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High Post-Infection Protection after COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers: A Population-Level Observational Study. 医护人员感染 COVID-19 后的高保护率:一项人群观察研究。
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.97708.2951
Sepehr Shahriarirad, Naeimehossadat Asmarian, Reza Shahriarirad, Mohsen Moghadami, Mehrdad Askarian, Leila Hashemizadeh Fard Haghighi, Parisa Javadi, Golnar Sabetian

Background: Even though a few years have passed since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, information regarding certain aspects of the disease, such as post-infection immunity, is still quite limited. This study aimed to evaluate post-infection protection and COVID-19 features among healthcare workers (HCWs), during three successive surges, as well as the rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection, reactivation, re-positivity, and severity.

Methods: This cross-sectional population-level observational study was conducted from 20 April 2020 to 18 February 2021. The study population included all HCWs in public or private hospitals in Fars Province, Southern Iran. The infection rate was computed as the number of individuals with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests divided by the total number of person-days at risk. The re-infection was evaluated after 90 days.

Results: A total of 30,546 PCR tests were performed among HCWs, of which 13,749 (61.94% of total HCWs) were positive. Considering the applied 90-day threshold, there were 44 (31.2%) cases of reactivation and relapse, and 97 (68.8% of infected and 1.81% of total HCWs) cases of reinfection among 141 (2.64%) diagnosed cases who experienced a second episode of COVID-19. There was no significant difference in symptoms (P=0.65) or the necessity for ICU admission (P=0.25). The estimated protection against repeated infection after a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was 94.8% (95% CI=93.6-95.7).

Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 re-positivity, relapse, and reinfection were rare in the HCW population. After the first episode of infection, an estimated 94.8% protection against recurring infections was achieved. A preprint version of this manuscript is available at DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-772662/v1 (https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-772662/v1).

背景:尽管冠状病毒病 2019(COVID-19)疫情爆发已过去数年,但有关该疾病某些方面的信息(如感染后免疫力)仍然相当有限。本研究旨在评估连续三次疫情暴发期间医护人员的感染后保护和COVID-19特征,以及严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)再感染率、再激活率、再阳性率和严重程度:这项横断面人群观察研究于 2020 年 4 月 20 日至 2021 年 2 月 18 日进行。研究人群包括伊朗南部法尔斯省公立或私立医院的所有医护人员。感染率的计算方法是聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测呈阳性的人数除以风险人日总数。90 天后对再次感染情况进行评估:共对 30 546 名高危工人进行了聚合酶链反应检测,其中 13 749 人(占高危工人总数的 61.94%)呈阳性。考虑到所采用的 90 天阈值,在 141 例(2.64%)诊断为 COVID-19 的病例中,有 44 例(31.2%)再次活化和复发,97 例(占感染病例的 68.8%,占人机工程工人总数的 1.81%)再次感染。在症状(P=0.65)或入住重症监护室的必要性(P=0.25)方面没有明显差异。结论:SARS-CoV-2再次感染的保护率估计为94.8% (95% CI=93.6-95.7):结论:SARS-CoV-2 再次阳性、复发和再次感染在高危人群中很少见。在首次感染后,估计有 94.8% 的人可避免再次感染。本稿件的预印本可在 DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-772662/v1 (https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-772662/v1) 上查阅。
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引用次数: 0
The World's First Implantation of a Personalized Microporous Titanium Sternum with Motile Costal Clip Connections: A Case Report. 世界上首次植入带有活动髋关节夹连接的个性化微孔钛胸骨:病例报告。
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.97060.2873
Ilya V Kolobaev, Denis Baranovskii, Vladimir Usachev, Grigoriy Afonin, Oleg Aleksandrov, Anna Usacheva, Ilya D Klabukov, Peter Shegay, Sergei Ivanov, Andrey Kaprin

Extensive chest wall defects occur in 28% of all sternal resection cases and are a major challenge in thoracic surgery. These cases are generally considered "critical defects" requiring primary or secondary reconstruction using various types of flaps, mesh repairs, bone autografts, or endoprosthesis. The past decade witnessed rapid advances in the application of personalized endoprostheses in thoracic surgery. Surgeons began to use carbon or titanium grafts for personalized sternum replacement. The main advantages of these implants are superior cosmetic effect, biocompatibility, and low risk of infection. Herein, we present a case of a 55-year-old patient with an indication for extended sternum resection due to metastatic thyroid cancer. The patient underwent extended sternum resection, followed by the implantation of a personalized microporous titanium sternum equipped with graspers for atraumatic rib fixation.

在所有胸骨切除病例中,有 28% 的病例会出现大面积胸壁缺损,这是胸外科手术的一大挑战。这些病例通常被认为是 "严重缺损",需要使用各种类型的皮瓣、网状修复、骨自体移植或内假体进行初次或二次重建。过去十年间,胸腔手术中个性化内假体的应用突飞猛进。外科医生开始使用碳或钛移植物进行个性化胸骨置换。这些植入物的主要优点是具有良好的外观效果、生物相容性和低感染风险。在此,我们介绍一例因甲状腺癌转移而有延长胸骨切除指征的 55 岁患者。患者接受了胸骨延长切除术,随后植入了个性化的微孔钛合金胸骨,该胸骨配有抓握器,用于无创伤的肋骨固定。
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引用次数: 0
Increased Serum Terminal Complements Complex Levels in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children. 注意缺陷多动障碍儿童血清末端补体复合物水平升高。
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.97556.2934
Sawsan M Jabbar Al-Hasnawi, Mays Amer Noori, Amer Fadhil Al-Haidari, Munther J Hussain

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a widespread neuropsychiatric disorder in both children and adolescents, which is associated with social isolation and poor academic performance. Complement proteins are regarded as a major player in inflammation and disease development for several neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and bipolar diseases. As clarified by previous data, increased levels of complement molecules and other immunological markers as cytokines were demonstrated in these disorders. Limited studies have investigated complement proteins particularly terminal complement complex or membrane attack complex (C5b-9) among ADHD patients. The present research aims to elucidate the association between C5b-9 complex protein and ADHD.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Sera were collected from Al-Hussain Teaching Medical City in Holy Karbala, Iraq, during 2019-2020. Sera were tested for C5-b9 using commercial kits by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: In 90 participants included in the study, a significant increment in C5b-9 levels among ADHD patients (P=0.019) was observed. Patients with positive C5b-9 levels had a 2.76 times higher risk of developing ADHD than control subjects. The diagnostic utility for C5b-9 was statistically significant with 71.11% sensitivity, 55.6% specificity, and a high negative predictive value (97.3%).

Conclusion: The study concluded elevation of the C5b-9 terminal complements complex levels in ADHD patients, which could point to the association of complement proteins as inflammatory markers with the ADHD disease process.

背景:注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种广泛存在于儿童和青少年中的神经精神疾病,与社会隔离和学习成绩差有关。补体蛋白被认为是多种神经精神疾病(如精神分裂症和躁狂症)的炎症和疾病发展的主要参与者。以往的数据表明,在这些疾病中,补体分子和其他免疫标志物(如细胞因子)的水平都有所提高。对多动症患者的补体蛋白,尤其是末端补体复合物或膜攻击复合物(C5b-9)进行调查的研究非常有限。本研究旨在阐明 C5b-9 复合物蛋白与多动症之间的关系:这是一项横断面研究。血清于 2019-2020 年期间从伊拉克圣卡尔巴拉的胡赛因教学医疗城采集。使用商业试剂盒通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对血清中的 C5-b9 进行检测:在参与研究的 90 名参与者中,观察到多动症患者的 C5b-9 水平显著增加(P=0.019)。C5b-9水平呈阳性的患者患多动症的风险是对照组的2.76倍。C5b-9的诊断效用具有统计学意义,敏感性为71.11%,特异性为55.6%,阴性预测值较高(97.3%):研究得出结论,ADHD 患者体内 C5b-9 末端补体复合物水平升高,这可能表明补体蛋白作为炎症标志物与 ADHD 疾病过程有关。
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引用次数: 0
Rosmarinic Acid Protects the Testes of Rats against Cell Phone and Ultra-high Frequency Waves Induced Toxicity. 迷迭香酸可保护大鼠睾丸免受手机和超高频波诱导的毒性影响
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.97695.2952
Jafar Fatahi Asl, Mehdi Goudarzi, Esrafil Mansouri, Hamed Shoghi

Background: Cell phone and Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) waves produce oxidative stress and cause testicular toxicity. This investigation was directed to evaluate the effectiveness of Rosmarinic Acid (RA) against oxidative stress caused by UHF radiation in rats.

Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. The control received 5 mL normal saline (0.9% NaCl) by gavage, the cell phone group received 915 MHz, the UHF waves group just received 2450 MHz, the RA/cell phone group received RA plus 915 MHz, RA/UHF waves group received RA plus 2450 MHz, and RA just received RA (20 mg/kg). After 30 days of consecutive radiation, the biochemical and histopathological parameters of their testes were measured. Statistical comparison was made using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test.

Results: Cell phone and UHF wave radiation significantly diminished the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione content (P<0.001). On the opposite, UHF significantly increased oxidative stress indices including malondialdehyde level, nitric oxide level, and protein carbonyl content (P<0.001). UHF also significantly reduced the number of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte, epithelial height, and seminiferous tubular and luminal diameters (P<0.001). RA, as an effective antioxidant, reverses the above-mentioned harms and moderates the adverse effects of UHF on the testes of rats by significantly diminishing the oxidative stress indices and antioxidant enzyme rise and improving the histological parameters (P<0.001).

Conclusion: RA can protect the testes of rats from UHF-induced toxicity by reducing oxidative stress. RA as a food supplement might be useful for protecting humans exposed to UHF environmental contamination.

背景:手机和超高频(UHF)会产生氧化应激并导致睾丸中毒。本研究旨在评估迷迭香酸(RA)对超高频辐射导致的大鼠氧化应激的有效性:方法:42 只雄性 Wistar 大鼠分为 6 组。对照组灌胃 5 mL 生理盐水(0.9% NaCl),手机组接受 915 MHz 频率辐射,超高频电波组仅接受 2450 MHz 频率辐射,RA/手机组接受 RA 加 915 MHz 频率辐射,RA/超高频电波组接受 RA 加 2450 MHz 频率辐射,RA 组仅接受 RA(20 mg/kg)。连续辐射 30 天后,测量睾丸的生化和组织病理学参数。统计比较采用单因素方差分析,然后进行Tukey事后检验:结果:手机和超高频辐射明显降低了超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶等抗氧化酶的活性和谷胱甘肽含量(PC):RA可通过减少氧化应激保护大鼠睾丸免受超高频诱导的毒性。作为一种食品补充剂,RA 可能有助于保护暴露于超高频环境污染中的人类。
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引用次数: 0
Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein Taq1B Polymorphism and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients Undergoing Angiography in Yazd, Eastern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. 伊朗东部亚兹德接受血管造影术患者的胆固醇酯转移蛋白 Taq1B 多态性及其与心血管风险因素的关系:一项横断面研究
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.98201.3012
Azam Ahmadi-Vasmehjani, Seyed Mostafa SeyedHosseini, Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh, Farzan Madadizadeh, Mahta Mazaheri-Naeini, Mahdie Yavari, Zahra Darabi, Sara Beigrezaei, Marzieh Taftian, Vahid Arabi, Maryam Motallaei, Amin Salehi-Abargouei, Azadeh Nadjarzadeh

Background: Several studies assessed the relationship between the cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) Taq1B gene polymorphism (rs708272) with risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, their findings were inconsistent. The present study investigated the relationship between CVD risk factors and the Taq1B variant in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 476 patients aged 30-76 years old of both sexes from 2020-2021, in Yazd (Iran). The Taq1B polymorphism genotypes were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) on DNA extracted from whole blood. Standard protocols were used to measure cardio-metabolic markers. To determine the association between CVDs risk factors and the rs708272 variant, binary logistic regression was used in crude and adjusted models.

Results: Taq1B polymorphism genotype frequencies were 10.7% for B1B1, 72.3% for B1B2, and 17% for B2B2. There was no significant association between abnormal levels of CVDs risk factors and different genotypes of the Taq1B variant, Gensini score (P=0.64), Syntax score (P=0.79), systolic blood pressure (P=0.55), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.58), and waist circumference (P=0.79). There was no significant association between genotypes of the rs708272 variant and any abnormal serum lipid levels. After adjusting for confounders, the results remained non-significant.

Conclusion: There was no significant association between CVDs risk factors and CETP rs708272 polymorphism. The relationship between CETP gene variants and CVD occurrences varied across groups, implying that more research in different regions is required.A preprint version of this manuscript is available at https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2575215/v1 with doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2575215/v1.

背景:多项研究评估了胆固醇酯转移蛋白(CETP)Taq1B 基因多态性(rs708272)与心血管疾病(CVDs)风险因素之间的关系。然而,他们的研究结果并不一致。本研究调查了接受冠状动脉造影术的患者的心血管疾病风险因素与 Taq1B 变异之间的关系:这项横断面研究的对象是 2020-2021 年期间在亚兹德(伊朗)接受冠状动脉造影术的 476 名年龄在 30-76 岁之间的男女患者。使用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)对从全血中提取的 DNA 进行 Taq1B 多态性基因型评估。测量心血管代谢指标时采用了标准方案。为确定心血管疾病风险因素与 rs708272 变异之间的关联,在粗略模型和调整模型中使用了二元逻辑回归法:Taq1B多态性基因型频率分别为:B1B1 10.7%、B1B2 72.3%、B2B2 17%。心血管疾病危险因素的异常水平与 Taq1B 变体的不同基因型、Gensini 评分(P=0.64)、Syntax 评分(P=0.79)、收缩压(P=0.55)、舒张压(P=0.58)和腰围(P=0.79)之间无明显关联。rs708272 变异基因型与任何血清脂质水平异常之间均无明显关联。在对混杂因素进行调整后,结果仍然不显著:结论:心血管疾病风险因素与 CETP rs708272 多态性之间没有明显关联。CETP基因变异与心血管疾病发生率之间的关系在不同群体中存在差异,这意味着需要在不同地区开展更多研究。本稿件的预印本可在 https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2575215/v1 上查阅,doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2575215/v1。
{"title":"Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein <i>Taq1B</i> Polymorphism and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients Undergoing Angiography in Yazd, Eastern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Azam Ahmadi-Vasmehjani, Seyed Mostafa SeyedHosseini, Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh, Farzan Madadizadeh, Mahta Mazaheri-Naeini, Mahdie Yavari, Zahra Darabi, Sara Beigrezaei, Marzieh Taftian, Vahid Arabi, Maryam Motallaei, Amin Salehi-Abargouei, Azadeh Nadjarzadeh","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2023.98201.3012","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2023.98201.3012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies assessed the relationship between the <i>cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)</i> <i>Taq1B</i> gene polymorphism (rs708272) with risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, their findings were inconsistent. The present study investigated the relationship between CVD risk factors and the <i>Taq1B</i> variant in patients undergoing coronary angiography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 476 patients aged 30-76 years old of both sexes from 2020-2021, in Yazd (Iran). The <i>Taq1B</i> polymorphism genotypes were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) on DNA extracted from whole blood. Standard protocols were used to measure cardio-metabolic markers. To determine the association between CVDs risk factors and the rs708272 variant, binary logistic regression was used in crude and adjusted models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Taq1B</i> polymorphism genotype frequencies were 10.7% for B1B1, 72.3% for B1B2, and 17% for B2B2. There was no significant association between abnormal levels of CVDs risk factors and different genotypes of the <i>Taq1B</i> variant, Gensini score (P=0.64), Syntax score (P=0.79), systolic blood pressure (P=0.55), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.58), and waist circumference (P=0.79). There was no significant association between genotypes of the rs708272 variant and any abnormal serum lipid levels. After adjusting for confounders, the results remained non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no significant association between CVDs risk factors and <i>CETP</i> rs708272 polymorphism. The relationship between <i>CETP</i> gene variants and CVD occurrences varied across groups, implying that more research in different regions is required.A preprint version of this manuscript is available at https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2575215/v1 with doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2575215/v1.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 4","pages":"219-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11053255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Factors Influencing Iranian Medical Residents' Specialty Selection: A Qualitative Study. COVID-19 大流行对影响伊朗医学住院医师专业选择因素的影响:定性研究。
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.97637.2943
Yaser Sarikhani, Seyedeh Maryam Najibi, Rahil Mosallanejad, Ali Rayatinejad, Mohammad Reza Sanjabi, Fereshteh Gholami, Shahidul Islam, Peivand Bastani

Background: Medical students' specialty selection influences the composition of the physician workforce and the effectiveness of health systems. Therefore, the identification of factors that influence the choice of specialty is critical for an evidence-based health policy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the determinants of specialty choice among Iranian medical residents.

Methods: In early 2022, this qualitative study was conducted among Iranian medical residents in seven provinces, including Tehran, Isfahan, Fars, Khorasan Razavi, Kerman, Kermanshah, and Khuzestan. The participants were selected using a purposeful sampling method. Data were collected using 74 semi-structured in-depth face-to-face interviews. Finally, a thematic content analysis (conventional content analysis) method was applied for data synthesis.

Results: The participant's mean age was 28.7±2.5 years, and more than 52% (N=39) were men. Following data synthesis, 10 sub-themes and four main themes were identified, including educational aspects affected by the pandemic, career-related hazards, personal and professional lifestyles affected by the disease, and experiences and beliefs regarding the pandemic.

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on medical students' educational, professional, and personal aspects of specialty choices. This study demonstrated how the disease affected the choice of specialty. Therefore, the findings could be used for developing national health policy and planning.

背景:医学生的专业选择影响着医生队伍的构成和卫生系统的效率。因此,确定影响专业选择的因素对于循证卫生政策至关重要。本研究旨在调查冠状病毒病 2019(COVID-19)大流行对伊朗医学住院医师专业选择决定因素的影响:这项定性研究于 2022 年初在德黑兰、伊斯法罕、法尔斯、呼罗珊拉扎维、克尔曼、克尔曼沙阿和胡齐斯坦等七个省份的伊朗医学住院医师中开展。参与者是通过有目的的抽样方法选出的。通过 74 个半结构化面对面深度访谈收集数据。最后,采用专题内容分析法(传统内容分析法)进行数据综合:参与者的平均年龄为(28.7±2.5)岁,52%以上(39 人)为男性。数据综合后,确定了 10 个次主题和 4 个主主题,包括受大流行病影响的教育方面、与职业相关的危害、受疾病影响的个人和职业生活方式以及有关大流行病的经验和信念:COVID-19大流行对医学生的教育、职业和个人专业选择产生了重大影响。本研究表明了疾病对专业选择的影响。因此,研究结果可用于制定国家卫生政策和规划。
{"title":"The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Factors Influencing Iranian Medical Residents' Specialty Selection: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Yaser Sarikhani, Seyedeh Maryam Najibi, Rahil Mosallanejad, Ali Rayatinejad, Mohammad Reza Sanjabi, Fereshteh Gholami, Shahidul Islam, Peivand Bastani","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2023.97637.2943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2023.97637.2943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medical students' specialty selection influences the composition of the physician workforce and the effectiveness of health systems. Therefore, the identification of factors that influence the choice of specialty is critical for an evidence-based health policy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the determinants of specialty choice among Iranian medical residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In early 2022, this qualitative study was conducted among Iranian medical residents in seven provinces, including Tehran, Isfahan, Fars, Khorasan Razavi, Kerman, Kermanshah, and Khuzestan. The participants were selected using a purposeful sampling method. Data were collected using 74 semi-structured in-depth face-to-face interviews. Finally, a thematic content analysis (conventional content analysis) method was applied for data synthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participant's mean age was 28.7±2.5 years, and more than 52% (N=39) were men. Following data synthesis, 10 sub-themes and four main themes were identified, including educational aspects affected by the pandemic, career-related hazards, personal and professional lifestyles affected by the disease, and experiences and beliefs regarding the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on medical students' educational, professional, and personal aspects of specialty choices. This study demonstrated how the disease affected the choice of specialty. Therefore, the findings could be used for developing national health policy and planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 4","pages":"259-267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11053256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Some Prognostic Biomarkers in Human Papillomavirus-Related Multiphenotypic Sinonasal Carcinoma. 评估人类乳头瘤病毒相关多型鼻窦癌的一些预后生物标志物
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.97341.2906
Mohamed Ali Alabiad, Warda M M Said, Amal M A Adim, Mohammed Alorini, Amany Mohamed Shalaby, Walaa Samy, Shereen Elshorbagy, Doaa Mandour, Ibrahim Mohamed Saber, Amar Ibrahim Omar Yahia, Dina Ahmed Khairy

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related multi phenotypic sinonasal carcinoma (HMSC) is a recently described tumor subtype with an unknown prognosis, often misdiagnosed with other sinonasal carcinomas, and associated with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV). The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), ProExTMC, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and assess their association with survival and clinicopathological characteristics.

Methods: Between 2017 and 2022, 40 HMSC patients underwent surgical resection at the School of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals (Zagazig, Egypt). Tissue samples were examined for the presence of HR-HPV; absence of myeloblastosis (MYB), MYB proto-oncogene like 1 (MYBL1), and nuclear factor I/B (NFIB) fusions and the presence of myoepithelial proteins (calponin, S100, SMA), squamous differentiation markers (p63, p40, calponin), VEGF, BAX, ProExTMC, and hTERT by immunohistochemistry. All patients were followed up for about 54 months until death or the last known survival data. Data were analyzed using the Chi square test and Kaplan-Meier method.

Results: The expression of VEGF, hTERT, and ProExTMC was significantly associated with age, advanced tumor stages, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, mortality, relapse, poor disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) (P<0.001). BAX expression was significantly associated with tumor size, age, poor DFS, and relapse (P=0.01, P<0.001, P=0.035, and P=0.002, respectively).

Conclusion: HMSC is strongly associated with HR-HPV. The expression of VEGF, EGFR, BAX, hTERT, and ProExTMC is associated with aggressive malignant behavior, poor survival, and poor prognosis, making them novel prognostic biomarkers for targeted therapeutics in HMSC.

背景:人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)相关多表型鼻窦癌(HMSC)是最近描述的一种预后不明的肿瘤亚型,常与其他鼻窦癌误诊,并与高危HPV(HR-HPV)相关。本研究旨在评估血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(BAX)、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、ProExTMC和人类端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)的表达,并评估它们与生存和临床病理特征的关系:2017年至2022年间,40名HMSC患者在埃及扎加齐格大学医院医学院(埃及扎加齐格)接受了手术切除。组织样本通过免疫组化检查是否存在HR-HPV;是否存在骨髓母细胞病(MYB)、MYB原癌基因样1(MYBL1)和核因子I/B(NFIB)融合;是否存在肌上皮蛋白(钙蛋白、S100、SMA)、鳞状细胞分化标志物(p63、p40、钙蛋白)、VEGF、BAX、ProExTMC和hTERT。所有患者均接受了约 54 个月的随访,直至死亡或获得最后已知的生存数据。数据采用Chi square检验和Kaplan-Meier法进行分析:结果:VEGF、hTERT和ProExTMC的表达与年龄、肿瘤晚期、淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小、死亡率、复发、无病生存率(DFS)和总生存率(OS)显著相关:HMSC与HR-HPV密切相关。VEGF、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、BAX、hTERT和ProExTMC的表达与侵袭性恶性行为、生存率低和预后不良有关,因此成为HMSC靶向治疗的新型预后生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
Disappearance of Imported Cases of Omicron Lineage BA.2.40 in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. 印度尼西亚西加里曼丹的 Omicron 系 BA.2.40 进口病例消失。
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.97513.2935
Delima Fajar Liana, Virhan Novianry, Andriani Andriani, Mahyarudin Mahyarudin, Puji Astuti

Background: The World Health Organization has declared Omicron as the fifth variant of concern with more than 50 mutations, particularly in the spike protein. Given increased viral infectivity due to mutations, worldwide genomic surveillance and detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential. The present study aimed to track Omicron lineage BA.2.40 in West Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Methods: In May-August 2022, nasopharyngeal swab samples (n=3,642) were collected from international travelers to West Kalimantan (active surveillance), and patients hospitalized due to SARS-CoV-2 infection (baseline surveillance). The samples were tested for Omicron lineages based on ORF1ab, N, and HV69-70del genes, followed by whole-genome sequencing. The sequences were then identified using two genomic databases, aligned against the reference genome (Wuhan/Hu-1/2019), and then compared with BA.2.40 lineage detected across the world. Phylogenetic analysis between the samples and other SARS-CoV-2 isolates was performed using molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software.

Results: Based on the genomic databases, 10 isolates were identified as BA.2.40. All samples tested positive for the ORF1ab and N genes, but negative for the HV69-70del gene, which is a marker to detect the Omicron variant. Phylogenetic analysis showed the isolates were closely related to an isolate from Malaysia, an area dominated by BA.2.40.

Conclusion: Omicron lineage BA.2.40 has no HV69-70 deletion in the spike protein, a marker used to screen for the Omicron variant. BA.2.40 showed a high similarity to an isolate from Malaysia and was detected only during certain periods, indicating the effect of internationally imported cases.

背景:世界卫生组织已宣布 Omicron 为第五个令人担忧的变种,它有 50 多个突变,特别是在尖峰蛋白中。由于变异导致病毒传染性增强,因此必须在全球范围内对严重急性呼吸系统综合征 2(SARS-CoV-2)进行基因组监测和检测。本研究旨在追踪印度尼西亚西加里曼丹省的 Omicron 系 BA.2.40:2022年5月至8月,从前往西加里曼丹的国际旅行者(主动监测)和因感染SARS-CoV-2而住院的患者(基线监测)中采集了鼻咽拭子样本(n=3,642)。根据 ORF1ab、N 和 HV69-70del 基因对样本进行了 Omicron 系检测,然后进行了全基因组测序。然后使用两个基因组数据库对序列进行鉴定,与参考基因组(Wuhan/Hu-1/2019)进行比对,再与全球检测到的 BA.2.40 系进行比较。使用分子进化遗传学分析软件对样本和其他 SARS-CoV-2 分离物进行了系统进化分析:结果:根据基因组数据库,10 个分离株被确定为 BA.2.40。所有样本的 ORF1ab 和 N 基因均呈阳性,但 HV69-70del 基因呈阴性,而 HV69-70del 基因是检测 Omicron 变种的标记。系统发育分析表明,这些分离物与马来西亚的一个分离物关系密切,而马来西亚是 BA.2.40 的主要分布区:欧米克隆品系 BA.2.40 的尖峰蛋白中没有 HV69-70 缺失,而 HV69-70 是用于筛选欧米克隆变异体的标记。BA.2.40与马来西亚的一个分离株高度相似,并且只在特定时期被检测到,这表明国际输入病例的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oral Epithelial Dysplasia: A Practical Approach to Make the Diagnosis. 人类乳头瘤病毒相关口腔上皮增生症:诊断的实用方法》(Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oral Epithelial Dysplasia: A Practical Approach to Make the Diagnosis)。
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.96202.2897
Kiarash Parchami, Samira Derakhshan, Hana Saffar, Pouyan Aminishakib, Ahmad Reza Shamshiri, Samaneh Afshar

Background: High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes are found in malignant oral epithelial lesions, and HPV infection is proposed as a risk factor for initiating Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the head and neck region. This study suggests a practical approach to detect HPV in HPV-associated oral epithelial dysplasia (HAOED).

Methods: Fifty-four oral epithelial dysplasia specimens were examined, comprising twenty-seven cases diagnosed with high-grade dysplasia and twenty-seven cases diagnosed with low-grade dysplasia using a binary grading system. To assess the cases for HPV, the specimens were examined for p16 protein using an immunohistochemical (IHC) study, and then, the Chromatin In Situ Hybridization (CISH) test was performed for all positive cases. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ChIP-PCR) was performed on CISH-positive specimens to assess the outcome. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 at Tehran University of Medical Science. SPSS software version 22.0 was used to perform the Chi square or Fisher's exact test to examine the relationship between variables (statistically significant level P<0.05).

Results: The expression of p16 protein was not associated with the severity of epithelial dysplasia (81.5% in low-grade and 59.2% in high-grade cases) (P=0.16). Moreover, according to the CISH test result, 9.25% of all specimens were positive (P>0.99), and in the nine cases, undergone the ChIP-PCR study, two cases (22.2%) showed positivity for HPV-16, while one case (11.1%) demonstrated positivity for HPV-51.

Conclusion: Regarding HAOED, here, we proposed a step-by-step combination approach using different diagnostic methods, including IHC for p16 protein, CISH, and ChIP-PCR based on a complementary algorithm.

背景:在恶性口腔上皮病变中发现了高危人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因型,HPV感染被认为是引发头颈部鳞状细胞癌(SCC)的危险因素。本研究提出了一种检测 HPV 相关口腔上皮发育不良(HAOED)中 HPV 的实用方法:方法:采用二元分级系统检查了54例口腔上皮发育不良标本,其中27例被诊断为高级别发育不良,27例被诊断为低级别发育不良。为了评估病例是否感染了人乳头瘤病毒,研究人员对标本进行了免疫组化(IHC)检查,以检测 p16 蛋白,然后对所有阳性病例进行了染色质原位杂交(CISH)检测。对 CISH 阳性标本进行染色质免疫沉淀聚合酶链反应(ChIP-PCR),以评估结果。这项横断面研究于 2020 年在德黑兰医科大学进行。研究人员使用 SPSS 软件 22.0 版进行了卡方检验或费雪精确检验,以检验变量之间的关系(统计学显著水平):p16 蛋白的表达与上皮发育不良的严重程度无关(低度病例为 81.5%,高度病例为 59.2%)(P=0.16)。此外,根据 CISH 检测结果,9.25% 的标本呈阳性(P>0.99),在进行 ChIP-PCR 研究的 9 例病例中,2 例(22.2%)显示 HPV-16 阳性,1 例(11.1%)显示 HPV-51 阳性:关于 HAOED,我们在此提出了一种基于互补算法的分步组合方法,使用不同的诊断方法,包括 p16 蛋白 IHC、CISH 和 ChIP-PCR。
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引用次数: 0
The Potential Role of Autophagy in Progression of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Receiving Antiviral Treatment: A Brief Report. 自噬在接受抗病毒治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者肝纤维化进展中的潜在作用:简要报告。
IF 2.4 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.96588.2813
Kamran Bagheri Lankarani, Atefeh Sadidoost, Mohammadreza Fattahi, Saeid Amirizadeh Fard, Pooneh Mokarram

Despite antiviral treatment, some patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) progress to cirrhosis. Enhancement of autophagy was implicated in the proliferation of hepatitis B in hepatocytes. This study aimed to evaluate the potential role of autophagy in the progression of liver fibrosis in patients receiving antiviral treatments and having completely inhibited viral replication. This descriptive-analytical study was designed and conducted in 2020 at Mottahhari Hepatitis Clinic affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Science (Shiraz, Iran). Patients who were on anti-hepatitis B nucleotide treatments for at least two years, and those who were not cirrhotic at baseline but later progressed to cirrhosis were identified to be included in the case group. Besides, for the control group, patients on the nucleotide regimens who did not have cirrhosis at baseline or during follow-up were randomly selected. Ultimately, 16 cases and 14 controls were included in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Serum Beclin-1 and LC3 levels were compared between the two groups using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The t test was used to assess the statistical differences between the case and control groups. Beclin-1 level was significantly higher in cirrhosis patients than the control group (1283±244 vs. 1063±257, P=0.024). However, there was no statistical difference between the level of LC3 in the cirrhotic group (168±31) and the control group (150±16) (P=0.065). Autophagy may have a role in the progression of cirrhosis in patients with CHB. Future larger prospective studies are required to determine the effect of blocking on the progression of liver disease in this population A preprint of this study was published at https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1435490/v1.pdf.

尽管接受了抗病毒治疗,一些慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者仍会发展为肝硬化。自噬的增强与乙型肝炎在肝细胞中的增殖有关。本研究旨在评估自噬在接受抗病毒治疗并完全抑制病毒复制的患者肝纤维化进展过程中的潜在作用。这项描述性分析研究于 2020 年在伊朗设拉子医科大学附属 Mottahhari 肝炎诊所(伊朗设拉子)设计和实施。病例组包括接受抗乙型肝炎核苷酸治疗至少两年的患者,以及基线时未患肝硬化但后来发展为肝硬化的患者。此外,在对照组中,随机选取了接受核苷酸治疗但在基线或随访期间未出现肝硬化的患者。研究最终纳入了 16 例病例和 14 例对照。研究使用 SPSS 软件对数据进行分析,并使用 Pt 检验来评估病例组和对照组之间的统计学差异。肝硬化患者的Beclin-1水平明显高于对照组(1283±244 vs. 1063±257,P=0.024)。然而,肝硬化组(168±31)和对照组(150±16)的 LC3 水平无统计学差异(P=0.065)。自噬可能在慢性乙型肝炎患者肝硬化的进展过程中发挥作用。未来需要进行更大规模的前瞻性研究,以确定阻断对该人群肝病进展的影响。本研究的预印本发表于 https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1435490/v1.pdf。
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引用次数: 0
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Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
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