. Ikhuoria
Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (Combretaceae) is acclaimed as a common herbal antipyretic and anti-malarial among some tribal groups in northern Nigeria. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antiplasmodial activity and the acute toxicity of G. senegalensis on mammalian cells. Aqueous ethanolic leaf extracts (AELE) of the plant were tested for the presence of phytochemicals including alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside, glycosides, phenolic acids, saponins and tannins using standard techniques. The AELE was then screened for acute toxicity on Wister albino mice (WAM) weighing between 30-35g and its antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei (the causative agent of malaria in some mammals). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrate, phenols, flavonoids, abundant tannins, alkaloid, saponins with the absence of cardiac glycosides in the AELE. Also, it was observed that G. senegalensis extracts had no toxic effect on the WAM across administered doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. From the prophylactic study, it was found that the AELE dosage of 200 mg/kg was most effective in the inhibition of P. berghei when compared with the control than other dosages tested (100 and 200 mg/kg). The extract also exhibited a better anti-plasmodial property (80% inhibition) in the curative study compared to the standard drug (Chloroquine diphosphate) (52%), inhibiting at the graded doses of AELE. It can, therefore, be concluded from this study that G. senegalensis extract possesses essential phytochemicals, resulting in antiplasmodial effect against Plasmodium berghei.
{"title":"Phytochemical Analysis of Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel Extract and its Anti-Plasmodial Properties on Wister Albino Mice via Oral Route","authors":"I. H. Ifijen, A. U. Mamza, K. Fasina, J. Omoruyi, E. Ikhuoria","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.35","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (Combretaceae) is acclaimed as a common herbal antipyretic and anti-malarial among some tribal groups in northern Nigeria. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antiplasmodial activity and the acute toxicity of G. senegalensis on mammalian cells. Aqueous ethanolic leaf extracts (AELE) of the plant were tested for the presence of phytochemicals including alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside, glycosides, phenolic acids, saponins and tannins using standard techniques. The AELE was then screened for acute toxicity on Wister albino mice (WAM) weighing between 30-35g and its antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei (the causative agent of malaria in some mammals). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrate, phenols, flavonoids, abundant tannins, alkaloid, saponins with the absence of cardiac glycosides in the AELE. Also, it was observed that G. senegalensis extracts had no toxic effect on the WAM across administered doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. From the prophylactic study, it was found that the AELE dosage of 200 mg/kg was most effective in the inhibition of P. berghei when compared with the control than other dosages tested (100 and 200 mg/kg). The extract also exhibited a better anti-plasmodial property (80% inhibition) in the curative study compared to the standard drug (Chloroquine diphosphate) (52%), inhibiting at the graded doses of AELE. It can, therefore, be concluded from this study that G. senegalensis extract possesses essential phytochemicals, resulting in antiplasmodial effect against Plasmodium berghei. ","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75411138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.1
M. M. Ahmed, R. Soliman, J. Eljakee, A. El-Sanousi, H. Amer, I. El-Sabagh, Rashika El-Redii, Hateem Talima, Waleed Nazmy
Hybridomas that secreted antibodies against aflatoxin B1 for multiple uses were prepared using a unique immunization schedule. Aflatoxin B1-BSA conjugate was used for immunization of Balb/c mice. Spleen cells were harvested from the hyper immunized mice to be fused with myeloma cell line (P3NS1) using polyethylene glycol 3000, 50% concentration as a fusogenic agent. The produced hybridomas were selected using HAT selective medium that was replaced by complete HT medium. From the 10thday after fusion, wells that contain colonies of hybridomas covering 30% or greater of the wells surface were screened for production of monoclonal antibodies against aflatoxin B1 using ELISA. 21 hybridomas were found to be reactive to aflatoxin B1. All were found to belong to IgG2aisotype except one was found to belong to IgM isotype. The prepared monoclonal antibodies and their application to immunoassays represents a useful and rapid quantitative measurement with high affinity and low detection limits in order to purify environmentally occurring levels of this carcinogen specially in areas at high risk for liver cancer.
{"title":"Preparation of Hybridomas Producing Monoclonal Antibodies against Aflatoxin B1 as a Tool to Control Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"M. M. Ahmed, R. Soliman, J. Eljakee, A. El-Sanousi, H. Amer, I. El-Sabagh, Rashika El-Redii, Hateem Talima, Waleed Nazmy","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.1","url":null,"abstract":"Hybridomas that secreted antibodies against aflatoxin B1 for multiple uses were prepared using a unique immunization schedule. Aflatoxin B1-BSA conjugate was used for immunization of Balb/c mice. Spleen cells were harvested from the hyper immunized mice to be fused with myeloma cell line (P3NS1) using polyethylene glycol 3000, 50% concentration as a fusogenic agent. The produced hybridomas were selected using HAT selective medium that was replaced by complete HT medium. From the 10thday after fusion, wells that contain colonies of hybridomas covering 30% or greater of the wells surface were screened for production of monoclonal antibodies against aflatoxin B1 using ELISA. 21 hybridomas were found to be reactive to aflatoxin B1. All were found to belong to IgG2aisotype except one was found to belong to IgM isotype. The prepared monoclonal antibodies and their application to immunoassays represents a useful and rapid quantitative measurement with high affinity and low detection limits in order to purify environmentally occurring levels of this carcinogen specially in areas at high risk for liver cancer.","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78163302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.13
M. Govindappa, V. Thanuja, S. Tejashree, C. A. Soukhya, S. Barge, A. Manojkumar, Rai V. Ravishankar
The present work was aimed to identify phytochemicals in C. uredinicola methanol extract from qualitative, TLC and GC-MS method and evaluated for antioxidant, anti-HIV, anti-diabetes, anti-cholinesterase activity in vitro and in silico. The C. uredinicola extract showed flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, terpenoids, and coumarins presence in qualitative method. From GC-MS analysis, identified seven different phytochemicals and out of seven, four (coumarin, coumarilic acid, hymecromone, alloisoimperatorin) are coumarins. The C. uredinicola extract have shown significant antioxidant activity in DPPH (73) and FRAP (1359) method. The HIV-1 RT (83.81+2.14), gp 120 (80.24+2.31), integrase (79.43+3.14) and protease (77.63+2.14), DPPIV, β-glucosidase and acetyl cholinesterase activity was significantly reduced by the extract. The 2-diphenylmethyleneamino methyl ester had shown significant interaction with oxidant and HIV-1 proteins whereas alloisoimperatorin have interacted with diabetes and cholinesterase proteins followed by hymecromone with high binding energy. These three phytochemicals are non-carcinogens, non-toxic, readily degradable and have drug likeliness properties. The C. uredinicola phytochemicals are responsible for management of diabetes, HIV-1 and Alzheimer. Further in vivo work is needed to justify our research.
{"title":"In Vitro and In Silico Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic, Anti-HIV and Anti-Alzheimer Activity of Endophytic Fungi, Cladosporium uredinicola Phytochemicals","authors":"M. Govindappa, V. Thanuja, S. Tejashree, C. A. Soukhya, S. Barge, A. Manojkumar, Rai V. Ravishankar","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.13.13","url":null,"abstract":"The present work was aimed to identify phytochemicals in C. uredinicola methanol extract from qualitative, TLC and GC-MS method and evaluated for antioxidant, anti-HIV, anti-diabetes, anti-cholinesterase activity in vitro and in silico. The C. uredinicola extract showed flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, terpenoids, and coumarins presence in qualitative method. From GC-MS analysis, identified seven different phytochemicals and out of seven, four (coumarin, coumarilic acid, hymecromone, alloisoimperatorin) are coumarins. The C. uredinicola extract have shown significant antioxidant activity in DPPH (73) and FRAP (1359) method. The HIV-1 RT (83.81+2.14), gp 120 (80.24+2.31), integrase (79.43+3.14) and protease (77.63+2.14), DPPIV, β-glucosidase and acetyl cholinesterase activity was significantly reduced by the extract. The 2-diphenylmethyleneamino methyl ester had shown significant interaction with oxidant and HIV-1 proteins whereas alloisoimperatorin have interacted with diabetes and cholinesterase proteins followed by hymecromone with high binding energy. These three phytochemicals are non-carcinogens, non-toxic, readily degradable and have drug likeliness properties. The C. uredinicola phytochemicals are responsible for management of diabetes, HIV-1 and Alzheimer. Further in vivo work is needed to justify our research.","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87946433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.12.35
Giti Sabet Teymouri, M. Teimouri
One of the famous plants in family Lamiaceae isMelissa officinaliswhich is one of the important herbs for health and Medicine. Melisa contains Rosmarinic acid, flavonoids and phenolic. These components have tightening and rejuvenation effect on skin. Also, it has monoterpenes and di-terpenes which are antibacterial. Essential oil of Melisa forms a good complex with sebum, so it can decrease inflammation and acne pain 30 gr of dry leaves and stems of Melisa in 500 ml of distilled water were used for hydro-distillation. For hydro alcoholic extract, we used 150 gr of dry matter (leaves and stems) in 500 ml of ethyl alcohol at 25 °C for 10 days. Then, the alcoholic extract was diluted 5 times with water 20 persons were under experiment for 3 months. Extracts were sprayed on skin 3-5 times a day. The results showed that all the people treated got the best result of this treatment. After the application of the water extract of Melissa, we observed 75% of clients improved the skin pore, 65% of clients improved neurological problems and Acne infections and 92% recovery of hyper secretion of Sebaceous glands. We observed the same results with Hydro Alcoholic extracts. 75% recovery of clients with improved skin pore, 95% of clients with improved neurological problems and Acne infections and 90% recovery of hyper secretion of Sebaceous glands. The results showed that Melisa extract has value of applying on some skin problems.
{"title":"The Comparative Effect of Hydro Alcoholic and Hydro Distillation Extracts of Melissa officinalis on Acne and Pimple","authors":"Giti Sabet Teymouri, M. Teimouri","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.12.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/IJPPE.12.35","url":null,"abstract":"One of the famous plants in family Lamiaceae isMelissa officinaliswhich is one of the important herbs for health and Medicine. Melisa contains Rosmarinic acid, flavonoids and phenolic. These components have tightening and rejuvenation effect on skin. Also, it has monoterpenes and di-terpenes which are antibacterial. Essential oil of Melisa forms a good complex with sebum, so it can decrease inflammation and acne pain 30 gr of dry leaves and stems of Melisa in 500 ml of distilled water were used for hydro-distillation. For hydro alcoholic extract, we used 150 gr of dry matter (leaves and stems) in 500 ml of ethyl alcohol at 25 °C for 10 days. Then, the alcoholic extract was diluted 5 times with water 20 persons were under experiment for 3 months. Extracts were sprayed on skin 3-5 times a day. The results showed that all the people treated got the best result of this treatment. After the application of the water extract of Melissa, we observed 75% of clients improved the skin pore, 65% of clients improved neurological problems and Acne infections and 92% recovery of hyper secretion of Sebaceous glands. We observed the same results with Hydro Alcoholic extracts. 75% recovery of clients with improved skin pore, 95% of clients with improved neurological problems and Acne infections and 90% recovery of hyper secretion of Sebaceous glands. The results showed that Melisa extract has value of applying on some skin problems.","PeriodicalId":14237,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine","volume":"225 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89183892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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