Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0024
Brian Chen, Simon J. M. Davis, F. Maguire
This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of plastic and burns surgery. It begins with general principles of the anaesthetic management of plastic surgical patients. Surgical procedures covered include breast augmentation, reconstruction and reduction surgery; free flap surgery; liposuction; skin grafting and burns reconstructive surgery. The chapter includes pertinent anaesthetic features for a series of additional miscellaneous plastic surgical operations.
{"title":"Plastic and burns surgery","authors":"Brian Chen, Simon J. M. Davis, F. Maguire","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0024","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of plastic and burns surgery. It begins with general principles of the anaesthetic management of plastic surgical patients. Surgical procedures covered include breast augmentation, reconstruction and reduction surgery; free flap surgery; liposuction; skin grafting and burns reconstructive surgery. The chapter includes pertinent anaesthetic features for a series of additional miscellaneous plastic surgical operations.","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133352812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0037
Oliver Dodd, A. Wickham, E. Clitheroe, F. Cantle, N. Freeman
This chapter describes the anaesthetic management of the major trauma patient. It begins with immediate trauma care, the patient journey, primary survey and resuscitation. The management of head and traumatic brain injury, thoracic injury, abdominal and pelvic injuries, spinal injury, limb and extremity injury, blast injury and gunshot wounds and traumatic cardiac arrest are discussed. The specific management of burns, paediatric trauma and silver trauma are covered. Anaesthesia for major trauma, including damage control resuscitation and damage control surgery are discussed.
{"title":"The major trauma patient","authors":"Oliver Dodd, A. Wickham, E. Clitheroe, F. Cantle, N. Freeman","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0037","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes the anaesthetic management of the major trauma patient. It begins with immediate trauma care, the patient journey, primary survey and resuscitation. The management of head and traumatic brain injury, thoracic injury, abdominal and pelvic injuries, spinal injury, limb and extremity injury, blast injury and gunshot wounds and traumatic cardiac arrest are discussed. The specific management of burns, paediatric trauma and silver trauma are covered. Anaesthesia for major trauma, including damage control resuscitation and damage control surgery are discussed.","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126161812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.4135/9781446251324.n6
N. Kennedy, K. Reeve, Elizabeth Fontaine, S. White, R. Mawer, A. Lomas
This chapter focuses on those vulnerable patient groups who carry high perioperative risk and need special perioperative consideration, such as those with obesity, malnourished patients, older patients, and patients with learning disabilities and/or autism.
{"title":"At-risk populations","authors":"N. Kennedy, K. Reeve, Elizabeth Fontaine, S. White, R. Mawer, A. Lomas","doi":"10.4135/9781446251324.n6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446251324.n6","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on those vulnerable patient groups who carry high perioperative risk and need special perioperative consideration, such as those with obesity, malnourished patients, older patients, and patients with learning disabilities and/or autism.","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115853050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0025
M. Rucklidge, Peter Garnett
This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of gastrointestinal surgery. It begins with a description of management principles for major gastrointestinal (GI) surgery, both open and laparoscopic. Surgical procedures covered include colorectal surgery; laparoscopic surgery (including laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic colonic surgery); appendicectomy; inguinal hernia repair, and anal/perianal procedures
{"title":"Gastrointestinal surgery","authors":"M. Rucklidge, Peter Garnett","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0025","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of gastrointestinal surgery. It begins with a description of management principles for major gastrointestinal (GI) surgery, both open and laparoscopic. Surgical procedures covered include colorectal surgery; laparoscopic surgery (including laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic colonic surgery); appendicectomy; inguinal hernia repair, and anal/perianal procedures","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124558479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0003
Tom Blincoe, D. Kotwinski, Ian Densham
This chapter focuses on the collaborative approach taken to get patients as fit for surgery as possible in the time frame available. It examines how the preoperative team work together with hospital specialists and GPs to identify and minimise risk factors for postoperative complications, focusing on prehabilitation, blood management, fasting, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, antibiotic prophylaxis, perioperative medications, herbal medicines, and premedicants.
{"title":"Preoptimisation","authors":"Tom Blincoe, D. Kotwinski, Ian Densham","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the collaborative approach taken to get patients as fit for surgery as possible in the time frame available. It examines how the preoperative team work together with hospital specialists and GPs to identify and minimise risk factors for postoperative complications, focusing on prehabilitation, blood management, fasting, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, antibiotic prophylaxis, perioperative medications, herbal medicines, and premedicants.","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122360830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0034
A. Wickham, K. Holmes, C. Dunlop, D. Tomlinson
This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of patients for CT or MRI scanning or interventional radiology procedures. It describes the particular hazards associated with the CT and MRI scanning rooms and recommends appropriate anaesthetic techniques. Interventional radiology procedures may include angioplasty; stenting; embolisation; chemotherapy; radiofrequency ablation; cryoablation; thrombolysis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS), fluid aspiration, biopsies, percutaneous drain placement and vertebroplasty or cementoplasty. Anaesthesia for cardiology procedures is discussed, including cardioversion, angiography, cardiac device insertion and removal, electrophysiology procedures, and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
{"title":"Anaesthesia for radiology and cardiology","authors":"A. Wickham, K. Holmes, C. Dunlop, D. Tomlinson","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0034","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of patients for CT or MRI scanning or interventional radiology procedures. It describes the particular hazards associated with the CT and MRI scanning rooms and recommends appropriate anaesthetic techniques. Interventional radiology procedures may include angioplasty; stenting; embolisation; chemotherapy; radiofrequency ablation; cryoablation; thrombolysis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS), fluid aspiration, biopsies, percutaneous drain placement and vertebroplasty or cementoplasty. Anaesthesia for cardiology procedures is discussed, including cardioversion, angiography, cardiac device insertion and removal, electrophysiology procedures, and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127543322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0027
A. Kotze, Nilmini Manawaduge
This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of liver procedures. It begins with a description of the anaesthetic management of acute oesophageal bleeding, transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt procedures, liver transplantation and hepatic resection.
{"title":"Liver procedures","authors":"A. Kotze, Nilmini Manawaduge","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0027","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of liver procedures. It begins with a description of the anaesthetic management of acute oesophageal bleeding, transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt procedures, liver transplantation and hepatic resection.","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114933430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0042
A. Bradley
This chapter provides a drug formulary which is pertinent to the anaesthetist. Adult and paediatric doses of over 100 drugs are provided, and a series of infusion regimes is presented.
本章提供了与麻醉师相关的药物处方。提供了100多种药物的成人和儿科剂量，并介绍了一系列输注方案。
{"title":"Drug formulary","authors":"A. Bradley","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0042","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a drug formulary which is pertinent to the anaesthetist. Adult and paediatric doses of over 100 drugs are provided, and a series of infusion regimes is presented.","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121601690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0040
Mark Fairley
This chapter discusses the techniques of regional anaesthesia and analgesia. It begins with an overview of regional anaesthesia and goes on to describe safe practice, and local anaesthetic agents. Techniques of locating nerves are then discussed, including ultrasound, and needle design is explored. Nerve blocks of the neck; upper limb; trunk; lower limb, and the neuraxis (spine) are described. Coagulation disorders, nerve injury and the management of local anaesthetic toxicity are discussed. The chapter concludes with a dermatome map and tables of recommended nerve blocks for particular operations.
{"title":"Regional anaesthesia","authors":"Mark Fairley","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0040","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the techniques of regional anaesthesia and analgesia. It begins with an overview of regional anaesthesia and goes on to describe safe practice, and local anaesthetic agents. Techniques of locating nerves are then discussed, including ultrasound, and needle design is explored. Nerve blocks of the neck; upper limb; trunk; lower limb, and the neuraxis (spine) are described. Coagulation disorders, nerve injury and the management of local anaesthetic toxicity are discussed. The chapter concludes with a dermatome map and tables of recommended nerve blocks for particular operations.","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128600010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0035
J. Eldridge, Nicola H. Cox, A. Allana, Heidi Lightfoot
This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of the pregnant patient, for labour analgesia as well as surgical intervention. It begins with a description of the physiological and pharmacological changes of pregnancy. It describes methods of labour analgesia, including remifentanil, and epidural analgesia and its complications, such as post dural puncture headache (PDPH). It describes anaesthesia for Caesarean section (both regional and general); failed intubation; antacid prophylaxis; postoperative analgesia; retained placenta; in utero fetal death; hypertensive disease of pregnancy (pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and the hypertension, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome); massive obstetric haemorrhage; placenta praevia and morbidly adherent placenta (placenta accreta, increta and percreta); amniotic fluid embolism (AFE); maternal sepsis, and maternal resuscitation. It discusses comorbidity in pregnancy such as obesity and cardiac disease, and the patient who requires non-obstetric surgery while pregnant. It provides information on safe prescribing in pregnancy and breast-feeding.
{"title":"Obstetric anaesthesia and analgesia","authors":"J. Eldridge, Nicola H. Cox, A. Allana, Heidi Lightfoot","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198853053.003.0035","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of the pregnant patient, for labour analgesia as well as surgical intervention. It begins with a description of the physiological and pharmacological changes of pregnancy. It describes methods of labour analgesia, including remifentanil, and epidural analgesia and its complications, such as post dural puncture headache (PDPH). It describes anaesthesia for Caesarean section (both regional and general); failed intubation; antacid prophylaxis; postoperative analgesia; retained placenta; in utero fetal death; hypertensive disease of pregnancy (pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and the hypertension, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome); massive obstetric haemorrhage; placenta praevia and morbidly adherent placenta (placenta accreta, increta and percreta); amniotic fluid embolism (AFE); maternal sepsis, and maternal resuscitation. It discusses comorbidity in pregnancy such as obesity and cardiac disease, and the patient who requires non-obstetric surgery while pregnant. It provides information on safe prescribing in pregnancy and breast-feeding.","PeriodicalId":143488,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126649653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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