Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5816
Mohmmed Salh AbduAlkareem Mahdi, Saad Kadem Hamza
The wavelet shrink estimator is an attractive technique when estimating the nonparametric regression functions, but it is very sensitive in the case of a correlation in errors. In this research, a polynomial model of low degree was used for the purpose of addressing the boundary problem in the wavelet reduction in addition to using flexible threshold values in the case of Correlation in errors as it deals with those transactions at each level separately, unlike the comprehensive threshold values that deal with all levels simultaneously, as (Visushrink) methods, (False Discovery Rate) method, (Improvement Thresholding) and (Sureshrink method), as the study was conducted on real monthly data represented in the rates of theft crimes for juveniles in Iraq, specifically the Baghdad governorate, and the risk ratios about those crimes for the years 2008-2018, with a sample size of (128) (Sureshrink) The study also showed an increase in the rate of theft crimes for juveniles in recent years.
{"title":"Using the wavelet analysis to estimate the nonparametric regression model in the presence of associated errors","authors":"Mohmmed Salh AbduAlkareem Mahdi, Saad Kadem Hamza","doi":"10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5816","url":null,"abstract":"The wavelet shrink estimator is an attractive technique when estimating the nonparametric regression functions, but it is very sensitive in the case of a correlation in errors. In this research, a polynomial model of low degree was used for the purpose of addressing the boundary problem in the wavelet reduction in addition to using flexible threshold values in the case of Correlation in errors as it deals with those transactions at each level separately, unlike the comprehensive threshold values that deal with all levels simultaneously, as (Visushrink) methods, (False Discovery Rate) method, (Improvement Thresholding) and (Sureshrink method), as the study was conducted on real monthly data represented in the rates of theft crimes for juveniles in Iraq, specifically the Baghdad governorate, and the risk ratios about those crimes for the years 2008-2018, with a sample size of (128) (Sureshrink) The study also showed an increase in the rate of theft crimes for juveniles in recent years.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"1855-1862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2020.21543.2270
Mesaud Tesfaye Yimer, Kidane Koyas, S. Gebregiorgis
The aim of this paper is to establish coupled coincidence and coupled common fixed point theorems involving a pair of weakly compatible mappings satisfying rational type contractive condition in the setting of dislocated quasi b-metric spaces. The presented result improves and generalizes several well-known comparable results in the existing literature. We also provided an example in support of our main result.
{"title":"Some coupled coincidence and coupled common fixed point result in dislocated quasi b-metric spaces for rational type contraction mappings","authors":"Mesaud Tesfaye Yimer, Kidane Koyas, S. Gebregiorgis","doi":"10.22075/IJNAA.2020.21543.2270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/IJNAA.2020.21543.2270","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to establish coupled coincidence and coupled common fixed point theorems involving a pair of weakly compatible mappings satisfying rational type contractive condition in the setting of dislocated quasi b-metric spaces. The presented result improves and generalizes several well-known comparable results in the existing literature. We also provided an example in support of our main result.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"52 1","pages":"573-582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68115805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/ijnaa.2022.5745
Aakk Ashoor A. S. Naji
A time series has been adopted for the numbers of people infected with the Covid-19 pandemic in Iraq for a whole year, starting from the first infection recorded on February 18, 2020 until the end of February 2021, which was collected in the form of weekly observations and at a size of 53 observations. The study found the quality and suitability of the autoregressive moving average model from order (1,3) among a group of autoregressive moving average models. This model was built according to the diagnostic criteria. These criteria are the Akaike information criterion, Bayesian Information Criterion, and Hannan & Quinn Criterion models. The study concluded that this model from order (1,3) is good and appropriate, and its predictions can be adopted in making decisions.
{"title":"A statistical approach and analysis computing based on autoregressive integrated moving averages models to predict COVID-19 outbreak in Iraq","authors":"Aakk Ashoor A. S. Naji","doi":"10.22075/ijnaa.2022.5745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/ijnaa.2022.5745","url":null,"abstract":"A time series has been adopted for the numbers of people infected with the Covid-19 pandemic in Iraq for a whole year, starting from the first infection recorded on February 18, 2020 until the end of February 2021, which was collected in the form of weekly observations and at a size of 53 observations. The study found the quality and suitability of the autoregressive moving average model from order (1,3) among a group of autoregressive moving average models. This model was built according to the diagnostic criteria. These criteria are the Akaike information criterion, Bayesian Information Criterion, and Hannan & Quinn Criterion models. The study concluded that this model from order (1,3) is good and appropriate, and its predictions can be adopted in making decisions.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5617
Dahlan Abdullah, S. Susilo, R. Romdanih, S. Sujinah
Critical thinking is a skill needed in the 4.0 era of education so to improve critical thinking requires the right method so that learning can develop students' critical thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of guided discovery learning models on students' critical thinking skills on the material of the immune system. This type of research is quasi-experimental and post-test only control group design. Samples were taken by cluster random sampling technique. A total of 69 students were made respondents divided into 2 classes, namely class XI IPA 2 (n = 35) and XI IPA 3 (n = 34). The research instrument in the form of multiple choice questions of critical thinking skills was used as a data collection tool. Data were analyzed using normality test, homogeneity test, and t test The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences between the experimental class and the control class with tcount (2,031)$mathrm{>}$ ttable (1,668). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of guided discovery learning models has an effect on students' critical thinking skills with the use of syntax involving students to actively think at a high level to hone their critical thinking skills.
{"title":"Effects of guided discovery learning models on students' critical thinking ability on the materials of immune system","authors":"Dahlan Abdullah, S. Susilo, R. Romdanih, S. Sujinah","doi":"10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5617","url":null,"abstract":"Critical thinking is a skill needed in the 4.0 era of education so to improve critical thinking requires the right method so that learning can develop students' critical thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of guided discovery learning models on students' critical thinking skills on the material of the immune system. This type of research is quasi-experimental and post-test only control group design. Samples were taken by cluster random sampling technique. A total of 69 students were made respondents divided into 2 classes, namely class XI IPA 2 (n = 35) and XI IPA 3 (n = 34). The research instrument in the form of multiple choice questions of critical thinking skills was used as a data collection tool. Data were analyzed using normality test, homogeneity test, and t test The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences between the experimental class and the control class with tcount (2,031)$mathrm{>}$ ttable (1,668). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of guided discovery learning models has an effect on students' critical thinking skills with the use of syntax involving students to actively think at a high level to hone their critical thinking skills.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"983-989"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5650
Mohammed Yousif Turki, Shaymaa Y. Alku, M. Mechee
In this work, a general implicit block method (GIBM) with two points for solving general fifth-order initial value problems (IVPs) has been derived. GIBM is proposed by adopting the basis functions of Hermite interpolating polynomials. GIBM is presented to be suitable with the numerical solutions of fifth-order IVPs. Hence, the derivation of GIBM has been introduced. Numerical implementations compared with the existing numerical GRKM method are used to prove the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed GIBM method. The impressive numerical results of the test problems using the proposed GIBM method agree well with the approximated solutions of them using the existing GRKM method.
{"title":"The general implicit-block method with two-points and extra derivatives for solving fifth-order ordinary differential equations","authors":"Mohammed Yousif Turki, Shaymaa Y. Alku, M. Mechee","doi":"10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5650","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a general implicit block method (GIBM) with two points for solving general fifth-order initial value problems (IVPs) has been derived. GIBM is proposed by adopting the basis functions of Hermite interpolating polynomials. GIBM is presented to be suitable with the numerical solutions of fifth-order IVPs. Hence, the derivation of GIBM has been introduced. Numerical implementations compared with the existing numerical GRKM method are used to prove the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed GIBM method. The impressive numerical results of the test problems using the proposed GIBM method agree well with the approximated solutions of them using the existing GRKM method.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"1081-1097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5756
M. Mahmoud, Amal A. Mohammed, Sudad K. Abraheem
This paper is considered with Kumaraswamy distribution. Numerical, non-Bayes and Bayes methods of estimation were used to estimate the unknown shape parameter. The maximum likelihood is obtained as a non-Bayes estimator. As well as, Bayes estimators under a symmetric loss function (De-groot and NLINEX) by using four types of informative priors three double priors and one single prior. In addition, numerical estimators are obtained by using Newton's method and the false position method. Simulation research is conducted for the comparison of the effectiveness of the proposed estimators. Matlab 2015 will be used to obtain the numerical results.
{"title":"A comparative study on numerical, non-Bayes and Bayes estimation for the shape parameter of Kumaraswamy distribution","authors":"M. Mahmoud, Amal A. Mohammed, Sudad K. Abraheem","doi":"10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5756","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is considered with Kumaraswamy distribution. Numerical, non-Bayes and Bayes methods of estimation were used to estimate the unknown shape parameter. The maximum likelihood is obtained as a non-Bayes estimator. As well as, Bayes estimators under a symmetric loss function (De-groot and NLINEX) by using four types of informative priors three double priors and one single prior. In addition, numerical estimators are obtained by using Newton's method and the false position method. Simulation research is conducted for the comparison of the effectiveness of the proposed estimators. Matlab 2015 will be used to obtain the numerical results.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"1417-1434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68126766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5779
N. Nurrahmadayeni, S. Efendi, M. Zarlis
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious retinal disease and is considered the leading cause of blindness and is strongly associated with people with diabetes. Ophthalmologists use optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinal fundus imagery to assess the retinal thickness, structure, and also detecting edema, bleeding, and scarring. Deep learning models are used to analyze OCT or fundus images, extract unique features for each stage of DR, then identify images and determine the stage of the disease. Our research using retinal fundus imagery is used to identify diabetic retinopathy disease, among others, using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method. The methodology stage in the study was a green channel, Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE), morphological close, and background exclusion. Next, a segmentation process is carried out that aims to generate binary imagery using thresholding techniques. Then the binary image is used as training data conducted epoch as much as 30 times to obtain an optimal training model. After testing, the deep learning method with the CNN algorithm obtained 95.355% accuracy in the identification of diabetic retinopathy disease based on fundus image in the retina.
{"title":"Analysis of deep learning methods in diabetic retinopathy disease identification based on retinal fundus image","authors":"N. Nurrahmadayeni, S. Efendi, M. Zarlis","doi":"10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5779","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious retinal disease and is considered the leading cause of blindness and is strongly associated with people with diabetes. Ophthalmologists use optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinal fundus imagery to assess the retinal thickness, structure, and also detecting edema, bleeding, and scarring. Deep learning models are used to analyze OCT or fundus images, extract unique features for each stage of DR, then identify images and determine the stage of the disease. Our research using retinal fundus imagery is used to identify diabetic retinopathy disease, among others, using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method. The methodology stage in the study was a green channel, Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE), morphological close, and background exclusion. Next, a segmentation process is carried out that aims to generate binary imagery using thresholding techniques. Then the binary image is used as training data conducted epoch as much as 30 times to obtain an optimal training model. After testing, the deep learning method with the CNN algorithm obtained 95.355% accuracy in the identification of diabetic retinopathy disease based on fundus image in the retina.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"1639-1647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/ijnaa.2022.6026
M. A. Khaleel, A. Abdulwahab, A. M. Gaftan, M. K. Abdal-Hammed
In this paper, we introduce a new 2-parameters family of distributions named [0,1] Truncated Inverse Weibull - G family ([0,1] TIW-G) family, to generate new types of continues distributions. A special model namely, [0,1] Truncated Inverse Weibull Rayleigh distribution ([0,1] TIWR) distribution is considered and defined and some of the statistical properties are derived. Parameter's estimations using MLE method is provided and a simulation is given to determine the accuracy of the method used above. To demonstrate the utility of the distribution in nowday's applications, we explore and investigate the death rates of COVID-19 in Iraq in the period from 14 December 2020 to 30 April 2021.
{"title":"A new 0, 1 truncated inverse Weibull rayleigh distribution properties with application to COVID-19","authors":"M. A. Khaleel, A. Abdulwahab, A. M. Gaftan, M. K. Abdal-Hammed","doi":"10.22075/ijnaa.2022.6026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/ijnaa.2022.6026","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we introduce a new 2-parameters family of distributions named [0,1] Truncated Inverse Weibull - G family ([0,1] TIW-G) family, to generate new types of continues distributions. A special model namely, [0,1] Truncated Inverse Weibull Rayleigh distribution ([0,1] TIWR) distribution is considered and defined and some of the statistical properties are derived. Parameter's estimations using MLE method is provided and a simulation is given to determine the accuracy of the method used above. To demonstrate the utility of the distribution in nowday's applications, we explore and investigate the death rates of COVID-19 in Iraq in the period from 14 December 2020 to 30 April 2021.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68127866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23299.2515
H. Mehravaran, Hojjatollah Amiri Kayvanloo, R. Allahyari
The purpose of this article, is to establish the existence of solution of infinite systems of fractional differential equations in space of tempered sequence $m^beta(phi)$ by using techniques associated with Hausdorff measures of noncompactness. Finally, we provide an example to highlight and establish the importance of our main result.
{"title":"Solvability of infinite systems of fractional differential equations in the space of tempered sequence space $m^beta(phi)$","authors":"H. Mehravaran, Hojjatollah Amiri Kayvanloo, R. Allahyari","doi":"10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23299.2515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23299.2515","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article, is to establish the existence of solution of infinite systems of fractional differential equations in space of tempered sequence $m^beta(phi)$ by using techniques associated with Hausdorff measures of noncompactness. Finally, we provide an example to highlight and establish the importance of our main result.","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"1023-1034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68119267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23332.2521
U. S. Jim, D. Igbokwe
A split common fixed point and null point problem (SCFPNPP) which includes the split common fixed point problem, the split common null point problem and other problems related to the fixed point problem and the null point problem is studied. We introduce a Halpern--Ishikawa type algorithm for studying the split common fixed point and null point problem for Lipschitzian $J-$quasi pseudocontractive operators and maximal monotone operators in real Banach spaces. Moreover, we establish a strong convergence results under some suitable conditions and reduce our main result to the above-mentioned problems. Finally, we applied the study to split feasibility problem (FEP), split equilibrium problem (SEP), split variational inequality problem (SVIP) and split optimization problem (SOP).
{"title":"A split common fixed point and null point problem for Lipschitzian $J-$quasi pseudocontractive mappings in Banach spaces","authors":"U. S. Jim, D. Igbokwe","doi":"10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23332.2521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23332.2521","url":null,"abstract":"A split common fixed point and null point problem (SCFPNPP) which includes the split common fixed point problem, the split common null point problem and other problems related to the fixed point problem and the null point problem is studied. We introduce a Halpern--Ishikawa type algorithm for studying the split common fixed point and null point problem for Lipschitzian $J-$quasi pseudocontractive operators and maximal monotone operators in real Banach spaces. Moreover, we establish a strong convergence results under some suitable conditions and reduce our main result to the above-mentioned problems. Finally, we applied the study to split feasibility problem (FEP), split equilibrium problem (SEP), split variational inequality problem (SVIP) and split optimization problem (SOP).","PeriodicalId":14240,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications","volume":"71 1","pages":"1827-1853"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68119321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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