Bruno Valério da Silva, Amanda Vieira Barollo, Normanda da Nóbrega Lima Sá, Luciana Butini Oliveira, Luciana Faria Sanglard
Background
Clinical diagnosis of ankyloglossia and its therapeutic management through lingual frenotomy (LF) have increased in several countries. However, systematic reviews (SRs) and experts opinions show conflicting results on this topic.
Aim
To synthesize the available knowledge with a critical evaluation of SRs on LF in infants up to 1 year of age on breastfeeding-related outcomes.
Design
An umbrella review was carried out. Searches were conducted (seven electronic databases, gray literature). SRs of clinical trials involving infants up to 1 year of age undergoing LF to treat maternal self-efficacy related to breastfeeding, nipple pain, and/or weight gain were included. The articles were critically analyzed (AMSTAR 2).
Results
We identified 272 studies; 15 SRs were included. Confidence was classified as critically low (n = 14; 93.3%) and moderate (n = 1; 6.7%). Fourteen SRs had more than two critical aspects, indicating that the studies were not conducted properly.
Conclusion
The evidence on the efficacy of LF in infants remains inconclusive in relation to breastfeeding outcomes, especially maternal self-efficacy related to breastfeeding and weight gain. Evidence of benefit for the treatment of breast pain is weak. Overdiagnosis of ankyloglossia may lead to overtreatment of the condition, without high-quality evidence to support the benefits of this procedure.
{"title":"Lingual Frenotomy in Breastfeeding Infants: An Umbrella Review","authors":"Bruno Valério da Silva, Amanda Vieira Barollo, Normanda da Nóbrega Lima Sá, Luciana Butini Oliveira, Luciana Faria Sanglard","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical diagnosis of ankyloglossia and its therapeutic management through lingual frenotomy (LF) have increased in several countries. However, systematic reviews (SRs) and experts opinions show conflicting results on this topic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To synthesize the available knowledge with a critical evaluation of SRs on LF in infants up to 1 year of age on breastfeeding-related outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An umbrella review was carried out. Searches were conducted (seven electronic databases, gray literature). SRs of clinical trials involving infants up to 1 year of age undergoing LF to treat maternal self-efficacy related to breastfeeding, nipple pain, and/or weight gain were included. The articles were critically analyzed (AMSTAR 2).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 272 studies; 15 SRs were included. Confidence was classified as critically low (<i>n</i> = 14; 93.3%) and moderate (<i>n</i> = 1; 6.7%). Fourteen SRs had more than two critical aspects, indicating that the studies were not conducted properly.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The evidence on the efficacy of LF in infants remains inconclusive in relation to breastfeeding outcomes, especially maternal self-efficacy related to breastfeeding and weight gain. Evidence of benefit for the treatment of breast pain is weak. Overdiagnosis of ankyloglossia may lead to overtreatment of the condition, without high-quality evidence to support the benefits of this procedure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"90-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regular follow-up after dental treatment is essential to prevent the development and progression of new caries lesions in children. However, there is no consensus on the optimal recall interval.
Aim
The aim of the present clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different recall intervals for high caries risk children.
Design
A total of 224 preschool children (aged 3–5 years) with at least one active caries lesion were selected. After treatment, children were randomized into two different groups according to the recall interval: every 4 months or every 8 months. A single trained and calibrated examiner re-evaluated participants according to their group. The primary outcome was caries lesion progression into dentine (ICDAS 5–6). Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the independent variables and primary outcome (α = 5%).
Results
Children in the 8-month recall group were 2.5 times more likely to develop new cavitated caries lesions when compared to those in the 4-month recall group, over 30 months.
Conclusion
High caries risk children on an 8-month recall schedule had a significantly higher risk of developing new cavitated caries lesions compared to those with a 4-month recall interval.
{"title":"Effectiveness of a 4-Month vs. 8-Month Recall Interval for High-Caries-Risk Preschool Children: A 30-Month Clinical Trial","authors":"Thais Cordeschi, Mariana Besseler, Isabel Cristina Olegário, Kim Ekstrand, Azam Bakhshandeh, Gabriela Berti, Jenny Abanto, Marcelo Bönecker","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regular follow-up after dental treatment is essential to prevent the development and progression of new caries lesions in children. However, there is no consensus on the optimal recall interval.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the present clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different recall intervals for high caries risk children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 224 preschool children (aged 3–5 years) with at least one active caries lesion were selected. After treatment, children were randomized into two different groups according to the recall interval: every 4 months or every 8 months. A single trained and calibrated examiner re-evaluated participants according to their group. The primary outcome was caries lesion progression into dentine (ICDAS 5–6). Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the independent variables and primary outcome (<i>α</i> = 5%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children in the 8-month recall group were 2.5 times more likely to develop new cavitated caries lesions when compared to those in the 4-month recall group, over 30 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High caries risk children on an 8-month recall schedule had a significantly higher risk of developing new cavitated caries lesions compared to those with a 4-month recall interval.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cemental tear (CeT), a detachment of the root cementum, is rarely reported in pediatric populations and often misdiagnosed as root fractures or endodontic-periodontal lesions.
Case Report
This is the first documented instance of CeT in a healthy 12-year-old female, likely a result of the extraction of a supernumerary tooth (mesiodens). The patient had a supernumerary tooth diagnosed at age 2 that was extracted at age 10. Radiograph after 1 year of supernumerary tooth extraction revealed a linear radiopacity adjacent to the left maxillary central incisor, diagnosed as CeT by specialists. Despite the radiographic signs, the tooth remained asymptomatic and vital, with no surgical intervention required. This case underscores the importance of including CeT in the differential diagnosis for pediatric patients with unexplained periodontal changes following surgical or traumatic events. Conservative monitoring was successful, likely due to children's enhanced regenerative capacity. The case also highlights the diagnostic value of angled periapical radiographs in detecting CeT.
Conclusion
Pediatric dentists should be aware of CeT as a potential diagnosis in young patients and consider less invasive management approaches. A revised decision-making algorithm for managing supernumerary teeth is proposed to reflect these findings.
{"title":"A Decade-Long Follow-Up of Supernumerary Tooth Leading Up to Cemental Tear: A Pediatric Case Report","authors":"Chaitanya Puranik, Shahbaz Katebzadeh, Paloma Reyes-Nguyen, Catherine Flaitz","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cemental tear (CeT), a detachment of the root cementum, is rarely reported in pediatric populations and often misdiagnosed as root fractures or endodontic-periodontal lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Report</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first documented instance of CeT in a healthy 12-year-old female, likely a result of the extraction of a supernumerary tooth (mesiodens). The patient had a supernumerary tooth diagnosed at age 2 that was extracted at age 10. Radiograph after 1 year of supernumerary tooth extraction revealed a linear radiopacity adjacent to the left maxillary central incisor, diagnosed as CeT by specialists. Despite the radiographic signs, the tooth remained asymptomatic and vital, with no surgical intervention required. This case underscores the importance of including CeT in the differential diagnosis for pediatric patients with unexplained periodontal changes following surgical or traumatic events. Conservative monitoring was successful, likely due to children's enhanced regenerative capacity. The case also highlights the diagnostic value of angled periapical radiographs in detecting CeT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pediatric dentists should be aware of CeT as a potential diagnosis in young patients and consider less invasive management approaches. A revised decision-making algorithm for managing supernumerary teeth is proposed to reflect these findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"153-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145113221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jagadeeswara Rao Sukhabogi, Dolar Doshi, Sasikala Jummala
Introduction
The pivotal role of self-reported measures in clinical caries data and children's oral health-related quality of life cannot be ignored.
Aim
This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Telugu-translated caries impacts and experiences questionnaire for children (CARIES-QC/Te) among 12-year-old schoolchildren in Hyderabad city.
Methods
The forward–backward translated CARIES-QC/Te was pilot tested in 30 children. The tested questionnaire was administered to 598 children, followed by a clinical oral examination to evaluate dental caries. Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation. The factor structure of CARIES-QC/Te was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Furthermore, the questionnaire was correlated with a global rating question to assess its convergent validity. In addition, discriminant validity was evaluated based on the presence or absence of dental caries.
Results
The mean CARIES-QC/Te score was 0.43 ± 0.60, and the mean caries experience for the study population was 1.8 ± 0.81. Based on the global rating question, Cronbach's α score and intraclass correlation coefficient for overall CARIES-QC/Te were 0.934 and 0.881, respectively. The polychoric correlation matrix of the CARIES-QC/Te questionnaire ranged from 0.424 to 0.652. The EFA results of CARIES-QC/T suggested a one-factor solution and explained 51.7% of the total variance. Moreover, CARIES-QC/Te demonstrated good discriminant validity for those with and without dental caries.
Conclusion
The results indicate that CARIES-QC/Te exhibits good validity and acceptable reliability and could benefit public health research in Telugu-speaking populations.
{"title":"Translation and Validation of Telugu Version of the Caries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children (CARIES-QC)","authors":"Jagadeeswara Rao Sukhabogi, Dolar Doshi, Sasikala Jummala","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pivotal role of self-reported measures in clinical caries data and children's oral health-related quality of life cannot be ignored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Telugu-translated caries impacts and experiences questionnaire for children (CARIES-QC/Te) among 12-year-old schoolchildren in Hyderabad city.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The forward–backward translated CARIES-QC/Te was pilot tested in 30 children. The tested questionnaire was administered to 598 children, followed by a clinical oral examination to evaluate dental caries. Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach's <i>α</i> and intraclass correlation. The factor structure of CARIES-QC/Te was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Furthermore, the questionnaire was correlated with a global rating question to assess its convergent validity. In addition, discriminant validity was evaluated based on the presence or absence of dental caries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean CARIES-QC/Te score was 0.43 ± 0.60, and the mean caries experience for the study population was 1.8 ± 0.81. Based on the global rating question, Cronbach's <i>α</i> score and intraclass correlation coefficient for overall CARIES-QC/Te were 0.934 and 0.881, respectively. The polychoric correlation matrix of the CARIES-QC/Te questionnaire ranged from 0.424 to 0.652. The EFA results of CARIES-QC/T suggested a one-factor solution and explained 51.7% of the total variance. Moreover, CARIES-QC/Te demonstrated good discriminant validity for those with and without dental caries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results indicate that CARIES-QC/Te exhibits good validity and acceptable reliability and could benefit public health research in Telugu-speaking populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145080706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multimodal large language models (LLMs) have potential for medical image analysis, yet their reliability for pediatric panoramic radiographs remains uncertain.
Aim
This study evaluated two multimodal LLMs (OpenAI o1, Claude 3.5 Sonnet) for detecting and counting teeth (including tooth germs) on pediatric panoramic radiographs.
Design
Eighty-seven pediatric panoramic radiographs from an open-source data set were analyzed. Two pediatric dentists annotated the presence or absence of each potential tooth position. Each image was processed five times by the LLMs using identical prompts, and the results were compared with the expert annotations. Standard performance metrics and Fleiss' kappa were calculated.
Results
Detailed examination revealed that subtle developmental stages and minor tooth loss were consistently misidentified. Claude 3.5 Sonnet had higher sensitivity but significantly lower specificity (29.8% ± 21.5%), resulting in many false positives. OpenAI o1 demonstrated superior specificity compared to Claude 3.5 Sonnet, but still failed to correctly detect subtle defects in certain mixed dentition cases. Both models showed large variability in repeated runs.
Conclusion
Both LLMs failed to achieve clinically acceptable performance and cannot reliably identify nuanced discrepancies critical for pediatric dentistry. Further refinements and consistency improvements are essential before routine clinical use.
{"title":"Challenges and Limitations of Multimodal Large Language Models in Interpreting Pediatric Panoramic Radiographs","authors":"Yuichi Mine, Yuko Iwamoto, Shota Okazaki, Taku Nishimura, Eimi Tabata, Saori Takeda, Tzu-Yu Peng, Ryota Nomura, Naoya Kakimoto, Takeshi Murayama","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multimodal large language models (LLMs) have potential for medical image analysis, yet their reliability for pediatric panoramic radiographs remains uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated two multimodal LLMs (OpenAI o1, Claude 3.5 Sonnet) for detecting and counting teeth (including tooth germs) on pediatric panoramic radiographs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-seven pediatric panoramic radiographs from an open-source data set were analyzed. Two pediatric dentists annotated the presence or absence of each potential tooth position. Each image was processed five times by the LLMs using identical prompts, and the results were compared with the expert annotations. Standard performance metrics and Fleiss' kappa were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Detailed examination revealed that subtle developmental stages and minor tooth loss were consistently misidentified. Claude 3.5 Sonnet had higher sensitivity but significantly lower specificity (29.8% ± 21.5%), resulting in many false positives. OpenAI o1 demonstrated superior specificity compared to Claude 3.5 Sonnet, but still failed to correctly detect subtle defects in certain mixed dentition cases. Both models showed large variability in repeated runs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both LLMs failed to achieve clinically acceptable performance and cannot reliably identify nuanced discrepancies critical for pediatric dentistry. Further refinements and consistency improvements are essential before routine clinical use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"74-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alemar Ghannam, Louei Nahas, Mayssoon Dashash, Hasan Alzoubi
Background
Hearing-impaired children face unique communication and learning challenges, requiring tailored oral health education.
Aim
This study assessed the effectiveness of a custom-designed sign language cartoon film in improving oral hygiene knowledge and practices among hearing-impaired children.
Design
A randomized controlled trial included 90 children aged 6–12, divided equally into an intervention group receiving the cartoon-based education and a control group with no intervention. Baseline assessments covered audiometry, plaque and gingival indices, and oral health knowledge/practices via questionnaire. Follow-ups occurred at 6 and 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using nonparametric tests.
Results
Baseline variables showed no significant group differences (p > 0.05). Postintervention, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher oral health knowledge (12.38 ± 1.14 vs. 1.64 ± 1.17; p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 9.3). At 12 weeks, plaque (0.34 ± 0.40 vs. 2.21 ± 0.53; p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 3.98) and gingival index scores (0.10 ± 0.28 vs. 1.86 ± 0.54; p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 4.09) were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the controls.
Conclusions
Sign language cartoon films effectively enhance oral hygiene knowledge and practices in hearing-impaired children, highlighting the value of inclusive, innovative health education methods for this underserved group.
背景：听力受损儿童面临着独特的沟通和学习挑战，需要针对性的口腔健康教育。目的：本研究评估特制的手语卡通电影对提高听障儿童口腔卫生知识和行为的效果。设计：随机对照试验纳入90名6-12岁儿童，平均分为接受卡通教育的干预组和不进行干预的对照组。基线评估包括听力测量、牙菌斑和牙龈指数，以及通过问卷调查的口腔健康知识/实践。随访时间分别为6周和12周。数据分析采用非参数检验。结果：各组基线变量差异无统计学意义（p < 0.05）。干预后，干预组口腔卫生知识水平显著高于干预组（12.38±1.14 vs. 1.64±1.17）；p结论：手语卡通电影有效提高了听障儿童口腔卫生知识和实践水平，突出了包容性、创新性健康教育方法对这一服务不足群体的价值。
{"title":"Effectiveness of Sign Language-Based Cartoon Oral Health Education Among Hearing-Impaired Children in Damascus City, Syria: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Alemar Ghannam, Louei Nahas, Mayssoon Dashash, Hasan Alzoubi","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hearing-impaired children face unique communication and learning challenges, requiring tailored oral health education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assessed the effectiveness of a custom-designed sign language cartoon film in improving oral hygiene knowledge and practices among hearing-impaired children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A randomized controlled trial included 90 children aged 6–12, divided equally into an intervention group receiving the cartoon-based education and a control group with no intervention. Baseline assessments covered audiometry, plaque and gingival indices, and oral health knowledge/practices via questionnaire. Follow-ups occurred at 6 and 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using nonparametric tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline variables showed no significant group differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Postintervention, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher oral health knowledge (12.38 ± 1.14 vs. 1.64 ± 1.17; <i>p</i> < 0.001, Cohen's <i>d</i> = 9.3). At 12 weeks, plaque (0.34 ± 0.40 vs. 2.21 ± 0.53; <i>p</i> < 0.001, Cohen's <i>d</i> = 3.98) and gingival index scores (0.10 ± 0.28 vs. 1.86 ± 0.54; <i>p</i> < 0.001, Cohen's <i>d</i> = 4.09) were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sign language cartoon films effectively enhance oral hygiene knowledge and practices in hearing-impaired children, highlighting the value of inclusive, innovative health education methods for this underserved group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"129-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Differentiating between primary and permanent teeth is a critical component of oral health knowledge, influencing both preventive care and clinical decisions. With the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare and education, its role in supporting learning is of increasing interest.
Aim
This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and internal consistency of ChatGPT-4.5 in classifying primary versus permanent teeth using intraoral photographs, compared to senior dental students and parents.
Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 130 participants (65 senior dental students and 65 parents). ChatGPT-4.5 was also evaluated. An online survey with 16 intraoral images showing multiple teeth was used. Participants classified each tooth as either primary or permanent. Responses were reviewed by two pediatric dentistry experts. Accuracy was analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (p < 0.05). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha.
Results
ChatGPT-4.5 (82.9%) and dental students (82.1%) showed similar accuracy, while parents performed significantly lower (74.8%). A significant difference was found in posterior tooth classification (p = 0.009), favoring students. ChatGPT demonstrated good consistency (α = 0.74).
Conclusion
ChatGPT may be a useful tool in dental education and parental guidance, especially when professional access is limited.
{"title":"Can ChatGPT-4.5 Accurately Identify Teeth? A Cross-Sectional Comparison With Dental Students and Parents","authors":"Merve Ozdemir, Hamide Comert","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ipd.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Differentiating between primary and permanent teeth is a critical component of oral health knowledge, influencing both preventive care and clinical decisions. With the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare and education, its role in supporting learning is of increasing interest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and internal consistency of ChatGPT-4.5 in classifying primary versus permanent teeth using intraoral photographs, compared to senior dental students and parents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 130 participants (65 senior dental students and 65 parents). ChatGPT-4.5 was also evaluated. An online survey with 16 intraoral images showing multiple teeth was used. Participants classified each tooth as either primary or permanent. Responses were reviewed by two pediatric dentistry experts. Accuracy was analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT-4.5 (82.9%) and dental students (82.1%) showed similar accuracy, while parents performed significantly lower (74.8%). A significant difference was found in posterior tooth classification (<i>p</i> = 0.009), favoring students. ChatGPT demonstrated good consistency (<i>α</i> = 0.74).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT may be a useful tool in dental education and parental guidance, especially when professional access is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"121-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>It is a pleasure to introduce the fifth edition of the BSPD Quality Improvement Briefing. This year's collection showcases a range of thoughtful and impactful quality improvement initiatives, each reflecting our profession's commitment to improving the safety, accessibility and effectiveness of care for children and young people.</p><p>We open with an invited article by Dr Greig Taylor, who offers a nuanced exploration of the relationship between quality improvement and research, illustrated through a case study on the management of compromised first permanent molars.</p><p>I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all authors who submitted their work, particularly those who undertook evaluations and audits alongside clinical responsibilities. I am also grateful to our reviewers—Erin Giles, Rosamund Johnson, Hiba Al-Diwani, Charlotte Schofield, Chris Wallace, Emma Morgan, Maryam Ezzeldin, Susan Stokes, Chris Donnell, Carly Dixon, Jessica Talbot, Greig Taylor, Clarissa Dale and Shrita Lakhani—for their time and expertise in supporting the peer review process.</p><p>I am indebted to Cheryl Somani and Helen Rogers, former editors of this publication, for their guidance and mentorship in preparing me for this role. Finally, my heartfelt thanks go to Assistant Editors Claudia Heggie and Laura Timms for their insight, precision and steadfast support throughout the editorial process.</p><p>As paediatric dental professionals, we are advocates for children—not only in the clinical care we provide but in the way we design, evaluate and improve the systems that support them. I hope this edition reflects that shared purpose and the collective commitment of our specialty to driving meaningful change.</p><p>Armaana Ahmad</p><p> <i>Editor, Quality Improvement Briefing</i> </p><p> <b>Invited article: Quality improvement and research—can they work synergistically?</b> </p><p> <i>G. D. Taylor</i> </p><p>A reflective and practical discussion exploring the conceptual and practical boundaries between quality improvement and research.</p><p> <b>Enhancing the pathway for patients with additional needs</b> </p><p> <i>E. Weston & S. Dunkley</i> </p><p>This two-cycle service evaluation demonstrates the impact of digital flagging and adapted assessment tools on care quality for children requiring reasonable adjustments.</p><p> <b>Developing a dental pre-assessment pathway to improve theatre utilisation and quality care</b> </p><p> <i>C. Schofield, K. O'Donnell, M. Dalton, R. Homer & L. Radley</i> </p><p>This project introduces a local protocol for anaesthetist pre-assessment referrals, leading to reduced cancellations and improved general anaesthetic pathway efficiency.</p><p> <b>Expanding access to photobiomodulation treatment for paediatric oncology patients in Glasgow</b>
很高兴向大家介绍第五届BSPD质量改进简报会。今年的系列展示了一系列深思熟虑和有影响力的质量改进措施，每一个都反映了我们的专业承诺，即提高儿童和青少年的安全，可及性和有效性。我们以greg Taylor博士的一篇特邀文章开场，他通过对第一恒磨牙受损管理的案例研究，对质量改进和研究之间的关系进行了细致入微的探索。在此，我要衷心感谢所有投稿的作者，特别是那些在承担临床责任的同时承担评估和审核工作的作者。我还要感谢我们的审稿人——erin Giles、Rosamund Johnson、Hiba Al-Diwani、Charlotte Schofield、Chris Wallace、Emma Morgan、Maryam Ezzeldin、Susan Stokes、Chris Donnell、Carly Dixon、Jessica Talbot、Greig Taylor、Clarissa Dale和Shrita lakhani——为支持同行评审过程所付出的时间和专业知识。我要感谢谢丽尔·索马尼和海伦·罗杰斯，她们是本杂志的前编辑，在我准备担任这个角色的过程中给予我指导和指导。最后，我衷心感谢助理编辑Claudia Heggie和Laura Timms，感谢他们在整个编辑过程中的洞察力、准确性和坚定的支持。作为儿科牙科专业人员，我们是儿童的倡导者——不仅在我们提供的临床护理方面，而且在我们设计、评估和改进支持儿童的系统的方式上。我希望这一版本反映了我们专业的共同目标和集体承诺，以推动有意义的变革。Armaana Ahmad编辑，质量改进简报特邀文章：质量改进和研究——它们能协同工作吗？探讨质量改进和研究之间的概念和实践界限的反思性和实践性讨论。这两个周期的服务评估展示了数字标记和适应评估工具对需要合理调整的儿童护理质量的影响。C. Schofield， K. O'Donnell， M. Dalton， R. Homer & L. Radley该项目引入了麻醉师预评估转诊的本地协议，减少了取消，提高了全身麻醉途径的效率。通过多学科合作和培训，该项目扩大了口腔黏膜炎激光治疗的可及性，解决了未满足的需求，提高了接受癌症治疗的患者的生活质量。一种新的本科儿科牙科评估临床转诊途径的评价。对健康访问者和自我转诊模式的审查，该模式改善了儿童的就诊机会，增强了牙科学生的临床经验。R. Sladden， H. Wilson， R. Bennett &； A. Hollis一项评估CLP患者早期牙齿接触的国家标准依从性的审计，以及通过唇腭裂牙科团队积极外展的影响。J. Shah， C. Saunders & D. Grady一项两周期审计，评估冠植入前放射摄影协议的依从性，在实施教育和程序干预后有明显改善。
{"title":"QIB Editorial","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is a pleasure to introduce the fifth edition of the BSPD Quality Improvement Briefing. This year's collection showcases a range of thoughtful and impactful quality improvement initiatives, each reflecting our profession's commitment to improving the safety, accessibility and effectiveness of care for children and young people.</p><p>We open with an invited article by Dr Greig Taylor, who offers a nuanced exploration of the relationship between quality improvement and research, illustrated through a case study on the management of compromised first permanent molars.</p><p>I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all authors who submitted their work, particularly those who undertook evaluations and audits alongside clinical responsibilities. I am also grateful to our reviewers—Erin Giles, Rosamund Johnson, Hiba Al-Diwani, Charlotte Schofield, Chris Wallace, Emma Morgan, Maryam Ezzeldin, Susan Stokes, Chris Donnell, Carly Dixon, Jessica Talbot, Greig Taylor, Clarissa Dale and Shrita Lakhani—for their time and expertise in supporting the peer review process.</p><p>I am indebted to Cheryl Somani and Helen Rogers, former editors of this publication, for their guidance and mentorship in preparing me for this role. Finally, my heartfelt thanks go to Assistant Editors Claudia Heggie and Laura Timms for their insight, precision and steadfast support throughout the editorial process.</p><p>As paediatric dental professionals, we are advocates for children—not only in the clinical care we provide but in the way we design, evaluate and improve the systems that support them. I hope this edition reflects that shared purpose and the collective commitment of our specialty to driving meaningful change.</p><p>Armaana Ahmad</p><p>\u0000 <i>Editor, Quality Improvement Briefing</i>\u0000 </p><p>\u0000 <b>Invited article: Quality improvement and research—can they work synergistically?</b>\u0000 </p><p>\u0000 <i>G. D. Taylor</i>\u0000 </p><p>A reflective and practical discussion exploring the conceptual and practical boundaries between quality improvement and research.</p><p>\u0000 <b>Enhancing the pathway for patients with additional needs</b>\u0000 </p><p>\u0000 <i>E. Weston & S. Dunkley</i>\u0000 </p><p>This two-cycle service evaluation demonstrates the impact of digital flagging and adapted assessment tools on care quality for children requiring reasonable adjustments.</p><p>\u0000 <b>Developing a dental pre-assessment pathway to improve theatre utilisation and quality care</b>\u0000 </p><p>\u0000 <i>C. Schofield, K. O'Donnell, M. Dalton, R. Homer & L. Radley</i>\u0000 </p><p>This project introduces a local protocol for anaesthetist pre-assessment referrals, leading to reduced cancellations and improved general anaesthetic pathway efficiency.</p><p>\u0000 <b>Expanding access to photobiomodulation treatment for paediatric oncology patients in Glasgow</b>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 S1","pages":"S46-S47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>Stainless steel crowns (SSC) are a valuable restorative option in paediatric patients due to their high clinical effectiveness [<span>1-3</span>]. Literature has suggested reduced failure rates in SSC placed with hall and conventional techniques for primary molars versus restorations such as glass ionomer cement (GIC), composite and amalgam [<span>1</span>]. In order to appropriately plan treatment, teeth need to be assessed for suitability for SSC placement, which includes pre-operative radiographs [<span>2</span>]. Radiographs can be used in the assessment of contraindications to SSC placement [<span>1-3</span>] such as there being no sound band of dentine between carious lesions and the pulp [<span>2</span>] and evidence of radiographic pulpal involvement or infection [<span>3</span>].</p><p>To assess and improve compliance of clinicians within a community dental service in taking preoperative radiographs prior to placing stainless steel crowns.</p><p>UK national clinical guidelines for SSCs advise taking pre-operative radiographs prior to placement on primary molars [<span>1</span>]. This standard has been adapted to account for the patient groups (e.g., pre-cooperative patients) treated in the community dental service where radiographs may not be possible.</p><p>In assessing Question 3, the relevant medical history was reviewed for factors that could have affected the ability to take radiographs, including learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorder and behavioural or mental health conditions. When assessing Question 4, possible written justification for not attempting radiographs included if the patient was a pre-cooperative child or if the teeth being crowned were hypomineralised non-carious teeth.</p><p>Individual clinician data for the first cycle was collected in order to allow for individual feedback to be provided to staff members if required, and this was emailed across if the staff member asked for their data but was anonymised for analysis and presentation of results.</p><p>Data collection for both cycles was conducted using an electronic Audit Management and Tracking (AMAT) proforma. Between the first and second cycle of the audit, an action plan was implemented. A retrospective second cycle audit was conducted between 25 February 2023 and 25 February 2024 using the same methods as the first cycle.</p><p>In the first cycle of the audit, 11 clinicians and 161 crowns were audited, while in the second cycle, 11 clinicians and 174 crowns were audited. The results of both cycles are summarised in Table 1.</p><p>Within the first cycle, there was no relevant medical history noted. Within the second cycle, there were three patients whose medical history was deemed to have contributed to issues with cooperation with radiographs prior to crown placement. Two of these patients had two crowns placed each, leading to a total of five crowns. This involved two crowns placed on a patient with autism, pathological demand avoidance and devel
{"title":"Audit on the Use of Radiographs Prior to Stainless Steel Crown Placement","authors":"Jenna Shah, Caitlin Saunders, Danielle Grady","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stainless steel crowns (SSC) are a valuable restorative option in paediatric patients due to their high clinical effectiveness [<span>1-3</span>]. Literature has suggested reduced failure rates in SSC placed with hall and conventional techniques for primary molars versus restorations such as glass ionomer cement (GIC), composite and amalgam [<span>1</span>]. In order to appropriately plan treatment, teeth need to be assessed for suitability for SSC placement, which includes pre-operative radiographs [<span>2</span>]. Radiographs can be used in the assessment of contraindications to SSC placement [<span>1-3</span>] such as there being no sound band of dentine between carious lesions and the pulp [<span>2</span>] and evidence of radiographic pulpal involvement or infection [<span>3</span>].</p><p>To assess and improve compliance of clinicians within a community dental service in taking preoperative radiographs prior to placing stainless steel crowns.</p><p>UK national clinical guidelines for SSCs advise taking pre-operative radiographs prior to placement on primary molars [<span>1</span>]. This standard has been adapted to account for the patient groups (e.g., pre-cooperative patients) treated in the community dental service where radiographs may not be possible.</p><p>In assessing Question 3, the relevant medical history was reviewed for factors that could have affected the ability to take radiographs, including learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorder and behavioural or mental health conditions. When assessing Question 4, possible written justification for not attempting radiographs included if the patient was a pre-cooperative child or if the teeth being crowned were hypomineralised non-carious teeth.</p><p>Individual clinician data for the first cycle was collected in order to allow for individual feedback to be provided to staff members if required, and this was emailed across if the staff member asked for their data but was anonymised for analysis and presentation of results.</p><p>Data collection for both cycles was conducted using an electronic Audit Management and Tracking (AMAT) proforma. Between the first and second cycle of the audit, an action plan was implemented. A retrospective second cycle audit was conducted between 25 February 2023 and 25 February 2024 using the same methods as the first cycle.</p><p>In the first cycle of the audit, 11 clinicians and 161 crowns were audited, while in the second cycle, 11 clinicians and 174 crowns were audited. The results of both cycles are summarised in Table 1.</p><p>Within the first cycle, there was no relevant medical history noted. Within the second cycle, there were three patients whose medical history was deemed to have contributed to issues with cooperation with radiographs prior to crown placement. Two of these patients had two crowns placed each, leading to a total of five crowns. This involved two crowns placed on a patient with autism, pathological demand avoidance and devel","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 S1","pages":"S70-S72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I have mixed emotions as I write my final BSPD supplement as BSPD honorary editor. As ever, it has been a privilege to see the vibrant culture of sharing best practice in clinical work, quality improvement, and research in our specialty, evidenced in the abstracts for our annual conference and the Quality Improvement Bulletin contained in this supplement. However, I am of course sad to be leaving behind the role of honorary editor of BSPD. I have greatly enjoyed working alongside members of the BSPD executive and council to improve the oral health of children and can now count my executive colleagues as lifelong friends. The role has given me the opportunity to be involved in a great breadth of activity related to paediatric dentistry and meet many amazing people. I wish my successor, Professor Richard Balmer, every success as he takes up the reins and can only hope he enjoys it as much as I have.
The abstracts will be presented at our much anticipated conference, to be held in London, under the leadership of Local Organising Committee chair, Dr Dania Siddik. Dr Ursula Devalia will commence her term as president during the conference which has the theme of ‘Foundations for the Future’, an apt strapline for much of this supplement which shows off some of the new talent and rising stars of our profession, which illustrates a bright future! I would especially like to thank members of the Conference Abstracts and Prizes Committee for their very hard work in reviewing the abstracts and in advance for their judging of the prize competitions as well as Jade Lawson at our conference organisers, Fitwise, for her work in administering all of the abstract processes.
As ever, I am indebted to the editorial team for our Quality Improvement Briefing, under the new leadership of Dr Armaana Ahmad. Armaana and the rest of the QIB team, Dr Laura Timms and Dr Claudia Heggie, have curated an excellent set of articles that will provide inspiration for quality improvement across the United Kingdom and beyond. I hope you enjoy reading the supplement, and thank you to BSPD for the opportunity to serve the speciality over the last 5 years.
{"title":"Editorial BSPD Supplement 2025","authors":"Chris Vernazza","doi":"10.1111/ipd.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>I have mixed emotions as I write my final BSPD supplement as BSPD honorary editor. As ever, it has been a privilege to see the vibrant culture of sharing best practice in clinical work, quality improvement, and research in our specialty, evidenced in the abstracts for our annual conference and the Quality Improvement Bulletin contained in this supplement. However, I am of course sad to be leaving behind the role of honorary editor of BSPD. I have greatly enjoyed working alongside members of the BSPD executive and council to improve the oral health of children and can now count my executive colleagues as lifelong friends. The role has given me the opportunity to be involved in a great breadth of activity related to paediatric dentistry and meet many amazing people. I wish my successor, Professor Richard Balmer, every success as he takes up the reins and can only hope he enjoys it as much as I have.</p><p>The abstracts will be presented at our much anticipated conference, to be held in London, under the leadership of Local Organising Committee chair, Dr Dania Siddik. Dr Ursula Devalia will commence her term as president during the conference which has the theme of ‘Foundations for the Future’, an apt strapline for much of this supplement which shows off some of the new talent and rising stars of our profession, which illustrates a bright future! I would especially like to thank members of the Conference Abstracts and Prizes Committee for their very hard work in reviewing the abstracts and in advance for their judging of the prize competitions as well as Jade Lawson at our conference organisers, Fitwise, for her work in administering all of the abstract processes.</p><p>As ever, I am indebted to the editorial team for our Quality Improvement Briefing, under the new leadership of Dr Armaana Ahmad. Armaana and the rest of the QIB team, Dr Laura Timms and Dr Claudia Heggie, have curated an excellent set of articles that will provide inspiration for quality improvement across the United Kingdom and beyond. I hope you enjoy reading the supplement, and thank you to BSPD for the opportunity to serve the speciality over the last 5 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":14268,"journal":{"name":"International journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"35 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ipd.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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