Pub Date : 2024-02-08DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240314
Sahar M. Alnefaie, Y. Asiri, R. S. Alqahtani, Maha O. Alshareef, Khalid M. Alzahrani, Sarah M. Albogami
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Among all types of cancer, 11.7% of cases diagnosed in 2020 were BC. Compare this to Saudi Arabia, where 28.8 out of every 100,000 women were diagnosed with BC. Furthermore, BC patients are more likely than other cancer survivors to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Study aimed to investigate association between CAM use and BC recurrence rates in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 106 participants recruited from breast surgery clinics. Targeted women were diagnosed with BC and treated at Al Hada armed forces hospital. The data were collected by interviewing the patients using a validated questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of CAM usage among BC patients was 35.8%. The recurrence rate of BC was 26.4%. CAM users accounted for 28.57% of the total, while non-CAM users comprised 71.43%. In addition, 50% of recurrences were distant metastases, and 50% occurred more than two years after diagnosis. Conclusions: In conclusion, more than one-third of BC patients in this region incorporate CAM into their treatment regimen. Our findings reveal a practical but not statistical significance of a lower recurrence rate of BC among CAM users compared to non-CAM. These results emphasize the importance of healthcare providers engaging in detailed discussions with BC patients regarding CAM usage in conjunction with planned medical and surgical therapies.
背景：乳腺癌（BC）是全球女性最常见的癌症。在所有类型的癌症中，2020 年确诊的病例中有 11.7% 为乳腺癌。相比之下，沙特阿拉伯每 10 万名妇女中就有 28.8 人确诊为乳腺癌。此外，与其他癌症幸存者相比，BC 患者更有可能使用补充和替代医学（CAM）。该研究旨在调查沙特阿拉伯使用 CAM 与 BC 复发率之间的关系：方法：对从乳腺外科诊所招募的 106 名参与者进行了横断面研究。研究对象为被诊断出患有乳腺癌并在 Al Hada 武装部队医院接受治疗的女性。数据是通过使用有效问卷对患者进行访谈收集的：结果：乳腺癌患者使用 CAM 的比例为 35.8%。乳腺癌的复发率为 26.4%。使用心理治疗方法的患者占总数的 28.57%，而未使用心理治疗方法的患者占 71.43%。此外，50%的复发为远处转移，50%的复发发生在确诊后两年以上。结论总之，该地区三分之一以上的 BC 患者将 CAM 纳入了治疗方案。我们的研究结果表明，使用 CAM 的 BC 复发率低于未使用 CAM 的 BC 复发率，这具有实际意义，但不具有统计学意义。这些结果强调了医疗服务提供者与 BC 患者就 CAM 的使用以及计划中的药物和手术疗法进行详细讨论的重要性。
{"title":"The association between complementary and alternative medicine use with breast cancer recurrence in Taif city, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Sahar M. Alnefaie, Y. Asiri, R. S. Alqahtani, Maha O. Alshareef, Khalid M. Alzahrani, Sarah M. Albogami","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240314","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Among all types of cancer, 11.7% of cases diagnosed in 2020 were BC. Compare this to Saudi Arabia, where 28.8 out of every 100,000 women were diagnosed with BC. Furthermore, BC patients are more likely than other cancer survivors to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Study aimed to investigate association between CAM use and BC recurrence rates in Saudi Arabia.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 106 participants recruited from breast surgery clinics. Targeted women were diagnosed with BC and treated at Al Hada armed forces hospital. The data were collected by interviewing the patients using a validated questionnaire.\u0000Results: The prevalence of CAM usage among BC patients was 35.8%. The recurrence rate of BC was 26.4%. CAM users accounted for 28.57% of the total, while non-CAM users comprised 71.43%. In addition, 50% of recurrences were distant metastases, and 50% occurred more than two years after diagnosis. \u0000Conclusions: In conclusion, more than one-third of BC patients in this region incorporate CAM into their treatment regimen. Our findings reveal a practical but not statistical significance of a lower recurrence rate of BC among CAM users compared to non-CAM. These results emphasize the importance of healthcare providers engaging in detailed discussions with BC patients regarding CAM usage in conjunction with planned medical and surgical therapies. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139793614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240306
James N. Sellars, Ryan Green, Omar Mouline
Remnant gallbladders have been described following incomplete and sub-total cholecystectomy (TC) and have the potential to harbour gallstones and even produce new calculi over time. We present a case of choledocholithiasis in a patient with a remnant gallbladder following a presumed incomplete cholecystectomy more than 20 years prior.
{"title":"Choledocholithiasis secondary to a remnant gallbladder post cholecystectomy more than 20 years ago","authors":"James N. Sellars, Ryan Green, Omar Mouline","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240306","url":null,"abstract":"Remnant gallbladders have been described following incomplete and sub-total cholecystectomy (TC) and have the potential to harbour gallstones and even produce new calculi over time. We present a case of choledocholithiasis in a patient with a remnant gallbladder following a presumed incomplete cholecystectomy more than 20 years prior.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":"49 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139805787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240307
Matthew L. Basa, Andrew Riddell
Acute right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain typically raises the suspicion of appendicitis and must be ruled out, as the treatment is primarily surgical. Other differentials, many of which are medically treated, ought to also be considered. Right sided diverticulitis, although uncommon, often mimics appendicitis due to its inflammatory nature and its location of pain. A 37-year-old woman with a history of recurrent right-sided diverticulitis presented with rapidly escalating RLQ pain. While appendicitis was a prime suspect, additional imaging was refused due to radiation concerns, hence clinical judgement had to be aptly applied. Facing diagnostic ambiguity, Hickam's dictum (seeking the most probable cause) pointed towards appendicitis, while Ockham's razor (favouring the simplest explanation) supported recurrent right sided diverticulitis. This uncertainty necessitated a definitive approach, weighing up the risks and benefits of medical vs surgical treatment for an unconfirmed pathology. To resolve the uncertainty, a diagnostic laparoscopy was performed. Contrary to expectations, it revealed a perforated diverticulum of the appendix with a mucinous tip and free-floating mucin, making both leading differentials, that is, right sided diverticulitis and appendicitis, correct. We explore the diagnostic reasoning used in the case, including the anticipated management strategies and outcomes, if other differentials were encountered. This case aims to support clinicians in pursuing further investigations, or need be, a diagnostic laparoscopy, in order to prioritise patient safety, if clinical concern is present.
{"title":"Perforated mucinous diverticulitis of the appendix: a case report","authors":"Matthew L. Basa, Andrew Riddell","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240307","url":null,"abstract":"Acute right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain typically raises the suspicion of appendicitis and must be ruled out, as the treatment is primarily surgical. Other differentials, many of which are medically treated, ought to also be considered. Right sided diverticulitis, although uncommon, often mimics appendicitis due to its inflammatory nature and its location of pain. A 37-year-old woman with a history of recurrent right-sided diverticulitis presented with rapidly escalating RLQ pain. While appendicitis was a prime suspect, additional imaging was refused due to radiation concerns, hence clinical judgement had to be aptly applied. Facing diagnostic ambiguity, Hickam's dictum (seeking the most probable cause) pointed towards appendicitis, while Ockham's razor (favouring the simplest explanation) supported recurrent right sided diverticulitis. This uncertainty necessitated a definitive approach, weighing up the risks and benefits of medical vs surgical treatment for an unconfirmed pathology. To resolve the uncertainty, a diagnostic laparoscopy was performed. Contrary to expectations, it revealed a perforated diverticulum of the appendix with a mucinous tip and free-floating mucin, making both leading differentials, that is, right sided diverticulitis and appendicitis, correct. We explore the diagnostic reasoning used in the case, including the anticipated management strategies and outcomes, if other differentials were encountered. This case aims to support clinicians in pursuing further investigations, or need be, a diagnostic laparoscopy, in order to prioritise patient safety, if clinical concern is present.","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139862523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240306
James N. Sellars, Ryan Green, Omar Mouline
Remnant gallbladders have been described following incomplete and sub-total cholecystectomy (TC) and have the potential to harbour gallstones and even produce new calculi over time. We present a case of choledocholithiasis in a patient with a remnant gallbladder following a presumed incomplete cholecystectomy more than 20 years prior.
{"title":"Choledocholithiasis secondary to a remnant gallbladder post cholecystectomy more than 20 years ago","authors":"James N. Sellars, Ryan Green, Omar Mouline","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240306","url":null,"abstract":"Remnant gallbladders have been described following incomplete and sub-total cholecystectomy (TC) and have the potential to harbour gallstones and even produce new calculi over time. We present a case of choledocholithiasis in a patient with a remnant gallbladder following a presumed incomplete cholecystectomy more than 20 years prior.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139865419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240307
Matthew L. Basa, Andrew Riddell
Acute right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain typically raises the suspicion of appendicitis and must be ruled out, as the treatment is primarily surgical. Other differentials, many of which are medically treated, ought to also be considered. Right sided diverticulitis, although uncommon, often mimics appendicitis due to its inflammatory nature and its location of pain. A 37-year-old woman with a history of recurrent right-sided diverticulitis presented with rapidly escalating RLQ pain. While appendicitis was a prime suspect, additional imaging was refused due to radiation concerns, hence clinical judgement had to be aptly applied. Facing diagnostic ambiguity, Hickam's dictum (seeking the most probable cause) pointed towards appendicitis, while Ockham's razor (favouring the simplest explanation) supported recurrent right sided diverticulitis. This uncertainty necessitated a definitive approach, weighing up the risks and benefits of medical vs surgical treatment for an unconfirmed pathology. To resolve the uncertainty, a diagnostic laparoscopy was performed. Contrary to expectations, it revealed a perforated diverticulum of the appendix with a mucinous tip and free-floating mucin, making both leading differentials, that is, right sided diverticulitis and appendicitis, correct. We explore the diagnostic reasoning used in the case, including the anticipated management strategies and outcomes, if other differentials were encountered. This case aims to support clinicians in pursuing further investigations, or need be, a diagnostic laparoscopy, in order to prioritise patient safety, if clinical concern is present.
{"title":"Perforated mucinous diverticulitis of the appendix: a case report","authors":"Matthew L. Basa, Andrew Riddell","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240307","url":null,"abstract":"Acute right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain typically raises the suspicion of appendicitis and must be ruled out, as the treatment is primarily surgical. Other differentials, many of which are medically treated, ought to also be considered. Right sided diverticulitis, although uncommon, often mimics appendicitis due to its inflammatory nature and its location of pain. A 37-year-old woman with a history of recurrent right-sided diverticulitis presented with rapidly escalating RLQ pain. While appendicitis was a prime suspect, additional imaging was refused due to radiation concerns, hence clinical judgement had to be aptly applied. Facing diagnostic ambiguity, Hickam's dictum (seeking the most probable cause) pointed towards appendicitis, while Ockham's razor (favouring the simplest explanation) supported recurrent right sided diverticulitis. This uncertainty necessitated a definitive approach, weighing up the risks and benefits of medical vs surgical treatment for an unconfirmed pathology. To resolve the uncertainty, a diagnostic laparoscopy was performed. Contrary to expectations, it revealed a perforated diverticulum of the appendix with a mucinous tip and free-floating mucin, making both leading differentials, that is, right sided diverticulitis and appendicitis, correct. We explore the diagnostic reasoning used in the case, including the anticipated management strategies and outcomes, if other differentials were encountered. This case aims to support clinicians in pursuing further investigations, or need be, a diagnostic laparoscopy, in order to prioritise patient safety, if clinical concern is present.","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139802680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240305
James N. Sellars, Ryan Green, E. Jeyarajan
Parahiatal diaphragmatic hernias are uncommon and often diagnosed incidentally on imaging, or in the emergency setting. Symptoms related to these defects can be like those of hiatus hernias (HH), however this is not always the case. We present a unique case of parahiatal diaphragmatic hernia that was characterised by severe halitosis which resolved with surgical repair.
{"title":"Resolution of halitosis following repair of a primary parahiatal diaphragmatic hernia","authors":"James N. Sellars, Ryan Green, E. Jeyarajan","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240305","url":null,"abstract":"Parahiatal diaphragmatic hernias are uncommon and often diagnosed incidentally on imaging, or in the emergency setting. Symptoms related to these defects can be like those of hiatus hernias (HH), however this is not always the case. We present a unique case of parahiatal diaphragmatic hernia that was characterised by severe halitosis which resolved with surgical repair.","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139864414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240305
James N. Sellars, Ryan Green, E. Jeyarajan
Parahiatal diaphragmatic hernias are uncommon and often diagnosed incidentally on imaging, or in the emergency setting. Symptoms related to these defects can be like those of hiatus hernias (HH), however this is not always the case. We present a unique case of parahiatal diaphragmatic hernia that was characterised by severe halitosis which resolved with surgical repair.
{"title":"Resolution of halitosis following repair of a primary parahiatal diaphragmatic hernia","authors":"James N. Sellars, Ryan Green, E. Jeyarajan","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240305","url":null,"abstract":"Parahiatal diaphragmatic hernias are uncommon and often diagnosed incidentally on imaging, or in the emergency setting. Symptoms related to these defects can be like those of hiatus hernias (HH), however this is not always the case. We present a unique case of parahiatal diaphragmatic hernia that was characterised by severe halitosis which resolved with surgical repair.","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139804615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240308
Sahar M. Alnefaie, Nisreen R. Kanbar, R. A. Alshoura, Amal Y. Alhefdhi, Saif S. Alsobhi
Background: Breast cancer in young women has a higher mortality rate, can show adverse outcomes, and is more likely to recur after treatment. This study evaluated the incidence and characteristics of breast cancer in female patients 40 years of age or younger. Methods: This is a descriptive study of 234 patients, 40 years of age or younger, diagnosed with breast cancer in the period January 2010–December 2015. Results: We included 234 out of 1026 patients (22%) that met our inclusion criteria. At the time of the diagnosis, the mean age of the patients was 34±5 years; 32 (14%) of them had a positive family history of breast cancer, and more than a fifth were found to have advanced stages of the disease. One-third of our patients were hormone receptor (HR)-positive with HER2 negative, 61 (26%) were triple negative, and a total of 98 (42%) of our patients had HER2 overexpression. Lumpectomy was performed for 89 (38%) of them. Recurrence was documented for 40 (17.4%), and approximately half of the patients, 105 (45%), had recurrence in their first two years of diagnosis. Conclusions: Breast cancer in young patients is a very challenging entity, as they tend to be more aggressive than the older age group. The incidence of breast cancer in female patients younger than 40 is higher than that in Western countries. However, our findings align with regards to their pathology type and hormonal status.
{"title":"Incidence and characteristics of breast cancer in patients 40 years of age or younger: a study of a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Sahar M. Alnefaie, Nisreen R. Kanbar, R. A. Alshoura, Amal Y. Alhefdhi, Saif S. Alsobhi","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240308","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer in young women has a higher mortality rate, can show adverse outcomes, and is more likely to recur after treatment. This study evaluated the incidence and characteristics of breast cancer in female patients 40 years of age or younger.\u0000Methods: This is a descriptive study of 234 patients, 40 years of age or younger, diagnosed with breast cancer in the period January 2010–December 2015.\u0000Results: We included 234 out of 1026 patients (22%) that met our inclusion criteria. At the time of the diagnosis, the mean age of the patients was 34±5 years; 32 (14%) of them had a positive family history of breast cancer, and more than a fifth were found to have advanced stages of the disease. One-third of our patients were hormone receptor (HR)-positive with HER2 negative, 61 (26%) were triple negative, and a total of 98 (42%) of our patients had HER2 overexpression. Lumpectomy was performed for 89 (38%) of them. Recurrence was documented for 40 (17.4%), and approximately half of the patients, 105 (45%), had recurrence in their first two years of diagnosis.\u0000Conclusions: Breast cancer in young patients is a very challenging entity, as they tend to be more aggressive than the older age group. The incidence of breast cancer in female patients younger than 40 is higher than that in Western countries. However, our findings align with regards to their pathology type and hormonal status.","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":"31 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139804860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240308
Sahar M. Alnefaie, Nisreen R. Kanbar, R. A. Alshoura, Amal Y. Alhefdhi, Saif S. Alsobhi
Background: Breast cancer in young women has a higher mortality rate, can show adverse outcomes, and is more likely to recur after treatment. This study evaluated the incidence and characteristics of breast cancer in female patients 40 years of age or younger. Methods: This is a descriptive study of 234 patients, 40 years of age or younger, diagnosed with breast cancer in the period January 2010–December 2015. Results: We included 234 out of 1026 patients (22%) that met our inclusion criteria. At the time of the diagnosis, the mean age of the patients was 34±5 years; 32 (14%) of them had a positive family history of breast cancer, and more than a fifth were found to have advanced stages of the disease. One-third of our patients were hormone receptor (HR)-positive with HER2 negative, 61 (26%) were triple negative, and a total of 98 (42%) of our patients had HER2 overexpression. Lumpectomy was performed for 89 (38%) of them. Recurrence was documented for 40 (17.4%), and approximately half of the patients, 105 (45%), had recurrence in their first two years of diagnosis. Conclusions: Breast cancer in young patients is a very challenging entity, as they tend to be more aggressive than the older age group. The incidence of breast cancer in female patients younger than 40 is higher than that in Western countries. However, our findings align with regards to their pathology type and hormonal status.
{"title":"Incidence and characteristics of breast cancer in patients 40 years of age or younger: a study of a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Sahar M. Alnefaie, Nisreen R. Kanbar, R. A. Alshoura, Amal Y. Alhefdhi, Saif S. Alsobhi","doi":"10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240308","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer in young women has a higher mortality rate, can show adverse outcomes, and is more likely to recur after treatment. This study evaluated the incidence and characteristics of breast cancer in female patients 40 years of age or younger.\u0000Methods: This is a descriptive study of 234 patients, 40 years of age or younger, diagnosed with breast cancer in the period January 2010–December 2015.\u0000Results: We included 234 out of 1026 patients (22%) that met our inclusion criteria. At the time of the diagnosis, the mean age of the patients was 34±5 years; 32 (14%) of them had a positive family history of breast cancer, and more than a fifth were found to have advanced stages of the disease. One-third of our patients were hormone receptor (HR)-positive with HER2 negative, 61 (26%) were triple negative, and a total of 98 (42%) of our patients had HER2 overexpression. Lumpectomy was performed for 89 (38%) of them. Recurrence was documented for 40 (17.4%), and approximately half of the patients, 105 (45%), had recurrence in their first two years of diagnosis.\u0000Conclusions: Breast cancer in young patients is a very challenging entity, as they tend to be more aggressive than the older age group. The incidence of breast cancer in female patients younger than 40 is higher than that in Western countries. However, our findings align with regards to their pathology type and hormonal status.","PeriodicalId":14372,"journal":{"name":"International Surgery Journal","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139864603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240172
Hansraj Ranga, Vinit Mishra, Vidit Vidit, Mahavir Griwan, B. Arora
Background: Inguinal hernia affects both men and women but is much more common in men who comprise over 90% of the operated patients. Considering both the operated and the non-operated inguinal hernias, the lifetime prevalence rate is 47% for men upto and including the age of 75. Repair of an inguinal hernia is one of the most common operations among adults in the western world today. Aims and objectives were to compare the alteration in testicular perfusion following Lichtenstein hernia repair. Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with inguinal hernia admitted in our hospital with study period of 12 months were included in the study. Color Doppler ultrasound evaluation of testicular blood flow was done for all cases. Comparisons of results between groups were done using independent t test and Pearson correlation test. Results: The mean age of patients in the study was 46.10±17.27 years. Twenty three percent of patients had COPD as comorbidity. Mean peak systolic volume (PSV) of testicular artery in preop, at 24 hours, 1 week and 3 months are 18.36±2.21, 20.27±3.25, 19.21±2.31 and 18.98±2.06 respectively with a p=0.001. On further observations, no significant difference was found in the PSV of Capsular and intratesticular artery and EDV and RI of testicular, capsular and intratesticular artery. Conclusions: Testicular perfusion following hernioplasty can be easily monitored and evaluated with Duplex ultrasonography; the flow in the spermatic artery and testicular artery and its branches is of low resistance, with a relatively broad systolic part and holodiastolic flow. There is no evidence for a significant impairment of cord structures after open hernia repair using tension free techniques. It is clear that fine surgical dissection
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