Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934241
M. Burmester, J. Munilla
The integrity of shipments in the supply chain may have to be tracked remotely by carriers that are not necessarily trusted. We present an RFID framework architecture for applications when multiple scanned tags generate concurrently a proof of “simultaneous” presence that cannot be forged by untrusted carriers.
{"title":"Group-scanning for supply chain management","authors":"M. Burmester, J. Munilla","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934241","url":null,"abstract":"The integrity of shipments in the supply chain may have to be tracked remotely by carriers that are not necessarily trusted. We present an RFID framework architecture for applications when multiple scanned tags generate concurrently a proof of “simultaneous” presence that cannot be forged by untrusted carriers.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115053466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934248
Qi Zhang, M. Crisp, I. White, R. Penty
This paper studies the power margin reduction in linear passive UHF RFID tag arrays due to proximity effects. It is shown experimentally that a 40% reduction in tag power margin occurs when two tags are placed with a separation of less than 2cm. Major causes of tag sensitivity degradation due to proximity in arrays are analyzed by experiment and simulation, including tag detuning, shadowing and re-emission cancellation. It is shown that tag detuning has a significant effect when tags are separated by less than 7mm. At larger separations in excess of 1cm, the tag shadowing effect and interactions between the backscattered waves cause more significant degradation for large tag arrays.
{"title":"Power margin reduction in linear passive UHF RFID tag arrays","authors":"Qi Zhang, M. Crisp, I. White, R. Penty","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934248","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the power margin reduction in linear passive UHF RFID tag arrays due to proximity effects. It is shown experimentally that a 40% reduction in tag power margin occurs when two tags are placed with a separation of less than 2cm. Major causes of tag sensitivity degradation due to proximity in arrays are analyzed by experiment and simulation, including tag detuning, shadowing and re-emission cancellation. It is shown that tag detuning has a significant effect when tags are separated by less than 7mm. At larger separations in excess of 1cm, the tag shadowing effect and interactions between the backscattered waves cause more significant degradation for large tag arrays.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133318603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934193
D. Masotti, A. Costanzo, S. Rusticelli, G. Tartarini, M. Aldrigo
In this paper we propose an in-depth investigation on energy harvesting solutions from THz to DC, deploying a dedicated laser source in the infrared (IR) region. Planar bow-tie nano-antennas with misaligned monopoles are arranged in both an array and a multi-element architecture, and combined with tunnel diodes for rectification. A highly directive IR laser is adopted as the 84-THz source, and the receiving antennas are arranged in such a way to cover an area comparable to that illuminated by the laser beam. A theoretical estimation of the overall system performance in terms of achievable DC power is provided by means of an accurate circuit/electromagnetic co-simulation.
{"title":"Infrared nano-rectennas exploiting on-demand laser sources","authors":"D. Masotti, A. Costanzo, S. Rusticelli, G. Tartarini, M. Aldrigo","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934193","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose an in-depth investigation on energy harvesting solutions from THz to DC, deploying a dedicated laser source in the infrared (IR) region. Planar bow-tie nano-antennas with misaligned monopoles are arranged in both an array and a multi-element architecture, and combined with tunnel diodes for rectification. A highly directive IR laser is adopted as the 84-THz source, and the receiving antennas are arranged in such a way to cover an area comparable to that illuminated by the laser beam. A theoretical estimation of the overall system performance in terms of achievable DC power is provided by means of an accurate circuit/electromagnetic co-simulation.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127649952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934196
J. Narayanaswamy, Raghav V. Sampangi, S. Sampalli
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology made popular by the ability of RFID tags to uniquely represent objects. However, they are severely resource-constrained due to design restrictions. This limits their ability to perform complex computations for security. In RFID systems, the priority is to ensure the integrity of messages and entity authentication. We consider message integrity in our work. To ensure message integrity (i.e., the sent message must be the same as the received message), the actual message is usually hashed and transmitted to the receiver along with the encrypted message. However, it is a challenge for resource-constrained devices such as RFID systems to encrypt a message using different algorithms (such as encryption and hashing algorithm). In this paper, we propose a new symmetric key encryption approach that includes integrity as part of the encryption process for RFID systems. With this approach, we do not need to employ hash functions to achieve message integrity, thus leading to computational efficiency.
{"title":"SCARS: Simplified cryptographic algorithm for RFID systems","authors":"J. Narayanaswamy, Raghav V. Sampangi, S. Sampalli","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934196","url":null,"abstract":"Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology made popular by the ability of RFID tags to uniquely represent objects. However, they are severely resource-constrained due to design restrictions. This limits their ability to perform complex computations for security. In RFID systems, the priority is to ensure the integrity of messages and entity authentication. We consider message integrity in our work. To ensure message integrity (i.e., the sent message must be the same as the received message), the actual message is usually hashed and transmitted to the receiver along with the encrypted message. However, it is a challenge for resource-constrained devices such as RFID systems to encrypt a message using different algorithms (such as encryption and hashing algorithm). In this paper, we propose a new symmetric key encryption approach that includes integrity as part of the encryption process for RFID systems. With this approach, we do not need to employ hash functions to achieve message integrity, thus leading to computational efficiency.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115105464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934240
Mossaab Daiki, E. Perret, S. Tedjini
A segmented circular loop antenna designed for near-field UHF RFID applications is presented. The antenna has the form of a bracelet and it can be integrated directly into clothes. Therefore, it is possible to automatically identify small passive UHF tags.
{"title":"Design of near field UHF RFID reader antenna integrated into clothing","authors":"Mossaab Daiki, E. Perret, S. Tedjini","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934240","url":null,"abstract":"A segmented circular loop antenna designed for near-field UHF RFID applications is presented. The antenna has the form of a bracelet and it can be integrated directly into clothes. Therefore, it is possible to automatically identify small passive UHF tags.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128572761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934245
L. Catarinucci, Danilo De Donno, L. Mainetti, L. Palano, L. Patrono, M. Stefanizzi, L. Tarricone
This work describes a Smart Hospital System (SHS) based on the integration of Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies. SHS is able to provide patient localization, tracking, and monitoring services within hospitals or nursing institutes through the deployment of a heterogeneous network of RFID-WSN nodes relaying data to a central server. A set of software applications based on RESTful Java and database Push Notification (PN) technologies has been designed, implemented, and installed on the central in order to manage alert events (e.g. patient falls) and promptly inform the nursing staff through an iOS mobile app which has been designed ad hoc for the smart hospital scenario.
{"title":"Integration of UHF RFID and WSN technologies in healthcare systems","authors":"L. Catarinucci, Danilo De Donno, L. Mainetti, L. Palano, L. Patrono, M. Stefanizzi, L. Tarricone","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934245","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes a Smart Hospital System (SHS) based on the integration of Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies. SHS is able to provide patient localization, tracking, and monitoring services within hospitals or nursing institutes through the deployment of a heterogeneous network of RFID-WSN nodes relaying data to a central server. A set of software applications based on RESTful Java and database Push Notification (PN) technologies has been designed, implemented, and installed on the central in order to manage alert events (e.g. patient falls) and promptly inform the nursing staff through an iOS mobile app which has been designed ad hoc for the smart hospital scenario.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116218921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934227
Jeffrey Bonne, K. D'hoe, Tom Hamelinckx, N. Stevens, Jean-Pierre Goemaere, L. D. Strycker
This paper presents the research on the realization of an antenna gate structure for passive radio frequency identification (RFID) systems operating at 13.56 MHz. An optimized configuration of antennas allowing the detection of tags in various directions is described. The reliability of the system is increased by steering the antennas in an appropriate manner. The antennas are not only multiplexed in time but also the phase difference between the antennas is used to shape the magnetic field to detect any transponder within the operating field. Measurements on the proposed antenna gate have shown some promising results. This construction will be used in an identification application of surgical instrument baskets within the central sterilization department of a hospital.
{"title":"Design of an RFID antenna gate with multiple loop antennas","authors":"Jeffrey Bonne, K. D'hoe, Tom Hamelinckx, N. Stevens, Jean-Pierre Goemaere, L. D. Strycker","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934227","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the research on the realization of an antenna gate structure for passive radio frequency identification (RFID) systems operating at 13.56 MHz. An optimized configuration of antennas allowing the detection of tags in various directions is described. The reliability of the system is increased by steering the antennas in an appropriate manner. The antennas are not only multiplexed in time but also the phase difference between the antennas is used to shape the magnetic field to detect any transponder within the operating field. Measurements on the proposed antenna gate have shown some promising results. This construction will be used in an identification application of surgical instrument baskets within the central sterilization department of a hospital.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120980818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934205
S. Rima, A. Georgiadis, A. Collado, R. Gonçalves, N. Carvalho
The design of a fully passive RFID enabled temperature sensor implemented on cork substrate is presented. A passive UHF RFID tag is designed based on a commercial RFID chip and a 3D meandered dipole antenna. The antenna is fabricated by milling the radiating structure on copper tape and gluing it on a cork substrate of rectangular prism shape leading to a low profile design. The matching network of the tag chip is modified to include a thermistor element. It is optimized using electromagnetic simulation to maximize its impedance sensitivity to temperature variations thus successfully implementing a passive antenna based temperature sensor. A variation in temperature leads to a modification of the tag read range in frequency, which can be detected by a reader with frequency or power sweep capability. A UHF prototype is fabricated and measurements are presented demonstrating the sensing operation.
{"title":"Passive UHF RFID enabled temperature sensor tag on cork substrate","authors":"S. Rima, A. Georgiadis, A. Collado, R. Gonçalves, N. Carvalho","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934205","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a fully passive RFID enabled temperature sensor implemented on cork substrate is presented. A passive UHF RFID tag is designed based on a commercial RFID chip and a 3D meandered dipole antenna. The antenna is fabricated by milling the radiating structure on copper tape and gluing it on a cork substrate of rectangular prism shape leading to a low profile design. The matching network of the tag chip is modified to include a thermistor element. It is optimized using electromagnetic simulation to maximize its impedance sensitivity to temperature variations thus successfully implementing a passive antenna based temperature sensor. A variation in temperature leads to a modification of the tag read range in frequency, which can be detected by a reader with frequency or power sweep capability. A UHF prototype is fabricated and measurements are presented demonstrating the sensing operation.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131208349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934209
Raquel A. A. Rodrigues, E. Gurjão, F. M. Assis
Radio identification (RFID) systems based on chipless tags, outperforms traditional RFID systems in terms of costs, and the actual challenge in the former systems is to improve the quantity of bits written in a tag. Actually, the main information encoding technique is based on the generation of a particular signature in the spectrum of the backscattered signal. Chipless tags based spectral signature encode data using resonant structures, to work like band reject filters, designed to resonate at certain frequencies. Information is written as a combination of nulls in the frequency domain. Based in the idea of simultaneously use the horizontal and vertical polarization of an antenna, in this paper we analyze the radar cross-section (RCS) and electric field of elements of chipless RFID tags based on biostatic RCS. Using electromagnetic simulation software for electric field and RCS analysis, it was observed that it is possible to write data to improve the number of bits using two simultaneous polarizations.
{"title":"Radar cross-section and electric field analysis of backscattering elements of chipless RFID tag","authors":"Raquel A. A. Rodrigues, E. Gurjão, F. M. Assis","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934209","url":null,"abstract":"Radio identification (RFID) systems based on chipless tags, outperforms traditional RFID systems in terms of costs, and the actual challenge in the former systems is to improve the quantity of bits written in a tag. Actually, the main information encoding technique is based on the generation of a particular signature in the spectrum of the backscattered signal. Chipless tags based spectral signature encode data using resonant structures, to work like band reject filters, designed to resonate at certain frequencies. Information is written as a combination of nulls in the frequency domain. Based in the idea of simultaneously use the horizontal and vertical polarization of an antenna, in this paper we analyze the radar cross-section (RCS) and electric field of elements of chipless RFID tags based on biostatic RCS. Using electromagnetic simulation software for electric field and RCS analysis, it was observed that it is possible to write data to improve the number of bits using two simultaneous polarizations.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133926033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-23DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934230
A. Costanzo, D. Masotti, P. Francia, M. Fantuzzi
This paper exploits the functionalities of an RFID reader combining the RADAR-monopulse technology with beam steering capability, able to interact with tagged objects widely distributed in harsh electromagnetic (EM) environments. The reader capabilities are investigated in a new application scenario: people movements estimation in a typical room ambient. The device is able not only to detect the angular position of people but also to estimate their distance from the reader. This facility may be used in humanized ambient to register people activities in real time. The operating frequency is 2.45 GHz, but it can be scaled based on the application requirements.
{"title":"Detection and movement estimation of items by a smart microwave hand-held reader","authors":"A. Costanzo, D. Masotti, P. Francia, M. Fantuzzi","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934230","url":null,"abstract":"This paper exploits the functionalities of an RFID reader combining the RADAR-monopulse technology with beam steering capability, able to interact with tagged objects widely distributed in harsh electromagnetic (EM) environments. The reader capabilities are investigated in a new application scenario: people movements estimation in a typical room ambient. The device is able not only to detect the angular position of people but also to estimate their distance from the reader. This facility may be used in humanized ambient to register people activities in real time. The operating frequency is 2.45 GHz, but it can be scaled based on the application requirements.","PeriodicalId":143130,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134527193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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