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Diesel-degradation by indigenous bacteria of petroleum-contaminated soils. 石油污染土壤中本地细菌对柴油的降解作用。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00616-5
Samira Pakdel, Ali Beheshti Ale Agha, Rouhallah Sharifi, Alireza Habibi, Firoozeh Gholami

Relying on native microorganisms is crucial for bioremediating petroleum-contaminated soils within this oil field. This study aimed to isolate native bacteria and investigate their ability to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils. Flame ionization detector gas chromatography analyzed the capacity of Indigenous bacterial isolates to break down diesel fuel in an aquatic environment. Soil samples were collected from the Naft-Shahr area. Initially, 126 bacterial isolates were obtained from these soils, of which only 48 species could grow on a diesel-containing medium. Further analysis identified the top 8 isolates with high diesel removal potential. Results showed that the diesel removal percentage ranged from 26 to 76% at an initial diesel concentration of 3.7 g. L - 1 after 48 h, without adding any supplementary surface-active agent. Four top isolates were selected based on their degradation activity, removal yield, and biodegradation rate and were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Sequence alignment revealed that isolates B11Pet, B19Pet, B27Pet, and B48Pet belong to Staphylococcus gallinarum, Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus, Arthrobacter citreus, and Bacillus thuringiensis, respectively. Among these, Bacillus thuringiensis (B48Pet), with a specific growth rate of 0.211 h⁻1, could uniformly remove all diesel hydrocarbon fractions at 58.81 mg. L⁻1. h⁻1. This strain, alone or in consortia, represents a promising strategy for the bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soils.

依靠本地微生物对该油田内受石油污染的土壤进行生物修复至关重要。本研究旨在分离本地细菌,并调查它们降解受污染土壤中石油碳氢化合物的能力。火焰离子化检测器气相色谱法分析了土著细菌分离物在水生环境中分解柴油的能力。土壤样本采集自 Naft-Shahr 地区。最初从这些土壤中获得了 126 种细菌分离物,其中只有 48 种能在含柴油的培养基上生长。通过进一步分析,确定了具有较高柴油去除潜力的前 8 个分离物。结果表明,在初始柴油浓度为 3.7 g. L - 1 时,48 小时后柴油去除率从 26% 到 76% 不等。L - 1,48 小时后柴油去除率从 26% 到 76% 不等。根据其降解活性、去除率和生物降解率,选出了四种顶级分离物,并利用 16S rRNA 基因测序和系统进化分析对其进行了鉴定。序列比对结果表明,分离物 B11Pet、B19Pet、B27Pet 和 B48Pet 分别属于五倍子葡萄球菌、硝化瓜氏棒状杆菌、柠檬节杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌。其中,苏云金芽孢杆菌(B48Pet)的特定生长速率为 0.211 h-1,能以 58.81 mg.L-1。这种菌株,无论是单独还是在联合体中,都是对石油污染土壤进行生物修复的一种有前途的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Rapid on-site detection of viable Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood using cis-diamminedichloroplatinum and colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (CDDP-LAMP). 利用顺式二氨基二氯铂和比色环介导等温扩增技术(CDDP-LAMP)现场快速检测海产品中存活的副溶血性弧菌。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00614-7
Diem Hong Tran, Hau Thi Tran, Binh Thi Tu Vo, Le Minh Bui, Huong Thi Thu Phung

Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood and marine environments poses significant health risks, causing gastroenteritis worldwide. Current detection methods fail to differentiate live from dead cells, leading to inaccuracies in food safety assessments. This study introduces a novel method combining cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) with direct colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for rapid and accurate detection of viable V. parahaemolyticus cells in seafood samples. CDDP treatment at 37 °C for 30 min selectively inhibits DNA from dead cells, enhancing the specificity of the assay by ensuring only live cell DNA is amplified. The optimized CDDP-LAMP procedure detects alive V. parahaemolyticus within 1 h, with results observable through a color change. The CDDP-LAMP assay demonstrates excellent specificity, identifying live V. parahaemolyticus cells while excluding dead cells and other bacteria. It shows a detection limit of 2.348 CFU per reaction and successfully detects V. parahaemolyticus in seafood samples across different food matrices. This study is the first to combine CDDP with colorimetric LAMP for direct detecting viable bacteria in food, enhancing specificity by eliminating signals from dead cells. The CDDP-LAMP assay provides a rapid, accurate process for detecting viable V. parahaemolyticus cells, especially in resource-limited settings. It also gives a model for screening different bacterial pathogens, speeding up and improving foodborne illness risk assessments.

海产品和海洋环境中的副溶血性弧菌对健康构成重大威胁,在全球范围内引发肠胃炎。目前的检测方法无法区分活细胞和死细胞,导致食品安全评估不准确。本研究介绍了一种结合顺式二氨基二氯铂(CDDP)和直接比色环介导等温扩增(LAMP)的新方法,用于快速准确地检测海鲜样品中存活的副溶血性弧菌细胞。CDDP 在 37 °C 下处理 30 分钟可选择性地抑制死细胞中的 DNA,确保只有活细胞 DNA 被扩增,从而提高了检测的特异性。经过优化的 CDDP-LAMP 程序可在 1 小时内检测出活的副溶血性弧菌,检测结果可通过颜色变化观察到。CDDP-LAMP 检测法具有极佳的特异性,能识别活的副溶血性弧菌细胞,同时排除死细胞和其他细菌。每次反应的检测限为 2.348 CFU,可成功检测不同食物基质海鲜样品中的副溶血性弧菌。这项研究首次将 CDDP 与比色 LAMP 结合起来,直接检测食品中的存活细菌,通过消除死细胞信号来提高特异性。CDDP-LAMP 检测法为检测有活力的副溶血性弧菌细胞提供了一种快速、准确的方法,尤其是在资源有限的环境中。它还为筛查不同的细菌病原体提供了一个模型,加快并改进了食源性疾病风险评估。
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引用次数: 0
Scrutinizing harsh habitats endophytic fungi and their prospective effect on water-stressed maize seedlings. 研究生境恶劣的内生真菌及其对水胁迫玉米幼苗的影响。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00609-4
Gehad A El-Nahas, Mohsen E Ibrahim, Zakaria A M Baka, Ali H Ibrahim

Drought constitutes a significant abiotic stressor that hinders plant growth and productivity in many countries. Habitat-adapted endophytic fungi offer an environmentally sustainable approach to address this issue by promoting plant development and enhancing resilience against abiotic stresses. In this study, 30 endophytic fungal isolates were recovered from some wild plants in the extreme habitats of Port Said Governorate, Egypt, and evaluated for their drought tolerance using polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). Only eight isolates demonstrated drought tolerance properties and were further evaluated for their plant growth-promoting biochemical activities and ability to improve maize germination under simulated drought conditions. All eight isolates exhibited enzyme activity for endo-1,4-β-glucanase, amylase, and pectinase, and most displayed significant nutrient mobilization, with siderophores production ranging from 4 to 89%, ammonia production from 1 to 7 μmol/ml, and phosphate solubilization from 129 to 256 µg/ml. Additionally, all isolates showed strong antioxidant activity and high total phenolic content, with some also producing notable levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) as plant growth hormones. Coating maize grains with spore suspensions of the eight fungal isolates, in general, significantly increased their germination parameters and seedling vigor in vitro under 8% PEG-6000. This enhancement was particularly pronounced with Neurospora sitophila (P8L4M1) and Penicillium tardochrysogenum (P15L4M1), which increased the vigor of maize seedlings by approximately 308% compared to untreated control. Molecular identification of P8L4M1 and P15L4M1 was performed by amplifying the 28S rRNA gene. This study disclosed unique endophytic fungal isolates with promising potential for enhancing drought resistance in maize.

在许多国家,干旱是阻碍植物生长和生产力的重要非生物胁迫因素。与栖息地相适应的内生真菌通过促进植物生长和增强对非生物胁迫的恢复能力,为解决这一问题提供了一种环境可持续发展的方法。本研究从埃及塞得港省一些野生植物的极端栖息地中分离出 30 个内生真菌,并使用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)对其耐旱性进行了评估。只有八个分离物表现出耐旱性,并进一步评估了它们在模拟干旱条件下促进植物生长的生化活性和提高玉米发芽率的能力。所有八个分离株都表现出了内-1,4-β-葡聚糖酶、淀粉酶和果胶酶的酶活性,大多数分离株都表现出了显著的养分动员能力,苷元产量从 4% 到 89%不等,氨产量从 1 μmol/ml 到 7 μmol/ml不等,磷酸盐溶解度从 129 微克/毫升到 256 微克/毫升不等。此外,所有分离菌株都表现出很强的抗氧化活性和很高的总酚含量,其中一些还能产生显著水平的吲哚乙酸(IAA)和赤霉素(GA3)等植物生长激素。一般来说,在 8% 的 PEG-6000 条件下,用八种真菌分离物的孢子悬浮液涂覆玉米粒可显著提高其发芽参数和离体幼苗活力。嗜坐果神经孢子菌(P8L4M1)和跗关节青霉(P15L4M1)的这种提高尤为明显,与未经处理的对照组相比,它们使玉米幼苗的活力提高了约 308%。通过扩增 28S rRNA 基因,对 P8L4M1 和 P15L4M1 进行了分子鉴定。这项研究揭示了独特的内生真菌分离物,它们在提高玉米抗旱性方面具有广阔的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of calf separation on gut microbiome and fecal metabolome of mother in the captive Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis). 犊牛分离对人工饲养长江江豚肠道微生物组和母体粪便代谢组的影响
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00613-8
Syed Ata Ur Rahman Shah, Bin Tang, Dekui He, Yujiang Hao, Maaz Ahmad, Ghulam Nabi, Richard McLaughlin, Chaoqun Wang, Zhangbing Kou, Kexiong Wang

Social separation, or the absence of social support, can cause physical and psychological health issues. Social separation is crucial for the welfare of the Yangtze finless porpoise (YFP) in captivity because they face many challenges like frequent social separation, noise from visitors, and animal replacement, which can cause psychological and physiological stress. This research is aimed at assessing the potential negative impacts of social separation on the gut microbiome and metabolome of captive YFP, focusing on the potential imbalances caused by mother-calf separation. The study found that social separation did not alter the alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbes but increased the abundance of disease-associated taxa such as Romboutsia, Terrisporobacter, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_13 in the MC (mother-calf) group while increasing Paeniclostridium and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 associated with host health in the MS (mother-separated) group. The fecal metabolome underwent significant changes during social separation, with stress-associated metabolites like kainic acid, phenethylamine glucuronide, and paxilline upregulated in the MC group and host health-associated metabolites like butyric acid, 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, and fosinopril downregulated in the MS group. In addition, there was a strong association between the fecal microbiome and the metabolome of captive YFPs. The study enhances our comprehension of the detrimental effects of social separation, which result in disruptions in the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome. The study is aimed at introducing a new method for assessing the health and welfare of endangered mammals in captivity.

社会分离或缺乏社会支持会导致生理和心理健康问题。社会分离对圈养长江江豚的福利至关重要,因为它们面临着许多挑战,如频繁的社会分离、游客的噪音和动物替代,这些都会造成心理和生理压力。本研究旨在评估社会分离对人工饲养的长江江豚肠道微生物组和代谢组的潜在负面影响,重点关注母豚分离可能导致的失衡。研究发现,社会分离并没有改变肠道微生物的α和β多样性,但在MC(母-犊)组中增加了与疾病相关的类群,如Romboutsia、Terrisporobacter和Clostridium_sensu_stricto_13,而在MS(母-犊分离)组中增加了与宿主健康相关的Paeniclostridium和Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1。在社会分离过程中,粪便代谢组发生了显著变化,MC 组凯尼酸、苯乙胺葡萄糖醛酸苷和帕西林等与应激相关的代谢物上调,而 MS 组丁酸、6-羟基己酸和福辛普利等与宿主健康相关的代谢物下调。此外,圈养 YFP 的粪便微生物组和代谢组之间也存在密切联系。这项研究加深了我们对社会分离造成肠道微生物组和粪便代谢组紊乱的有害影响的理解。该研究旨在为评估圈养濒危哺乳动物的健康和福利引入一种新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Unstable pathogen profile in spotted seal (Phoca largha) gut microbiota and limited turnover with habitat microbiome. 斑海豹(Phoca largha)肠道微生物群的病原体特征不稳定,与栖息地微生物群的更替有限。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00615-6
Jing Du, Zhen Wang, Xianggang Gao, Yankuo Xing, Zhichuang Lu, Duohui Li, Edmond Sanganyado, Jiashen Tian

It is vital that we monitor the gut microbiota of sentinel species such as spotted seals (Phoca largha) and their association with habitat microbiomes, which can provide critical data for assessing the health of marine mammals and their potential ecological influences. In this study, PacBio technology was used to sequence the full-length bacterial 16S rRNA gene from the feces of captive and wild spotted seals, as well as samples from a wild population and their habitats. Based on the pathogen identification results, the gut microbiota of wild and captive spotted seals showed similar levels of pathogen richness and abundance. In particular, the pathogen profiles in wild spotted seals were more variable, with a high risk of disease in a minority of individuals. Meanwhile, the gut microbiota of spotted seals was significantly less diverse than their habitat microbiomes. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria dominated the gut microbiota of spotted seals and their habitat microbiomes, respectively. Furthermore, network analysis revealed that the gut microbiota of spotted seals was simple and weak. The ratios of microbial turnover between spotted seal gut microbiota and their habitat microbiomes were further analyzed using SourceTracker, and the estimated values were low (< 0.1%). These results provide baseline data on pathogen profiles in spotted seals and their potential interactions with habitat microbiomes.

我们必须监测斑海豹(Phoca largha)等哨兵物种的肠道微生物群及其与栖息地微生物群的关联,这可以为评估海洋哺乳动物的健康状况及其潜在的生态影响提供关键数据。本研究利用 PacBio 技术对圈养斑海豹和野生斑海豹粪便中的全长细菌 16S rRNA 基因以及野生斑海豹种群及其栖息地的样本进行了测序。根据病原体鉴定结果,野生斑海豹和人工饲养斑海豹的肠道微生物群显示出相似的病原体丰富度和丰度水平。特别是,野生斑海豹的病原体特征变化较大,少数个体患病风险较高。同时,斑海豹肠道微生物群的多样性明显低于其栖息地微生物群。在斑海豹的肠道微生物群及其栖息地微生物群中,固着菌和变形菌分别占主导地位。此外,网络分析显示,斑海豹肠道微生物群简单而脆弱。利用 SourceTracker 进一步分析了斑海豹肠道微生物群与其栖息地微生物群之间的微生物更替比率,估计值较低 (
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引用次数: 0
Effect of low-frequency alternating magnetic field on exopolysaccharide production and antioxidant capacity of Pleurotus citrinopileatus by submerged fermentation. 低频交变磁场对浸没发酵法柠檬多糖产量和抗氧化能力的影响
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00604-9
Jingya Qian, Dazhou Lu, Zixuan Zhang, Di Chen, Feng Zhao, Shuhao Huo, Feng Wang, Haile Ma, Juan Kan

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of low-frequency alternating magnetic field (LF-AMF) on the production of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) by submerged fermentation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus. The fermentation conditions optimized by the central composite design method were as follows: fermentation time of 6.18 days, temperature of 28.28 °C, shaking speed of 149.04 r/min, and inoculum amount of 8.43%. Under these conditions, a LF-AMF was applied to the submerged fermentation of P. citrinopileatus. When the intensity of LF-AMF was 40 Gs, the initial intervention time was 24 h after inoculation, and the treatment time was 6 h at one time, the mycelial biomass of P. citrinopileatus increased by 11.30%, and the EPS yield increased by 23.09% compared with the fermentation without LF-AMF treatment. The morphology of mycelium after LF-AMF treatment was observed by scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the surface of mycelium was wrinkled, and the structure of mycelium was loose, which might be more conducive to the production of EPS. Mycelium diameter decreased, and ATPase activity increased, indicating that LF-AMF had a positive effect on the production of EPS by P. citrinopileatus fermentation. Moreover, LF-AMF could improve the permeability of the mycelial cell membrane, facilitate the exchange of intracellular and extracellular substances, and increase the metabolic capacity of P. citrinopileatus. In vitro antioxidant test of EPS showed that LF-AMF treatment also improved its antioxidant capacity.

本研究旨在探讨低频交变磁场(LF-AMF)对浸没发酵柠檬多糖(Pleurotus citrinopileatus)产生胞外多糖(EPS)的影响。采用中心复合设计法优化的发酵条件为:发酵时间 6.18 天,温度 28.28 ℃,振荡速度 149.04 r/min,接种量 8.43%。在这些条件下,将 LF-AMF 应用于 P. citrinopileatus 的浸没发酵。当 LF-AMF 的强度为 40 Gs,初始干预时间为接种后 24 小时,每次处理时间为 6 小时时,与未经 LF-AMF 处理的发酵相比,P. citrinopileatus 的菌丝生物量增加了 11.30%,EPS 产量增加了 23.09%。扫描电子显微镜观察了经 LF-AMF 处理后菌丝的形态。结果发现,菌丝表面起皱,菌丝结构疏松,这可能更有利于 EPS 的产生。菌丝直径减小,ATP酶活性增加,表明LF-AMF对P. citrinopileatus发酵产生EPS有积极作用。此外,LF-AMF 还能改善菌丝细胞膜的通透性,促进细胞内外物质的交换,提高枸橼酸鹅膏菌的代谢能力。EPS的体外抗氧化测试表明,LF-AMF处理也能提高其抗氧化能力。
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引用次数: 0
Isolation and characterization of Pantoea ananatis and P. agglomerans in quinoa: P. ananatis as a potential fungal biocontroller and plant growth promoter. 藜麦中 Pantoea ananatis 和 P. agglomerans 的分离和特征:P. ananatis 是一种潜在的真菌生物控制剂和植物生长促进剂。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00608-5
Jeimy L Valbuena-Rodríguez, Ingrid Fonseca-Guerra, Claudia Buitrago-Yomayusa, Alexander Puentes-S, Martha Elizabeth Benavides Rozo

Chenopodium quinoa, globally recognized as quinoa, stands out as one of the cereals with the highest nutritional value native to the Americas. It is cultivated in the Andes Mountain range, and Colombia is no exception, with the Boyacá department emerging as a significant quinoa-producing region. The quinoa ecosystem harbors a rich array of microorganisms within its rhizosphere. In this current study, nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing isolates AM-0261 (Pantoea ananatis) and AM-0263 (Pantoea agglomerans) were sourced from rhizospheric soil samples of quinoa. These isolates were subjected to biochemical characterization and identification through PCR analysis and Sanger sequencing targeting a partial sequence of the 16 s region of the rRNA. To assess their potential as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), taking into consideration that P. ananatis is an IAA producer, greenhouse-based bioassays were conducted using seedlings. Additionally, dual culture assays were employed to showcase their antagonistic capabilities against primary beneficial and phytopathogenic fungi associated with quinoa cultivation in the region. The results underscore the remarkable potential of P. ananatis as a PGPR and a biocontrol agent against quinoa's phytopathogenic fungi. This study represents the pioneering exploration of the interaction between these two bacterial strains with quinoa rhizosphere tissue. In addition, the isolate of P. annatis (AM-0261) stands out, which presents phosphate solubilization capacity, nitrogen fixation, antagonistic capacity, and IAA production, characteristics that make it a promising strain for its use for the management of diseases of fungal origin, and in the future, it could be useful in reducing the use of chemical fertilizers.

藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa),全球公认的藜麦,是美洲原生营养价值最高的谷物之一。藜麦主要在安第斯山脉种植,哥伦比亚也不例外,博亚卡省是一个重要的藜麦产区。藜麦生态系统的根瘤层中蕴藏着丰富的微生物。本研究从藜麦根瘤土壤样本中提取了固氮和溶磷分离菌 AM-0261(Pantoea ananatis)和 AM-0263(Pantoea agglomerans)。对这些分离物进行了生化鉴定,并通过 PCR 分析和针对 rRNA 16 s 区部分序列的 Sanger 测序进行了鉴定。考虑到 P. ananatis 是一种 IAA 生产者,为了评估它们作为植物生长促进根瘤菌(PGPR)的潜力,使用秧苗进行了温室生物测定。此外,还采用了双重培养试验来展示它们对与该地区藜麦种植相关的主要有益真菌和植物病原真菌的拮抗能力。研究结果表明,P. ananatis 作为一种 PGPR 和生物控制剂,具有对抗藜麦植物病原真菌的巨大潜力。这项研究开创性地探索了这两种细菌菌株与藜麦根瘤组织之间的相互作用。此外,P. annatis(AM-0261)的分离菌株表现突出,它具有磷酸盐溶解能力、固氮能力、拮抗能力和产生 IAA 的能力,这些特性使其成为一种很有前途的菌株,可用于防治真菌引起的病害,将来还可用于减少化肥的使用。
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引用次数: 0
Community composition and co-occurrence of free-living and particle-attached bacteria in the source region of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers. 恒河和雅鲁藏布江源头地区自由生活细菌和颗粒附着细菌的群落组成和共存情况。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00607-6
Namita Paudel Adhikari, Subash Adhikari, Komal Raj Rijal

Bacteria have two trophic lifestyles in aquatic ecosystems, i.e., free-living (FL) and particle-attached (PA), with different but essential ecological roles. However, relevant knowledge is still dearth in the upstream source region of the Himalayan Rivers. Thus, we emphasized a comparative study on community composition, co-occurrence, and geographic distribution of the FL and PA bacteria and the effect of environmental factors in the source region of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers. PA bacteria relative to FL harbored a significantly higher local diversity, richness, and evenness. A significantly higher abundance of Betaproteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, and Planctomycetota in PA trophic lifestyle and Gammaproteobacteria and Actinomycetota in FL tropic lifestyle and indicator OTUs belonging to related taxa were observed. The spatial variation of the FL and PA bacterial communities was most significantly impacted by dispersal limitation as a discrete factor. Among the environmental parameters, the total nitrogen (TN) was found to be a significant (P < 0.001) driver of the variation in PA communities. Meanwhile, particulate organic carbon (POC) and TN considerably explained the variation of FL communities. A significant correlation (P < 0.001) of TN with dominant bacterial taxa (Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, and Verrucomicrobiota) and FL and PA indicator OTUs associated with these taxa further confirmed nitrogen as the limiting nutrient in the source region of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers. The co-occurrence network topological characteristics showed that the PA network was more stable than the FL network, which was more complicated and unstable. Thus, it can be speculated that FL communities relative to PA are more vulnerable to shifting upon disturbances.

细菌在水生生态系统中有两种营养生活方式,即自由生活(FL)和颗粒附着(PA),它们发挥着不同但重要的生态作用。然而,喜马拉雅山脉河流上游源头地区的相关知识仍然匮乏。因此,我们着重比较研究了恒河和雅鲁藏布江源头地区 FL 和 PA 细菌的群落组成、共存情况、地理分布以及环境因素的影响。与 FL 细菌相比,PA 细菌在当地的多样性、丰富度和均匀度明显更高。在 PA 营养级生活方式中,Betaproteobacteria、Verrucomicrobiota 和 Planctomycetota 的丰度明显更高;在 FL 营养级生活方式中,Gammaproteobacteria 和 Actinomycetota 的丰度明显更高。FL 和 PA 细菌群落的空间变化受扩散限制这一离散因素的影响最为显著。在环境参数中,发现总氮(TN)对 FL 和 PA 细菌群落的空间变化有显著影响(P
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引用次数: 0
Screening and application of functional autochthonous starter culture from cured meat, which can reduce nitrite content. 筛选和应用可降低亚硝酸盐含量的腌肉功能性自生启动培养物。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00606-7
Qiuhui Zhang, Jialong Shen, Gaoge Meng, Han Wang, Chang Liu, Chaozhi Zhu, Gaiming Zhao

Cured meat is a fermented meat product from the traditional Chinese culture made by natural fermentation. In this study, five bacteria strains were screened from cured meat using 16S rDNA technology, and a functional local starter was selected, which was applied to the production of cured meat to standardize the production of cured meat and improve the quality of cured meat. By studying the fermentation characteristics of strain these strains, this study found that the fermentation characteristics of L. mesenteroides and S. lactis are ideal. L. mesenteroides and S. lactis were used as starter cultures in fermented bacon. Then, this study compared the quality of fermented beef with Sichuan bacon, Hunan bacon, and Xinyang bacon. The results suggested that L. mesenteroides and S. lactis can improve the sensory and texture properties of the products and reduce the moisture content, water activity, pH value, and protein content of fermented beef products. More importantly, L. mesenteroides can significantly reduce the nitrite content (25.34%) and nitrosamine content (29.69%) in fermented beef, which provides an excellent guarantee for the safety of cured meat. In this study, a functional fermentation strain-L. mesenteroides could degrade the nitrite content of fermented meat products and improve their sensory and textural properties-was screened to provide some reference value for the later development of functional strains suitable for fermented meat products.

腌肉是中国传统文化中通过自然发酵制成的一种发酵肉制品。本研究利用 16S rDNA 技术从腌肉中筛选出 5 株菌株,并筛选出功能性地方启动菌,将其应用于腌肉的生产,以规范腌肉的生产,提高腌肉的品质。通过研究这些菌株的发酵特性,本研究发现,L. mesenteroides 和 S. lactis 的发酵特性非常理想。在发酵腌肉中使用介壳虫和乳酸杆菌作为起始培养物。然后,该研究比较了发酵牛肉与四川腊肉、湖南腊肉和信阳腊肉的质量。结果表明,介壳虫和乳酸杆菌能改善产品的感官和质地特性,降低发酵牛肉产品的水分含量、水活度、pH 值和蛋白质含量。更重要的是,L. mesenteroides 能显著降低发酵牛肉中的亚硝酸盐含量(25.34%)和亚硝胺含量(29.69%),为腌肉的安全性提供了很好的保证。本研究筛选了一种能降解发酵肉制品中亚硝酸盐含量并改善其感官和质构特性的功能性发酵菌株--介壳虫,为以后开发适用于发酵肉制品的功能性菌株提供了一定的参考价值。
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引用次数: 0
Viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus in acidophilus milk during frozen storage and its potential to lower cholesterol: an In vivo study. 嗜酸乳杆菌牛奶中嗜酸乳杆菌在冷冻储存期间的活力及其降低胆固醇的潜力:一项体内研究。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00605-8
Yurliasni Yurliasni, Elmy Mariana, Yusdar Zakaria, Zuraida Hanum

The viability and functional activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Lactobacillus acidophilus in a fermented milk product is important. One of the functional activities of the LAB in fermented milk is the ability of the LAB to positively impact the human health. This study aimed to determine the effect of frozen storage on the fermented milk, namely acidophilus milk, based on the nutritional milk quality, the viability of L. acidophilus, and its potential to lower cholesterol levels in Wistar rats. The parameters measured was including milk quality (mainly pH, protein content, lactic acid levels, and syneresis), L. acidophilus bacterial viability in frozen storage (for 1, 2, and 3 months), and some biological assays to evaluate the potential of milk in lowering blood cholesterol levels in Wistar rats. The result of this study suggests that acidophilus milk quality can be maintained in frozen storage for two months, and it had lactic acid levels of 1.07%, pH of 4.08, and protein levels of 3.33%. Giving acidophilus milk to Wistar rats for 15 days could reduce the cholesterol level continuously until 30 days of treatment. Therefore, this study proves that acidophilus milk quality can be maintained very well in frozen storage, and its functional properties to lower the cholesterol level of Wistar rats can be achieved after two weeks of consumption.

发酵乳产品中嗜酸乳杆菌等乳酸菌(LAB)的活力和功能活性非常重要。发酵奶中 LAB 的功能活性之一是 LAB 对人体健康产生积极影响的能力。本研究旨在根据牛奶的营养质量、嗜酸乳杆菌的活力及其降低 Wistar 大鼠胆固醇水平的潜力,确定冷冻储存对发酵牛奶(即嗜酸乳杆菌牛奶)的影响。测量的参数包括牛奶的质量(主要是 pH 值、蛋白质含量、乳酸含量和凝结水)、冷冻储存(1 个月、2 个月和 3 个月)中嗜酸乳杆菌的存活率,以及一些生物检测方法,以评估牛奶降低 Wistar 大鼠血液中胆固醇水平的潜力。研究结果表明,嗜酸乳在冷冻储存两个月后仍能保持其质量,其乳酸含量为 1.07%,pH 值为 4.08,蛋白质含量为 3.33%。给 Wistar 大鼠饮用嗜酸乳 15 天,可持续降低胆固醇水平,直至治疗 30 天。因此,这项研究证明,嗜酸乳在冷冻贮藏中可以很好地保持其质量,而且饮用两周后就能达到降低 Wistar 大鼠胆固醇水平的功能特性。
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International Microbiology
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