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New bound for edge spectral radius and edge energy of graphs 给出了图的边缘谱半径和边缘能的新边界
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23361.2523
S. Semnani, Samira Sabeti
Let $ X(V,E) $ be a simple graph with $ n $ vertices and $ m $ edges without isolated vertices. Denote by $ B = (b_{ij})_{mtimes m} $ the edge adjacency matrix of $ X $. Eigenvalues of the matrix $ B $, $mu_1, mu_2, cdots, mu_m $, are the edge spectrum of the graph $ X $. An important edge spectrum-based invariant is the graph energy, defined as $ E_e(X) =sum_{i=1}^{m} vert mu_i vert $. Suppose $ B^{'} $ be an edge subset of $ E(X) $ (set of edges of $ X $). For any $ e in B^{'} $ the degree of the edge $ e_i $ with respect to the subset $ B^{'} $ is defined as the number of edges in $ B^{'} $ that are adjacent to $ e_i $. We call it as $ varepsilon $-degree and is denoted by $ varepsilon_i $. Denote $ mu_1(X) $ as the largest eigenvalue of the graph $ X $ and $ s_i $ as the sum of $ varepsilon $-degree of edges that are adjacent to $ e_i $. In this paper, we give lower bounds of $ mu_1(X) $ and $ mu_1^{D^{'}}(X) $ in terms of $ varepsilon $-degree. Consequently, some existing bounds on the graph invariants $ E_e(X) $ are improved.
设$ X(V,E) $是一个简单的图,有$ n $个顶点和$ m $条边,没有孤立的顶点。用$ B = (b_{ij})_{mtimes m} $表示$ X $的边邻接矩阵。矩阵$ B $, $mu_1, $ mu_2, cdots, mu_m $的特征值是图$ X $的边谱。一个重要的基于边缘谱的不变量是图能量,定义为$ E_e(X) =sum_{i=1}^{m} vert mu_i vert $。假设$ B^{'} $是$ E(X) $ ($ X $的边集)的边子集。对于B^{'} $中的任意$ e,边$ e_i $相对于子集$ B^{'} $的度定义为$ B^{'} $中与$ e_i $相邻的边的个数。我们称它为$ varepsilon $-degree,用$ varepsilon_i $表示。表示$ mu_1(X) $为图$ X $的最大特征值,$ s_i $为与$ e_i $相邻的$ varepsilon $-度的边的和。本文给出了$ mu_1(X) $和$ mu_1^{D^{'}}(X) $的下界用$ varepsilon $-degree表示。因此,改进了图不变量$ E_e(X) $上的一些已有界。
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引用次数: 0
On the location of zeros of generalized derivative 关于广义导数的零点位置
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2021.22496.2382
I. A. Wani, Mohammad Hedayetullah Mir, I. Nazir
Let $P(z) =displaystyle prod_{v=1}^n (z-z_v),$ be a monic polynomial of degree $n$, then, $G_gamma[P(z)] = displaystyle sum_{k=1}^n gamma_k prod_{{v=1},{v neq k}}^n (z-z_v),$ where $gamma= (gamma_1,gamma_2,dots,gamma_n)$ is a n-tuple of positive real numbers with $sum_{k=1}^n gamma_k = n$, be its generalized derivative. The classical Gauss-Lucas Theorem on the location of critical points have been extended to the class of generalized derivativecite{g}. In this paper, we extend the Specht Theorem and the results proved by A.Aziz cite{1} on the location of critical points to the class of generalized derivative .
设$P(z) =displaystyle prod_{v=1}^n (z-z_v),$是阶为$n的一元多项式$,则$G_gamma[P(z)] =displaystyle sum_{k=1}^n gamma_k prod_{{v=1},{v neq k}}^n (z-z_v),$其中$gamma= (gamma_1,gamma_2,dots,gamma_n)$是一个正实数的n元组,$ sum_{k=1}^n gamma_k = n$是它的广义导数。将经典的关于临界点位置的高斯-卢卡斯定理推广到一类广义导数{g}。本文将Specht定理和A.Aziz引用{1}证明的关于临界点位置的结果推广到广义导数的一类。
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引用次数: 1
On existence of solutions for some functional integral equations in Banach algebra by fixed point theorem 用不动点定理研究Banach代数中若干泛函积分方程解的存在性
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23635.2570
M. Kazemi
In this research, we analyze the existence of solution for some nonlinear functional integral equations using the techniques of measures of noncompactness and the Petryshyn's fixed point theorem in Banach space. The results obtained in this paper cover many existence results obtained by numerous authors under some weaker conditions. We also give an example satisfying the conditions of our main theorem but not satisfying the conditions described by other authors.
本文利用非紧性测度技术和Banach空间中的Petryshyn不动点定理,分析了一类非线性泛函积分方程解的存在性。本文所得到的结果涵盖了许多作者在一些较弱条件下得到的存在性结果。我们还给出了一个满足我们主要定理的条件,但不满足其他作者所描述的条件的例子。
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引用次数: 2
Using some methods for estimating the survival times of patients infected with Covid-19 utilizing new two parameters Lindley distribution NTPLD 利用新的两参数Lindley分布NTPLD估计Covid-19患者生存时间的方法
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/ijnaa.2021.6073
Z. K. Gaafar, M. H. Al-Sharoot
The aim of this paper is the needs to analyze the survival time for patients with Covide-19b who remains in the hospital until death, so it is necessary to study the survival times and estimate the reliability. The problem of finding the best distribution that fits the data is the key idea to analyze the data accurately. Consequently, the misspecifying of the distribution that fit the data leads to poor quality inference criteria of the phenomenon, also leads to unreliable reliability estimations. Many data of sciences areas are of different probability distributions depending on the nature of the phenomenon within the studied communities Some of the data are represented simple phenomena that cope with a unique probability distribution, and some of which are very complex and heterogeneous systems that force the researchers to use probability distributions fits the behavior of this random phenomenon. Many works in the field of reliability, failure and survival times, and the function of reliability (survival) follows some common distributions such as the Exponential distribution, Weibull distribution and other distributions. In this paper we introduced the survival function that follows an important distribution in survival modeling, that is called the Lindley distribution with two Parameters, taking into account two forms of this distribution, one of them we proposed based on different forms of the probability density function and finding the survival function for the distribution and compared to other distributions using several methods of estimation including the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE), (percentiles estimators) by using Monte Carlo simulation experiments and comparing using the Integrated Mean Square Error (IMSE), (-2ln L) and AIC to achieve the best estimate of survival function among the distributions, as well as a real data analysis conducted for the survival times for patients with COVID-19 stay in hospital until death. The proposed distribution fitted the data very well in the Maximum Likelihood method compared with the other distribution.
本文的目的是需要分析covid -19b患者住院至死亡的生存时间,因此有必要对生存时间进行研究并估计其信度。找到适合数据的最佳分布问题是准确分析数据的关键思想。因此,对数据拟合分布的错误指定会导致现象的推断标准质量差,也会导致可靠性估计不可靠。科学领域的许多数据具有不同的概率分布,这取决于所研究群体内现象的性质,有些数据是处理独特概率分布的简单现象,有些数据是非常复杂和异构的系统,迫使研究人员使用适合这种随机现象行为的概率分布。在可靠性、失效和生存时间领域有很多研究,可靠性(生存)的函数遵循一些常见的分布,如指数分布、威布尔分布和其他分布。在本文中,我们介绍了生存函数,它遵循生存建模中的一个重要分布,即具有两个参数的Lindley分布,考虑到该分布的两种形式,其中一种我们提出了基于不同形式的概率密度函数和寻找分布的生存函数,并使用几种估计方法与其他分布进行比较,包括最大似然估计器(MLE),(百分位数估计器),通过蒙特卡罗模拟实验,并使用积分均方误差(IMSE)、(-2ln L)和AIC进行比较,获得分布间生存函数的最佳估计,并对COVID-19患者住院至死亡的生存时间进行真实数据分析。与其他分布相比,所提出的分布在极大似然方法中对数据的拟合效果很好。
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引用次数: 0
E-small essential submodules e小的基本子模块
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5608
M. F. Khalf, H. Abbas
Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity, and (U_{R}) be an $R$-module, with (E = End(U_{R})). In this work we consider a generalization of class small essential submodules namely E-small essential submodules. Where the submodule $Q$ of (U_{R}) is said E-small essential if $Q$ (cap W = 0) , when W is a small submodule of (U_{R}), implies that (N_{S}left( W right) = 0), where (N_{S}left( W right) = left{ psi in E | Impsi subseteq W right}). The intersection ({overline{B}}_{R}(U)) of each submodule of (U_{R}) contained in (Soc(U_{R})). The ({overline{B}}_{R}(U)) is unique largest E-small essential submodule of (U_{R}), if (U_{R}) is cyclic. Also in this paper we study ({overline{B}}_{R}(U)) and ({overline{W}}_{E}left( U right)). The condition when ({overline{B}}_{R}(U)) is E-small essential, and (text{Tot}left( U,U right) = {overline{W}}_{E}left( U right) = J(E)) are given.
设$R$是一个具有恒等的交换环,且(U_{R})是一个$R$-模,具有(E = End(U_{R}))。本文考虑一类小本质子模的推广,即e -小本质子模。其中(U_{R})的子模块$Q$表示E-小本质,如果$Q$ (cap W = 0),当W是(U_{R})的子模块时,意味着(N_{S}左(W右)= 0),其中(N_{S}左(W右)=左{psi in E | Impsi subseteq W右})。(Soc(U_{R}))中包含的(U_{R})各子模块的交集({overline{B}}_{R}(U))。如果(U_{R})是循环的,则({overline{B}}_{R}(U))是(U_{R})的唯一最大e -小本质子模。本文还研究了({overline{B}}_{R}(U))和({overline{W}}_{E}左(U右))。给出了({overline{B}}_{R}(U))为E小本质,(text{Tot}left(U,U右)= {overline{W}}_{E}left(U右)= J(E))的条件。
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引用次数: 0
Generalized modified ratio-cum-product kind exponentially estimator of the populations mean in stratified ranked set sample 分层排序集样本总体均值的广义修正比积类指数估计
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2022.5657
Rikan A. Ahmed, Saja Mohammad Hussein
In this study, we present a proposal aimed at estimating the finite population's mean of the main variable by stratification rank set sample (S_{t}text{RSS}) through the modification made to generalized ratio-cum-product type exponential estimator. The relative bias (text{PRB}), Mean Squared Error (text{Mse}) and percentage relative efficiencies (text{PRE}) of the proposed modified estimator is obtained to the first degree of approximation. Conditions under which the proposed estimator is more efficient than the usual unbiased estimator, ratio, product type estimators, and some other estimators are obtained. Finally, the estimators' abilities are evaluated through the use of simulations, as showed that the proposed modified estimator is more efficient as compared to several other estimators.
在本研究中,我们提出了一种通过对广义比值积型指数估计量的修正,以分层秩集样本(S_{t}text{RSS})估计主变量的有限总体均值的建议。得到了改进估计器的相对偏差(text{PRB})、均方误差(text{Mse})和相对效率百分比(text{PRE})的一级近似。给出了该估计量比一般的无偏估计量、比值估计量、乘积估计量和其他一些估计量更有效的条件。最后,通过仿真对估计器的能力进行了评估,结果表明,与其他几种估计器相比,所提出的改进估计器更有效。
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引用次数: 1
Some common fixed point theorems for strict contractions 严格压缩的几个常用不动点定理
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2019.17470.1937
M. A. Ahmed
The extension of Aamri and El Moutawakil's property [1] to set-valued mappings arena is given. Also, some common fixed point theorems for strict contractions are established. these theorems extend results in [1,8].
给出了Aamri和El Moutawakil的性质[1]在集值映射领域的推广。同时,给出了严格压缩的一般不动点定理。这些定理扩展了[1,8]中的结果。
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引用次数: 0
CFD Analysis of piston bowls geometry for CI direct injection engine using finite element analysis 基于有限元分析的CI直喷发动机活塞碗几何结构CFD分析
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2021.24710.2801
P. P. Varma, K. Subbaiah
Both NOx and soot emissions are major concerns in compression ignition (CI) engine with diesel fuel and the enhancement of variety of fuel and air can increase the performance of combustion engine. There are several methods to enhance the variety of air-fuel within the cylinder. Altering the geometry of piston bowl is one of the methods to improve the air-fuel mixture. This article proposes the effect of piston bowl geometry on the direct injection diesel engine performance and emissions, where various profiles of piston bowl referred as hemispherical combustion chamber (HCC), toroidal combustion chamber (TCC) and shallow depth combustion chamber (SCC) are designed using computer aided design and drafting (CADD) tool and ANSYS workbench is adopted for analysis. In addition, Karanja oil mixed with base fluid diesel at different volume fractions like0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% and are calculated for their combination properties. Further, theoretical calculations are considered to determine the properties of Nano fluids which are later used as inputs for the analysis. Finally, CFD analysis is employed on different geometries at different fluid volume fractions and thermal analysis is done for piston bowl geometries with different composite materials like carbon fiber and armide fiber.
氮氧化物和烟尘排放是柴油机压缩点火(CI)的主要问题,增加燃料和空气的多样性可以提高内燃机的性能。有几种方法可以提高气缸内空气燃料的多样性。改变活塞碗的几何形状是改善空燃混合气的方法之一。本文提出了活塞碗几何形状对直喷柴油机性能和排放的影响,利用计算机辅助设计与绘制(CADD)工具设计了半球形燃烧室(HCC)、环形燃烧室(TCC)和浅深度燃烧室(SCC)的不同形状的活塞碗,并采用ANSYS workbench进行了分析。此外,Karanja油以不同的体积分数(如0.2%、0.3%和0.4%)与基础流体柴油混合,并计算其组合性能。此外,理论计算被用来确定纳米流体的性质,这些性质后来被用作分析的输入。最后对不同流体体积分数下的不同几何形状进行CFD分析,并对碳纤维、酰胺纤维等不同复合材料的活塞碗几何形状进行热分析。
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引用次数: 0
Blow up of solutions for a r(x)-Laplacian Lam'{e} equation with variable-exponent nonlinearities and arbitrary initial energy level 具有变指数非线性和任意初始能级的r(x)-拉普拉斯Lam'{e}方程解的爆破
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2021.23671.2578
M. Shahrouzi
In this paper, we consider the nonlinear $r(x)-$Laplacian Lam'{e} equation $$ u_{tt}-Delta_{e}u-divbig(|nabla u|^{r(x)-2}nabla ubig)+|u_{t}|^{m(x)-2}u_{t}=|u|^{p(x)-2}u $$ in a smoothly bounded domain $Omegasubseteq R^{n}, ngeq1$, where $r(.), m(.)$ and $p(.)$ are continuous and measurable functions. Under suitable conditions on variable exponents and initial data, the blow-up of solutions is proved with negative initial energy as well as positive.
本文考虑光滑有界域$Omegasubseteq R^{n}, ngeq1$上的非线性{}$r(x)-$拉普拉斯Lam'e方程$$ u_{tt}-Delta_{e}u-divbig(|nabla u|^{r(x)-2}nabla ubig)+|u_{t}|^{m(x)-2}u_{t}=|u|^{p(x)-2}u $$,其中$r(.), m(.)$和$p(.)$是连续可测函数。在变指数和初始数据的适当条件下,证明了解的初始能量为正或负。
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引用次数: 3
Comparing predicative power of foreign adjusted bankruptcy through providing proposed model of bankruptcy in Iran 通过提出伊朗破产模型,比较国外调整破产的预测能力
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.22075/IJNAA.2021.24005.2651
M. Sarhadi, F. Mansouri, Mahdi Faghani
The aim of the present study was to compare the productive power of foreign adjusted bankruptcy by providing a proposed model of bankruptcy in Iran. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of nature which through that bankruptcy models are studied according to the Shumway's hazard model (2001), and in the form of a logit model and accounting are evaluated based on Pourheydari's and Koopayee's model (2010). Accordingly, a sample including1287 years, the company from 2006 to 2018 has been selected from Tehran Stock Exchange. For statistical hypothesis testing, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was applied. Receiver operating characteristics is applicable in software like SAS, SPSS, and STATA. The results showed that Shumway's model (2001) provides a more accurate bankruptcy prediction of companies and this is the sign of superiority of the hazard model over classic models.
本研究的目的是通过提供一个拟议的伊朗破产模型来比较外国调整破产的生产力。本研究在目的和描述性和相关性方面的应用,通过破产模型根据Shumway的风险模型(2001)进行研究,并以logit模型的形式根据Pourheydari和Koopayee的模型(2010)进行会计评估。因此,从德黑兰证券交易所选取了2006年至2018年的1287家公司作为样本。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)进行统计假设检验。接收机工作特性适用于SAS、SPSS、STATA等软件。结果表明,Shumway模型(2001)对企业破产的预测更为准确,这是风险模型相对于经典模型的优越性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications
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