C. P. Rodríguez-López, M. González-Torres, O. Nájera-Medina
Sedentary lifestyles can contribute to obesity and other diseas-es; while chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity can lead to metabolic alterations. As physical activity is an alternative to decrease excess weight and its related comorbidities, High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has recently emerged as effective in regulating whole-body metabolism and inflam-matory processes in people with excess weight.The objective was to compare the effects of a modified HIIT program on peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), metabolic profile, insulin resistance (IR), andbody composition (BC) in sed-entary adults with excess weight. PBL, biochemical variables, IR, and BC were analyzed in 37 participants, 23 sedentary young adults (17 with overweight and six with obesity), before and after eight weeks of a modified HIIT program and compared with those of 14 healthy-weight participants. The results showed that after HIIT, total lymphocytes, TCD3+, and TCD8+ lymphocytes decreased; granulocytes and naïve TCD3+ cells increased in patients. Regarding partial correlations, we found that changes (Δ) in TCD8+ lymphocytes correlated posi-tively with glucose and LDL -c, while naïve TCD3+ cells correlated with total cholesterol and LDL -c. Δ in TCD4+CD45RA+ cells correlated negatively with Δ in subcutaneous fat tissue and body fat mass. This study reports that sedentary young adults who completed the modified HIIT program showed lymphocyte levels similar to those in healthy-weight individuals and positive changes in the study variables. Such changes suggest immunometabolic regulation through the implementation of HIIT in participants with overweight and obesity.
{"title":"Modified High-Intensity Interval Training and its effects on immunometabolic regulation in sedentary young adults with overweight and obesity.","authors":"C. P. Rodríguez-López, M. González-Torres, O. Nájera-Medina","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a07","url":null,"abstract":"Sedentary lifestyles can contribute to obesity and other diseas-es; while chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity can lead to metabolic alterations. As physical activity is an alternative to decrease excess weight and its related comorbidities, High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has recently emerged as effective in regulating whole-body metabolism and inflam-matory processes in people with excess weight.The objective was to compare the effects of a modified HIIT program on peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), metabolic profile, insulin resistance (IR), andbody composition (BC) in sed-entary adults with excess weight. PBL, biochemical variables, IR, and BC were analyzed in 37 participants, 23 sedentary young adults (17 with overweight and six with obesity), before and after eight weeks of a modified HIIT program and compared with those of 14 healthy-weight participants. The results showed that after HIIT, total lymphocytes, TCD3+, and TCD8+ lymphocytes decreased; granulocytes and naïve TCD3+ cells increased in patients. Regarding partial correlations, we found that changes (Δ) in TCD8+ lymphocytes correlated posi-tively with glucose and LDL -c, while naïve TCD3+ cells correlated with total cholesterol and LDL -c. Δ in TCD4+CD45RA+ cells correlated negatively with Δ in subcutaneous fat tissue and body fat mass. This study reports that sedentary young adults who completed the modified HIIT program showed lymphocyte levels similar to those in healthy-weight individuals and positive changes in the study variables. Such changes suggest immunometabolic regulation through the implementation of HIIT in participants with overweight and obesity.","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44340864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Şenol Biçer, B. Suleyman, R. Mammadov, Bulent Yavuzer, Betul Cicek, D. Altuner, T. Coban, H. Suleyman
Several studies have reported that oxidative stress, and proinflam-matory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-one beta (IL -1β), and interleukin-six (IL -6) are the main factors underlying bladder ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage. Anakinra and tocilizumab are known to be antioxidants and proinflammatory cytokine inhibitors. Our study aims to investigate if anakinra, tocilizumab, and the combination (ATC) thereof have a protective effect against oxidative and inflammatory bladder damage induced through the I/R procedure in rats, and evaluate by comparing these compounds. Male rats were divided into five groups: bladder sham-operation applied group (SG); bladder only I/R applied group (IRG); anakinra+bladder I/R applied group (AIR); tocilizumab+bladder I/R applied group (TIR); and ATC+bladder I/R applied group (ATIR). An atraumatic clamp was placed on the abdominal aorta of animals in all groups (except SG), and one hour of ischemia followed by two hours of reperfusion was performed. Our biochemical find-ings showed that anakinra and tocilizumab significantly inhibited the increase of oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decrease of antioxidants such as total glu-tathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in bladder tissue by I/R, both at the same levels. Furthermore, anakinra and tocilizumab significantly suppressed the I/R-associated increase of TNF-α, IL -1β, and IL -6 in bladder tissue. ATC was the one that best prevented the I/R-related increase in MDA, TNF-α, IL -1β, and IL -6 and the decrease in tGSH, SOD, and CAT in the bladder tissue. ATC was more beneficial than anakinra or tocilizumab alone in treating bladder I/R damage.
一些研究报道，氧化应激和促炎细胞因子如肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β (IL -1β)和白细胞介素-6 (IL -6)是膀胱缺血-再灌注(I/R)损伤的主要因素。Anakinra和tocilizumab是已知的抗氧化剂和促炎细胞因子抑制剂。我们的研究旨在探讨anakinra、tocilizumab及其联合(ATC)是否对大鼠I/R过程诱导的氧化性和炎症性膀胱损伤具有保护作用，并通过比较这些化合物进行评估。雄性大鼠分为5组:膀胱假手术应用组(SG);仅膀胱I/R应用组(IRG);anakinra+膀胱I/R应用组(AIR);托珠单抗+膀胱I/R应用组(TIR);ATC+膀胱I/R应用组(ATIR)。各组动物(SG除外)腹主动脉均采用无外伤夹持，缺血1小时后再灌注2小时。我们的生化研究结果显示，anakinra和tocilizumab通过I/R显著抑制膀胱组织中氧化剂丙二醛(MDA)的增加和抗氧化剂如总谷胱甘肽(tGSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的减少，两者均在相同水平。此外，anakinra和tocilizumab显著抑制膀胱组织中I/ r相关的TNF-α、IL -1β和IL -6的升高。ATC对I/ r相关的膀胱组织MDA、TNF-α、IL -1β、IL -6的升高和tGSH、SOD、CAT的降低具有较好的抑制作用。在治疗膀胱I/R损伤方面，ATC比单独使用阿那那单抗或托珠单抗更有益。
{"title":"Effect of anakinra, tocilizumab, and the combination thereof on bladder ischemia-reperfusion damage in albino Wistar-type rats.","authors":"Şenol Biçer, B. Suleyman, R. Mammadov, Bulent Yavuzer, Betul Cicek, D. Altuner, T. Coban, H. Suleyman","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a09","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have reported that oxidative stress, and proinflam-matory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-one beta (IL -1β), and interleukin-six (IL -6) are the main factors underlying bladder ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage. Anakinra and tocilizumab are known to be antioxidants and proinflammatory cytokine inhibitors. Our study aims to investigate if anakinra, tocilizumab, and the combination (ATC) thereof have a protective effect against oxidative and inflammatory bladder damage induced through the I/R procedure in rats, and evaluate by comparing these compounds. Male rats were divided into five groups: bladder sham-operation applied group (SG); bladder only I/R applied group (IRG); anakinra+bladder I/R applied group (AIR); tocilizumab+bladder I/R applied group (TIR); and ATC+bladder I/R applied group (ATIR). An atraumatic clamp was placed on the abdominal aorta of animals in all groups (except SG), and one hour of ischemia followed by two hours of reperfusion was performed. Our biochemical find-ings showed that anakinra and tocilizumab significantly inhibited the increase of oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decrease of antioxidants such as total glu-tathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in bladder tissue by I/R, both at the same levels. Furthermore, anakinra and tocilizumab significantly suppressed the I/R-associated increase of TNF-α, IL -1β, and IL -6 in bladder tissue. ATC was the one that best prevented the I/R-related increase in MDA, TNF-α, IL -1β, and IL -6 and the decrease in tGSH, SOD, and CAT in the bladder tissue. ATC was more beneficial than anakinra or tocilizumab alone in treating bladder I/R damage.","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70946586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aspirin has been an essential treatment for the primary preven-tion of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Several randomized controlled studies do not support the routine use of aspirin, mainly due to its association with bleed-ing risk. This systematic review aims to advocate aspirin prescription based on the Number Needed to Treat (NNT) and the Number Needed to Harm (NNH). This combination provides a good measure of the effort to avoid an unfavor-able outcome, weighed against possible associated risks. A search of random-ized studies on aspirin treatment was conducted in two separate periods. Four studies from 1988-1998 and six from 2001-2018 were included in the analysis (157,060 participants). The primary endpoint was a composite outcome of Non-fatal Myocardial Infarction (NFMI), Non-fatal Ischemic Stroke (NFIS), and CV mortality. Major bleeding was a safety endpoint. We calculated the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR%), NNT, and NNH, alongside the Relative Risk (RR) and 95% CI of each primary endpoint. The results of all included studies (10) showed a net benefit with aspirin treatment for NFMI (NNT= 259) and the composite outcome (NNT=292) with a significant relative risk reduction of 20% (p=0.003; I2= 0%) and 10% (p<0.001; I2= 0%), respectively. There was a relevant 60% in-crease in the bleeding risk (p<0.0001, NNH=208; I2= 3%). The NNT and NNH may constitute measures of efficacy and risk in clinical shared decision-making. However, it is essential to consistently establish that patients’ benefit-risk should be individualized and not represent a clinical guide for everyone.
{"title":"Aspirin in primary cardiovascular prevention: the two faces of the coin and the importance of the Number Needed to Treat: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Gilberto Vizcaino, Jesús Weir Medina","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a011","url":null,"abstract":"Aspirin has been an essential treatment for the primary preven-tion of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Several randomized controlled studies do not support the routine use of aspirin, mainly due to its association with bleed-ing risk. This systematic review aims to advocate aspirin prescription based on the Number Needed to Treat (NNT) and the Number Needed to Harm (NNH). This combination provides a good measure of the effort to avoid an unfavor-able outcome, weighed against possible associated risks. A search of random-ized studies on aspirin treatment was conducted in two separate periods. Four studies from 1988-1998 and six from 2001-2018 were included in the analysis (157,060 participants). The primary endpoint was a composite outcome of Non-fatal Myocardial Infarction (NFMI), Non-fatal Ischemic Stroke (NFIS), and CV mortality. Major bleeding was a safety endpoint. We calculated the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR%), NNT, and NNH, alongside the Relative Risk (RR) and 95% CI of each primary endpoint. The results of all included studies (10) showed a net benefit with aspirin treatment for NFMI (NNT= 259) and the composite outcome (NNT=292) with a significant relative risk reduction of 20% (p=0.003; I2= 0%) and 10% (p<0.001; I2= 0%), respectively. There was a relevant 60% in-crease in the bleeding risk (p<0.0001, NNH=208; I2= 3%). The NNT and NNH may constitute measures of efficacy and risk in clinical shared decision-making. However, it is essential to consistently establish that patients’ benefit-risk should be individualized and not represent a clinical guide for everyone.","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42454428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Longlong Tang, H. Ye, Yuan Qin, Mingming Yang, Wentao Gong, Qi He, Yang Shen, Qiyue Wang
We aimed to analyze the composition of urinary calculi and its correlations with blood lipids such as triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL -C), and high-density lipoprotein cho-lesterol (HDL -C). Three hundred patients with urinary calculi treated from January 2020 to July 2021 were selected retrospectively into a urinary calculi group, while three hundred healthy individuals who received physical examina-tion in our hospital during the same period were enrolled in a control group. Us-ing the Spearman correlation analysis, we investigated the correlation between the composition of urinary calculi and dyslipidemia and explored the factors affecting urinary calculi through multivariate logistic regression analysis.The serum levels of TG and TC were significantly higher (p<0.05), the serum HDL -C level was significantly lower (p<0.05), while the serum LDL -C level displayed no significant difference (p>0.05) in the urinary calculi group compared with those in the control group. The proportion of uric acid calculi was significantly higher in urinary calculi patients with dyslipidemia than that in those with normal blood lipids (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the proportions of infectious calculi and calcium calculi between urinary calculi patients with dyslipidemia and those with normal blood lipids (p>0.05). Dyslipidemia was positively correlated with uric acid calculi (p<0.05) but not associated with infectious calculi or calcium calculi (p>0.05). TG was a risk factor for urinary calculi (p<0.05). The formation of urinary calculi is closely associated with blood lipid levels. Dyslipidemia, especially hypertriglyceride-mia, can easily induce the formation of uric acid calculi.
{"title":"Association of formation of urinary calculi with blood lipid levels.","authors":"Longlong Tang, H. Ye, Yuan Qin, Mingming Yang, Wentao Gong, Qi He, Yang Shen, Qiyue Wang","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a06","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to analyze the composition of urinary calculi and its correlations with blood lipids such as triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL -C), and high-density lipoprotein cho-lesterol (HDL -C). Three hundred patients with urinary calculi treated from January 2020 to July 2021 were selected retrospectively into a urinary calculi group, while three hundred healthy individuals who received physical examina-tion in our hospital during the same period were enrolled in a control group. Us-ing the Spearman correlation analysis, we investigated the correlation between the composition of urinary calculi and dyslipidemia and explored the factors affecting urinary calculi through multivariate logistic regression analysis.The serum levels of TG and TC were significantly higher (p<0.05), the serum HDL -C level was significantly lower (p<0.05), while the serum LDL -C level displayed no significant difference (p>0.05) in the urinary calculi group compared with those in the control group. The proportion of uric acid calculi was significantly higher in urinary calculi patients with dyslipidemia than that in those with normal blood lipids (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the proportions of infectious calculi and calcium calculi between urinary calculi patients with dyslipidemia and those with normal blood lipids (p>0.05). Dyslipidemia was positively correlated with uric acid calculi (p<0.05) but not associated with infectious calculi or calcium calculi (p>0.05). TG was a risk factor for urinary calculi (p<0.05). The formation of urinary calculi is closely associated with blood lipid levels. Dyslipidemia, especially hypertriglyceride-mia, can easily induce the formation of uric acid calculi.","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46269609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zifan Zhou, Longfei Wang, Jun Wang, Ningning Liu, Yongmin Liu, Lizhong Sun
This study aimed to analyze the effect of elevated creatine ki-nase isozyme levels on early prognosis after off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) grafting. Based on the levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), 116 patients were divided into two groups: one with a mild increase (n=85) and another group with a severe increase (n=31) in the enzyme. Clinical data, changes in CK-MB levels at 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery, changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVESD) before surgery, and seven days and three months after surgery were measured, and recorded. Also, the blood flow of the bridging vessel, vascular resistance, the diameter of the anterior descending branch, and the diameter of the distal target vessel were recorded during the operation (> 1.5 mm). A decrease in the level of LVEDD was recorded in both groups after the operation compared to the levels before. However, in the group with a mild increase in CK-MB, the LVEF after the operation increased compared to before the operation (p<0.05). The occurrence of angina pectoris 24 hours before surgery, high vas-cular resistance during surgery, and diameter of distal target vessel > 1.5 mm were related factors affecting the increase of CK-MB after surgery. The ratio of these factors was higher in the severe increase group than in the mild increase group (p<0.05). An increase in myocardial enzymes causes a slow recovery of myocardial function, so it can be used as a critical biological index to reflect the prognosis of patients.
{"title":"Effect of creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) on early prognosis after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.","authors":"Zifan Zhou, Longfei Wang, Jun Wang, Ningning Liu, Yongmin Liu, Lizhong Sun","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a04","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to analyze the effect of elevated creatine ki-nase isozyme levels on early prognosis after off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) grafting. Based on the levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), 116 patients were divided into two groups: one with a mild increase (n=85) and another group with a severe increase (n=31) in the enzyme. Clinical data, changes in CK-MB levels at 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery, changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVESD) before surgery, and seven days and three months after surgery were measured, and recorded. Also, the blood flow of the bridging vessel, vascular resistance, the diameter of the anterior descending branch, and the diameter of the distal target vessel were recorded during the operation (> 1.5 mm). A decrease in the level of LVEDD was recorded in both groups after the operation compared to the levels before. However, in the group with a mild increase in CK-MB, the LVEF after the operation increased compared to before the operation (p<0.05). The occurrence of angina pectoris 24 hours before surgery, high vas-cular resistance during surgery, and diameter of distal target vessel > 1.5 mm were related factors affecting the increase of CK-MB after surgery. The ratio of these factors was higher in the severe increase group than in the mild increase group (p<0.05). An increase in myocardial enzymes causes a slow recovery of myocardial function, so it can be used as a critical biological index to reflect the prognosis of patients.","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43549696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the different effects of folate and vitamin B12 on the ad-juvant treatment of schizophrenia (SCH), their efficacy and safety as adjuvant therapies for SCH were systematically evaluated by evidence-based medicine. Publication retrieval was performed using authoritative databases such as the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science to screen randomized con-trolled trials (RCTs). After the quality evaluation and data extraction of includ-ed studies, eligible RCTs were systematically reviewed using Review Manager 5.2 software. In total, 14 RCTs were included. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that as the adjuvant therapy for SCH, vitamin B12 differed significantly from folate in terms of anxiety relief rate [odds ratio (OR)=1.28, 95% con-fidence interval (CI) (1.02, 1.61), p=0.03, I2 =0%, Z=2.13]. However, there were no significant differences in the incidence rate of mania [OR=1.13, 95% CI (0.78,1.65), p=0.65, I2=36%, Z=0.65], total efficacy [OR=1.06, 95% CI (0.72, 1.56), p=0.77, I2=0%, Z=0.30] and incidence rate of adverse reactions [OR=1.15, 95% CI (0.88, 1.49), p=0.31, I2=0%, Z=1.03]. Although folate and vitamin B12 exhibit no significant differences in the adjuvant treatment of SCH, vitamin B12 exerts markedly fewer side effects than folate drugs, and it is of de-terminant significance for the clinical adjuvant medication of SCH.
鉴于叶酸和维生素B12在精神分裂症辅助治疗中的不同作用，本文采用循证医学方法系统评价叶酸和维生素B12作为精神分裂症辅助治疗的有效性和安全性。使用Cochrane图书馆、PubMed和Web of Science等权威数据库进行出版物检索，筛选随机对照试验(rct)。在对纳入研究进行质量评价和数据提取后，使用Review Manager 5.2软件对符合条件的rct进行系统评价。共纳入14项随机对照试验。meta分析结果显示，作为SCH的辅助治疗，维生素B12与叶酸在焦虑缓解率方面存在显著差异[优势比(OR)=1.28, 95%可信区间(CI) (1.02, 1.61)， p=0.03, I2 =0%， Z=2.13]。但两组患者躁狂症发生率[OR=1.13, 95% CI (0.78,1.65)， p=0.65, I2=36%， Z=0.65]、总疗效[OR=1.06, 95% CI (0.72, 1.56)， p=0.77, I2=0%， Z=0.30]、不良反应发生率[OR=1.15, 95% CI (0.88, 1.49)， p=0.31, I2=0%， Z=1.03]差异无统计学意义。叶酸与维生素B12在SCH辅助治疗中虽无显著差异，但维生素B12的副作用明显小于叶酸类药物，对SCH临床辅助治疗具有决定性意义。
{"title":"Clinical efficacy and safety of folic acid and vitamin B12 for the adjuvant treatment of schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kai Niu, Ximin Zhao, Ying Wei, Yuefeng Wang","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a12","url":null,"abstract":"Given the different effects of folate and vitamin B12 on the ad-juvant treatment of schizophrenia (SCH), their efficacy and safety as adjuvant therapies for SCH were systematically evaluated by evidence-based medicine. Publication retrieval was performed using authoritative databases such as the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science to screen randomized con-trolled trials (RCTs). After the quality evaluation and data extraction of includ-ed studies, eligible RCTs were systematically reviewed using Review Manager 5.2 software. In total, 14 RCTs were included. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that as the adjuvant therapy for SCH, vitamin B12 differed significantly from folate in terms of anxiety relief rate [odds ratio (OR)=1.28, 95% con-fidence interval (CI) (1.02, 1.61), p=0.03, I2 =0%, Z=2.13]. However, there were no significant differences in the incidence rate of mania [OR=1.13, 95% CI (0.78,1.65), p=0.65, I2=36%, Z=0.65], total efficacy [OR=1.06, 95% CI (0.72, 1.56), p=0.77, I2=0%, Z=0.30] and incidence rate of adverse reactions [OR=1.15, 95% CI (0.88, 1.49), p=0.31, I2=0%, Z=1.03]. Although folate and vitamin B12 exhibit no significant differences in the adjuvant treatment of SCH, vitamin B12 exerts markedly fewer side effects than folate drugs, and it is of de-terminant significance for the clinical adjuvant medication of SCH.","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70946604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer cell migration and invasion are critical components of metastatic disease, the leading cause of death in cancer patients. The epithe-lium-mesenchyme-transition (EMT) and mesenchyme-epithelium-transition (MET) are pathways involved in cancer metastasis. This process involves the degradation of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix junctions and the subse-quent loss of regulation of binding proteins such as E-cadherin. Cells undergo a reorganization of the cytoskeleton. These alterations are associated with a change in cell shape from epithelial to mesenchymal morphology. Understand-ing EMT and MET’s molecular and cellular basis provides fundamental insights into cancer etiology and may lead to new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss some of the regulatory mechanisms and pathological role of epitheli-al-mesenchymal plasticity, focusing on the knowledge about the complexity and dynamics of this phenomenon in cancer
{"title":"Transición epitelio – mesenquima y cáncer.","authors":"Francisco Arvelo, Felipe Sojo","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a10","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer cell migration and invasion are critical components of metastatic disease, the leading cause of death in cancer patients. The epithe-lium-mesenchyme-transition (EMT) and mesenchyme-epithelium-transition (MET) are pathways involved in cancer metastasis. This process involves the degradation of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix junctions and the subse-quent loss of regulation of binding proteins such as E-cadherin. Cells undergo a reorganization of the cytoskeleton. These alterations are associated with a change in cell shape from epithelial to mesenchymal morphology. Understand-ing EMT and MET’s molecular and cellular basis provides fundamental insights into cancer etiology and may lead to new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss some of the regulatory mechanisms and pathological role of epitheli-al-mesenchymal plasticity, focusing on the knowledge about the complexity and dynamics of this phenomenon in cancer","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48016033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The digital information age has resulted in an overwhelming avalanche of scientific in-formation in all areas, causing specialists in the health area to face a significant challenge to select and synthesize the most important and relevant information in their fields. Systematic reviews have positioned themselves as one of the main tools for searching, collecting, and synthesizing data from scientific publications, making it easier for health personnel to stay up-to-date and make health decisions based on the best scientific evidence available to date. Several guides have been developed seeking to establish guidelines and unify the way to carry out systematic reviews and meta-analyses to improve the quality of their presentation. How-ever, this type of scientific publication is not exempt from limitations and disadvantages. The PRISMA statement constitutes an excellent guide for accomplishing scientific reviews and meta-analyses since it details each aspect to be considered in preparing this type of scientific publication. Since its appearance, this statement continues to experience modifications to update it and adapt it according to the new scientific evidence available.
{"title":"EDITORIAL. Importancia de las revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis en la era de la información digital","authors":"Jesús Quintero, G. Vizcaíno","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a00","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a00","url":null,"abstract":"The digital information age has resulted in an overwhelming avalanche of scientific in-formation in all areas, causing specialists in the health area to face a significant challenge to select and synthesize the most important and relevant information in their fields. Systematic reviews have positioned themselves as one of the main tools for searching, collecting, and synthesizing data from scientific publications, making it easier for health personnel to stay up-to-date and make health decisions based on the best scientific evidence available to date. Several guides have been developed seeking to establish guidelines and unify the way to carry out systematic reviews and meta-analyses to improve the quality of their presentation. How-ever, this type of scientific publication is not exempt from limitations and disadvantages. The PRISMA statement constitutes an excellent guide for accomplishing scientific reviews and meta-analyses since it details each aspect to be considered in preparing this type of scientific publication. Since its appearance, this statement continues to experience modifications to update it and adapt it according to the new scientific evidence available.","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47665137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elba Guerrero, Lizeth Caraballo, Howard Takiff, Dana García, Marynes Montiel
Antibiotic-resistance in bacteria is a global health problem, and wastewater treatment plants can play a role in their dissemination. In this work, we used PCR and plasmid transformation to characterize antibiotic-resistance and the phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolated from a treatment plant in Zulia, a state in western Venezuela. Thirty-six bacteria isolates were analyzed, of which 27 resulted resistant by disc diffusion primarily to tetracycline and sulfisoxazole but also to trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and cip-rofloxacin. The tetA, sul2, floR, and blaTEM resistance genes were frequently present and, in most cases, transferable. dfrA12, tetB, sul3, sul1, and aadA2genes also were detected. The integrase gene intI1 was common in multidrug-resistant isolates. These results suggest that E. coli from the treatment plant is a reservoir of antibiotic-resistance genes, which signify a potential health threat. Additionally, the phylogroup C was predominant, which is unusual and may represent an adaptation of this group to environmental conditions or per-haps the most frequent phylogroup entering from the influent.
{"title":"Phenotypic and genotypic study of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from a wastewater treatment plant in Zulia state, Venezuela.","authors":"Elba Guerrero, Lizeth Caraballo, Howard Takiff, Dana García, Marynes Montiel","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a03","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic-resistance in bacteria is a global health problem, and wastewater treatment plants can play a role in their dissemination. In this work, we used PCR and plasmid transformation to characterize antibiotic-resistance and the phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolated from a treatment plant in Zulia, a state in western Venezuela. Thirty-six bacteria isolates were analyzed, of which 27 resulted resistant by disc diffusion primarily to tetracycline and sulfisoxazole but also to trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and cip-rofloxacin. The tetA, sul2, floR, and blaTEM resistance genes were frequently present and, in most cases, transferable. dfrA12, tetB, sul3, sul1, and aadA2genes also were detected. The integrase gene intI1 was common in multidrug-resistant isolates. These results suggest that E. coli from the treatment plant is a reservoir of antibiotic-resistance genes, which signify a potential health threat. Additionally, the phylogroup C was predominant, which is unusual and may represent an adaptation of this group to environmental conditions or per-haps the most frequent phylogroup entering from the influent.","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44650476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Zeng, Ya-nan Liu, Zhen Li, Yun He, Fang Li, Shu-yuan Zhang, Jing Gu, Li Lu
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) could be ideal seed cells for repairing nerve injury as they have the potential for multidirectional dif-ferentiation. However, it is still unclear whether the undifferentiated or the differentiated ADSCs have priorities in promoting axonal regeneration and my-elin formation. In this study, the primary ADSCs from rats were cultured and differentiated. The morphology, differentiation potential, and secretion of neu-rotrophic factors of ADSCs were compared before and after induction. Undiffer-entiated ADSCs (uADSCs) were aggregated into bundles containing reticular, star, and polygonal structures. They contained a large number of lipid droplets and were positive for Oil red O staining. After differentiation, differentiation ADSCs (dADSCs) become long and spindle-shaped with decreasing protrusions around the cells, spiraling growth, and were negative for Oil red O staining. When comparing the groups the flow cytometer analysis showed: similar CD29 and CD45 surface markers in both groups; and CD44 and CD90 markers were very low in the undifferentiated groups. The levels of neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) and neuregulin 1 (NRG-1), and their receptors tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC) and receptor protein-tyrosine kinase erbB-4 (ErbB-4) in dADSCs were higher than those in uADSCs. While the expressions of myelin protein zero (P0), myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), and purine receptor P2X7 (P2X7) were not significantly different before and after differentiation. It may be specu-lated that the dADSCs have enhanced abilities in nerve repairment which is associated with increased expression of neurotrophic factors
{"title":"Induced differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells enhance secretion of neurotrophic factors.","authors":"Xin Zeng, Ya-nan Liu, Zhen Li, Yun He, Fang Li, Shu-yuan Zhang, Jing Gu, Li Lu","doi":"10.54817/ic.v64n3a01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54817/ic.v64n3a01","url":null,"abstract":"Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) could be ideal seed cells for repairing nerve injury as they have the potential for multidirectional dif-ferentiation. However, it is still unclear whether the undifferentiated or the differentiated ADSCs have priorities in promoting axonal regeneration and my-elin formation. In this study, the primary ADSCs from rats were cultured and differentiated. The morphology, differentiation potential, and secretion of neu-rotrophic factors of ADSCs were compared before and after induction. Undiffer-entiated ADSCs (uADSCs) were aggregated into bundles containing reticular, star, and polygonal structures. They contained a large number of lipid droplets and were positive for Oil red O staining. After differentiation, differentiation ADSCs (dADSCs) become long and spindle-shaped with decreasing protrusions around the cells, spiraling growth, and were negative for Oil red O staining. When comparing the groups the flow cytometer analysis showed: similar CD29 and CD45 surface markers in both groups; and CD44 and CD90 markers were very low in the undifferentiated groups. The levels of neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) and neuregulin 1 (NRG-1), and their receptors tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC) and receptor protein-tyrosine kinase erbB-4 (ErbB-4) in dADSCs were higher than those in uADSCs. While the expressions of myelin protein zero (P0), myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), and purine receptor P2X7 (P2X7) were not significantly different before and after differentiation. It may be specu-lated that the dADSCs have enhanced abilities in nerve repairment which is associated with increased expression of neurotrophic factors","PeriodicalId":14514,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion clinica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45965916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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