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Evaluation of Medical Subject Headings assignment in simulated patient articles. 评估模拟病人文章中的医学主题词分配。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae042
Fernanda S Tonin, Luciana G Negrão, Isabela P Meza, Fernando Fernandez-Llimos

Objectives: To evaluate human-based Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) allocation in articles about 'patient simulation'-a technique that mimics real-life patient scenarios with controlled patient responses.

Methods: A validation set of articles indexed before the Medical Text Indexer-Auto implementation (in 2019) was created with 150 combinations potentially referring to 'patient simulation'. Articles were classified into four categories of simulation studies. Allocation of seven MeSH terms (Simulation Training, Patient Simulation, High Fidelity Simulation Training, Computer Simulation, Patient-Specific Modelling, Virtual Reality, and Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy) was investigated. Accuracy metrics (sensitivity, precision, or positive predictive value) were calculated for each category of studies.

Key findings: A set of 7213 articles was obtained from 53 different word combinations, with 2634 excluded as irrelevant. 'Simulated patient' and 'standardized/standardized patient' were the most used terms. The 4579 included articles, published in 1044 different journals, were classified into: 'Machine/Automation' (8.6%), 'Education' (75.9%) and 'Practice audit' (11.4%); 4.1% were 'Unclear'. Articles were indexed with a median of 10 MeSH (IQR 8-13); however, 45.5% were not indexed with any of the seven MeSH terms. Patient Simulation was the most prevalent MeSH (24.0%). Automation articles were more associated with Computer Simulation MeSH (sensitivity = 54.5%; precision = 25.1%), while Education articles were associated with Patient Simulation MeSH (sensitivity = 40.2%; precision = 80.9%). Practice audit articles were also polarized to Patient Simulation MeSH (sensitivity = 34.6%; precision = 10.5%).

Conclusions: Inconsistent use of free-text words related to patient simulation was observed, as well as inaccuracies in human-based MeSH assignments. These limitations can compromise relevant literature retrieval to support evidence synthesis exercises.

目的评估基于人类的医学主题词表(MeSH)在有关 "患者模拟 "的文章中的分配情况:方法:在医学文本索引器-自动实施(2019 年)之前,我们创建了一个文章验证集,其中有 150 个可能涉及 "患者模拟 "的组合。文章被分为四类模拟研究。调查了七个 MeSH 术语(模拟训练、患者模拟、高保真模拟训练、计算机模拟、患者特定模型、虚拟现实和虚拟现实暴露疗法)的分配情况。计算了每类研究的准确度指标(灵敏度、精确度或阳性预测值):从 53 种不同的词语组合中获得了 7213 篇文章,其中 2634 篇因不相关而被排除。模拟患者 "和 "标准化/规范化患者 "是使用最多的词汇。收录的 4579 篇文章发表在 1044 种不同的期刊上,这些文章被分为以下几类机器/自动化"(8.6%)、"教育"(75.9%)和 "实践审核"(11.4%);4.1%为 "不明确"。文章被收录的 MeSH 中位数为 10(IQR 为 8-13);然而,45.5% 的文章没有被收录到七个 MeSH 术语中的任何一个。患者模拟是最常见的 MeSH 术语(24.0%)。自动化文章与计算机模拟 MeSH 的关联度更高(灵敏度 = 54.5%;精确度 = 25.1%),而教育文章与患者模拟 MeSH 的关联度更高(灵敏度 = 40.2%;精确度 = 80.9%)。实践审计文章也与患者模拟 MeSH 有关(灵敏度 = 34.6%;精确度 = 10.5%):结论:观察到与患者模拟相关的自由文本词的使用不一致,以及基于人工的 MeSH 分配不准确。这些局限性可能会影响相关文献的检索,从而无法支持证据合成工作。
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引用次数: 0
Predictors of confidence in research: a cross-sectional survey of pharmacists in the north of England. 研究信心的预测因素:对英格兰北部药剂师的横断面调查。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae037
Franki Wilson, Rebecca Pieniazek, Mike Hodgins, Hazel Jamieson, Jane Brown, Paul Forsyth

Objective: Pharmacist-led research is key to optimizing medicines use and improving pharmacy services, yet it is not yet widely embedded into careers. This study aims to identify predictors of confidence in meeting the research learning outcomes in the Royal Pharmaceutical Society (RPS) Post-Registration Foundation and Core Advanced curricula, to provide targeted recommendations for building research capability and capacity within the profession.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional electronic survey, distributed to eligible pharmacists in March 2023 (n = 253). The survey gathered demographic information, research experience, and self-reported confidence in meeting the research learning outcomes in the RPS Post-Registration Foundation and Core Advanced curricula. Pre-determined independent variables were analysed using two binomial logistic regression models (one per curriculum) to identify predictors of the dichotomous variable: confidence with meeting all research learning outcomes in that curriculum.

Key findings: Participants were more likely to self-report as confident (versus not confident) with meeting all research learning outcomes in a curriculum if they had recent experience (within the previous 12 months) of research or research-related activities, held a postgraduate research qualification, had undertaken research training outside of a postgraduate qualification, discussed research in their appraisal, or worked in the hospital sector. Conversely, male gender, years practicing, and protected time for research did not predict confidence.

Conclusion: A targeted approach, including improving access to research methods training, experience-based learning, mentorship, and linking research projects to key organizational objectives, could be the key to developing research capability and capacity across all sectors and career stages.

目的:以药剂师为主导的研究是优化药物使用和改善药学服务的关键,但它尚未广泛融入药剂师的职业生涯。本研究旨在确定达到英国皇家药剂师协会(RPS)注册后基础和核心高级课程中研究学习成果的信心预测因素,从而为药剂师行业的研究能力建设提供有针对性的建议:该研究是一项横断面电子调查,于 2023 年 3 月分发给符合条件的药剂师(n = 253)。该调查收集了人口统计学信息、研究经验以及对达到注册后药剂师基础课程和核心高级课程中研究学习成果的自述信心。我们使用两个二叉逻辑回归模型(每个课程一个)对预先确定的自变量进行了分析,以确定二分变量的预测因素:对达到该课程所有研究性学习成果的信心:如果参与者最近(过去 12 个月内)有研究或研究相关活动的经历、拥有研究生研究资格、接受过研究生资格以外的研究培训、在评估中讨论过研究或在医院部门工作,那么他们更有可能自我报告对达到课程中的所有研究性学习成果有信心(而不是没有信心)。相反,男性性别、从业年限和受保护的研究时间并不能预测信心:一个有针对性的方法,包括改善研究方法培训、基于经验的学习、导师制以及将研究项目与关键组织目标联系起来,可能是在所有部门和职业阶段发展研究能力的关键。
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引用次数: 0
Normalizing and exploring mistakes through simulation-based education. 通过模拟教育使错误常态化并探索错误。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae034
Samantha Eve Smith, Scott McColgan-Smith, Emma Claire Phillips, Victoria Ruth Tallentire
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引用次数: 0
Challenges to heart failure medication prescribing post-hospitalization. 心力衰竭住院后用药的挑战。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae035
Jiaqi Li, Visopiano Sanyu, Elise Coia, Romaniya Fernando, Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi, Nathan Better, Robert Wojnar

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of heart failure (HF) medication prescribing on discharge post-HF-related admission.

Methods: A retrospective audit was conducted for 216 HF admissions over a period of 6 months; medication data from electronic records were collected for analysis.

Key findings: The prevalence of HF medication prescribing on discharge was: 32.9% (95% confidence interval: 26.6-39.6) renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, 10.6% (6.9-15.6) angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, 31.5% (25.4-38.1) HF-specific beta-blockers, 42.6% (35.9-49.5) aldosterone receptor antagonists, and 11.6% (7.6-16.6) sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors.

Conclusion: HF medication prescribing remains relatively low despite the known benefits and recommendations listed in the guidelines.

目的确定心力衰竭(HF)入院后出院时的用药情况:方法:对 216 例心力衰竭患者在 6 个月内的入院情况进行回顾性审核;收集电子病历中的用药数据进行分析:主要发现:出院时开具高血压药物处方的比例为32.9%(95%置信区间:26.6-39.6)肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统抑制剂,10.6%(6.9-15.6)血管紧张素受体-去甲肾上腺素抑制剂,31.5%(25.4-38.1)高血压特异性β受体阻滞剂,42.6%(35.9-49.5)醛固酮受体拮抗剂,以及11.6%(7.6-16.6)钠-葡萄糖共转运体-2抑制剂:结论:尽管指南中列出了已知的益处和建议,但高血压药物处方仍然相对较少。
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引用次数: 0
Antibiotic prescribing for acute uncomplicated cystitis among community pharmacists in Thailand. 泰国社区药剂师为急性无并发症膀胱炎开具抗生素处方的情况。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae047
Sawitree Laopaiboonkun, Aungkana Chuaychai, Kanitin Yommudee, Polawat Puttasiri, Siriporn Petchluan, Tiwaphon Thongsutt

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of community pharmacists toward acute uncomplicated cystitis regarding diagnosis, referral, and conformity to guidelines of the chosen antibiotic and to identify the associated factors with the pharmacist's knowledge.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey using a questionnaire. Data was collected from 349 community pharmacies in upper southern Thailand between December 2021 and February 2022. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with an inappropriate diagnosis of acute uncomplicated cystitis. The variables with P-value < 0.2 were included in the multivariate model. The statistically significant level was set as P-value < 0.05.

Key findings: Three hundred and forty-nine pharmacists from 349 community pharmacies were included. Approximately 65% and 69% of the participants had the knowledge to identify which patients should be considered for cystitis and which patients should be considered for acute uncomplicated cystitis. Ninety eight percentage of pharmacists could select the appropriate antibiotic for uncomplicated cystitis patients. The most prescribed antibiotics were ciprofloxacin (44.7%), norfloxacin (40.7%), and ofloxacin (10.3%). Inappropriate diagnosis was significantly related to age (P = 0.016) and role in the community pharmacy (P = 0.033).

Conclusion: The majority of participants had misconceptions about the differential diagnosis between complicated and uncomplicated cystitis. These were related to the community pharmacists' advanced age. Continuous pharmacy education should be established to advocate rational antibiotic use, especially in a country where community pharmacists are legally allowed to dispense antimicrobials without a prescription.

研究目的本研究旨在评估社区药剂师对急性无并发症膀胱炎的诊断、转诊和所选抗生素是否符合指南要求等方面的知识,并确定与药剂师知识相关的因素:这是一项描述性横断面调查,采用的是问卷调查法。数据收集于 2021 年 12 月至 2022 年 2 月期间,来自泰国上南部的 349 家社区药房。采用单变量逻辑回归分析评估与急性无并发症膀胱炎诊断不当相关的因素。P值小于0.2的变量被纳入多变量模型。统计学意义水平设定为 P 值小于 0.05:主要研究结果:共纳入了 349 家社区药房的 349 名药剂师。约 65% 和 69% 的参与者具备识别哪些患者应考虑膀胱炎和哪些患者应考虑急性无并发症膀胱炎的知识。98%的药剂师能够为无并发症膀胱炎患者选择合适的抗生素。处方最多的抗生素是环丙沙星(44.7%)、诺氟沙星(40.7%)和氧氟沙星(10.3%)。诊断不当与年龄(P = 0.016)和在社区药房的角色(P = 0.033)有明显关系:结论:大多数参与者对复杂性膀胱炎和非复杂性膀胱炎的鉴别诊断存在误解。结论:大多数参与者对复杂性膀胱炎和非复杂性膀胱炎的鉴别诊断存在误解,这与社区药剂师的高龄有关。应开展持续的药学教育,倡导合理使用抗生素,尤其是在一个允许社区药剂师在没有处方的情况下合法配发抗菌药物的国家。
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引用次数: 0
Retrospective analysis of adverse drug reaction enquiries to a hospital drug information service: lessons to be learned to increase in-hospital drug safety. 对医院药物信息服务机构药物不良反应查询的回顾性分析:提高院内用药安全的经验教训。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae036
Dorothea Strobach, Yvonne Pudritz, Daniela Huttner

Objectives: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major drug safety concern and a frequent topic of enquiries to hospital drug information services. Our goal was to analyse these enquiries regarding background, complexity, nature of ADR, and involved drug classes to improve in-hospital drug safety.

Methods: Retrospectively, ADR enquiries to a German university hospital pharmacy drug information 2018-2022 were analysed regarding enquirer (profession, medical specialty) and enquiry details (drugs, suspected ADR/enquiry prior to drug initiation, ADR system organ class, probable cause identified, and enquiry complexity).

Key findings: Of 543 enquiries, 516 (95%) were asked by physicians, 493 (91%) patient-specific, 390 (71%) on suspected ADRs, and 153 (28%) prior to drug initiation. Enquiries originated frequently from internal medicine (74/13.6%), paediatrics (71/13.1%), neurology (70/12.9%), and haemato-oncology (62/11.4%). Most frequent ADRs were haematologic (94/17%) and hepatic (72/13%). The median number of drugs per enquiry was three (range 0-37), 209 (38%) enquiries referred to one specific drug, 165 (30%) concerned ≥11 drugs. A probable cause for suspected ADRs was identified in 75 (36%) enquiries concerning one drug and 155 (94%) with ≥11 drugs. Most frequent drugs were antineoplastic (54/25.8%), nervous-system-drugs (42/20.1%), and anti-infective (40/19.1%). Most enquiries (342/63%) were complex (multiple/specialist resources).

Conclusions: Enquiries were usually asked by physicians referring to suspected ADRs in specific clinical situations. A probable cause was identified in many cases pointing to a direct positive impact on patient care. Enquiries prior to drug initiation should be encouraged to increase drug safety. Information on main ADR effects and drug classes helps with targeted counselling.

目的:药物不良反应(ADRs)是一个主要的药物安全问题,也是医院药物信息服务部门经常询问的问题。我们的目标是分析这些咨询的背景、复杂性、ADR 的性质以及涉及的药物类别,以改善院内用药安全:回顾性分析了2018-2022年德国一所大学医院药房药物信息的ADR查询,包括查询者(职业、医学专业)和查询详情(药物、用药前疑似ADR/查询、ADR系统器官类别、已确定的可能原因和查询复杂性):在 543 项咨询中,516 项(95%)由医生提出,493 项(91%)针对特定患者,390 项(71%)针对疑似 ADR,153 项(28%)在用药前提出。询问者主要来自内科(74/13.6%)、儿科(71/13.1%)、神经内科(70/12.9%)和血液肿瘤科(62/11.4%)。最常见的不良反应是血液病(94/17%)和肝病(72/13%)。每次询问涉及的药物数量中位数为 3 种(范围 0-37),209 次(38%)询问涉及一种特定药物,165 次(30%)询问涉及的药物数量≥11 种。有 75 项(36%)查询涉及一种药物,有 155 项(94%)查询涉及≥11 种药物,这些查询确定了疑似药物不良反应的可能原因。最常见的药物是抗肿瘤药物(54/25.8%)、神经系统药物(42/20.1%)和抗感染药物(40/19.1%)。大多数查询(342/63%)都很复杂(多种/专家资源):结论:查询通常是由医生在特定临床情况下提出的疑似药物不良反应。在许多情况下都能找到可能的原因,这对患者护理产生了直接的积极影响。应鼓励在用药前进行询问,以提高用药安全性。有关药物不良反应主要影响和药物类别的信息有助于提供有针对性的咨询。
{"title":"Retrospective analysis of adverse drug reaction enquiries to a hospital drug information service: lessons to be learned to increase in-hospital drug safety.","authors":"Dorothea Strobach, Yvonne Pudritz, Daniela Huttner","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major drug safety concern and a frequent topic of enquiries to hospital drug information services. Our goal was to analyse these enquiries regarding background, complexity, nature of ADR, and involved drug classes to improve in-hospital drug safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospectively, ADR enquiries to a German university hospital pharmacy drug information 2018-2022 were analysed regarding enquirer (profession, medical specialty) and enquiry details (drugs, suspected ADR/enquiry prior to drug initiation, ADR system organ class, probable cause identified, and enquiry complexity).</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Of 543 enquiries, 516 (95%) were asked by physicians, 493 (91%) patient-specific, 390 (71%) on suspected ADRs, and 153 (28%) prior to drug initiation. Enquiries originated frequently from internal medicine (74/13.6%), paediatrics (71/13.1%), neurology (70/12.9%), and haemato-oncology (62/11.4%). Most frequent ADRs were haematologic (94/17%) and hepatic (72/13%). The median number of drugs per enquiry was three (range 0-37), 209 (38%) enquiries referred to one specific drug, 165 (30%) concerned ≥11 drugs. A probable cause for suspected ADRs was identified in 75 (36%) enquiries concerning one drug and 155 (94%) with ≥11 drugs. Most frequent drugs were antineoplastic (54/25.8%), nervous-system-drugs (42/20.1%), and anti-infective (40/19.1%). Most enquiries (342/63%) were complex (multiple/specialist resources).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Enquiries were usually asked by physicians referring to suspected ADRs in specific clinical situations. A probable cause was identified in many cases pointing to a direct positive impact on patient care. Enquiries prior to drug initiation should be encouraged to increase drug safety. Information on main ADR effects and drug classes helps with targeted counselling.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mapping medication selling practices at nonpharmacy outlets during the COVID-19 pandemic: an example of Indonesia. 绘制 COVID-19 大流行期间非药房销售点的售药行为图:以印度尼西亚为例。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae033
Yosi Irawati Wibowo, I Gusti Agung Ari Kusuma Yana, Gusti Ayu Putu Laksmi Puspa Sari, Cecilia Brata, Bruce Sunderland, Adji Prayitno Setiadi

Objectives: Nonpharmacy outlets are common medication suppliers in Indonesia, yet little is known regarding their practices. This study aimed to evaluate the medication selling practices occurring in kiosks and minimarkets during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included all minimarkets (N = 101) and a convenience sample of kiosks (a minimum sample size, N = 67) in District X, Indonesia. A validated tool was used to collect data on the characteristics of kiosks/minimarkets and their medication selling practices (i.e. drug management and drug information).

Key findings: A sample of 67 kiosks and 52 minimarkets (response rate 51.5%) consented to participate in this study. Kiosks and minimarkets generally stocked nonprescription drugs, particularly cough and/or common cold products or analgesic-antipyretics; while >90% of kiosks and 15.4% of minimarkets provided prescription medicines. Medications in kiosks and minimarkets were mainly obtained from pharmacies (94.0% vs. 17.0%, respectively) or pharmaceutical wholesale representatives (68.7% vs. 96.0%, respectively). Most minimarkets or kiosks satisfied drug storage standards (100.0% vs. 88.1%, respectively). During the previous week, >80% of kiosks and minimarkets reported purchases of nonprescription drugs, and approximately 5% reported sales of prescription drugs. No drug information was provided by kiosk or minimarket staff.

Conclusions: Minimarkets and kiosks may improve access to basic medications, but no information is provided regarding their use. These outlets should be licensed and policed to ensure the range and quality of drugs, and information provided to the Indonesian community is appropriate.

目的:在印度尼西亚,非药店是常见的药品供应商,但人们对其做法知之甚少。本研究旨在评估 2019 年冠状病毒病流行期间小卖部和小超市的售药行为:横断面研究包括印度尼西亚 X 区的所有小型超市(N = 101)和方便抽样的小卖部(最小样本量 N = 67)。研究使用了一种经过验证的工具来收集有关小卖部/小超市的特点及其药品销售行为(即药品管理和药品信息)的数据:有 67 个小卖部和 52 个小超市(回复率为 51.5%)同意参与本研究。小卖部和小超市一般都备有非处方药,尤其是咳嗽和/或普通感冒药或解热镇痛药;而90%以上的小卖部和15.4%的小超市提供处方药。小卖部和小超市的药品主要来自药房(分别为 94.0% 和 17.0%)或药品批发代表(分别为 68.7% 和 96.0%)。大多数小超市或小卖部都符合药品储存标准(分别为 100.0% 对 88.1%)。在上周,超过 80% 的小卖部和小超市报告购买了非处方药,约 5% 报告销售了处方药。报刊亭或小超市的工作人员均未提供药物信息:结论:小超市和小卖部可以改善基本药物的获取,但没有提供有关其使用的信息。这些销售点应获得许可并受到监管,以确保药品的种类和质量,并向印尼社区提供适当的信息。
{"title":"Mapping medication selling practices at nonpharmacy outlets during the COVID-19 pandemic: an example of Indonesia.","authors":"Yosi Irawati Wibowo, I Gusti Agung Ari Kusuma Yana, Gusti Ayu Putu Laksmi Puspa Sari, Cecilia Brata, Bruce Sunderland, Adji Prayitno Setiadi","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae033","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ijpp/riae033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Nonpharmacy outlets are common medication suppliers in Indonesia, yet little is known regarding their practices. This study aimed to evaluate the medication selling practices occurring in kiosks and minimarkets during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study included all minimarkets (N = 101) and a convenience sample of kiosks (a minimum sample size, N = 67) in District X, Indonesia. A validated tool was used to collect data on the characteristics of kiosks/minimarkets and their medication selling practices (i.e. drug management and drug information).</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>A sample of 67 kiosks and 52 minimarkets (response rate 51.5%) consented to participate in this study. Kiosks and minimarkets generally stocked nonprescription drugs, particularly cough and/or common cold products or analgesic-antipyretics; while >90% of kiosks and 15.4% of minimarkets provided prescription medicines. Medications in kiosks and minimarkets were mainly obtained from pharmacies (94.0% vs. 17.0%, respectively) or pharmaceutical wholesale representatives (68.7% vs. 96.0%, respectively). Most minimarkets or kiosks satisfied drug storage standards (100.0% vs. 88.1%, respectively). During the previous week, >80% of kiosks and minimarkets reported purchases of nonprescription drugs, and approximately 5% reported sales of prescription drugs. No drug information was provided by kiosk or minimarket staff.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Minimarkets and kiosks may improve access to basic medications, but no information is provided regarding their use. These outlets should be licensed and policed to ensure the range and quality of drugs, and information provided to the Indonesian community is appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The relationship between psychological burden and providing assistance with taking medication among caregivers of patients with dementia: a cross-sectional study. 痴呆症患者照顾者的心理负担与协助服药之间的关系:一项横断面研究。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae029
Habuchi Fuga, Erika Yamaoka, Natsuko Ishida, Koji Shitanda, Masako Hashimoto, Ryo Matushita

Objectives: Previous studies have examined the psychological burden of caregivers of patients with dementia. However, although many caregivers struggle to assist patients with dementia with medication management, the relationship between assisting such patients with taking their medicines and the caregiver psychological burden is understudied. Therefore, this study identified the association between caregivers' psychological burden and assisting patients with dementia with taking medication.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among caregivers of patients with dementia in Japan. The survey questionnaire included questions that assessed the symptoms of patients with dementia, their status of taking medication through medication assistance from caregivers, and caregivers' psychological burden using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and the Japanese version of the Perceived Stress Scale.

Key findings: A total of 57 caregivers participated in the study. Higher Kessler Psychological Distress Scale scores were significantly associated with unsuccessful assistance with taking regular medication (β = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.23-12.0, P < .05), depressive symptoms (β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.10-8.53, P < .05), and irritability (β = 0.38, 95% CI: 2.71-11.5, P < .05). Likewise, higher scores on the Japanese version of the Perceived Stress Scale were significantly associated with irritability (β = 0.37, 95% CI: 1.87-12.5, P < .05) among patients with dementia.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that caregiver psychological burden is associated with unsuccessful assistance with taking regular medication for patients with dementia.

研究目的以往的研究曾对痴呆症患者护理者的心理负担进行过调查。然而,尽管许多护理人员都在努力协助痴呆症患者进行药物治疗,但协助这类患者服药与护理人员心理负担之间的关系却未得到充分研究。因此,本研究确定了照顾者的心理负担与协助痴呆症患者服药之间的关系:方法:在日本对痴呆症患者的护理者进行了一项横断面调查。调查问卷的问题包括痴呆症患者的症状、通过护理人员协助服药的情况以及护理人员的心理负担(使用凯斯勒心理压力量表和日语版知觉压力量表):共有 57 名护理人员参与了研究。凯斯勒心理压力量表(Kessler Psychological Distress Scale)得分较高与协助定期服药不成功(β = 0.35,95% 置信区间 [CI]:2.23-12.0,P < .05)、抑郁症状(β = 0.26,95% CI:0.10-8.53,P < .05)和易怒(β = 0.38,95% CI:2.71-11.5,P < .05)显著相关。同样,痴呆症患者在日语版感知压力量表中的得分越高,其烦躁程度越高(β = 0.37,95% CI:1.87-12.5,P < .05):研究结果表明,护理人员的心理负担与未能成功协助痴呆症患者按时服药有关。
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引用次数: 0
Prescription and nonprescription drug misuse and abuse in community pharmacies in Iraq: a cross-sectional survey. 伊拉克社区药房的处方药和非处方药误用和滥用情况:横断面调查。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae045
Jwan B Shammah, Jenny Scott, Mayyada Wazaify

Background: There is little known regarding prescription and nonprescription medicine nonmedical use (abuse and misuse) in Iraq, with limited treatment. Pharmacists could be a valuable source of information in the absence of any national monitoring system.

Aims: This study aimed to explore Iraqi community pharmacists' perspectives on prescription and nonprescription medicine abuse/misuse, including motives for use and how often they encounter people whom they think are misusing or abusing medicines.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken between November 2020 and February 2021. Community pharmacists in Iraq were asked to complete a prepiloted self-administered questionnaire, distributed through online social media platforms.

Results: 300 pharmacists completed the questionnaire. The most commonly reported nonprescription drugs suspected of abuse/misuse were cough and cold medications (n = 80, 26.6%), topical corticosteroids (n = 54, 17.9%), and allergy products (n = 33, 11%). The most common reported prescription drugs suspected of abuse/misuse were systemic antibiotics (n = 111, 36.9%), gabapentinoids (n = 56, 18.6%), and moderate-weak opioids (n = 34, 11.3%). The most commonly method used by pharmacists to limit access to such drugs was responding that the requested medication was unavailable (n = 273, 51.7%), followed by advising on risks (n = 152, 33.2%).

Conclusions: Prescription/nonprescription medicine abuse and misuse are suspected in community pharmacies in Iraq. Current methods for controlling the problem are likely to be ineffective in the absence of prescription drug enforcement. Pharmacists could have a more proactive role in managing this issue, networking with other pharmacists, and referring suspected users to support.

背景:在伊拉克,人们对处方药和非处方药的非医疗使用(滥用和误用)知之甚少,治疗方法也很有限。目的:本研究旨在探讨伊拉克社区药剂师对处方药和非处方药滥用/误用的看法,包括使用动机以及他们遇到他们认为误用或滥用药物者的频率:2020 年 11 月至 2021 年 2 月期间进行了一项横断面调查。伊拉克的社区药剂师被要求填写一份预先试用的自填问卷,问卷通过在线社交媒体平台分发:结果:300 名药剂师完成了问卷调查。最常报告的涉嫌滥用/误用的非处方药是咳嗽和感冒药(80 人,占 26.6%)、外用皮质类固醇(54 人,占 17.9%)和抗过敏产品(33 人,占 11%)。最常见的涉嫌滥用/误用处方药是全身用抗生素(111 人,36.9%)、加巴喷丁类药物(56 人,18.6%)和中度弱阿片类药物(34 人,11.3%)。药剂师最常使用的限制获取此类药物的方法是答复无法提供所需的药物(n = 273,51.7%),其次是告知风险(n = 152,33.2%):结论:伊拉克社区药房存在处方药/非处方药滥用和误用的嫌疑。在没有处方药执法的情况下,目前控制这一问题的方法很可能无效。药剂师可以在管理这一问题方面发挥更积极的作用,与其他药剂师建立联系,并向可疑使用者提供支持。
{"title":"Prescription and nonprescription drug misuse and abuse in community pharmacies in Iraq: a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Jwan B Shammah, Jenny Scott, Mayyada Wazaify","doi":"10.1093/ijpp/riae045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riae045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is little known regarding prescription and nonprescription medicine nonmedical use (abuse and misuse) in Iraq, with limited treatment. Pharmacists could be a valuable source of information in the absence of any national monitoring system.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to explore Iraqi community pharmacists' perspectives on prescription and nonprescription medicine abuse/misuse, including motives for use and how often they encounter people whom they think are misusing or abusing medicines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was undertaken between November 2020 and February 2021. Community pharmacists in Iraq were asked to complete a prepiloted self-administered questionnaire, distributed through online social media platforms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>300 pharmacists completed the questionnaire. The most commonly reported nonprescription drugs suspected of abuse/misuse were cough and cold medications (n = 80, 26.6%), topical corticosteroids (n = 54, 17.9%), and allergy products (n = 33, 11%). The most common reported prescription drugs suspected of abuse/misuse were systemic antibiotics (n = 111, 36.9%), gabapentinoids (n = 56, 18.6%), and moderate-weak opioids (n = 34, 11.3%). The most commonly method used by pharmacists to limit access to such drugs was responding that the requested medication was unavailable (n = 273, 51.7%), followed by advising on risks (n = 152, 33.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prescription/nonprescription medicine abuse and misuse are suspected in community pharmacies in Iraq. Current methods for controlling the problem are likely to be ineffective in the absence of prescription drug enforcement. Pharmacists could have a more proactive role in managing this issue, networking with other pharmacists, and referring suspected users to support.</p>","PeriodicalId":14284,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Resident pharmacist participation in shared medical appointments in palliative care in São Paulo, Brazil: experience and contributions. 驻院药剂师参与巴西圣保罗姑息关怀中的共同医疗预约:经验与贡献。
IF 1.5 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riae025
Charles Henrique Carvalho da Silva, Gustavo Galvão França, Ingrid Alckmin Beltrão Tenório, Inajara Rotta, Ligia Ferreira Gomes, Marília Berlofa Visacri

Objective: To describe the resident pharmacist's participation in Shared Medical Appointments (SMA) in palliative care.

Methods: The resident pharmacist participated in face-to-face SMA with the attending physician, medical and gerontology students, and a nurse.

Key findings: The resident pharmacist supported interdisciplinary discussions and performed pharmaceutical interventions. He helped raise awareness about the effective, safe, and convenient use of medicines, helping improve the quality of life of patients and caregivers.

Conclusions: Providing pharmaceutical care to patients in palliative care helped to improve the quality of clinical services offered to these patients, as well as adding value to resident pharmacists' interprofessional practice.

目的:描述驻院药剂师在姑息治疗中参与共享医疗预约(SMA)的情况:描述驻院药剂师参与姑息治疗共享医疗预约(SMA)的情况:主要发现: 驻院药剂师与主治医师、医学生、老年学学生和一名护士一起参与了面对面的 SMA:主要研究结果:驻院药剂师为跨学科讨论提供了支持,并进行了药物干预。他帮助提高了人们对有效、安全和方便用药的认识,有助于改善患者和护理人员的生活质量:为姑息关怀患者提供药物护理有助于提高为这些患者提供的临床服务质量,同时也为驻院药剂师的跨专业实践增添了价值。
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International Journal of Pharmacy Practice
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