Italian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology最新文献

Introduction: Risankizumab is an interleukin 23p19 inhibitor, approved by the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Apart from its utility in psoriasis, there are a number of other dermatologic conditions where risankizumab has demonstrated value. The aim of this narrative review is to describe the utility of risankizumab in psoriasis, as well as its implication in off-label dermatologic disorders.

Evidence acquisition: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and ResearchGate were searched for scholarly articles related to risankizumab and its utility in dermatology using the search terms "Risankizumab" AND "Psoriasis" AND "other dermatological disorders."

Evidence synthesis: Risankizumab is a valuable biologic agent for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthropathy. It has also been used successfully for other dermatologic disorders like hidradenitis suppurativa, pityriasis rubra pilaris and pyoderma gangrenosum.

Conclusions: Risankizumab's usage is not limited to psoriasis. Its benefit extends to many more dermatologic conditions. Besides, it has an acceptable safety profile.

Since the development of the artificial intelligence (AI), several applications have been proposed. Among these, the intersection of AI and medicine has sparked a wave of innovation, revolutionizing various aspects of healthcare delivery, diagnosis, and treatment. A review of the current literature was performed to evaluate the possible applications of ChatGPT (OpenAI, San Francisco, CA, USA) in the dermatological field. A total of 20 manuscripts were collected in the present review, reporting several potential applications of ChatGPT in dermatology, ranging from clinical practice to patients' support. The convergence of ChatGPT and dermatology represents a compelling synergy that transcends traditional boundaries of healthcare delivery. As AI continues to evolve and permeate every facet of medicine, ChatGPT stands at the forefront of innovation, empowering patients and clinicians alike with its conversational prowess and knowledge dissemination capabilities.

Background: Healthcare workers have a fundamental role in providing care and education on sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, their knowledge is often worryingly limited. This study aimed to assess the real knowledge and attitude regarding STIs among healthcare workers of the IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.

Methods: The recruited subjects were asked to complete a 31-item questionnaire, divided into 3 sections: socio-demographic context, knowledge about STIs, and personal sexual behavior.

Results: We enrolled 140 subjects, employed as nurses (52.9%), physicians (12.9%), laboratory technicians (7.1%), or other workers (27.1%). Despite the generalized erroneous belief of having a good level of knowledge on the matter, only one-third of the subjects could correctly identify STIs among a list of diseases, and less than one-third correctly recognize all possible ways of transmission. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was the most frequently recognized STI (97%), but only 39.2% of healthcare workers were correctly informed about the body fluids that can transmit the virus. Most participants (93.5%) correctly identified condoms as effective in preventing STIs but did not indicate complete abstinence as the only way to guarantee protection against STIs. Most participants were informed on the oncogenic potential of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections (82%), the usefulness of the Pap test (85.7%), and the existence of vaccines against some STIs (63.5%).

Conclusions: Overall, healthcare workers have limited knowledge about STIs. Creating specific educational programs aimed at healthcare providers should become a priority.

Background: Excision and histological examination of cutaneous neoplasms are very common diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in dermatological practice. There are often discrepancies between tissue seize in vivo and after histopathological work-up. This may raise questions according to tumor sizes or safety margins.

Methods: To investigate the effect of excision and histological processing on the properties of cutaneous neoplasms in real-life 401 specimens in 324 patients were prospectively investigated. Delineated excision margins of cutaneous neoplasms were documented prior to (T0) and post excision (T1). Length, width and thickness were measured after ≥48 h of formalin fixation (T2) and after sectioning (T3) on final histological slices. Accompanying parameters such as patient age, gender, anatomical site, and tumor entity were evaluated.

Results: All post-processed tissue exhibited a significant (P<0.001) median (interquartile range) reduction in length, width and thickness of 21.0% (9.5-30.0), 30.7% (20.0-40.0), and 28.0% (4.8-46.7), respectively, irrespective of site, patient age or tumor entity. Maximum median (IQR) reduction for the length and the width was observed right after excision (17.0% [4.3-25.0] and 14.0% [11.1-28.6] reduction). No significant median (IQR) tissue changes between T1 and T2 were observed (length: 4.8% (-4.3-13.3); width: 0% (-17.6-11.1); thickness 0% (-32.0-20.0). Subgroup analyses showed significantly greater tissue shrinkage in younger patients and for tissue sample sites (trunk or lower extremities).

Conclusions: Most relevant shrinkage of cutaneous samples occurs right after excision. Age- and site-depended tissue contractility can influence these effects. Formalin fixation does not affect tissue shrinkage. Smaller tissue sizes on histopathological reports are to be expected.