Pub Date : 2025-01-18eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.22
Tian-Ze Huang, Jiu-Zuo Huang, Di Chen
{"title":"Recurrent corneal erosion after buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty using barbed thread.","authors":"Tian-Ze Huang, Jiu-Zuo Huang, Di Chen","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"178-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.17
Wen-Li Chen, Li-Xia Zhang
Aim: To assess the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and prevalence of glaucoma among individuals aged 40y and above in the United States.
Methods: Participants were drawn from 2 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2008) for a cross-sectional study. DII was calculated from 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire conducted by experienced researchers and data analyzed in R according to the NHANES user guide, "Stratified Multi-stage Probability Sampling". The relationship between DII and glaucoma was evaluated by multi-factor logistic regression analysis and the existence of a non-linear association examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.
Results: A total of 5359 subjects were included and the cross-sectional analysis weighted to represent the US population of 109 million. DII was elevated in glaucoma patients (P<0.001) and smoking and alcohol use contributed to significant differences (P<0.001). DII correlated negatively with Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 (Spearman rank correlation coefficient, r=-0.49). RCS analysis showed a linear relationship between DII and glaucoma risk (P of non-linear relationship =0.575).
Conclusion: An increased DII is strongly associated with high risk of glaucoma and diet-induced inflammation should be controlled to delay glaucoma progression.
{"title":"A cross-sectional study of the association between dietary inflammatory index and glaucoma prevalence in a US population.","authors":"Wen-Li Chen, Li-Xia Zhang","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and prevalence of glaucoma among individuals aged 40y and above in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were drawn from 2 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2008) for a cross-sectional study. DII was calculated from 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire conducted by experienced researchers and data analyzed in R according to the NHANES user guide, \"Stratified Multi-stage Probability Sampling\". The relationship between DII and glaucoma was evaluated by multi-factor logistic regression analysis and the existence of a non-linear association examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5359 subjects were included and the cross-sectional analysis weighted to represent the US population of 109 million. DII was elevated in glaucoma patients (<i>P</i><0.001) and smoking and alcohol use contributed to significant differences (<i>P</i><0.001). DII correlated negatively with Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 (Spearman rank correlation coefficient, <i>r</i>=-0.49). RCS analysis showed a linear relationship between DII and glaucoma risk (<i>P</i> of non-linear relationship =0.575).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An increased DII is strongly associated with high risk of glaucoma and diet-induced inflammation should be controlled to delay glaucoma progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.25
Wen-Bo Liu, Yi Cai, Miao Zhou, Hashimoto Kinji, Ming-Wei Zhao, Xuan Shi
{"title":"Purtscher-like retinopathy associated with COVID-19: a case report.","authors":"Wen-Bo Liu, Yi Cai, Miao Zhou, Hashimoto Kinji, Ming-Wei Zhao, Xuan Shi","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"187-189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.20
Na Cui, Jun Jia, Yuan He
Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration, with the characteristic pathological change being death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which ultimately causes visual field loss and irreversible blindness. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the most important risk factor for glaucoma, but the exact mechanism responsible for the death of RGCs is currently unknown. Neurotrophic factor deficiency, impaired mitochondrial structure and function, disrupted axonal transport, disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis, and activation of apoptotic and autophagic pathways play important roles in RGC death in glaucoma. This review was conducted using Web of Science, PubMed, Project, and other databases to summarize the relevant mechanisms of death of RGCs in glaucoma, in addition to outlining protective treatments to improve the degradation of RGCs.
青光眼是一组以视神经进行性变性为特征的疾病,其特征性病理变化为视网膜神经节细胞(RGCs)死亡,最终导致视野丧失和不可逆失明。眼压升高仍然是青光眼最重要的危险因素,但导致RGCs死亡的确切机制目前尚不清楚。神经营养因子缺乏、线粒体结构和功能受损、轴突运输中断、Ca2+稳态紊乱以及凋亡和自噬途径的激活在青光眼RGC死亡中起重要作用。本综述利用Web of Science、PubMed、Project等数据库,总结了青光眼rgc死亡的相关机制,并概述了改善rgc降解的保护性治疗。
{"title":"Glaucomatous retinal ganglion cells: death and protection.","authors":"Na Cui, Jun Jia, Yuan He","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration, with the characteristic pathological change being death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which ultimately causes visual field loss and irreversible blindness. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the most important risk factor for glaucoma, but the exact mechanism responsible for the death of RGCs is currently unknown. Neurotrophic factor deficiency, impaired mitochondrial structure and function, disrupted axonal transport, disturbed Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis, and activation of apoptotic and autophagic pathways play important roles in RGC death in glaucoma. This review was conducted using Web of Science, PubMed, Project, and other databases to summarize the relevant mechanisms of death of RGCs in glaucoma, in addition to outlining protective treatments to improve the degradation of RGCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.07
Hamed Soltan-Dehghan, Abdollah Farzaneh, Hassan Hashemi, Payam Nabovati, Mehdi Khabazkhoob
Aim: To identify topographic determinants of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) in patients with keratoconus (KCN).
Methods: Four hundred and ten eyes of 294 patients with KCN were recruited for this study. First, complete ocular examinations were performed for all patients, including visual acuity measurement, refraction, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Then, all participants underwent corneal imaging by the Oculus Pentacam HR.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 32.40±8.52y (15-60y) and 69.5% of them were male. The mean ACA was 38.47°±5.75° (range: 14.40° to 56.50°) in the whole sample, 38.24°±6.00° in males, and 38.98°±5.11° in females (P=0.447). The mean ACA was significantly different among different groups of cone morphology, as patients with nipple cones showed the lowest mean ACA. Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in the mean ACA among different groups of cone locations, with patients having central cones exhibiting the lowest mean ACA (P<0.001). Anterior and posterior Q values were significantly, directly correlated with ACA (anterior Q: r=0.122, P=0.014, posterior Q: r=0.192, P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study provides critical insights into the risk factors for ACA narrowing in KCN patients, which is essential for planning intraocular surgeries. Patients with nipple and central cones exhibited the most significant ACA narrowing. Additionally, more negative Q-values are associated with increased ACA narrowing, highlighting the need for targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
{"title":"Topographic factors associated with anterior chamber angle narrowing in patients with keratoconus.","authors":"Hamed Soltan-Dehghan, Abdollah Farzaneh, Hassan Hashemi, Payam Nabovati, Mehdi Khabazkhoob","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify topographic determinants of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) in patients with keratoconus (KCN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four hundred and ten eyes of 294 patients with KCN were recruited for this study. First, complete ocular examinations were performed for all patients, including visual acuity measurement, refraction, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Then, all participants underwent corneal imaging by the Oculus Pentacam HR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participants was 32.40±8.52y (15-60y) and 69.5% of them were male. The mean ACA was 38.47°±5.75° (range: 14.40° to 56.50°) in the whole sample, 38.24°±6.00° in males, and 38.98°±5.11° in females (<i>P</i>=0.447). The mean ACA was significantly different among different groups of cone morphology, as patients with nipple cones showed the lowest mean ACA. Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in the mean ACA among different groups of cone locations, with patients having central cones exhibiting the lowest mean ACA (<i>P</i><0.001). Anterior and posterior Q values were significantly, directly correlated with ACA (anterior Q: <i>r</i>=0.122, <i>P</i>=0.014, posterior Q: <i>r</i>=0.192, <i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides critical insights into the risk factors for ACA narrowing in KCN patients, which is essential for planning intraocular surgeries. Patients with nipple and central cones exhibited the most significant ACA narrowing. Additionally, more negative Q-values are associated with increased ACA narrowing, highlighting the need for targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.12
Inês Costa, Ana Carvalho, Helton Andrade, Bruno Pereira, Pedro Camacho
Aim: To quantify and compare longitudinal thickness changes of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and the choroid in patients with different patterns of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) progression.
Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of anonymized data from participants aged 50y or more and diagnosed with early/intermediate AMD in at least one eye (with no evidence of advanced AMD). A total of 64 participants were included from the Instituto de Retina de Lisboa (IRL) study (IPL/2022/MetAllAMD_ESTeSL) and divided into 4 groups according to the Rotterdam classification for AMD. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to assess and quantify GCC and choroid thickness at two time points (first visit vs last visit) with a minimum interval of 3y.
Results: In the GCC inner ring, a thinner thickness (P=0.001) was observed in the atrophic AMD group (51.3±21.4 µm) compared to the early AMD (84.3±11.5 µm), intermediate AMD (77.6±16.1 µm) and neovascular AMD (88.9±16.3 µm) groups. Choroidal thickness quantification showed a generalized reduction in the central circle (P=0.002) and inner ring (P=0.001). Slight reductions in retinal thickness were more accentuated in the inner ring in the atrophic AMD (-13%; P<0.01).
Conclusion: The variation of the analyzed structures could be an indicator of risk of progression with neurodegenerative (GCC) or vascular (choroid) pattern in the intermediate and atrophic AMD. The quantification of both structures can provide important information about the risk of disease progression in the early and intermediate stages but also for the evolution pattern into late stages (atrophic or neovascular).
{"title":"Neurodegeneration and choroidal vascular features on OCT in the progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration.","authors":"Inês Costa, Ana Carvalho, Helton Andrade, Bruno Pereira, Pedro Camacho","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To quantify and compare longitudinal thickness changes of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and the choroid in patients with different patterns of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort analysis of anonymized data from participants aged 50y or more and diagnosed with early/intermediate AMD in at least one eye (with no evidence of advanced AMD). A total of 64 participants were included from the Instituto de Retina de Lisboa (IRL) study (IPL/2022/MetAllAMD_ESTeSL) and divided into 4 groups according to the Rotterdam classification for AMD. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to assess and quantify GCC and choroid thickness at two time points (first visit <i>vs</i> last visit) with a minimum interval of 3y.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the GCC inner ring, a thinner thickness (<i>P</i>=0.001) was observed in the atrophic AMD group (51.3±21.4 µm) compared to the early AMD (84.3±11.5 µm), intermediate AMD (77.6±16.1 µm) and neovascular AMD (88.9±16.3 µm) groups. Choroidal thickness quantification showed a generalized reduction in the central circle (<i>P</i>=0.002) and inner ring (<i>P</i>=0.001). Slight reductions in retinal thickness were more accentuated in the inner ring in the atrophic AMD (-13%; <i>P</i><0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The variation of the analyzed structures could be an indicator of risk of progression with neurodegenerative (GCC) or vascular (choroid) pattern in the intermediate and atrophic AMD. The quantification of both structures can provide important information about the risk of disease progression in the early and intermediate stages but also for the evolution pattern into late stages (atrophic or neovascular).</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To investigate whether interleukin-17A (IL-17A) gets involved in the mechanisms of inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells injury and its significance in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Mrthods: A sodium iodate (NaIO3) mouse model as well as IL-17A-/- mice were established. The effects of inflammatory cytokines in RPE cells and retinal microglia before and after NaIO3 modeling in vivo and in vitro, were investigated using immunofluorescence, immunoprotein blotting, and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Interventions using recombinant IL-17A protein (rIL-17A) or IL-17A neutralizing antibody (IL-17A NAb) were used to observe the subsequent differences in fundus, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), cell viability, and expression of oxidative stress-related markers before and after modeling, and to screen for key signaling pathways.
Results: In the scenario of NaIO3 stimulation, RPE cells obviously tended to degenerate. Simultaneously proliferation and activation of retinal microglia was confirmed in NaIO3-stimulated mice, whereas such effects induced by NaIO3 were significantly ameliorated with IL-17A NAb intervention or in IL-17A-/- mice. In addition, IL-17A promoted the proliferation and activation of microglia as well as oxidative damage and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines alongside NaIO3-induced damage in RPE cells in vivo and ex vivo. Meanwhile, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway was shown to be participated in the regulation of NaIO3-induced RPE cells injury mediated by IL-17A in vivo and ex vivo, as IL-17A-induced inflammatory cytokines release in the NaIO3 model was alleviated after blocking the ERK pathway.
Conclusion: IL-17A probably promotes the NaIO3-induced RPE cells injury through exacerbating inflammation in terms of retinal microglia activation and inflammatory cytokines release via ERK signaling pathway. Inhibition of IL-17A may be a new potential target for dry AMD treatment.
{"title":"IL-17A mediates inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelial cells injury <i>via</i> ERK signaling pathway.","authors":"Hui-Min Zhong, Bing-Qiao Shen, Yu-Hong Chen, Xiao-Huan Zhao, Xiao-Xu Huang, Min-Wen Zhou, Xiao-Dong Sun","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate whether interleukin-17A (IL-17A) gets involved in the mechanisms of inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells injury and its significance in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).</p><p><strong>Mrthods: </strong>A sodium iodate (NaIO<sub>3</sub>) mouse model as well as <i>IL-17A</i> <sup>-/-</sup> mice were established. The effects of inflammatory cytokines in RPE cells and retinal microglia before and after NaIO<sub>3</sub> modeling <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>, were investigated using immunofluorescence, immunoprotein blotting, and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Interventions using recombinant IL-17A protein (rIL-17A) or IL-17A neutralizing antibody (IL-17A NAb) were used to observe the subsequent differences in fundus, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), cell viability, and expression of oxidative stress-related markers before and after modeling, and to screen for key signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the scenario of NaIO<sub>3</sub> stimulation, RPE cells obviously tended to degenerate. Simultaneously proliferation and activation of retinal microglia was confirmed in NaIO<sub>3</sub>-stimulated mice, whereas such effects induced by NaIO<sub>3</sub> were significantly ameliorated with IL-17A NAb intervention or in <i>IL-17A</i> <sup>-/-</sup> mice. In addition, IL-17A promoted the proliferation and activation of microglia as well as oxidative damage and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines alongside NaIO<sub>3</sub>-induced damage in RPE cells <i>in vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i>. Meanwhile, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway was shown to be participated in the regulation of NaIO<sub>3</sub>-induced RPE cells injury mediated by IL-17A <i>in vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i>, as IL-17A-induced inflammatory cytokines release in the NaIO<sub>3</sub> model was alleviated after blocking the ERK pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IL-17A probably promotes the NaIO<sub>3</sub>-induced RPE cells injury through exacerbating inflammation in terms of retinal microglia activation and inflammatory cytokines release <i>via</i> ERK signaling pathway. Inhibition of IL-17A may be a new potential target for dry AMD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"15-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To measure the optimal anterior chamber pressure (ACP) for safe phacoemulsification using a new tube chamber system with internal pressure measurement function in the porcine eye.
Methods: The 20-gauge and 21-gauge straight tips with yellow and orange sleeves, respectively, were covered by a test chamber combined with a pressure sensor for measuring ACP. This was measured for 20s from 10s after starting aspiration in the linear mode using vacuum levels of 200 and 150 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, and 300 and 250 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip. Using a porcine eye, a pressure sensor fixed with a 0.9 mm corneal incision measured ACP. For the posterior capsule contact assay, porcine eyes were treated as described above, and the ultrasonic needle tip was held at the height of the iris and aspirated for 30s in linear mode at a vacuum of 200 and 150 mm Hg for the 20-gauge tip, and 300 and 250 mm Hg for the 21-gauge tip. The bottle height at which the posterior capsule accidentally contacted the ultrasonic tip was recorded, and the estimated ACP was calculated.
Results: The internal pressure of the new tube chamber system and ACP from the porcine eye closely matched proportional changes at vacuum levels of 200 and 150 mm Hg with 20-gauge tips. Similarly, proportional changes at vacuum levels of 300 and 250 mm Hg with the 21-gauge tip were nearly equal. The bottle height at which the posterior capsule contacted with the tip and estimated ACP were 57.5±12.6 cm (20.2±7.9 mm Hg) at 200 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, 35.0±10.0 cm (16.6±6.3 mm Hg) at 150 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, 47.5±12.6 cm (18.7±8.7 mm Hg) at 300 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip, and 32.5±5.0 cm (15.7±3.5 mm Hg) at 250 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip.
Conclusion: A comprehensive understanding of this chamber system's characteristics and usage can resolve anterior chamber instability caused by changing preoperative settings on the phaco machine.
目的:利用具有内压测量功能的新型猪眼管腔系统测量安全超声乳化术的最佳前房压(ACP)。方法:用带压力传感器的试验箱覆盖20规和21规直尖,分别采用黄色和橙色套筒。这是在线性模式下开始抽吸后的20s和10s内测量的,使用真空水平为200和150毫米汞柱,使用20规格的尖端,使用300和250毫米汞柱,使用21规格的尖端。使用猪眼,将压力传感器固定在0.9 mm角膜切口处测量ACP。对于后囊接触试验,猪眼按照上述方法进行处理,超声针尖保持在虹膜高度,以线性方式抽吸30秒,20号针尖的真空度为200和150毫米汞柱,21号针尖的真空度为300和250毫米汞柱。记录后囊意外接触超声尖端时的瓶高,并计算预估ACP。结果:新型管腔系统的内压与猪眼ACP在200和150 mm Hg真空水平下的比例变化非常接近。同样,在真空水平为300毫米汞柱和250毫米汞柱时,21规格尖端的比例变化几乎相等。后囊与尖端接触的瓶高和估计ACP分别为:200mm Hg时57.5±12.6 cm(20.2±7.9 mm Hg), 20mm Hg时150mm Hg时35.0±10.0 cm(16.6±6.3 mm Hg), 300mm Hg时47.5±12.6 cm(18.7±8.7 mm Hg), 21规格尖端时250mm Hg时32.5±5.0 cm(15.7±3.5 mm Hg)。结论:全面了解该前房系统的特点和使用方法,可以解决由于术前设置改变导致的前房不稳定问题。
{"title":"A new tube chamber system for evaluation of anterior chamber pressure during phacoemulsification tested in porcine eyes.","authors":"Fumiaki Higashijima, Makoto Hatano, Manami Ohta, Tadahiko Ogata, Takuya Yoshimoto, Atsushige Ashimori, Makiko Wakuta, Kazuhiro Kimura","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To measure the optimal anterior chamber pressure (ACP) for safe phacoemulsification using a new tube chamber system with internal pressure measurement function in the porcine eye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 20-gauge and 21-gauge straight tips with yellow and orange sleeves, respectively, were covered by a test chamber combined with a pressure sensor for measuring ACP. This was measured for 20s from 10s after starting aspiration in the linear mode using vacuum levels of 200 and 150 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, and 300 and 250 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip. Using a porcine eye, a pressure sensor fixed with a 0.9 mm corneal incision measured ACP. For the posterior capsule contact assay, porcine eyes were treated as described above, and the ultrasonic needle tip was held at the height of the iris and aspirated for 30s in linear mode at a vacuum of 200 and 150 mm Hg for the 20-gauge tip, and 300 and 250 mm Hg for the 21-gauge tip. The bottle height at which the posterior capsule accidentally contacted the ultrasonic tip was recorded, and the estimated ACP was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The internal pressure of the new tube chamber system and ACP from the porcine eye closely matched proportional changes at vacuum levels of 200 and 150 mm Hg with 20-gauge tips. Similarly, proportional changes at vacuum levels of 300 and 250 mm Hg with the 21-gauge tip were nearly equal. The bottle height at which the posterior capsule contacted with the tip and estimated ACP were 57.5±12.6 cm (20.2±7.9 mm Hg) at 200 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, 35.0±10.0 cm (16.6±6.3 mm Hg) at 150 mm Hg with a 20-gauge tip, 47.5±12.6 cm (18.7±8.7 mm Hg) at 300 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip, and 32.5±5.0 cm (15.7±3.5 mm Hg) at 250 mm Hg with a 21-gauge tip.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A comprehensive understanding of this chamber system's characteristics and usage can resolve anterior chamber instability caused by changing preoperative settings on the phaco machine.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.13
Abdussalam M Abdullatif, Alimulhaq Mohammad Moamnlhaq, Tamer A Macky, Noha Ahmed Edris
Aim: To compare the macular and optic nerve perfusion and vascular architecture using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in normal eyes of Egyptian (Caucasians) and South Asian (Asians) volunteers.
Methods: Cross-sectional analytical OCTA study performed on 90 eyes of South Asian (n=45) and Egyptians (n=45) were analyzed. All participants underwent best-corrected visual acuity test, slit lamp, and fundus examination. OCTA images; macular 6×6 mm2 grid and optic nerve 4.5×4.5 mm2 grid were used to examine the parafoveal and peripapillary regions, respectively.
Results: The mean capillary vessel density (CVD) in macular sectors among South Asians and Egyptians participants were (50.31%±2.53%, 51.2%±5.93%) and (49.71%±3.6%, 51.94%±4.79%) in superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP), respectively (P>0.05). Mean CVD in both groups was higher in DCP compared to SCP in all sectors but was not significant (P>0.05). Mean foveal CVD increases with an increase in central retinal thickness in both SCP and DCP (P<0.001), among both groups. Mean area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was 0.28±0.09 and 0.27±0.08 mm2 in South Asian and Egyptians, respectively. FAZ area decreases with an increase in the thickness and foveal CVD (P<0.001). Mean CVD in the peripapillary area was 48.23%±5.78% in South Asian and 49.52%±2.38% in Egyptian volunteers. The mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was found to be higher in the nasal quadrant among South Asian females than the Egyptian females (P<0.05).
Conclusion: No significant racial disparity is found in this study. The findings are helpful for assessing and improving the normative data on the differences in South Asian and Egyptian populations.
{"title":"Retinal capillary density among healthy Egyptian and South Asian students: an optical coherence tomography angiography study.","authors":"Abdussalam M Abdullatif, Alimulhaq Mohammad Moamnlhaq, Tamer A Macky, Noha Ahmed Edris","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the macular and optic nerve perfusion and vascular architecture using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in normal eyes of Egyptian (Caucasians) and South Asian (Asians) volunteers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional analytical OCTA study performed on 90 eyes of South Asian (<i>n</i>=45) and Egyptians (<i>n</i>=45) were analyzed. All participants underwent best-corrected visual acuity test, slit lamp, and fundus examination. OCTA images; macular 6×6 mm<sup>2</sup> grid and optic nerve 4.5×4.5 mm<sup>2</sup> grid were used to examine the parafoveal and peripapillary regions, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean capillary vessel density (CVD) in macular sectors among South Asians and Egyptians participants were (50.31%±2.53%, 51.2%±5.93%) and (49.71%±3.6%, 51.94%±4.79%) in superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP), respectively (<i>P</i>>0.05). Mean CVD in both groups was higher in DCP compared to SCP in all sectors but was not significant (<i>P</i>>0.05). Mean foveal CVD increases with an increase in central retinal thickness in both SCP and DCP (<i>P</i><0.001), among both groups. Mean area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was 0.28±0.09 and 0.27±0.08 mm<sup>2</sup> in South Asian and Egyptians, respectively. FAZ area decreases with an increase in the thickness and foveal CVD (<i>P</i><0.001). Mean CVD in the peripapillary area was 48.23%±5.78% in South Asian and 49.52%±2.38% in Egyptian volunteers. The mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was found to be higher in the nasal quadrant among South Asian females than the Egyptian females (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No significant racial disparity is found in this study. The findings are helpful for assessing and improving the normative data on the differences in South Asian and Egyptian populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"111-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2025.01.01
Qian Ling, Zi-Song Xu, Yan-Mei Zeng, Qi Hong, Xian-Zhe Qian, Jin-Yu Hu, Chong-Gang Pei, Hong Wei, Jie Zou, Cheng Chen, Xiao-Yu Wang, Xu Chen, Zhen-Kai Wu, Yi Shao
Aim: To assess the possibility of using different large language models (LLMs) in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surface diseases: ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, Claude 2, PaLM2, and SenseNova.
Methods: A group of experienced ophthalmology professors were asked to develop a 100-question single-choice question on ocular surface diseases designed to assess the performance of LLMs and human participants in answering ophthalmology specialty exam questions. The exam includes questions on the following topics: keratitis disease (20 questions), keratoconus, keratomalaciac, corneal dystrophy, corneal degeneration, erosive corneal ulcers, and corneal lesions associated with systemic diseases (20 questions), conjunctivitis disease (20 questions), trachoma, pterygoid and conjunctival tumor diseases (20 questions), and dry eye disease (20 questions). Then the total score of each LLMs and compared their mean score, mean correlation, variance, and confidence were calculated.
Results: GPT-4 exhibited the highest performance in terms of LLMs. Comparing the average scores of the LLMs group with the four human groups, chief physician, attending physician, regular trainee, and graduate student, it was found that except for ChatGPT-4, the total score of the rest of the LLMs is lower than that of the graduate student group, which had the lowest score in the human group. Both ChatGPT-4 and PaLM2 were more likely to give exact and correct answers, giving very little chance of an incorrect answer. ChatGPT-4 showed higher credibility when answering questions, with a success rate of 59%, but gave the wrong answer to the question 28% of the time.
Conclusion: GPT-4 model exhibits excellent performance in both answer relevance and confidence. PaLM2 shows a positive correlation (up to 0.8) in terms of answer accuracy during the exam. In terms of answer confidence, PaLM2 is second only to GPT4 and surpasses Claude 2, SenseNova, and GPT-3.5. Despite the fact that ocular surface disease is a highly specialized discipline, GPT-4 still exhibits superior performance, suggesting that its potential and ability to be applied in this field is enormous, perhaps with the potential to be a valuable resource for medical students and clinicians in the future.
{"title":"Assessing the possibility of using large language models in ocular surface diseases.","authors":"Qian Ling, Zi-Song Xu, Yan-Mei Zeng, Qi Hong, Xian-Zhe Qian, Jin-Yu Hu, Chong-Gang Pei, Hong Wei, Jie Zou, Cheng Chen, Xiao-Yu Wang, Xu Chen, Zhen-Kai Wu, Yi Shao","doi":"10.18240/ijo.2025.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2025.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the possibility of using different large language models (LLMs) in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surface diseases: ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, Claude 2, PaLM2, and SenseNova.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A group of experienced ophthalmology professors were asked to develop a 100-question single-choice question on ocular surface diseases designed to assess the performance of LLMs and human participants in answering ophthalmology specialty exam questions. The exam includes questions on the following topics: keratitis disease (20 questions), keratoconus, keratomalaciac, corneal dystrophy, corneal degeneration, erosive corneal ulcers, and corneal lesions associated with systemic diseases (20 questions), conjunctivitis disease (20 questions), trachoma, pterygoid and conjunctival tumor diseases (20 questions), and dry eye disease (20 questions). Then the total score of each LLMs and compared their mean score, mean correlation, variance, and confidence were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GPT-4 exhibited the highest performance in terms of LLMs. Comparing the average scores of the LLMs group with the four human groups, chief physician, attending physician, regular trainee, and graduate student, it was found that except for ChatGPT-4, the total score of the rest of the LLMs is lower than that of the graduate student group, which had the lowest score in the human group. Both ChatGPT-4 and PaLM2 were more likely to give exact and correct answers, giving very little chance of an incorrect answer. ChatGPT-4 showed higher credibility when answering questions, with a success rate of 59%, but gave the wrong answer to the question 28% of the time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GPT-4 model exhibits excellent performance in both answer relevance and confidence. PaLM2 shows a positive correlation (up to 0.8) in terms of answer accuracy during the exam. In terms of answer confidence, PaLM2 is second only to GPT4 and surpasses Claude 2, SenseNova, and GPT-3.5. Despite the fact that ocular surface disease is a highly specialized discipline, GPT-4 still exhibits superior performance, suggesting that its potential and ability to be applied in this field is enormous, perhaps with the potential to be a valuable resource for medical students and clinicians in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}