Pub Date : 2020-03-20DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5639
Denistira Fazlur Rahman, H. W. Aparamarta, A. Widjaja
Vegetable waste is an organic waste with high cellulose and hemicellulose and low lignin content. The cellulose and hemicellulose chains can be broken down by pretreatment using sulfuric acid to obtain reducing sugar. To avoid the formation of degradation products that have the potential as inhibitor compounds, the temperature of the pretreatment operation was carried out at 121 and 125 for 60 minutes with sulfuric acid concentrations varying from 0.5% to 1.5% (v/v). The solid and liquid ratio (S/L) was 5% (w/v). From the experiments, the highest total reducing sugars of 7.068 g/L was obtained by pretreatment conditions at 121 for 60 minutes with a sulfuric acid concentration of 1% (v/v). Meanwhile, the lowest total reducing sugar of 2.764 g/L was produced during the pretreatment operating conditions at 125 for 60 minutes with a sulfuric acid concentration of 1% (v/v). Under the present experimental condition, it was found that only a low level of degradation product was formed, which ensures excellent performance of bacterial growth in the subsequent fermentation process.
{"title":"Effect of Dilute Acid Pretreatment of Vegetable Waste on Sugar Production and Inhibitor Formation","authors":"Denistira Fazlur Rahman, H. W. Aparamarta, A. Widjaja","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5639","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable waste is an organic waste with high cellulose and hemicellulose and low lignin content. The cellulose and hemicellulose chains can be broken down by pretreatment using sulfuric acid to obtain reducing sugar. To avoid the formation of degradation products that have the potential as inhibitor compounds, the temperature of the pretreatment operation was carried out at 121 and 125 for 60 minutes with sulfuric acid concentrations varying from 0.5% to 1.5% (v/v). The solid and liquid ratio (S/L) was 5% (w/v). From the experiments, the highest total reducing sugars of 7.068 g/L was obtained by pretreatment conditions at 121 for 60 minutes with a sulfuric acid concentration of 1% (v/v). Meanwhile, the lowest total reducing sugar of 2.764 g/L was produced during the pretreatment operating conditions at 125 for 60 minutes with a sulfuric acid concentration of 1% (v/v). Under the present experimental condition, it was found that only a low level of degradation product was formed, which ensures excellent performance of bacterial growth in the subsequent fermentation process.","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48254300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-10DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5961
M. Soedarjo, S. Suhartina, N. Nugrahaeni, A. Wijanarko, D. A. Putri, S. Fatmawati
Tempe and tofu are the main product of soybean commonly consumed as a daily food for the people of Indonesia. So far, soybean is well known to be a source of protein. Indeed, soybean contains secondary metabolites resulting in antioxidant activities. Antioxidants would nullify the negative effect of reactive oxygen and, as a result, could improve and maintain human health. Improvement of awareness of Indonesian people that soybean is good for human health promotion and maintenance could be a trigger to enlarge the soybean production area and increase national soybean production. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of some improved soybean varieties. The observation was done in three replicates, and the standard deviation was made. The results of the present study showed that total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, asmeasured by ABTS and DPPH, varied among the soybean seeds tested. The variability of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was not caused by different seed sizes but by the different genetic background encoding for other phenotypes than the seed size. In general, antioxidant activity is positively correlated to total phenolic content. Demas and Tanggamus showed significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to the rest, including imported soybean. Therefore, Demas and Tanggamus could be used as better food sources for human health.
{"title":"The Antioxidant Activities and Phenolic Content of Improved Soybean Seeds Varieties of Different Grain Sizes","authors":"M. Soedarjo, S. Suhartina, N. Nugrahaeni, A. Wijanarko, D. A. Putri, S. Fatmawati","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5961","url":null,"abstract":"Tempe and tofu are the main product of soybean commonly consumed as a daily food for the people of Indonesia. So far, soybean is well known to be a source of protein. Indeed, soybean contains secondary metabolites resulting in antioxidant activities. Antioxidants would nullify the negative effect of reactive oxygen and, as a result, could improve and maintain human health. Improvement of awareness of Indonesian people that soybean is good for human health promotion and maintenance could be a trigger to enlarge the soybean production area and increase national soybean production. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of some improved soybean varieties. The observation was done in three replicates, and the standard deviation was made. The results of the present study showed that total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, asmeasured by ABTS and DPPH, varied among the soybean seeds tested. The variability of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was not caused by different seed sizes but by the different genetic background encoding for other phenotypes than the seed size. In general, antioxidant activity is positively correlated to total phenolic content. Demas and Tanggamus showed significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to the rest, including imported soybean. Therefore, Demas and Tanggamus could be used as better food sources for human health.","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49046934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5375
Derisma Derisma, A. Putra, Dodon Yendri
This research aimed to create an automatic microcontroller-based coffee bean drying machine without the support of sunlight to produce SNI-standardized coffee beans with small water content or amounted to 12%. The appliance consists of a tubeshaped container with 50 cm length and 11 cm radius, soil moisture sensor, DS18B20 temperature sensor, heater, motor DC, relay two-channel, and Arduino Uno microcontroller. The drying works when soil moisture sensor detects 12% of water content from big coffee beans. The drying process is done by applying a heater to dry the coffee beans, and the motor DC is used as the rotator of the container to dry the coffee beans evenly. The temperature of the drying container is around 51°C-55°C because the surface of coffee beans will be damaged if the temperature is above 55°C. When the water content of coffee beans is low or equal to 12%, the drying process is terminated. The drying process of dense coffee beans (1 kg) with 25.34% of initial water content takes 60 minutes with 11.74% of final water content as a result, While the drying process with the help of sunlight required approximately 310 minutes with 11.83% of final water content. It has been proved that the drying with the machine was faster than the drying process through sunlight.
{"title":"Designing An Automatic Microcontroller-based Drying Machine of Coffee Beans","authors":"Derisma Derisma, A. Putra, Dodon Yendri","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v31i1.5375","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to create an automatic microcontroller-based coffee bean drying machine without the support of sunlight to produce SNI-standardized coffee beans with small water content or amounted to 12%. The appliance consists of a tubeshaped container with 50 cm length and 11 cm radius, soil moisture sensor, DS18B20 temperature sensor, heater, motor DC, relay two-channel, and Arduino Uno microcontroller. The drying works when soil moisture sensor detects 12% of water content from big coffee beans. The drying process is done by applying a heater to dry the coffee beans, and the motor DC is used as the rotator of the container to dry the coffee beans evenly. The temperature of the drying container is around 51°C-55°C because the surface of coffee beans will be damaged if the temperature is above 55°C. When the water content of coffee beans is low or equal to 12%, the drying process is terminated. The drying process of dense coffee beans (1 kg) with 25.34% of initial water content takes 60 minutes with 11.74% of final water content as a result, While the drying process with the help of sunlight required approximately 310 minutes with 11.83% of final water content. It has been proved that the drying with the machine was faster than the drying process through sunlight.","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48031408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v31i2.5583
Yuda Dian Harja, M. I. Irawan, R. Ambarwati
One of the main stages to achieve the success of online learning technology is accept-ing the technology by its users. Therefore, identifying how significant the influence of a factor in technology acceptance is very important. This study aims to measure the significance of learning value and trust factors on the acceptance model of online learning technology. To test the research hypothesis used the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. This research is a quantitative study with a survey approach to respondents, where respondents must have used online learning technology. The study results show the influence of learning value and trust factors on the acceptance of online learning technology is significant. The study results can be taken into consideration for providers of online learning technology in Indonesia as a reference in making strategic decisions for further development.
{"title":"Measure The Significance of Learning Value and Trust Factors for Online Learning Technology Acceptance in Indonesia","authors":"Yuda Dian Harja, M. I. Irawan, R. Ambarwati","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v31i2.5583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v31i2.5583","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main stages to achieve the success of online learning technology is accept-ing the technology by its users. Therefore, identifying how significant the influence of a factor in technology acceptance is very important. This study aims to measure the significance of learning value and trust factors on the acceptance model of online learning technology. To test the research hypothesis used the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. This research is a quantitative study with a survey approach to respondents, where respondents must have used online learning technology. The study results show the influence of learning value and trust factors on the acceptance of online learning technology is significant. The study results can be taken into consideration for providers of online learning technology in Indonesia as a reference in making strategic decisions for further development.","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87140077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5470
Hendri Hermawan, D. Iranata, D. Irawan
Excitation at low-rise reinforced concrete building had occurred within the first-year post-construction phase. It is found that the structures laying on thick soil layer while performing up to 4 kPa water transport activity. Three approaches have been adopted to investigate the dynamic behavior and the interaction the phenomenon commonly called fluid-soil-structure interaction. Applying the finite element computation to represent the dynamic of the soil-fluid and structure, existing and ideal-fixed base condition are modeled and compared each. It was found that the structure’s modes frequencies, much depend on the rigidity of the base and the fluids traffic on the pump station. Time history string of displacements at the arbitrary point shows that the vibration does occurs and it tendentious increase by time
{"title":"Fluid-Soil-Structure Interaction Phenomena on Vibration Case at Pump Station Building","authors":"Hendri Hermawan, D. Iranata, D. Irawan","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5470","url":null,"abstract":"Excitation at low-rise reinforced concrete building had occurred within the first-year post-construction phase. It is found that the structures laying on thick soil layer while performing up to 4 kPa water transport activity. Three approaches have been adopted to investigate the dynamic behavior and the interaction the phenomenon commonly called fluid-soil-structure interaction. Applying the finite element computation to represent the dynamic of the soil-fluid and structure, existing and ideal-fixed base condition are modeled and compared each. It was found that the structure’s modes frequencies, much depend on the rigidity of the base and the fluids traffic on the pump station. Time history string of displacements at the arbitrary point shows that the vibration does occurs and it tendentious increase by time","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78966892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5045
S. Shinde, Suvendu Mondal, V. Sathian
One of the important technologies for food preservation and processing is radiation processing, which is growing at ever increasing rate in India. Efforts are being done to make it more cost-effective, so there is always a need for cost-effective, indigenously developed visual indicators for providing an easy identification and segregation of irradiated products. Thus development of cost-effective visual indicator based on leuco crystal violet for doses ≥ 10 kGy was under taken. Current research works deals with fabrication and characterization of various parameters such as optimum composition, light stability, temperature effect and effect of relative humidity on the new indicator.
{"title":"Visual Indicator Based on Leuco Crystal Violet for Radiation Processing Technology","authors":"S. Shinde, Suvendu Mondal, V. Sathian","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5045","url":null,"abstract":"One of the important technologies for food preservation and processing is radiation processing, which is growing at ever increasing rate in India. Efforts are being done to make it more cost-effective, so there is always a need for cost-effective, indigenously developed visual indicators for providing an easy identification and segregation of irradiated products. Thus development of cost-effective visual indicator based on leuco crystal violet for doses ≥ 10 kGy was under taken. Current research works deals with fabrication and characterization of various parameters such as optimum composition, light stability, temperature effect and effect of relative humidity on the new indicator.","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79662168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5469
R. Y. Kurniawan, Irsandi Dwi Oka Kurniawan, L. Atmaja, N. Widiastuti
Nitrogen-doped activated carbon (SBACN) was synthesized from sugarcane bagasse waste as acarbon source and urea as nitrogen source through potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation for 2 h at high temperature via two step methods. The synthesized SBCN was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results showed that the SBCN has low degree crystallinity and graphitization with highly developed micropores due to synergistik activation effect of KOH and urea. These characteristics provide an important contribution to carbon dioxide adsorption capacity, which can reach up to 11,20% wt and this value is higher than pristine activated carbon. The results indicating that the presence of this nitrogen functionalities is found to have a beneficial influence on the carbon dioxide adsorption characteristic in standart condition and exhibit considerable potential in solid adsorption. KeywordsNitrogen-doped Nitrogen-doped Activated Carbon, Sugarcane Bagasse, KOH and Urea Activation, CO2 Adsorption.
{"title":"Synthesis N-Doped Activated Carbon from Sugarcane Bagasse for CO2 Adsorption","authors":"R. Y. Kurniawan, Irsandi Dwi Oka Kurniawan, L. Atmaja, N. Widiastuti","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5469","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen-doped activated carbon (SBACN) was synthesized from sugarcane bagasse waste as acarbon source and urea as nitrogen source through potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation for 2 h at high temperature via two step methods. The synthesized SBCN was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results showed that the SBCN has low degree crystallinity and graphitization with highly developed micropores due to synergistik activation effect of KOH and urea. These characteristics provide an important contribution to carbon dioxide adsorption capacity, which can reach up to 11,20% wt and this value is higher than pristine activated carbon. The results indicating that the presence of this nitrogen functionalities is found to have a beneficial influence on the carbon dioxide adsorption characteristic in standart condition and exhibit considerable potential in solid adsorption. KeywordsNitrogen-doped Nitrogen-doped Activated Carbon, Sugarcane Bagasse, KOH and Urea Activation, CO2 Adsorption.","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81891164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5474
Y. Variyana, M. Mahfud
Extraction from Allium cepa using solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) without solvent was chosen as a method in the extraction process. The method is combined with microwave hydro-diffusion gravity (MHG) technique. In this paper, onion oil was extracted from Allium cepa using solvent-free microwave hydro-diffusion gravity extraction which is as an alternative technique to produce onion oil and it has several advantages in terms of product quality and high yield. The highest yield was obtained from this research at 100 g, 450 W and 15 min is 2.5875%. Furthermore, response surface methodology (RSM) was designed to evaluate the effects of mass of raw material (g), microwave power (W) and extraction time (min) for optimization of experimental data. Response surface methodology gave the optimum condition at 99.738 g, 465.067 W, and 17.817 min is 2.677%. The error rates between the experimental and predicted model which are less than 5% indicate that values obtained in optimal conditions correspond to theoretical values and it can be used as a reference for optimizing
{"title":"Optimization Using Solvent-Free Microwave Hydro-diffusion Gravity Extraction of Onion Oil from Allium cepa by Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Y. Variyana, M. Mahfud","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5474","url":null,"abstract":"Extraction from Allium cepa using solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) without solvent was chosen as a method in the extraction process. The method is combined with microwave hydro-diffusion gravity (MHG) technique. In this paper, onion oil was extracted from Allium cepa using solvent-free microwave hydro-diffusion gravity extraction which is as an alternative technique to produce onion oil and it has several advantages in terms of product quality and high yield. The highest yield was obtained from this research at 100 g, 450 W and 15 min is 2.5875%. Furthermore, response surface methodology (RSM) was designed to evaluate the effects of mass of raw material (g), microwave power (W) and extraction time (min) for optimization of experimental data. Response surface methodology gave the optimum condition at 99.738 g, 465.067 W, and 17.817 min is 2.677%. The error rates between the experimental and predicted model which are less than 5% indicate that values obtained in optimal conditions correspond to theoretical values and it can be used as a reference for optimizing","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78716877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.12962/J20882033.V30I3.5509
Safira Damayanti, I. Wiguna
The quality is one of the important factors in the success of construction project. In fact, cost of construction is vain until 6-15% because reworking and process of work is late. Wika Building Contractor have standart of quality, name is QPASS ( Quality Performance Assessment Support System ) for all projects. Puncak CBD Surabaya Apartment,is one of Wika Building Project that having lower quality standart value in 2018. In this study, the six sigma method with the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) approach was used to improve low quality values. Starting with identify works with defect largest based on QPASS monthly report, then calculate the dominant defect using a level of sigma. The research results show the wall work having highest total number of defects. The wall work defect with sigma value under 3 level are joint of wall is not perpendicular, cracked plaster seen from 1.5 m distance and flaking paint. At the improve phase, determined the best action plan for handle cause factor of the three such defect. The best action was determined are do thickening and adjust the angle of wall for defect “Joint of wall is not perpendicular”, giving direction for workers about correct plaster mixture for defect “Cracked plaster seen from 1.5 m distance”, and cleaning of wall before painting for defect “ Flaking paint”.
{"title":"Analysis of Quality Improvement of Finishing Work in The Development of Puncak CBD Surabaya Apartment","authors":"Safira Damayanti, I. Wiguna","doi":"10.12962/J20882033.V30I3.5509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/J20882033.V30I3.5509","url":null,"abstract":"The quality is one of the important factors in the success of construction project. In fact, cost of construction is vain until 6-15% because reworking and process of work is late. Wika Building Contractor have standart of quality, name is QPASS ( Quality Performance Assessment Support System ) for all projects. Puncak CBD Surabaya Apartment,is one of Wika Building Project that having lower quality standart value in 2018. In this study, the six sigma method with the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) approach was used to improve low quality values. Starting with identify works with defect largest based on QPASS monthly report, then calculate the dominant defect using a level of sigma. The research results show the wall work having highest total number of defects. The wall work defect with sigma value under 3 level are joint of wall is not perpendicular, cracked plaster seen from 1.5 m distance and flaking paint. At the improve phase, determined the best action plan for handle cause factor of the three such defect. The best action was determined are do thickening and adjust the angle of wall for defect “Joint of wall is not perpendicular”, giving direction for workers about correct plaster mixture for defect “Cracked plaster seen from 1.5 m distance”, and cleaning of wall before painting for defect “ Flaking paint”.","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87428248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5504
L. Atmaja, Herianus Manimoy, L. E. Arizka
Chitin and chitosan are natural biopolymers on shrimp shells. Chitosan is used extensively as a raw material in various industries. The study aimed to extract chitin and chitosan from fanami shrimp skin through deproteinization, demineralization, and deastilation reactions and to modify the matrix to improve the physical properties. The results of the analysis of the FTIR chitin spectrum shows several major peaks at wave number 3446.91 cm which showed the vibrations of bending secondary amide and amine (NH) secondary amides at 1654.98 cm indicating the presence of vibration stretching CH. The results of the chitosan FTIR spectrum analysis shows symmetrical stretching vibrations at 3433.41 cm due to overlapping OH and amines (NH), stretching vibrations of 1653.05 cm caused by the propagation of C = O stretching and stretching vibrations of 1587.47 cm indicating secondary amide. The results of the characterization with XRD shows that extracted compounds were chitin and chitosan. In modifying the chitosan matrix, the spectra result show peak at 1656.91 1564.32 cm indicating the presence of an amide group. New aromatic group peak found in the area of 1631.83 cm which not found in chitosan. Diffract gram XRD from pure chitosan shows three highest peak peaks at 2θ equal to 609.2; 609.88 and 550 while chitosan-anhydrous modification shows a peak at 2θ equal to 609.8. The addition of anhydrous phthalates to chitosan has reduced its crystallinity which results in an increase in the hydrophilic characteristics of the membrane. The results of this study are expected to be one of the references in further research regarding the manufacture of phthalate chitosan-anhydrous based composite membranes for DMFC applications. KeywordsChitin, Chitosan, Phthalic Anhydride.
{"title":"Modification of Chitosan-Chitosan Phtalate Anhydrides Matrices","authors":"L. Atmaja, Herianus Manimoy, L. E. Arizka","doi":"10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12962/j20882033.v30i3.5504","url":null,"abstract":"Chitin and chitosan are natural biopolymers on shrimp shells. Chitosan is used extensively as a raw material in various industries. The study aimed to extract chitin and chitosan from fanami shrimp skin through deproteinization, demineralization, and deastilation reactions and to modify the matrix to improve the physical properties. The results of the analysis of the FTIR chitin spectrum shows several major peaks at wave number 3446.91 cm which showed the vibrations of bending secondary amide and amine (NH) secondary amides at 1654.98 cm indicating the presence of vibration stretching CH. The results of the chitosan FTIR spectrum analysis shows symmetrical stretching vibrations at 3433.41 cm due to overlapping OH and amines (NH), stretching vibrations of 1653.05 cm caused by the propagation of C = O stretching and stretching vibrations of 1587.47 cm indicating secondary amide. The results of the characterization with XRD shows that extracted compounds were chitin and chitosan. In modifying the chitosan matrix, the spectra result show peak at 1656.91 1564.32 cm indicating the presence of an amide group. New aromatic group peak found in the area of 1631.83 cm which not found in chitosan. Diffract gram XRD from pure chitosan shows three highest peak peaks at 2θ equal to 609.2; 609.88 and 550 while chitosan-anhydrous modification shows a peak at 2θ equal to 609.8. The addition of anhydrous phthalates to chitosan has reduced its crystallinity which results in an increase in the hydrophilic characteristics of the membrane. The results of this study are expected to be one of the references in further research regarding the manufacture of phthalate chitosan-anhydrous based composite membranes for DMFC applications. KeywordsChitin, Chitosan, Phthalic Anhydride.","PeriodicalId":14549,"journal":{"name":"IPTEK: The Journal for Technology and Science","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77355000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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