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Genetic and molecular studies of fitC4 and its suppressors fitA76* and fit95 in Escherichia coli. 大肠杆菌中fitC4及其抑制子fitA76*和fit95的遗传和分子研究。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00610-x
Praveen Belagal

The fitA/pheS and fitB/pheT genes were previously proposed to function as transcription factors. The originally identified temperature sensitive (Ts) transcription-defective fitA76 mutant was shown to harbour a second mutation, fit95 (pheT) in addition to pheS5 (pheS; G293 → A293 transition). A new fit mutation namely, fitC4 (fitC locus) was identified in a Ts+ derivative of fitA76, namely JV4. Genetic mapping revealed that fitC4 mutation could be an extragenic suppressor, as it mapped at 39.01 min while fitAB loci mapped at 38.7 min on E. coli chromosome. Upon separation from JV4, fitC4 (Ts) failed to suppress the original fitA76 mutant (pheS5-fit95). Instead, JV4 harboured a modified form of fitA76 designated fitA76* (pheS4-fit95) with G293 → C293 transversion occurred at the same site of pheS5. The fitC4 and fitA76* mutations were genetically separated and reassembled to show that they both suppress each other as like in JV4. The separated fitC4 and fitA76* mutations behave like original fitA76 mutant in terms of transcription abnormality. This study focusses on further characterization of fitC4 and its accompanied mutations. The mutations fitC4, fitA76* and fitC4-fitA76* (reconstructed) are mobilized into new genetic backgrounds where the viability of these strains varied significantly. Growth and transcription abnormalities of fitC4 and fitA76* at 42 °C are restored in the reconstructed strain (fitC4-fitA76*), but not the β-galactosidase induction. As direct evidence, fit95 is shown to suppress fitC4 in a rpoB201 mutation background where fit95 phenotype is completely stabilized. The implications of these results with reference to transcription control by Fit factors in vivo are discussed.

fitA/pheS和fitB/pheT基因先前被认为是转录因子。最初鉴定的温度敏感(Ts)转录缺陷的fitA76突变体被证明除了pheS5 (pheS)外还含有第二个突变,fit95 (pheT);G293→A293过渡)。在fitA76的Ts+衍生物JV4中发现了一个新的匹配突变fitC4 (fitC位点)。遗传图谱显示,fitC4突变位点在大肠杆菌染色体上的定位时间为39.01 min, fitAB位点在38.7 min。与JV4分离后,fitC4 (Ts)无法抑制原fitA76突变体(pheS5-fit95)。取而代之的是,JV4携带了fitA76的修饰形式fitA76* (pheS4-fit95), G293→C293发生在pheS5的同一位点。fitC4和fitA76*突变在基因上分离并重新组装,显示它们像在JV4中一样相互抑制。分离的fitC4和fitA76*突变在转录异常方面与原fitA76突变相似。本研究的重点是进一步表征fitC4及其伴随突变。突变fitC4, fitA76*和fitC4-fitA76*(重组)被调动到新的遗传背景中,这些菌株的生存能力发生了显著变化。重建菌株(fitC4-fitA76*)在42°C下恢复了fitC4和fitA76*的生长和转录异常,但未恢复β-半乳糖苷酶的诱导。作为直接证据,在rpoB201突变背景下,fit95表型完全稳定,fit95可以抑制fitC4。这些结果的意义与参考转录控制的Fit因子在体内进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Pleurotus extract-mediated selenium and zinc nanoparticles exhibited improved yield of biofortified fruit bodies. 褐藻提取物介导的硒和锌纳米颗粒提高了生物强化果体的产量。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00527-5
Samson Debbarma, Shivani Sharma, Anu Kalia

The current study was aimed for the generation of Pleurotus extracellular extract-mediated selenium and zinc-oxide nanoparticles (NPs). The Pleurotus djamor (PD) and Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC) extracts were incubated with different concentrations of sodium selenate and zinc acetate to yield BioSeNPs and BioZnONPs. The NPs formation led to visual color change (brick-red and white for Se and Zn nanosols, respectively). The synthesized NPs were spherical with size of 124 and 68 nm and 84 and 91 nm for PD and PSC BioSeNPs and BioZnONPs respectively. The UV absorbance peaks were recorded at 293.2 and 292.2 nm and 365.9 and 325.5 nm for BioSeNPs and BioZnONPs derived from PD and PSC respectively. FT-IR spectroscopy indicated specific functional group adoration on metal-based NPs. On supplementation in straw, these NPs improved the fruit body yield besides enhancing their protein and Se/ Zn contents. These biofortified mushrooms could be potential dietary supplement/ nutraceutical.

目前的研究旨在生成由黑木耳胞外萃取物介导的硒和氧化锌纳米颗粒(NPs)。Pleurotus djamor(PD)和Pleurotus sajor-caju(PSC)提取物与不同浓度的硒酸钠和醋酸锌孵育,生成BioSeNPs和BioZnONPs。NPs 的形成导致了视觉颜色的变化(硒和锌纳米溶液分别为砖红色和白色)。合成的 NPs 呈球形,PD 和 PSC BioSeNPs 和 BioZnONPs 的尺寸分别为 124 和 68 nm 以及 84 和 91 nm。由 PD 和 PSC 制备的 BioSeNPs 和 BioZnONPs 的紫外吸光度峰值分别为 293.2 和 292.2 纳米以及 365.9 和 325.5 纳米。傅立叶变换红外光谱显示了金属基 NPs 上特定官能团的吸附。在秸秆中添加这些 NPs 后,除了能提高子实体的蛋白质和硒/锌含量外,还能提高子实体的产量。这些生物强化蘑菇可作为潜在的膳食补充剂/营养保健品。
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引用次数: 0
Characterizations of gut bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome of healthy individuals living in sea-level and high-altitude areas. 生活在海平面和高海拔地区的健康人的肠道细菌组、霉菌生物组和病毒组的特征。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00531-9
Zhen Xiao, Yue Zhang, Wei Zhang, Aiqin Zhang, Guangyang Wang, Changming Chen, Hayan Ullah, Taj Ayaz, Shenghui Li, Duoji Zhaxi, Qiulong Yan, Jian Kang, Xiaoguang Xu

Background: The contribution of gut microbiota to human high-altitude adaptation remains inadequately understood.

Methods: Here a comparative analysis of gut microbiota was conducted between healthy individuals living at sea level and high altitude using deep whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing, to investigate the adaptive mechanisms of gut microbiota in plateau inhabitants.

Results: The results showed the gut bacteriomes in high-altitude individuals exhibited greater within-sample diversity and significant alterations in both bacterial compositional and functional profiles when compared to those of sea-level individuals, indicating the potential selection of unique bacteria associated with high-altitude environments. The strain-level investigation revealed enrichment of Collinsella aerofaciens and Akkermansia muciniphila in high-altitude populations. The characteristics of gut virome and gut mycobiome were also investigated. Compared to sea-level subjects, high-altitude subjects exhibited a greater diversity in their gut virome, with an increased number of viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) and unique annotated genes. Finally, correlation analyses revealed 819 significant correlations between 42 bacterial species and 375 vOTUs, while no significant correlations were observed between bacteria and fungi or between fungi and viruses.

Conclusion: The findings have significantly contributed to an enhanced comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the high-altitude geographic adaptation of the human gut microbiota.

背景:人们对肠道微生物群对人类高海拔适应性的贡献了解不足:方法:本文采用深度全基因组霰弹枪测序技术对生活在海平面和高海拔地区的健康人的肠道微生物群进行了比较分析,以研究高原居民肠道微生物群的适应机制:结果:研究结果表明,与海平面个体相比,高海拔个体的肠道细菌组在样本内表现出更高的多样性,细菌的组成和功能特征都发生了显著变化,这表明与高海拔环境相关的独特细菌可能被选育出来。菌株层面的调查显示,高海拔人群中富含Collinsella aerofaciens和Akkermansia muciniphila。此外,还研究了肠道病毒组和肠道霉菌生物组的特征。与海平面受试者相比,高海拔受试者的肠道病毒组表现出更大的多样性,病毒操作分类单元(vOTUs)和独特注释基因的数量也有所增加。最后,相关性分析表明,42种细菌与375个vOTUs之间存在819种显著相关性,而细菌与真菌之间或真菌与病毒之间没有发现显著相关性:结论:这些发现大大有助于加深对人类肠道微生物群的高海拔地理适应机制的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of ectomycorrhizal fungal community of Abies Pindrow using sporocarp sampling, morphotyping, and metabarcoding through next-generation sequencing. 利用孢子囊取样、形态分型和新一代测序技术确定松柏外生菌根真菌群落的特征。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00522-w
Ashwani Tapwal, Neha Sharma

Abies pindrow, commonly known as the West-Himalayan Fir, holds great ecological importance as a native tree species in the Himalayas. Beyond its value as a fuel and timber source, it serves as a keystone species within the ecosystem. However, over recent years, extensive degradation and deforestation have afflicted A. pindrow forests. Utilizing ectomycorrhizal fungal symbionts of A. pindrow could prove pivotal in restoring these deteriorated forests. This study aimed to evaluate the diversity and composition of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community associated with A. pindrow. We employed ectomycorrhizal root tip morphotyping, sporocarp sampling, and Illumina MiSeq metabarcoding of the ITS region of fungal nrDNA. The ectomycorrhizal root tips were categorized into 10 morphotypes based on their morphological characteristics, exhibiting an average colonization rate of 74%. Sporocarp sampling revealed 22 species across 10 genera, with Russula being the most prevalent. The metabarcoding yielded 285,148 raw sequences, identifying 326 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 193 genera, 114 families, 45 orders, 22 classes, and 6 divisions. Of these, 36 OTUs across 20 genera were ectomycorrhizal, constituting 63.1% of the fungal community. Notably, Tuber was the most abundant, representing 37.42% of the fungal population, followed by Russula at 21.06%. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of mycorrhizal symbionts of A. pindrow. The findings hold significant implications for utilizing dominant ectomycorrhizal fungi in reforestation endeavors aimed at restoring this important Himalayan conifer.

西喜马拉雅冷杉(Abies pindrow)是喜马拉雅山脉的本土树种,具有重要的生态意义。除了作为燃料和木材来源的价值外,它还是生态系统中的关键物种。然而,近年来,大面积的森林退化和滥砍滥伐给松柏林造成了影响。利用松柏林树的外生菌根真菌共生体对恢复这些退化的森林至关重要。本研究的目的是评估与松鸦相关的外生菌根真菌群落的多样性和组成。我们采用了外生菌根顶端形态分型、孢子囊取样和 Illumina MiSeq 真菌 nrDNA 的 ITS 区域代谢编码。根据外生菌根尖的形态特征,将其分为 10 种形态类型,平均定植率为 74%。孢子囊取样发现了 10 个属的 22 个物种,其中 Russula 属最为普遍。代谢编码产生了 285,148 条原始序列,确定了 326 个操作分类单元(OTU),分别属于 193 属、114 科、45 目、22 类和 6 分区。其中,20 个属的 36 个 OTU 属于外生菌根真菌,占真菌群落的 63.1%。值得注意的是,块菌的数量最多,占真菌群落的 37.42%,其次是 Russula,占 21.06%。这项研究提供了对松鸦菌根共生体的全面了解。研究结果对于在植树造林工作中利用优势外生菌根真菌恢复这种重要的喜马拉雅针叶树具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Human gut microbiome, diet, and mental disorders. 人类肠道微生物组、饮食和精神疾病。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00518-6
Alejandro Borrego-Ruiz, Juan J Borrego

Diet is one of the most important external factor shaping the composition and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host health, including immune system development, nutrients metabolism, and the synthesis of bioactive molecules. In addition, the gut microbiome has been described as critical for the development of several mental disorders. Nutritional psychiatry is an emerging field of research that may provide a link between diet, microbial function, and brain health. In this study, we have reviewed the influence of different diet types, such as Western, Mediterranean, vegetarian, and ketogenic, on the gut microbiota composition and function, and their implication in various neuropsychiatric and psychological disorders.

饮食是影响肠道微生物组组成和代谢活动的最重要外部因素之一。肠道微生物组对宿主的健康起着至关重要的作用,包括免疫系统的发育、营养代谢和生物活性分子的合成。此外,肠道微生物组对多种精神疾病的发展也至关重要。营养精神病学是一个新兴的研究领域,可提供饮食、微生物功能和大脑健康之间的联系。在本研究中,我们回顾了不同饮食类型(如西方饮食、地中海饮食、素食和生酮饮食)对肠道微生物群组成和功能的影响,以及它们对各种神经精神疾病和心理疾病的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The gills and skin microbiota of five pelagic fish species from the Atlantic Ocean. 大西洋五种中上层鱼类的鳃和皮肤微生物群。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00524-8
José Luis Varela, Eleni Nikouli, Antonio Medina, Sokratis Papaspyrou, Konstantinos Kormas

The gills and skin microbiota and microbiome of wild fish remain far more under-investigated compared to that of farmed fish species, despite that these animal-microbe interactions hold the same ecophysiological roles in both cases. In this study, the gills and skin bacterial microbiota profiles and their presumptive bacterial metabolisms were investigated in five open-sea fishes: bullet tuna (Auxis sp.), common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus), Atlantic little tunny (Euthynnus alletteratus), Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) and Atlantic white marlin (Kajikia albida). Gills and skin tissues were collected from two to three individuals per species, from specimens caught by recreational trolling during summer of 2019, and their bacterial 16S rRNA gene diversity was analysed by high-throughput sequencing. The gills bacterial communities among the five species were clearly different but not the skin bacterial microbiota. The dominant operational taxonomic units belonged to the Moraxellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Staphylococcaceae and Vibrionaceae families. Despite the differences in taxonomic composition, the presumptive bacterial metabolisms between the gills and skin of the five fishes investigated here were ≥ 94% similar and were dominated by basic metabolism, most likely reflecting the continuous exposure of these tissues in the surrounding seawater.

与养殖鱼类相比,野生鱼类的鳃和皮肤微生物群及微生物组的研究仍然远远不足,尽管这些动物与微生物的相互作用在两种情况下都具有相同的生态生理作用。本研究调查了五种公海鱼类的鳃和皮肤细菌微生物群谱及其推测的细菌代谢情况:子弹头金枪鱼(Auxis sp.)、普通鲯鳅(Coryphaena hippurus)、大西洋小金枪鱼(Euthynnus alletteratus)、大西洋鲣鱼(Sarda sarda)和大西洋白枪鱼(Kajikia albida)。在2019年夏季,从休闲拖钓捕获的标本中采集了每个物种2至3个个体的鳃和皮肤组织,并通过高通量测序分析了它们的细菌16S rRNA基因多样性。五个物种的鳃细菌群落有明显差异,但皮肤细菌微生物群落没有差异。主要的操作分类单元属于摩拉菌科(Moraxellaceae)、假单胞菌科(Pseudomonadaceae)、罗杆菌科(Rhodobacteraceae)、葡萄球菌科(Staphylococcaceae)和弧菌科(Vibrionaceae)。尽管分类组成存在差异,但本文研究的五种鱼类的鳃和皮肤的推测细菌代谢相似度≥ 94%,且以基础代谢为主,这很可能反映了这些组织持续暴露在周围海水中的情况。
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引用次数: 0
Extraction and characterization of carotenoid pigments with antioxidant and antibacterial potential from marine yeast Rhodotorula sp. KSB1. 从海洋酵母 Rhodotorula sp. KSB1 中提取并鉴定具有抗氧化和抗菌潜力的类胡萝卜素色素。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00529-3
Somak Banerjee, Anwesha Sarkar, K V Bhaskara Rao

Pigments are coloring agents used widely in different industrial sectors. There is a demand for using natural pigments rather than synthetic dyes because of the health hazards caused by synthetic dyes. Many natural pigments have different medicinal activities which can contribute to the nutritional value of the product. This study was carried forward with marine yeasts which can produce pigments. A total of 4 marine yeast isolates were recovered from the mangrove area of Sundarbans, West Bengal, India. Among them, the isolate KSB1 produced 856 µg/g total concentration of carotenoid pigment and the dry mass weight was 3.56 g/L. The stability of the extracted pigments was checked using temperature, pH, UV light exposure time, and different saline conditions. The pigments were characterized using HPLC and FTIR analysis. All of the extracted pigments showed good antioxidant activity in DPPH, metal chelating, and reducing power assay. The pigments were also found to have good antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli. Carotenoid pigment from KSB1 was found to have maximum activity in all the pathogens. The cytogenotoxicity using onion roots and phytotoxicity analysis indicated that the pigments were non-toxic and safe for cells. Finally, the potential marine yeast was identified using 18 s rRNA sequencing and identified as Rhodotorula sp. KSB1 (Accession no. MH782232).

颜料是广泛应用于不同工业领域的着色剂。由于合成染料会对健康造成危害,因此人们需要使用天然色素而不是合成染料。许多天然色素具有不同的药用活性,可以提高产品的营养价值。这项研究以能产生色素的海洋酵母为对象。从印度西孟加拉邦孙德尔本斯的红树林地区共分离出 4 种海洋酵母菌。其中,KSB1 分离物产生的类胡萝卜素色素总浓度为 856 微克/克,干重为 3.56 克/升。利用温度、pH 值、紫外线照射时间和不同的盐水条件检测了提取色素的稳定性。采用高效液相色谱法和傅立叶变换红外光谱法对色素进行了表征。在 DPPH、金属螯合和还原力检测中,所有提取的色素都显示出良好的抗氧化活性。研究还发现,这些色素对细菌病原体金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌和大肠杆菌具有良好的抗菌活性。研究发现,KSB1 的类胡萝卜素色素对所有病原体都具有最强的活性。利用洋葱根进行的细胞毒性和植物毒性分析表明,这些色素对细胞无毒无害。最后,利用 18 s rRNA 测序鉴定了潜在的海洋酵母菌,并确定其为 Rhodotorula sp.KSB1(登录号:MH782232)。
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引用次数: 0
Agglutination of Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella enterica through competitive exclusion using potassium chloride with gum arabic. 用氯化钾和阿拉伯胶竞争排斥法凝集大肠杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌和肠炎沙门氏菌。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00625-4
Akinori Uehara, Mayumi Maekawa, Yasuteru Sakamoto, Kazuki Nakagawa

Bacterial infections causing necrotic enteritis and diarrhea pose a considerable economic loss to the animal industry. Using mannose oligosaccharides as competitive exclusion agents is an alternative method to antibiotic growth promoters; however, these materials are rapidly metabolized by gut microbiota, posing a challenge in sustaining their efficacy. The aim of this study was to identify an agglutination material that is effective against pathogens. Polysaccharides and salts were assessed using agglutination assays, microscopy, and zeta potential analysis. Gum arabic (GA) demonstrated strong agglutination against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. Potassium chloride altered the cell form of Clostridium perfringens from rod-like to coccoid. When combined with GA, KCl effectively agglutinated all three bacterial species tested. Zeta potential analysis showed that agglutination resulted from bacteria, GA, and KCl interactions. Among various salts mixed with GA, KCl was found to strongly agglutinate C. perfringens upon its change into the coccoid form. Moreover, this combination has been shown to agglutinate mixtures of pathogens, such as C. perfringens and S. enterica. Thus, a combination of GA and KCl offers a potential solution to combat the pathogens associated with necrotic enteritis and diarrhea in animals.

细菌感染引起的坏死性肠炎和腹泻给畜牧业造成了相当大的经济损失。使用甘露寡糖作为竞争排斥剂是抗生素生长促进剂的替代方法;然而,这些材料被肠道微生物群迅速代谢,对维持其功效提出了挑战。本研究的目的是鉴定一种对病原体有效的凝集物质。使用凝集试验、显微镜和zeta电位分析来评估多糖和盐。阿拉伯胶(GA)对大肠杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌具有较强的凝集作用。氯化钾使产气荚膜梭菌的细胞形态由棒状变为球状。当与GA结合时,KCl有效地凝集了所有测试的三种细菌。Zeta电位分析表明,凝集是由细菌、GA和KCl相互作用引起的。在与GA混合的各种盐中,发现KCl在产气荚膜梭菌转变为球粒形态时具有很强的凝集作用。此外,这种组合已被证明可以凝集病原体的混合物,如产气荚膜荚膜杆菌和肠球菌。因此,GA和KCl的组合为对抗动物坏死性肠炎和腹泻相关病原体提供了一种潜在的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Production of cost-effective rhamnolipid from Halopseudomonas sabulinigri OZK5 using waste frying oil. 利用废煎炸油从褐藻单胞菌OZK5生产高性价比的鼠李糖脂。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00630-7
Mustafa Ozkan Baltacı, Seyda Albayrak, Sumeyye Akbulut, Elanur Dasdemir, Hakan Ozkan, Ahmet Adiguzel, Mesut Taskin

The major barrier to the wide-range application of biosurfactants is their high cost of production and low yield. In this study, waste frying oil (WFO) was used as the sole carbon source to produce cost-effective and eco-friendly rhamnolipids by Halopseudomonas sabulinigri OZK5 isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil samples. The optimal culture conditions for rhamnolipid production were determined as 30 ml/l waste frying oil, 37 °C temperature, pH 8, and 72 h incubation time. Under the optimized conditions 2.97 g/l rhamnolipid production was achieved. With a critical micelle concentration of 50 mg/l, the rhamnolipids could reduce the surface tension of water to 37.5 mN/m and demonstrate strong emulsifying activity (E24 = 67.3%). As a result of FTIR analyses, major peaks were obtained at 2924, 2854, 1720, 1570, 1396, 1051, and 981 cm-1. In conclusion, rhamnolipid production by non-pathogenic Halopseudomonas sabulinigri OZK5 using a low-cost fermentation medium has been shown to be biotechnologically promising.

生物表面活性剂广泛应用的主要障碍是其生产成本高、产率低。本研究以废煎炸油为唯一碳源,利用从原油污染的土壤样品中分离得到的沙布林盐假单胞菌OZK5生产经济环保的鼠李糖脂。鼠李糖脂的最佳培养条件为:废煎炸油30 ml/l,温度37℃,pH 8,培养时间72 h。在优化条件下,鼠李糖脂的产量为2.97 g/l。当临界胶束浓度为50 mg/l时,鼠李糖脂可使水的表面张力降至37.5 mN/m,具有较强的乳化活性(E24 = 67.3%)。FTIR分析结果显示,主要峰位于2924、2854、1720、1570、1396、1051和981 cm-1。综上所述,利用低成本的发酵培养基生产鼠李糖脂是非致病性的盐假单胞菌OZK5已被证明具有生物技术前景。
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引用次数: 0
Maximizing dopa-oxidase activity in Aspergillus oryzae mycelia: insights into production optimization and potential biomedical applications. 最大化米曲霉菌丝多巴氧化酶活性:生产优化和潜在生物医学应用的见解。
IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-12-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00627-2
Sikander Ali, Hijab Zahra, M Usman Ahmad, Rukhma, Najeeb Ullah, Abid Sarwar, Tariq Aziz, Metab Alharbi, Abdullah F Alasmari, Thamer H Albekairi

The present research work is concerned with the production and optimization of the dopa-oxidase enzyme by using pre-grown mycelia of Aspergillus oryzae. Different strains of A. oryzae were collected and isolated from various soil samples. Out of 32 isolated strains, isolates 19 and 27 were selected as they showed higher dopa-oxidase activity. Biomass harvesting was accomplished in a medium containing chloramphenicol as an antibiotic. The mycelia were filtered, washed with cold water, and stored at 4 ºC. A dopa-oxidase assay was performed, and absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 505 nm. Different physical parameters such as medium pH (6), temperature (30 ºC), and inoculum size (1.5% v/v) were optimized after the results of the assay. Other parameters like nitrogen requirements, biomass level (2 mg/ml), L-tyrosine (3.75 mg/ml), and L-ascorbic acid (8.75 mg/ml) concentrations were evaluated by reaction procedure. Certain micro and macronutrients and stabilizers, including Rochelle salt (20 µM), glycerol (25 µM), orthophosphoric acid (15 µM), and ethanol (20 µM), can also increase dopa-oxidase activity. In the last stage, the time of incubation (48 h) was optimized for maximum dopa-oxidase activity as well as L-dopaquinone production. Hence, from the results of the present study, it was observed that the activity of dopa-oxidase could be increased in the reaction mixture by the addition of various substances. They enhanced the dopa-oxidase activity up to 34.18 and 29.02 U/ml for isolates 19 and 27, respectively. In the future, dopa-oxidase can be used to produce stable L-dopaquinone from L-phenylalanine, which will provide clinical applications.

本研究是利用米曲霉预培养菌丝生产多巴氧化酶并对其进行优化。从不同的土壤样品中分离到不同的稻瘟病菌。从32株分离菌株中,选择了具有较高多巴氧化酶活性的19株和27株。生物质收获是在含有氯霉素作为抗生素的培养基中完成的。菌丝过滤,冷水洗涤,4℃保存。多巴氧化酶测定,在505 nm波长处测定吸光度。根据实验结果对培养基pH(6)、温度(30℃)、接种量(1.5% v/v)等物理参数进行优化。其他参数如氮需求、生物量水平(2 mg/ml)、l -酪氨酸(3.75 mg/ml)和l -抗坏血酸(8.75 mg/ml)浓度通过反应程序进行评估。某些微量和宏量营养素和稳定剂,包括罗谢尔盐(20µM)、甘油(25µM)、正磷酸(15µM)和乙醇(20µM),也可以增加多巴氧化酶的活性。最后对培养时间(48 h)进行优化,以获得最大的多巴氧化酶活性和l -多巴醌的产量。因此,从本研究的结果可以看出,在反应混合物中加入各种物质可以提高多巴氧化酶的活性。分离菌株19和27的多巴氧化酶活性分别达到34.18和29.02 U/ml。未来,多巴氧化酶可用于从l -苯丙氨酸中制备稳定的l -多巴醌,具有临床应用价值。
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International Microbiology
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