Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462862
Koki Hanawa, T. Imura, N. Abe
The power transmission coils are embedded in the road for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT). However, it has not been discussed conventionally the optimum coil type, material, and construction method embedded in the road. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the electrical characteristics by embedded seven DWPT coils in the road and compared the coil types, coil case materials, and construction methods. As a result, we clarified the changes in the characteristics of the open-end coils before and after embedment. There are two types of coil, short-end coil (conventional) and open-end coil that does not use resonance capacitors. There are four types of coil case materials: polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), ABS, and extruded polystyrene foam (XPS). There are four types of construction methods: RC mesh G-M, earth-retaining plate, stretch film, and cement grout. Electrical characteristics were evaluated by measurements with an impedance analyzer and power transmission experiments of less than 50 W. As a result of the road embedment experiment, even without ferrite and capacitor, the Q factor was nearly 200, and the power of more than 2 kW was obtained at the 91% transmission efficiency at 600 V equivalent value.
{"title":"Basic Evaluation of Electrical Characteristics of Ferrite-less and Capacitor-less Coils by Road Embedment Experiment for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer","authors":"Koki Hanawa, T. Imura, N. Abe","doi":"10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462862","url":null,"abstract":"The power transmission coils are embedded in the road for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT). However, it has not been discussed conventionally the optimum coil type, material, and construction method embedded in the road. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the electrical characteristics by embedded seven DWPT coils in the road and compared the coil types, coil case materials, and construction methods. As a result, we clarified the changes in the characteristics of the open-end coils before and after embedment. There are two types of coil, short-end coil (conventional) and open-end coil that does not use resonance capacitors. There are four types of coil case materials: polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), ABS, and extruded polystyrene foam (XPS). There are four types of construction methods: RC mesh G-M, earth-retaining plate, stretch film, and cement grout. Electrical characteristics were evaluated by measurements with an impedance analyzer and power transmission experiments of less than 50 W. As a result of the road embedment experiment, even without ferrite and capacitor, the Q factor was nearly 200, and the power of more than 2 kW was obtained at the 91% transmission efficiency at 600 V equivalent value.","PeriodicalId":142939,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124027872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/wow51332.2021.9462854
{"title":"[Copyright notice]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/wow51332.2021.9462854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wow51332.2021.9462854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142939,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130164979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462883
Sreyam Sinha, Ashish Kumar, K. Afridi
This paper introduces an analytical approach to optimize the design of immittance matching networks that provide gain and reactive compensation in capacitive wireless power transfer (WPT) systems while maintaining load-independent output current. The proposed approach maximizes the matching network efficiency by identifying the optimal number of matching network stages, and by optimally distributing the overall gain among these stages. Compared to the conventional approach to designing immittance matching networks in capacitive WPT systems, the proposed approach is shown to achieve 82% smaller losses. A 6.78-MHz capacitive WPT prototype utilizing immittance matching networks is designed and built, and the measured network efficiency is shown to match well with analytical predictions.
{"title":"Optimized Design of High-Efficiency Immittance Matching Networks for Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer Systems","authors":"Sreyam Sinha, Ashish Kumar, K. Afridi","doi":"10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462883","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces an analytical approach to optimize the design of immittance matching networks that provide gain and reactive compensation in capacitive wireless power transfer (WPT) systems while maintaining load-independent output current. The proposed approach maximizes the matching network efficiency by identifying the optimal number of matching network stages, and by optimally distributing the overall gain among these stages. Compared to the conventional approach to designing immittance matching networks in capacitive WPT systems, the proposed approach is shown to achieve 82% smaller losses. A 6.78-MHz capacitive WPT prototype utilizing immittance matching networks is designed and built, and the measured network efficiency is shown to match well with analytical predictions.","PeriodicalId":142939,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122577914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462861
Nunzio Pucci, J. Arteaga, P. Mitcheson
This paper presents the development of a test rig for bidirectional 13.56 MHz wireless power using identical back-to-back Class EF converters. Theoretical principles of bi-directional wireless power are described and an operating chart representing the range of admissible complex voltages induced on the active transmit side is introduced. The implementation is achieved by driving the gate signals of two Class EF coil-drivers from a signal generator, allowing the relative phase of the currents in each coil to be controlled. The rig sets a constant input voltage for each of the two coil-drivers by implementing a source-sink configuration, emulating a bidirectional DC-DC conversion stage at each side. This setup can also be used to test for tuning mismatches and different loading conditions in the back-to-back Class EF configuration. Experimental results include bidirectional wireless power transmission of 20 W across a 13.56 MHz link with 6.56% coupling. The combination of low coupling factors and moderate power levels enables new classes of applications that require large air gaps and tolerance to misalignment such as in micro e-mobility. High efficiency can be maintained despite changes in coupling factors and load since active rectification ensures operation at the resonant point in both tanks.
{"title":"Design and Development of a Test Rig for 13.56 MHz IPT Systems with Synchronous Rectification and Bidirectional Capability","authors":"Nunzio Pucci, J. Arteaga, P. Mitcheson","doi":"10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462861","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a test rig for bidirectional 13.56 MHz wireless power using identical back-to-back Class EF converters. Theoretical principles of bi-directional wireless power are described and an operating chart representing the range of admissible complex voltages induced on the active transmit side is introduced. The implementation is achieved by driving the gate signals of two Class EF coil-drivers from a signal generator, allowing the relative phase of the currents in each coil to be controlled. The rig sets a constant input voltage for each of the two coil-drivers by implementing a source-sink configuration, emulating a bidirectional DC-DC conversion stage at each side. This setup can also be used to test for tuning mismatches and different loading conditions in the back-to-back Class EF configuration. Experimental results include bidirectional wireless power transmission of 20 W across a 13.56 MHz link with 6.56% coupling. The combination of low coupling factors and moderate power levels enables new classes of applications that require large air gaps and tolerance to misalignment such as in micro e-mobility. High efficiency can be maintained despite changes in coupling factors and load since active rectification ensures operation at the resonant point in both tanks.","PeriodicalId":142939,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW)","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128606893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462866
Xiayi Huang, Liangzong He
Class E2 topology is attractive for high frequency wireless power transfer (WPT) due to the soft-switching properties of both the power amplifier (PA) and the rectifier. Meanwhile, the efficiency and output power of a Class E2 WPT system depends highly on the coupling coefficient, which is variable in practical applications. The purpose of this paper is to achieve stable and efficient power transfer under varying coupling coefficient by introducing parity-time (PT) symmetry into the Class E2 WPT system. The theoretical analysis based on coupled-mode theory (CMT) shows that the proposed system automatically stabilizes the output power with constant transfer efficiency against the variation of the coupling coefficient. The experimental results indicate that the proposed system can transfer around 40 W of power with an approximately constant system efficiency of 91% over a range of coupling coefficients.
{"title":"Stable and Efficient Class E2 Wireless Power Transfer System Based on Parity-Time Symmetry","authors":"Xiayi Huang, Liangzong He","doi":"10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462866","url":null,"abstract":"Class E2 topology is attractive for high frequency wireless power transfer (WPT) due to the soft-switching properties of both the power amplifier (PA) and the rectifier. Meanwhile, the efficiency and output power of a Class E2 WPT system depends highly on the coupling coefficient, which is variable in practical applications. The purpose of this paper is to achieve stable and efficient power transfer under varying coupling coefficient by introducing parity-time (PT) symmetry into the Class E2 WPT system. The theoretical analysis based on coupled-mode theory (CMT) shows that the proposed system automatically stabilizes the output power with constant transfer efficiency against the variation of the coupling coefficient. The experimental results indicate that the proposed system can transfer around 40 W of power with an approximately constant system efficiency of 91% over a range of coupling coefficients.","PeriodicalId":142939,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125072683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462860
Siyuan Lu, Timo Lämmle, N. Parspour
This paper presents a T-compensation network (TCN) with switch-controlled capacitor (SCC) applied to a wireless power transfer (WPT) system. The control of active power can be achieved only by controlling the SCC without significantly increasing the reactive power demand on the secondary side. First, a generalized design approach of TCN with SCC is derived with a fundamental harmonic approximation (FHA)-based model. This design can reduce the reactive power exchange between the primary and secondary side caused by the power regulation to optimize the system operation. After that, the design method is further modified considering the effect of rectifier load. Simulation and experimental results prove the proposed TCN and its design approach.
{"title":"Analysis and Design of a T-Compensation Network with Switch-Controlled Capacitor for Wireless Power Transfer System","authors":"Siyuan Lu, Timo Lämmle, N. Parspour","doi":"10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WoW51332.2021.9462860","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a T-compensation network (TCN) with switch-controlled capacitor (SCC) applied to a wireless power transfer (WPT) system. The control of active power can be achieved only by controlling the SCC without significantly increasing the reactive power demand on the secondary side. First, a generalized design approach of TCN with SCC is derived with a fundamental harmonic approximation (FHA)-based model. This design can reduce the reactive power exchange between the primary and secondary side caused by the power regulation to optimize the system operation. After that, the design method is further modified considering the effect of rectifier load. Simulation and experimental results prove the proposed TCN and its design approach.","PeriodicalId":142939,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114913397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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