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Recurrent corneal erosion after buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty using barbed thread. 刺线埋线双眼皮成形术后复发性角膜糜烂。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.22
Tian-Ze Huang, Jiu-Zuo Huang, Di Chen
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引用次数: 0
A cross-sectional study of the association between dietary inflammatory index and glaucoma prevalence in a US population. 美国人群饮食炎症指数与青光眼患病率之间关系的横断面研究
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.17
Wen-Li Chen, Li-Xia Zhang

Aim: To assess the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and prevalence of glaucoma among individuals aged 40y and above in the United States.

Methods: Participants were drawn from 2 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2008) for a cross-sectional study. DII was calculated from 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire conducted by experienced researchers and data analyzed in R according to the NHANES user guide, "Stratified Multi-stage Probability Sampling". The relationship between DII and glaucoma was evaluated by multi-factor logistic regression analysis and the existence of a non-linear association examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.

Results: A total of 5359 subjects were included and the cross-sectional analysis weighted to represent the US population of 109 million. DII was elevated in glaucoma patients (P<0.001) and smoking and alcohol use contributed to significant differences (P<0.001). DII correlated negatively with Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 (Spearman rank correlation coefficient, r=-0.49). RCS analysis showed a linear relationship between DII and glaucoma risk (P of non-linear relationship =0.575).

Conclusion: An increased DII is strongly associated with high risk of glaucoma and diet-induced inflammation should be controlled to delay glaucoma progression.

目的:评估美国40岁及以上人群饮食炎症指数(DII)与青光眼患病率之间的关系。方法:从全国健康和营养检查调查(NHANES, 2005-2008)的两个周期中抽取参与者进行横断面研究。DII由经验丰富的研究人员进行24小时膳食回忆问卷,并根据NHANES用户指南“分层多阶段概率抽样”在R中分析数据。通过多因素logistic回归分析评估DII与青光眼之间的关系,并通过限制三次样条(RCS)分析检验是否存在非线性关联。结果:共纳入5359名受试者,横断面分析加权后代表美国1.09亿人口。青光眼患者的DII升高(PPr=-0.49)。RCS分析显示DII与青光眼风险呈线性关系(非线性关系P =0.575)。结论:DII升高与青光眼的高风险密切相关,应控制饮食引起的炎症以延缓青光眼的进展。
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引用次数: 0
Purtscher-like retinopathy associated with COVID-19: a case report. 与COVID-19相关的珀茨样视网膜病变1例报告
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.25
Wen-Bo Liu, Yi Cai, Miao Zhou, Hashimoto Kinji, Ming-Wei Zhao, Xuan Shi
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引用次数: 0
Glaucomatous retinal ganglion cells: death and protection. 青光眼视网膜神经节细胞:死亡与保护。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.20
Na Cui, Jun Jia, Yuan He

Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration, with the characteristic pathological change being death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which ultimately causes visual field loss and irreversible blindness. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the most important risk factor for glaucoma, but the exact mechanism responsible for the death of RGCs is currently unknown. Neurotrophic factor deficiency, impaired mitochondrial structure and function, disrupted axonal transport, disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis, and activation of apoptotic and autophagic pathways play important roles in RGC death in glaucoma. This review was conducted using Web of Science, PubMed, Project, and other databases to summarize the relevant mechanisms of death of RGCs in glaucoma, in addition to outlining protective treatments to improve the degradation of RGCs.

青光眼是一组以视神经进行性变性为特征的疾病,其特征性病理变化为视网膜神经节细胞(RGCs)死亡,最终导致视野丧失和不可逆失明。眼压升高仍然是青光眼最重要的危险因素,但导致RGCs死亡的确切机制目前尚不清楚。神经营养因子缺乏、线粒体结构和功能受损、轴突运输中断、Ca2+稳态紊乱以及凋亡和自噬途径的激活在青光眼RGC死亡中起重要作用。本综述利用Web of Science、PubMed、Project等数据库,总结了青光眼rgc死亡的相关机制,并概述了改善rgc降解的保护性治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Topographic factors associated with anterior chamber angle narrowing in patients with keratoconus. 圆锥角膜患者前房角狭窄与地形因素的关系。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.07
Hamed Soltan-Dehghan, Abdollah Farzaneh, Hassan Hashemi, Payam Nabovati, Mehdi Khabazkhoob

Aim: To identify topographic determinants of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) in patients with keratoconus (KCN).

Methods: Four hundred and ten eyes of 294 patients with KCN were recruited for this study. First, complete ocular examinations were performed for all patients, including visual acuity measurement, refraction, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Then, all participants underwent corneal imaging by the Oculus Pentacam HR.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 32.40±8.52y (15-60y) and 69.5% of them were male. The mean ACA was 38.47°±5.75° (range: 14.40° to 56.50°) in the whole sample, 38.24°±6.00° in males, and 38.98°±5.11° in females (P=0.447). The mean ACA was significantly different among different groups of cone morphology, as patients with nipple cones showed the lowest mean ACA. Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in the mean ACA among different groups of cone locations, with patients having central cones exhibiting the lowest mean ACA (P<0.001). Anterior and posterior Q values were significantly, directly correlated with ACA (anterior Q: r=0.122, P=0.014, posterior Q: r=0.192, P<0.001).

Conclusion: This study provides critical insights into the risk factors for ACA narrowing in KCN patients, which is essential for planning intraocular surgeries. Patients with nipple and central cones exhibited the most significant ACA narrowing. Additionally, more negative Q-values are associated with increased ACA narrowing, highlighting the need for targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

目的:探讨圆锥角膜(KCN)患者前房角(ACA)的地形决定因素。方法:选取294例KCN患者410只眼作为研究对象。首先,对所有患者进行完整的眼部检查,包括视力测量、屈光和裂隙灯生物显微镜检查。然后,所有参与者都接受了Oculus Pentacam HR的角膜成像。结果:参与者平均年龄32.40±8.52岁(15 ~ 60岁),男性占69.5%。整个样本的平均ACA为38.47°±5.75°(范围:14.40°~ 56.50°),男性为38.24°±6.00°,女性为38.98°±5.11°(P=0.447)。不同视锥形态组的平均ACA差异有统计学意义,乳头视锥患者的平均ACA最低。此外,不同视锥位置组的平均ACA差异有统计学意义,中心视锥患者的平均ACA最低(Pr=0.122, P=0.014,后验Q: r=0.192, P)。结论:本研究为KCN患者的ACA变窄的危险因素提供了重要的见解,这对计划眼内手术至关重要。乳头和中央锥的患者表现出最显著的ACA狭窄。此外,更多的负q值与ACA变窄增加相关,强调需要有针对性的诊断和治疗策略。
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引用次数: 0
Neurodegeneration and choroidal vascular features on OCT in the progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration. 神经变性和脉络膜血管的OCT特征进展到晚期老年性黄斑变性。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.12
Inês Costa, Ana Carvalho, Helton Andrade, Bruno Pereira, Pedro Camacho

Aim: To quantify and compare longitudinal thickness changes of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and the choroid in patients with different patterns of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) progression.

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of anonymized data from participants aged 50y or more and diagnosed with early/intermediate AMD in at least one eye (with no evidence of advanced AMD). A total of 64 participants were included from the Instituto de Retina de Lisboa (IRL) study (IPL/2022/MetAllAMD_ESTeSL) and divided into 4 groups according to the Rotterdam classification for AMD. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to assess and quantify GCC and choroid thickness at two time points (first visit vs last visit) with a minimum interval of 3y.

Results: In the GCC inner ring, a thinner thickness (P=0.001) was observed in the atrophic AMD group (51.3±21.4 µm) compared to the early AMD (84.3±11.5 µm), intermediate AMD (77.6±16.1 µm) and neovascular AMD (88.9±16.3 µm) groups. Choroidal thickness quantification showed a generalized reduction in the central circle (P=0.002) and inner ring (P=0.001). Slight reductions in retinal thickness were more accentuated in the inner ring in the atrophic AMD (-13%; P<0.01).

Conclusion: The variation of the analyzed structures could be an indicator of risk of progression with neurodegenerative (GCC) or vascular (choroid) pattern in the intermediate and atrophic AMD. The quantification of both structures can provide important information about the risk of disease progression in the early and intermediate stages but also for the evolution pattern into late stages (atrophic or neovascular).

目的:定量比较不同年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)进展模式患者神经节细胞复合体(GCC)和脉络膜的纵向厚度变化。方法:回顾性队列分析匿名数据,这些数据来自年龄在50岁或以上、至少一只眼睛被诊断为早期/中期AMD(无晚期AMD证据)的参与者。共有64名参与者来自里斯本视网膜研究所(IRL)研究(IPL/2022/MetAllAMD_ESTeSL),并根据AMD的鹿特丹分类分为4组。光谱域光学相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)用于评估和量化两个时间点(首次就诊与最后一次就诊)的GCC和脉络膜厚度,最小间隔为3y。结果:萎缩性AMD组GCC内环厚度(51.3±21.4µm)较早期AMD组(84.3±11.5µm)、中期AMD组(77.6±16.1µm)和新生血管性AMD组(88.9±16.3µm)薄(P=0.001)。脉络膜厚度量化显示中心环(P=0.002)和内环(P=0.001)普遍减少。在萎缩性AMD中,视网膜厚度的轻微减少在内环中更为突出(-13%;结论:所分析的结构变化可能是中度和萎缩性AMD进展为神经退行性(GCC)或血管(脉络膜)模式的风险指标。这两种结构的量化可以提供早期和中期疾病进展风险的重要信息,也可以提供晚期(萎缩或新生血管)的进化模式。
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引用次数: 0
IL-17A mediates inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelial cells injury via ERK signaling pathway. IL-17A通过ERK信号通路介导炎症相关视网膜色素上皮细胞损伤。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.03
Hui-Min Zhong, Bing-Qiao Shen, Yu-Hong Chen, Xiao-Huan Zhao, Xiao-Xu Huang, Min-Wen Zhou, Xiao-Dong Sun

Aim: To investigate whether interleukin-17A (IL-17A) gets involved in the mechanisms of inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells injury and its significance in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Mrthods: A sodium iodate (NaIO3) mouse model as well as IL-17A -/- mice were established. The effects of inflammatory cytokines in RPE cells and retinal microglia before and after NaIO3 modeling in vivo and in vitro, were investigated using immunofluorescence, immunoprotein blotting, and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Interventions using recombinant IL-17A protein (rIL-17A) or IL-17A neutralizing antibody (IL-17A NAb) were used to observe the subsequent differences in fundus, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), cell viability, and expression of oxidative stress-related markers before and after modeling, and to screen for key signaling pathways.

Results: In the scenario of NaIO3 stimulation, RPE cells obviously tended to degenerate. Simultaneously proliferation and activation of retinal microglia was confirmed in NaIO3-stimulated mice, whereas such effects induced by NaIO3 were significantly ameliorated with IL-17A NAb intervention or in IL-17A -/- mice. In addition, IL-17A promoted the proliferation and activation of microglia as well as oxidative damage and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines alongside NaIO3-induced damage in RPE cells in vivo and ex vivo. Meanwhile, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway was shown to be participated in the regulation of NaIO3-induced RPE cells injury mediated by IL-17A in vivo and ex vivo, as IL-17A-induced inflammatory cytokines release in the NaIO3 model was alleviated after blocking the ERK pathway.

Conclusion: IL-17A probably promotes the NaIO3-induced RPE cells injury through exacerbating inflammation in terms of retinal microglia activation and inflammatory cytokines release via ERK signaling pathway. Inhibition of IL-17A may be a new potential target for dry AMD treatment.

目的:探讨白细胞介素- 17a (IL-17A)是否参与炎症相关性视网膜色素上皮(RPE)细胞损伤的机制及其在年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)中的意义。方法:建立碘酸钠(NaIO3)小鼠模型和IL-17A -/-小鼠模型。采用免疫荧光法、免疫蛋白印迹法和定量实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)技术,分别观察NaIO3在体内和体外建模前后RPE细胞和视网膜小胶质细胞中炎症因子的影响。采用重组IL-17A蛋白(IL-17A)或IL-17A中和抗体(IL-17A NAb)进行干预,观察建模前后眼底、眼底摄影和光学相干断层扫描(OCT)、细胞活力和氧化应激相关标志物表达的差异,并筛选关键信号通路。结果:在NaIO3刺激下,RPE细胞有明显的退化倾向。同时,NaIO3刺激小鼠视网膜小胶质细胞的增殖和活化得到证实,而IL-17A NAb干预或IL-17A -/-小鼠的NaIO3诱导的这种作用显着改善。此外,IL-17A在体内和离体均促进了小胶质细胞的增殖和活化,以及naio3诱导的RPE细胞氧化损伤和炎性细胞因子的分泌。同时,细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK)信号通路在体内和体外均参与IL-17A介导的NaIO3诱导的RPE细胞损伤的调控,IL-17A诱导的NaIO3模型炎症细胞因子释放在阻断ERK通路后得到缓解。结论:IL-17A可能通过ERK信号通路激活视网膜小胶质细胞并释放炎症因子,从而加重炎症,促进naio3诱导的RPE细胞损伤。抑制IL-17A可能是干性AMD治疗的一个新的潜在靶点。
{"title":"IL-17A mediates inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelial cells injury <i>via</i> ERK signaling pathway.","authors":"Hui-Min Zhong, Bing-Qiao Shen, Yu-Hong Chen, Xiao-Huan Zhao, Xiao-Xu Huang, Min-Wen Zhou, Xiao-Dong Sun","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate whether interleukin-17A (IL-17A) gets involved in the mechanisms of inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells injury and its significance in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).</p><p><strong>Mrthods: </strong>A sodium iodate (NaIO<sub>3</sub>) mouse model as well as <i>IL-17A</i> <sup>-/-</sup> mice were established. The effects of inflammatory cytokines in RPE cells and retinal microglia before and after NaIO<sub>3</sub> modeling <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>, were investigated using immunofluorescence, immunoprotein blotting, and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Interventions using recombinant IL-17A protein (rIL-17A) or IL-17A neutralizing antibody (IL-17A NAb) were used to observe the subsequent differences in fundus, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), cell viability, and expression of oxidative stress-related markers before and after modeling, and to screen for key signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the scenario of NaIO<sub>3</sub> stimulation, RPE cells obviously tended to degenerate. Simultaneously proliferation and activation of retinal microglia was confirmed in NaIO<sub>3</sub>-stimulated mice, whereas such effects induced by NaIO<sub>3</sub> were significantly ameliorated with IL-17A NAb intervention or in <i>IL-17A</i> <sup>-/-</sup> mice. In addition, IL-17A promoted the proliferation and activation of microglia as well as oxidative damage and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines alongside NaIO<sub>3</sub>-induced damage in RPE cells <i>in vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i>. Meanwhile, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway was shown to be participated in the regulation of NaIO<sub>3</sub>-induced RPE cells injury mediated by IL-17A <i>in vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i>, as IL-17A-induced inflammatory cytokines release in the NaIO<sub>3</sub> model was alleviated after blocking the ERK pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IL-17A probably promotes the NaIO<sub>3</sub>-induced RPE cells injury through exacerbating inflammation in terms of retinal microglia activation and inflammatory cytokines release <i>via</i> ERK signaling pathway. Inhibition of IL-17A may be a new potential target for dry AMD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"15-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new tube chamber system for evaluation of anterior chamber pressure during phacoemulsification tested in porcine eyes. 猪眼超声乳化术中评估前房压力的新型管室系统。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.02
Fumiaki Higashijima, Makoto Hatano, Manami Ohta, Tadahiko Ogata, Takuya Yoshimoto, Atsushige Ashimori, Makiko Wakuta, Kazuhiro Kimura

Aim: To measure the optimal anterior chamber pressure (ACP) for safe phacoemulsification using a new tube chamber system with internal pressure measurement function in the porcine eye.

Methods: The 20-gauge and 21-gauge straight tips with yellow and orange sleeves, respectively, were covered by a test chamber combined with a pressure sensor for measuring ACP. This was measured for 20s from 10s after starting aspiration in the linear mode using vacuum levels of 200 and 150 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, and 300 and 250 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip. Using a porcine eye, a pressure sensor fixed with a 0.9 mm corneal incision measured ACP. For the posterior capsule contact assay, porcine eyes were treated as described above, and the ultrasonic needle tip was held at the height of the iris and aspirated for 30s in linear mode at a vacuum of 200 and 150 mm Hg for the 20-gauge tip, and 300 and 250 mm Hg for the 21-gauge tip. The bottle height at which the posterior capsule accidentally contacted the ultrasonic tip was recorded, and the estimated ACP was calculated.

Results: The internal pressure of the new tube chamber system and ACP from the porcine eye closely matched proportional changes at vacuum levels of 200 and 150 mm Hg with 20-gauge tips. Similarly, proportional changes at vacuum levels of 300 and 250 mm Hg with the 21-gauge tip were nearly equal. The bottle height at which the posterior capsule contacted with the tip and estimated ACP were 57.5±12.6 cm (20.2±7.9 mm Hg) at 200 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, 35.0±10.0 cm (16.6±6.3 mm Hg) at 150 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, 47.5±12.6 cm (18.7±8.7 mm Hg) at 300 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip, and 32.5±5.0 cm (15.7±3.5 mm Hg) at 250 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip.

Conclusion: A comprehensive understanding of this chamber system's characteristics and usage can resolve anterior chamber instability caused by changing preoperative settings on the phaco machine.

目的:利用具有内压测量功能的新型猪眼管腔系统测量安全超声乳化术的最佳前房压(ACP)。方法:用带压力传感器的试验箱覆盖20规和21规直尖,分别采用黄色和橙色套筒。这是在线性模式下开始抽吸后的20s和10s内测量的,使用真空水平为200和150毫米汞柱,使用20规格的尖端,使用300和250毫米汞柱,使用21规格的尖端。使用猪眼,将压力传感器固定在0.9 mm角膜切口处测量ACP。对于后囊接触试验,猪眼按照上述方法进行处理,超声针尖保持在虹膜高度,以线性方式抽吸30秒,20号针尖的真空度为200和150毫米汞柱,21号针尖的真空度为300和250毫米汞柱。记录后囊意外接触超声尖端时的瓶高,并计算预估ACP。结果:新型管腔系统的内压与猪眼ACP在200和150 mm Hg真空水平下的比例变化非常接近。同样,在真空水平为300毫米汞柱和250毫米汞柱时,21规格尖端的比例变化几乎相等。后囊与尖端接触的瓶高和估计ACP分别为:200mm Hg时57.5±12.6 cm(20.2±7.9 mm Hg), 20mm Hg时150mm Hg时35.0±10.0 cm(16.6±6.3 mm Hg), 300mm Hg时47.5±12.6 cm(18.7±8.7 mm Hg), 21规格尖端时250mm Hg时32.5±5.0 cm(15.7±3.5 mm Hg)。结论:全面了解该前房系统的特点和使用方法,可以解决由于术前设置改变导致的前房不稳定问题。
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引用次数: 0
Retinal capillary density among healthy Egyptian and South Asian students: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. 健康埃及和南亚学生视网膜毛细血管密度:光学相干断层扫描血管造影研究。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.13
Abdussalam M Abdullatif, Alimulhaq Mohammad Moamnlhaq, Tamer A Macky, Noha Ahmed Edris

Aim: To compare the macular and optic nerve perfusion and vascular architecture using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in normal eyes of Egyptian (Caucasians) and South Asian (Asians) volunteers.

Methods: Cross-sectional analytical OCTA study performed on 90 eyes of South Asian (n=45) and Egyptians (n=45) were analyzed. All participants underwent best-corrected visual acuity test, slit lamp, and fundus examination. OCTA images; macular 6×6 mm2 grid and optic nerve 4.5×4.5 mm2 grid were used to examine the parafoveal and peripapillary regions, respectively.

Results: The mean capillary vessel density (CVD) in macular sectors among South Asians and Egyptians participants were (50.31%±2.53%, 51.2%±5.93%) and (49.71%±3.6%, 51.94%±4.79%) in superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP), respectively (P>0.05). Mean CVD in both groups was higher in DCP compared to SCP in all sectors but was not significant (P>0.05). Mean foveal CVD increases with an increase in central retinal thickness in both SCP and DCP (P<0.001), among both groups. Mean area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was 0.28±0.09 and 0.27±0.08 mm2 in South Asian and Egyptians, respectively. FAZ area decreases with an increase in the thickness and foveal CVD (P<0.001). Mean CVD in the peripapillary area was 48.23%±5.78% in South Asian and 49.52%±2.38% in Egyptian volunteers. The mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was found to be higher in the nasal quadrant among South Asian females than the Egyptian females (P<0.05).

Conclusion: No significant racial disparity is found in this study. The findings are helpful for assessing and improving the normative data on the differences in South Asian and Egyptian populations.

目的:比较埃及(高加索)和南亚(亚洲)志愿者正常眼黄斑和视神经灌注和血管结构的光学相干断层扫描血管造影(OCTA)。方法:对南亚(n=45)和埃及(n=45) 90只眼进行横断面分析OCTA研究。所有参与者均接受最佳矫正视力测试、裂隙灯和眼底检查。八面体图像;黄斑6×6 mm2网格和视神经4.5×4.5 mm2网格分别检测中央凹旁和乳头周围区域。结果:南亚和埃及受试者黄斑区毛细血管密度(CVD)的平均值分别为(50.31%±2.53%,51.2%±5.93%)和(49.71%±3.6%,51.94%±4.79%)浅部(SCP)和深部(DCP)毛细血管丛(P>0.05)。两组患者DCP的平均CVD均高于SCP,但差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)。在南亚和埃及的SCP和DCP (P2)患者中,平均中央凹CVD分别随着中央视网膜厚度的增加而增加。FAZ面积随厚度和CVD的增加而减小。结论:本研究未发现明显的种族差异。这些发现有助于评估和改进关于南亚和埃及人口差异的规范性数据。
{"title":"Retinal capillary density among healthy Egyptian and South Asian students: an optical coherence tomography angiography study.","authors":"Abdussalam M Abdullatif, Alimulhaq Mohammad Moamnlhaq, Tamer A Macky, Noha Ahmed Edris","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the macular and optic nerve perfusion and vascular architecture using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in normal eyes of Egyptian (Caucasians) and South Asian (Asians) volunteers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional analytical OCTA study performed on 90 eyes of South Asian (<i>n</i>=45) and Egyptians (<i>n</i>=45) were analyzed. All participants underwent best-corrected visual acuity test, slit lamp, and fundus examination. OCTA images; macular 6×6 mm<sup>2</sup> grid and optic nerve 4.5×4.5 mm<sup>2</sup> grid were used to examine the parafoveal and peripapillary regions, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean capillary vessel density (CVD) in macular sectors among South Asians and Egyptians participants were (50.31%±2.53%, 51.2%±5.93%) and (49.71%±3.6%, 51.94%±4.79%) in superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP), respectively (<i>P</i>>0.05). Mean CVD in both groups was higher in DCP compared to SCP in all sectors but was not significant (<i>P</i>>0.05). Mean foveal CVD increases with an increase in central retinal thickness in both SCP and DCP (<i>P</i><0.001), among both groups. Mean area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was 0.28±0.09 and 0.27±0.08 mm<sup>2</sup> in South Asian and Egyptians, respectively. FAZ area decreases with an increase in the thickness and foveal CVD (<i>P</i><0.001). Mean CVD in the peripapillary area was 48.23%±5.78% in South Asian and 49.52%±2.38% in Egyptian volunteers. The mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was found to be higher in the nasal quadrant among South Asian females than the Egyptian females (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No significant racial disparity is found in this study. The findings are helpful for assessing and improving the normative data on the differences in South Asian and Egyptian populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"111-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing the possibility of using large language models in ocular surface diseases. 评估在眼表疾病中使用大语言模型的可能性。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.01
Qian Ling, Zi-Song Xu, Yan-Mei Zeng, Qi Hong, Xian-Zhe Qian, Jin-Yu Hu, Chong-Gang Pei, Hong Wei, Jie Zou, Cheng Chen, Xiao-Yu Wang, Xu Chen, Zhen-Kai Wu, Yi Shao

Aim: To assess the possibility of using different large language models (LLMs) in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surface diseases: ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, Claude 2, PaLM2, and SenseNova.

Methods: A group of experienced ophthalmology professors were asked to develop a 100-question single-choice question on ocular surface diseases designed to assess the performance of LLMs and human participants in answering ophthalmology specialty exam questions. The exam includes questions on the following topics: keratitis disease (20 questions), keratoconus, keratomalaciac, corneal dystrophy, corneal degeneration, erosive corneal ulcers, and corneal lesions associated with systemic diseases (20 questions), conjunctivitis disease (20 questions), trachoma, pterygoid and conjunctival tumor diseases (20 questions), and dry eye disease (20 questions). Then the total score of each LLMs and compared their mean score, mean correlation, variance, and confidence were calculated.

Results: GPT-4 exhibited the highest performance in terms of LLMs. Comparing the average scores of the LLMs group with the four human groups, chief physician, attending physician, regular trainee, and graduate student, it was found that except for ChatGPT-4, the total score of the rest of the LLMs is lower than that of the graduate student group, which had the lowest score in the human group. Both ChatGPT-4 and PaLM2 were more likely to give exact and correct answers, giving very little chance of an incorrect answer. ChatGPT-4 showed higher credibility when answering questions, with a success rate of 59%, but gave the wrong answer to the question 28% of the time.

Conclusion: GPT-4 model exhibits excellent performance in both answer relevance and confidence. PaLM2 shows a positive correlation (up to 0.8) in terms of answer accuracy during the exam. In terms of answer confidence, PaLM2 is second only to GPT4 and surpasses Claude 2, SenseNova, and GPT-3.5. Despite the fact that ocular surface disease is a highly specialized discipline, GPT-4 still exhibits superior performance, suggesting that its potential and ability to be applied in this field is enormous, perhaps with the potential to be a valuable resource for medical students and clinicians in the future.

目的:通过选择ChatGPT-4、ChatGPT-3.5、Claude 2、PaLM2和SenseNova五种不同的大语言模型(LLMs)来测试它们在回答与眼表疾病相关的专业问题时的准确性,评估在眼表疾病中使用不同大语言模型(LLMs)的可能性。方法:一组经验丰富的眼科学教授被要求编写一份100道关于眼表疾病的单选题,旨在评估法学硕士和人类参与者在回答眼科学专业考试问题方面的表现。考试题目包括以下主题:角膜炎疾病(20道题)、圆锥角膜、角膜炎、角膜营养不良、角膜变性、糜烂性角膜溃疡和与全身疾病相关的角膜病变(20道题)、结膜炎疾病(20道题)、沙眼、翼状和结膜肿瘤疾病(20道题)和干眼病(20道题)。然后计算各llm的总分,并比较其平均分、平均相关性、方差和置信度。结果:GPT-4在LLMs方面表现出最高的性能。将LLMs组的平均得分与主任医师、主治医师、普通实习生和研究生四组人类的平均得分进行比较,发现除了ChatGPT-4外,其余LLMs的总分都低于研究生组,研究生组在人类组中得分最低。ChatGPT-4和PaLM2都更有可能给出准确和正确的答案,给出错误答案的可能性很小。ChatGPT-4在回答问题时表现出更高的可信度,成功率为59%,但错误答案的比例为28%。结论:GPT-4模型在答案相关性和置信度方面均表现优异。PaLM2在考试期间的答案准确性方面显示出正相关(高达0.8)。在回答可信度方面,PaLM2仅次于GPT4,超过了Claude 2、SenseNova、GPT-3.5。尽管眼表疾病是一门高度专业化的学科,但GPT-4仍然表现出优越的性能,这表明它在这一领域的应用潜力和能力是巨大的,也许未来有可能成为医学生和临床医生的宝贵资源。
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International journal of ophthalmology
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