{"title":"Transfer agent of immunity. I. Immune ribonucleic acid which induces antibody formation to Salmonella flagella.","authors":"S Mitsuhashi, S Kurashige, M Kawakami, T Nojima","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"12 3","pages":"261-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16389829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rhapidosomes of Clostridium botulinum type E..","authors":"H Iida, K Inoue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"12 3","pages":"353-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15978080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drug resistance of staphylococci. IX. Inducible resistance to macrolide antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus.","authors":"H Hashimoto, H Oshima, S Mitsuhashi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"12 3","pages":"321-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15344127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y Inaba, Y Tanaka, K Sato, H Ito, Y Ito, T Omori, M Matumoto
{"title":"Bovine adenovirus. II. A serotype, Fukuroi, recovered from Japanese cattle.","authors":"Y Inaba, Y Tanaka, K Sato, H Ito, Y Ito, T Omori, M Matumoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"12 2","pages":"219-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16389726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bovine adenovirus. I. Recovery of a serotype, Nagano, from Japanese cattle.","authors":"Y Tanaka, Y Inaba, Y Ito, T Omori, M Matsumoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"77-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16387121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on Pathogenic leptospirae. V. Growth of pathogenic leptospirae on lipid fractions obtained from acid-fast bacilli.","authors":"Y Yanagihara, I Mifuchi, I Azuma, Y Yamamura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"103-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16060819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1968-01-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1348-0421.1968.TB00372.X
Y. Yanagihara, I. Mifuchi, I. Azuma, Y. Yamamura
Effect of Tween 80 on the growth of Leptospira canicola strain Utrecht and L. icterohaemorrhagiae strain Mikawajima was examined. The suspension of washed leptospira was inoculated into modified Korthof's basal medium containing varied amounts of Tween 80 and cultured at 30 C. Cell numbers were counted by using Petroff-Hausser counting chamber every other day. Optimum Tween 80 concentrations for L. canicola were 0.0125 and 0.025%. Cell counts in the second sub-cultures reached 108 per ml the same as the primary cultures. Generation time of L. canicola in 0.025% Tween 80 medium was about 13 hours. Growth of L. icterohaemorrhagiae was inhibited at concentrations greater than 0.0125 per cent. Cell numbers increased about 4 times at concentration of 0.0000125% Tween 80. L. canicola utilizes Tween 80 as a nutrient while L. icterohaemorrhagiae appears sensitive to it. A difference of more than 1,000 times in maximal growth-supporting concentration between L. canicola and L. icterohaemorrhagiae exists. This difference appears to be caused by difference in surface structure and metabolic requirements.
{"title":"Studies on Pathogenic leptospirae. V. Growth of pathogenic leptospirae on lipid fractions obtained from acid-fast bacilli.","authors":"Y. Yanagihara, I. Mifuchi, I. Azuma, Y. Yamamura","doi":"10.1111/J.1348-0421.1968.TB00372.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1348-0421.1968.TB00372.X","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of Tween 80 on the growth of Leptospira canicola strain Utrecht and L. icterohaemorrhagiae strain Mikawajima was examined. The suspension of washed leptospira was inoculated into modified Korthof's basal medium containing varied amounts of Tween 80 and cultured at 30 C. Cell numbers were counted by using Petroff-Hausser counting chamber every other day. Optimum Tween 80 concentrations for L. canicola were 0.0125 and 0.025%. Cell counts in the second sub-cultures reached 108 per ml the same as the primary cultures. Generation time of L. canicola in 0.025% Tween 80 medium was about 13 hours. Growth of L. icterohaemorrhagiae was inhibited at concentrations greater than 0.0125 per cent. Cell numbers increased about 4 times at concentration of 0.0000125% Tween 80. L. canicola utilizes Tween 80 as a nutrient while L. icterohaemorrhagiae appears sensitive to it. A difference of more than 1,000 times in maximal growth-supporting concentration between L. canicola and L. icterohaemorrhagiae exists. This difference appears to be caused by difference in surface structure and metabolic requirements.","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"103-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87751161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1967-03-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1348-0421.1967.TB00338.X
M. Tsukamura
A statistical method is proposed for recognition of a bacterial species or for differentiation of two groups of bacterial strains. Comparison between two groups is done by the “t”-test. When the mean S-values (similarity value) of two groups are A and B, and the mean S-value for all possible combinations between strains of both groups is S, a condition necessary for defining the two groups as different species is to demonstrate the existence of equations A > S and B > S. Unless this condition is fulfilled, the two groups should be considered unseparable. The condition necessary for recognition of two groups as one species is to demonstrate the existence of equations A:= S and B = S. A few examples of the test were shown using the mycobacteria, and it was suggested that this statistical method is useful in the recognition of a species.
{"title":"A Statistical Approach to the Definition of Bacterial Species","authors":"M. Tsukamura","doi":"10.1111/J.1348-0421.1967.TB00338.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1348-0421.1967.TB00338.X","url":null,"abstract":"A statistical method is proposed for recognition of a bacterial species or for differentiation of two groups of bacterial strains. Comparison between two groups is done by the “t”-test. When the mean S-values (similarity value) of two groups are A and B, and the mean S-value for all possible combinations between strains of both groups is S, a condition necessary for defining the two groups as different species is to demonstrate the existence of equations A > S and B > S. Unless this condition is fulfilled, the two groups should be considered unseparable. The condition necessary for recognition of two groups as one species is to demonstrate the existence of equations A:= S and B = S. A few examples of the test were shown using the mycobacteria, and it was suggested that this statistical method is useful in the recognition of a species.","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"1 2","pages":"213-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1967-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91442994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1967-03-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1348-0421.1967.TB00335.X
T. Sawai, H. Hashimoto, S. Mitsuhashi, S. Yamagishi
According to genetic studies of the inducible resistance to macrolide antibiotics; erythromycin (EM), oleandomycin (OM), leucomycin (LM), spiramycin (SP), in Staphylococcus aureus, it was found that there are two types of cross-resistance; resistance to EM and to both EM and OM. In EM-resistant strains, EM is an active inducer, while both EM and OM are the inducers in those strains resistant to both EM and OM. However, the induced populations of both strains acquired high resistance (800 μg/ml or more) to all macrolide antibiotics and to lincomycin. The resistance of induced cells was lost when grown in the absence of inducers. From a strain MS537, in which EM is an inducer, a mutant MS537-1 was obtained on the plate containing OM. In strain MS537-1, OM, in addition to EM, has become an active inducer for macrolide resistance. When MS537 and MS537-1 were cultured on the plate containing LM, mutants MS537-2 and MS537-3 were obtained, respectively. They were found to be highly resistant to all macrolide antibiotics and to lincomycin, and their resistance was not inducible but constitutive. According to transductional analysis, it was found that the loci concerned with induction for macrolide resistance and those governing cross-resistance to macrolide antibiotics were co-transducible, both loci not being separated by transduction. The constitutive resistance to macrolide antibiotics and to lincomycin in strains MS537-2 and MS537-3, was also co-transducible, suggesting that the resistance to macrolide antibiotics and to lincomycin are determined by a gene or by a cluster of genes in the cocci.
{"title":"Drug Resistance of Staphylococci","authors":"T. Sawai, H. Hashimoto, S. Mitsuhashi, S. Yamagishi","doi":"10.1111/J.1348-0421.1967.TB00335.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1348-0421.1967.TB00335.X","url":null,"abstract":"According to genetic studies of the inducible resistance to macrolide antibiotics; erythromycin (EM), oleandomycin (OM), leucomycin (LM), spiramycin (SP), in Staphylococcus aureus, it was found that there are two types of cross-resistance; resistance to EM and to both EM and OM. In EM-resistant strains, EM is an active inducer, while both EM and OM are the inducers in those strains resistant to both EM and OM. However, the induced populations of both strains acquired high resistance (800 μg/ml or more) to all macrolide antibiotics and to lincomycin. The resistance of induced cells was lost when grown in the absence of inducers. From a strain MS537, in which EM is an inducer, a mutant MS537-1 was obtained on the plate containing OM. In strain MS537-1, OM, in addition to EM, has become an active inducer for macrolide resistance. When MS537 and MS537-1 were cultured on the plate containing LM, mutants MS537-2 and MS537-3 were obtained, respectively. They were found to be highly resistant to all macrolide antibiotics and to lincomycin, and their resistance was not inducible but constitutive. According to transductional analysis, it was found that the loci concerned with induction for macrolide resistance and those governing cross-resistance to macrolide antibiotics were co-transducible, both loci not being separated by transduction. The constitutive resistance to macrolide antibiotics and to lincomycin in strains MS537-2 and MS537-3, was also co-transducible, suggesting that the resistance to macrolide antibiotics and to lincomycin are determined by a gene or by a cluster of genes in the cocci.","PeriodicalId":14559,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1967-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75305853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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