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2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)最新文献

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Tag read enhancement using unsynchronized signal from adjacent readers in multi-cell RFID system 在多小区RFID系统中使用邻近阅读器的非同步信号增强标签读取
Pub Date : 2014-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934201
Sicheng Zou, M. Crisp, S. Sabesan, A. Bekkali, A. Kadri, R. Penty, I. White
This paper addresses the interference issue in a passive multi-cell radio frequency identification (RFID) system. Instead of considering the negative effect of interfering RF signals from adjacent readers, we investigate its constructive effect in providing extra RF power to tags in the cell of the desired reader system. Through detailed simulation and experimental analysis, it is found that the unsynchronised signal from neighbouring readers can be utilized to activate marginal tags through enhancing power delivery. This results in improved tag received signal strength indicator (RSSI). In addition, it is found that the overlap zone between two RFID cells is not as vulnerable to interference as one might think. In fact, the adjacent reader may facilitate the desired reader to read more tags in the overlapping zone, although a longer inventory period may be required. We believe these findings might provide a new insight into the interference effect on multi-cell RFID system and be applied to future medium access control (MAC) protocols.
本文研究了无源多单元射频识别系统中的干扰问题。我们没有考虑来自相邻阅读器的干扰射频信号的负面影响,而是研究了它在为所需阅读器系统单元中的标签提供额外射频功率方面的建设性作用。通过详细的仿真和实验分析,发现可以利用邻近读取器的不同步信号,通过增强功率传输来激活边缘标签。这提高了标签接收信号强度指标(RSSI)。此外,发现两个RFID单元之间的重叠区域并不像人们想象的那样容易受到干扰。事实上,相邻的阅读器可以帮助期望的阅读器在重叠区域读取更多的标签,尽管可能需要更长的库存周期。我们相信这些发现可能为多小区RFID系统的干扰效应提供新的见解,并应用于未来的介质访问控制(MAC)协议。
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引用次数: 1
Characterization of graphene-based inkjet printed samples on flexible substrate for wireless sensing applications 无线传感柔性基板上石墨烯喷墨打印样品的表征
Pub Date : 2014-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934215
M. Akbari, L. Sydänheimo, J. Juuti, J. Vuorinen, L. Ukkonen
Inkjet printing is one of the emerging methods for fabrication of electronic devices. The important issue in this area is developing nanomaterial-based inks for different applications such as gas sensors for environmental monitoring. In particular, graphene-based materials have recently gained interest due to their extraordinary properties. However, graphene has hydrophobic nature resulting in poor solubility in the most of the solvents. In order to solve this problem, graphene oxide is mostly used instead of graphene. To retrieve the conductivity, the printed samples are reduced to remove the oxygen containing groups. The major contribution of this paper is focused on the production of conductive graphene-based patterns on the flexible kapton substrate utilizing thermal reduction process. Both printed samples and inks were characterized and analyzed to enhance the quality of printing. The effect of different parameters such as surface modification, annealing condition, thermal reduction atmosphere, setting of inkjet printer, and concentration of ink were investigated. The characterization part includes analysis of the morphology, sheet resistance, conductivity, and viscosity of ink. This work is an important step for future research on the development of wireless graphene-based gas sensors.
喷墨印刷是一种新兴的电子器件制造方法。该领域的重要问题是为不同的应用开发基于纳米材料的油墨,例如用于环境监测的气体传感器。特别是,石墨烯基材料由于其非凡的性能最近引起了人们的兴趣。然而,石墨烯具有疏水性,导致其在大多数溶剂中的溶解度较差。为了解决这个问题,大多采用氧化石墨烯来代替石墨烯。为了恢复电导率,将打印的样品还原以去除含氧基团。本文的主要贡献集中在利用热还原工艺在柔性卡普顿衬底上生产导电石墨烯基图案。对印刷样品和油墨进行了表征和分析,以提高印刷质量。考察了表面改性、退火条件、热还原气氛、喷墨打印机设置、油墨浓度等参数对制备效果的影响。表征部分包括对油墨的形貌、薄片电阻、电导率和粘度的分析。这项工作是未来无线石墨烯气体传感器发展研究的重要一步。
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引用次数: 12
Path-loss model of embroidered passive RFID tag on human body for indoor positioning applications 用于室内定位的人体刺绣无源RFID标签路径损耗模型
Pub Date : 2014-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934222
M. Hasani, E. Lohan, L. Sydänheimo, L. Ukkonen
This paper presents a novel method for accurate indoor localization, utilizing the embroidered passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags. The feasibility of RFID tags for positioning and localization applications is studied here and a comparison to WLAN system is done. An indoor localization system based on the received signal strength (RSS) measurement requires the determination of the suitable path-loss model of the measurement environment for creating a low complexity positioning estimators. In this paper the path-loss model and its parameters, using an embroidered passive RFID tag is introduced. The backscattered power measurement of the embroidered passive tag on human body, for certain measurement points, in indoor environment, is performed. The path-loss model is calculated utilizing the collected RSS data and deconvolution approaches. We show that the RFID RSS values are slightly more stable than the WLAN RSS values (i.e., lower shadowing variance) and that the two-parameter path-loss models are suitable to characterize the RFID RSS fluctuations.
本文提出了一种利用绣花无源射频识别(RFID)标签进行室内精确定位的新方法。研究了RFID标签在定位和定位应用中的可行性,并与WLAN系统进行了比较。基于接收信号强度(RSS)测量的室内定位系统需要确定合适的测量环境路径损耗模型,以创建低复杂度的定位估计器。本文介绍了绣花无源RFID标签的路径损耗模型及其参数。在室内环境下,对特定测量点进行了绣花被动标签在人体上的后向散射功率测量。利用收集的RSS数据和反卷积方法计算路径损失模型。我们发现RFID的RSS值比WLAN的RSS值更稳定(即,更低的阴影方差),并且双参数路径损耗模型适用于表征RFID RSS波动。
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引用次数: 15
Improving LF reader antenna volume of detection for RFID token tag thanks to Identical Coaxial Loops (ICLs) and in/out-of phase multiple-loops structures 采用同同轴环(ICLs)和相内外多环结构,提高了RFID令牌标签LF阅读器天线的检测体积
Pub Date : 2014-09-08 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934229
A. Diet, M. Grzeskowiak, Y. Bihan, C. Conessa
This work concerns the prototyping of a low cost PCB based multiple loops antenna for LF 125 kHz RFID application. The multiple loops structure is considered for the context of small tags traceability, for example token tags such as circular HitagS (1-2 cm of diameter). The targeted volume is 20×20×10 cm3 for the moment. The position of the tag can be parallel or orthogonal to the reader antenna plane, with a variation of the angle position, and is moving inside the volume of detection (small objects in a storage basket in practice). The dedicated conception of a reader antenna is necessary because the application targets a volume of detection rather than maximum range detection. Additionally, the position of the tag is not known. The design considerations are based on a combination of Identical Coaxial Loops (ICL) and in/out-of phase loops structures whose advantages are discussed in terms of mutual inductance in the simulation part. An optimum diameter of 7,5 cm is noticed for square loops case. The realization of this structure shows qualitatively good results for our objectives and emphasizes a tradeoff between the two effects of coupling due to the two structures combined. As the tag is moving inside the volume, with an orientation (tag position test) unknown, our observations drive to the conclusion that the detection will be effective. Some perspectives are also clearly identified to improve the structure in the future.
这项工作涉及低成本的基于PCB的多环路天线的原型设计,用于低频125 kHz RFID应用。对于小标签可追溯性的上下文,例如标记标签,如圆形HitagS(直径1-2厘米),考虑了多重循环结构。目前目标体积为20×20×10 cm3。标签的位置可以与阅读器天线平面平行或正交,随角度位置的变化而变化,并且在被检测的体积内移动(实际中是存储篮中的小物体)。阅读器天线的专用概念是必要的,因为应用的目标是检测量而不是最大距离检测。此外,标签的位置是未知的。设计考虑基于相同同轴环(ICL)和相进/相外环结构的组合,其优点在仿真部分从互感的角度进行了讨论。注意到方形环的最佳直径为7.5厘米。这种结构的实现在质量上显示了我们的目标的良好结果,并强调了由于两种结构结合而产生的两种耦合效应之间的权衡。由于标签在体积内移动,方向(标签位置测试)未知,我们的观察得出结论,检测将是有效的。还明确了未来改进结构的一些观点。
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引用次数: 11
Examples for Genetic Algorithm based optimal RFID tag antenna design 基于遗传算法的RFID标签天线优化设计实例
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934232
A. Pichler, D. Steffelbauer, Alexey Nazarov
In this work a Genetic Algorithm is used to obtain optimal planar UHF RFID tag antenna topologies. The presented antenna design method is automated and solely requires very little human intervention. Different requirements like antenna dimension, conductive and dielectric materials, frequency range, etc. can be adjusted. This enables the automated design of tailored tag antennas for different requirements. Due to the complex behavior of UHF antennas numerical electromagnetic field simulation is essential. Simulation is carried out with the aid of ANSYS HFSS and ANSYS DESIGNER. In order to obtain meaningful results, high accuracy of the simulation is of vital importance. Therefore this work places emphasis on the comparison of simulation and measurement of prototypes. As a result of the evolutionary design, examples for narrowband and broadband antennas are presented. Two approaches were applied, one very fundamental, discretizing the available design space into pixel units. In addition a lattice based approach, promoting meander-like layouts, is implemented. Four antenna layouts are discussed in this work. All obtained tag antennas meet the required specifications and prove the abilities of the design approach.
在这项工作中,使用遗传算法来获得最优的平面超高频RFID标签天线拓扑结构。所提出的天线设计方法是自动化的,只需要很少的人为干预。可根据天线尺寸、导电介质材料、频率范围等不同要求进行调整。这样就可以根据不同的要求自动设计定制的标签天线。由于超高频天线的复杂特性,对其电磁场进行数值模拟是十分必要的。利用ANSYS HFSS和ANSYS DESIGNER进行了仿真。为了获得有意义的结果,高精度的仿真是至关重要的。因此,本工作着重于原型的仿真与测量的比较。作为进化设计的结果,给出了窄带和宽带天线的实例。采用了两种方法,一种非常基本,将可用的设计空间离散为像素单位。此外,还实现了一种基于点阵的方法,促进了蜿蜒的布局。本文讨论了四种天线布局。得到的标签天线均满足设计要求,验证了设计方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 5
Epidermal RFID passive sensor for body temperature measurements 用于体温测量的表皮RFID无源传感器
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934216
S. Milici, S. Amendola, A. Bianco, G. Marrocco
Real-time and continuous wireless measurement of human body temperature could enable a better control of many pathologies such as the wounds infection after surgery and the evolution of epidemics involving fever rush, as well as the monitor of athletic activities. This paper describes an RFID passive UHF epidermal sensor suitable to be directly attached onto the human skin by means of a bio-compatible transpiring Poli(ε-caprolacton) (PCL) membrane. The antenna elements provide a broad matching band and even a post-fabrication tuning mechanism to better manage the specific placement over the body. The temperature is directly measured by the EM4325 microchip, also providing RFID communication capabilities. The epidermal sensor, that can be read up to 35 cm in case of 0.5 W EIRP emitted by the reader, has been moreover thermally calibrated versus a thermocouple and then applied to the measurement of human body temperature in both static and dynamic conditions with an accuracy of about 0.25°C with respect to reference measurements.
对人体体温进行实时、连续的无线测量,可以更好地控制手术后的伤口感染和涉及发烧的流行病的演变等多种病理,也可以监测体育活动。本文介绍了一种应用于生物相容性降解聚乳酸(ε-己内酯)(PCL)膜的RFID无源超高频表皮传感器。天线元件提供宽匹配频带,甚至是制造后调谐机制,以更好地管理身体上的特定位置。温度由EM4325微芯片直接测量,还提供RFID通信功能。在读取器发出0.5 W EIRP的情况下,表皮传感器可以读取高达35厘米的读数,并且已经与热电偶进行了热校准,然后应用于静态和动态条件下的人体温度测量,相对于参考测量值,精度约为0.25°C。
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引用次数: 65
Exploitation of passive RFID technology for wireless read-out of temperature sensors 无源RFID技术在温度传感器无线读出中的应用
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934218
R. Trevisan, A. Costanzo
In this paper we introduce for the first time the concept of exploiting the rectifier part of passive RFID systems not only for sensor powering but also for remotely performing the sensor reading. This solution is proposed for harsh industrial environments where remote machineries parts need be simultaneously powered and monitored wirelessly. We demonstrate the co-existence of high wireless power transfer and NFC communication for temperature sensor read-out, with no need for extra electronics at the RFID tag side to control the sensor readout. In particular, we show that the behavior of the RF-to-DC rectifier of a passive RFID, loaded by the sensor, can be exploited for powering the sensor operations as well as for reading its activities.
本文首次介绍了利用无源RFID系统的整流器部分不仅用于传感器供电,而且用于远程执行传感器读取的概念。该解决方案适用于需要同时为远程机械部件供电和无线监控的恶劣工业环境。我们展示了用于温度传感器读出的高无线功率传输和NFC通信的共存,而不需要在RFID标签侧使用额外的电子设备来控制传感器读出。特别是,我们展示了由传感器加载的无源RFID的rf - dc整流器的行为,可以用于为传感器操作供电以及读取其活动。
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引用次数: 14
Provably secure two-round RFID grouping proof protocols 可证明安全的两轮RFID组证明协议
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934242
D. Moriyama
A witness to show the coexistence of multiple RFID tags is called grouping-proof and it is useful to handle a lot of commercial products in Internet of Things (IoT). Many of the existing grouping-proof protocols have a common problem that the RFID reader incrementally communicates with the RFID tags in the group and the round complexity is quite high. In this paper, we show that there exists a provably secure RFID grouping-proof protocol which the grouping-proof is generated in the constant round. Especially, we propose two-round RFID grouping-proof protocols secure against the impersonation attack and man-in-the-middle attack, respectively.
证明多个RFID标签共存的证据被称为组证明,它对处理物联网(IoT)中的许多商业产品非常有用。现有的许多组证明协议都存在一个共同的问题,即RFID读写器与组中的RFID标签进行增量式通信,且轮复杂度相当高。本文证明了存在一种可证明安全的RFID组证明协议,该协议的组证明是在恒轮中生成的。特别地,我们提出了两轮RFID组证明协议,分别防止模拟攻击和中间人攻击。
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引用次数: 5
Compact slot-based chipless RFID tag 紧凑型插槽无芯片RFID标签
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934234
Marcos Martinez, D. Weide
We present a fully printable, planar, orientation independent, single layer, chipless RFID tag. The tag consists of a circular patch with multiple discretized circular slot resonators nested in it. This design reduces the total size of the tag since the discrete circular slot resonators resonate at a lower frequency than perfect circular resonators for the same diameter. Reader's complexity is reduced as the tag is polarization independent, improving the tags readability from different angles with respect to the reader antenna. Its single layer characteristics make this tag a potential candidate for conductive ink printing. The frequency band is within 6 to 14 GHz.
我们提出一种完全可印刷、平面、方向无关、单层、无晶片的RFID标签。该标签由一个圆形贴片组成,其中嵌套了多个离散的圆形槽谐振器。这种设计减小了标签的总尺寸,因为在相同直径下,离散圆形槽谐振器的谐振频率低于完美圆形谐振器。由于标签与极化无关,降低了阅读器的复杂度,提高了标签相对于阅读器天线不同角度的可读性。它的单层特性使这种标签成为导电油墨印刷的潜在候选者。频率范围为6 ~ 14ghz。
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引用次数: 33
Passive RFID deformation sensor for concrete structures 混凝土结构无源RFID变形传感器
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA.2014.6934213
S. Caizzone, Emidio DiGiampaolo
All mechanical structures are subject to deformation, due to fatigue, stress and/or environmental conditions. It is therefore of uttermost importance to monitor the mechanical “health” of critical structures, in order to prevent catastrophic failures, but also to minimize maintenance costs, i.e. avoid unnecessary inspections. The present work hence shows a miniaturized RFID sensor, optimized for good operation on concrete and other “RFID-harsh” environments and able to detect deformations occurring on the object on which it is placed.
由于疲劳、应力和/或环境条件,所有机械结构都会变形。因此,极为重要的是监测关键结构的机械"健康状况",以防止灾难性故障,并尽量减少维护费用,即避免不必要的检查。因此,目前的工作展示了一种小型化的RFID传感器,针对混凝土和其他“RFID恶劣”环境的良好操作进行了优化,并能够检测其放置的物体上发生的变形。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA)
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